blob: 54ee8708dfbb2c3ffaeb28712a8aa0c514caff53 [file] [log] [blame]
vlmfa67ddc2004-06-03 03:38:44 +00001
vlm35fcb7c2005-03-18 04:25:17 +000020.9.13: 2005-Mar-17
vlm2f2df932005-03-10 18:53:33 +00003
4 * Added extra const qualifiers into the support code.
vlm35fcb7c2005-03-18 04:25:17 +00005 * More RFC variations supported in crfc2asn1.pl.
vlm5e2c4b92005-03-20 11:12:40 +00006 * Refined string values compatibility. (Test cases 77, 78).
vlm2f2df932005-03-10 18:53:33 +00007
vlmb04419e2005-03-10 11:27:28 +000080.9.12: 2005-Mar-10
vlm67d57fe2005-03-06 09:29:03 +00009
10 * Fixed a name clash in produced constraint checking code.
vlm24b7eb12005-03-06 09:31:59 +000011 * #includes are now in single quotes (to solve a name
12 clash with system's <time.h> on a Win32 system).
vlm4df9cc12005-03-09 22:19:25 +000013 * Small refinement of XML DTD generation (`asn1c -X`).
14 * Relaxed XER processing rules to skip extra whitespace
15 in some more places. It also skips XML comments (although
vlmbe7a5322005-03-10 11:50:12 +000016 XML comments in XER are prohibited by X.693, #8.2.1).
vlm4df9cc12005-03-09 22:19:25 +000017 (Test case 70) (Severity: medium, Security impact: none)
18 Reported by <Dominique.Nerriec@alcatel.fr>.
vlmb04419e2005-03-10 11:27:28 +000019 * Constraints on primitive types being defined are now supported.
20 (Test case 74) (Severity: low, Security impact: none)
vlmf726ec32005-03-10 13:44:50 +000021 * XMLValueList generation fixed for CHOICE type.
22 (Severity: medium, Security impact: none)
vlmb7353712005-03-10 15:09:02 +000023 * Added the GSM TAP3 decoder into ./examples/sample.source.TAP3
vlm67d57fe2005-03-06 09:29:03 +000024
vlm4fff94d2005-03-04 09:01:15 +0000250.9.11: 2005-Mar-04
vlmdca48302005-03-03 21:29:10 +000026
vlm4fff94d2005-03-04 09:01:15 +000027 * Released -fcompound-names to fix the name clashes in the code
28 produced by the asn1c.
vlm9f554a32005-03-05 00:33:27 +000029 * Released -fno-include-deps to avoid #including non-critical
30 external dependencies.
31 * Compiler is taught to produce compilable code for yet another class
32 of circular ASN.1 type references.
vlm9a89df62005-03-04 11:18:59 +000033 * X.693:8.3.4 prohibits anything but SignedNumber; fixed XER codec.
34 * Fixed ENUMERATED identifier to value conversion in XER.
vlm560eeb82005-03-04 11:20:17 +000035 Reported by <jacque.celaire@caramail.com>.
vlm4fff94d2005-03-04 09:01:15 +000036 * If the compiled file contents are the same as in already existing
37 file (left from previous compilation), the old file is retained.
38 This prevents thrashing `make` dependencies if amount of changes in
39 the original ASN.1 module(s) is small.
vlmdca48302005-03-03 21:29:10 +000040
vlm80a48592005-02-25 12:10:27 +0000410.9.10: 2005-Feb-25
vlma9e55432005-02-24 21:07:35 +000042
vlm80a48592005-02-25 12:10:27 +000043 * Completed the XER XMLValueList encoding and decoding.
44 * Native integer type is now using "long".
45 * Fixed #1150856. Reported by <vvvy@users.sourceforge.net>.
vlm90717f62005-02-25 14:26:43 +000046 * Some WIN32 portability fixes.
vlma9e55432005-02-24 21:07:35 +000047
vlmd7f47c02005-02-22 08:14:24 +0000480.9.9: 2005-Feb-22
vlm54af01c2005-01-17 15:27:47 +000049
vlm0b09f2a2005-02-18 18:16:14 +000050 * First release of XER (XML) decoding implementation (somewhat
51 experimental).
vlm6bbe0bc2005-01-22 00:13:45 +000052 * ANY allocation routine fixed.
53 Reported by <mikko.ahonen@elma.net>.
vlm62a14752005-01-23 09:51:53 +000054 * Fixed tag parsing (tags like "[ 0 ]" were not supported).
vlmd7f47c02005-02-22 08:14:24 +000055 * Compiler now checks for duplicate ASN.1 types across modules.
vlm54af01c2005-01-17 15:27:47 +000056
vlm34dcd572005-01-17 11:40:49 +0000570.9.8: 2005-Jan-17
vlm0aa86902004-10-12 23:26:53 +000058
vlm32d29a52004-10-26 10:44:18 +000059 * [NEW PLATFORM] Compiled and tested on Linux @ alpha64 (LP64).
60 Some code needed to be fixed regarding int-long conversions
61 (mostly inside the test suite), and floating point handling
62 code needed to be restructured to handle signalling NAN and
63 other floating point exceptions quietly. Smooth transition!
64 * [NEW PLATFORM] Compiled and tested on Sun Solaris 9 @ sparc.
65 Improved includes/defines of/for system headers.
vlm60e7ef02004-10-13 09:13:56 +000066 * -X command line option added to asn1c to generate XML DTD.
vlm0aa86902004-10-12 23:26:53 +000067 * Empty SEQUENCE and SET clauses are now allowed.
vlmba67bd12004-10-25 22:58:49 +000068 * Removed confusion between &xNN; and &#xNN; in enber and unber.
vlm79729272004-10-31 00:11:50 +000069 * Removed order dependency in DEFAULT references to ENUMERATED
70 identifiers (./tests/68-*-OK.asn1).
vlmbd8d05f2005-01-17 12:35:57 +000071 * ber_dec_rval_t renamed into asn_dec_rval_t: more generality.
vlm34dcd572005-01-17 11:40:49 +000072 * Extensions in CHOICE types are properly marked as non-pointers
vlm4df9cc12005-03-09 22:19:25 +000073 (Test case 59) (Severity: medium, Security impact: medium)
vlm34dcd572005-01-17 11:40:49 +000074 Reported by <roman.pfender@sdm.de>.
vlmbd8d05f2005-01-17 12:35:57 +000075 * Tagged CHOICE type is now supported again.
76 (Test case 59) (Severity: low, Security impact: low)
77 Reported by <orlinkata@dir.bg>.
vlmcd05d3d2004-11-16 09:46:00 +000078 * Implemented der_encode_to_buffer() procedure.
vlm0aa86902004-10-12 23:26:53 +000079
800.9.7.1: 2004-Oct-12
81
82 * Fixed automatic tagging for extensions of compound types.
83 * Fixed ParametrizedReference parsing: {} are now recognized.
84
vlm267b7fd2004-10-11 11:43:08 +0000850.9.7: 2004-Oct-11
vlm745fe252004-10-02 00:12:11 +000086
vlmaa930cb2005-02-24 22:37:07 +000087 * Finished CXER implementation by adding SET and SET OF canonical
88 ordering support.
vlm17cbadb2004-10-03 10:55:08 +000089 * Fixed unber(1) limits controlling logic.
vlm745fe252004-10-02 00:12:11 +000090 * Removed C99'izm from the x509dump, now understood by older compilers.
vlmee5afb02004-10-02 15:55:20 +000091 * Enhanced UTF8String constraint validation, now it checks
92 for the minimal encoding length; API of UTF8String_length() changed.
vlm5cb31d52004-10-05 06:39:35 +000093 * Fixed SEQUENCE dealing with premature termination of the
94 optionals-laden indefinite length structure. The code was previously
95 refusing to parse such structures.
vlm267b7fd2004-10-11 11:43:08 +000096 * Fixed explicitly tagged ANY type encoding and decoding
vlm4df9cc12005-03-09 22:19:25 +000097 (Severity: medium, Security impact: low).
vlm5cb31d52004-10-05 06:39:35 +000098 * Fixed CHOICE code spin when indefinite length structures appear
99 in the extensions (Severity: medium, Security impact: medium).
100 Reported by <siden@ul-gsm.ru>.
vlm0f1ab762004-10-12 05:57:23 +0000101 * BIT STRING now stores the number of unused octets in a separate field.
vlm745fe252004-10-02 00:12:11 +0000102
vlm0d181f22004-09-29 13:30:32 +00001030.9.6: 2004-Sep-29
vlme43659a2004-09-19 19:40:52 +0000104
vlm0d181f22004-09-29 13:30:32 +0000105 * Added several security firewalls: decoder's stack usage control
106 and the stricter checking of the TLV length.
vlmf7ed1482004-09-22 16:06:52 +0000107 * Implemented BASIC-XER encoding support (X.693).
vlm74e9e342004-09-24 21:06:19 +0000108 * Implemented unber(1) and enber(1) for BER<->XML translation.
vlmf7ed1482004-09-22 16:06:52 +0000109 * Implemented CGI for online ASN.1 compilation (asn1c/webcgi).
vlm74e9e342004-09-24 21:06:19 +0000110 * Implemented the sample X.509 decoder (./examples/sample.source.PKIX1).
vlmf7ed1482004-09-22 16:06:52 +0000111 * NamedType is now supported for SET OF/SEQUENCE OF type.
vlm986afd62004-09-26 13:16:56 +0000112 * Added -fno-constraints option to asn1c, which disabled generation of
113 ASN.1 subtype constraints checking code.
vlmf7ed1482004-09-22 16:06:52 +0000114 * Added ASN1C_ENVIRONMENT_VERSION and get_asn1c_environment_version().
vlm4df9cc12005-03-09 22:19:25 +0000115 * Fixed ANY type decoding (Severity: high, Security impact: low).
vlm74e9e342004-09-24 21:06:19 +0000116 * Fixed BER decoder restartability problem with certain primitive
117 types (BOOLEAN, INTEGER, and REAL). The problem occured when the
118 encoding of such type is split between several bytes.
119 (Severity: high, Security impact: low)
vlm0d181f22004-09-29 13:30:32 +0000120 * Support for cross-referencing type definitions (updated ./tests/43-*).
vlmc8ee3052004-09-27 20:56:03 +0000121 * Fixed pretty-printing of the REAL type. Added lots of test cases.
vlm0d181f22004-09-29 13:30:32 +0000122 * Renamed asn1_* into asn_* in function and type names.
vlm74e9e342004-09-24 21:06:19 +0000123 * Updated documentation.
vlme43659a2004-09-19 19:40:52 +0000124
vlmbed6f812004-09-17 06:46:10 +00001250.9.5: 2004-Sep-17
vlmf72653e2004-09-13 08:32:15 +0000126
127 * Fixed CER (common BER) decoder code. See check-25.c/VisibleString
128 case for details. X.690 specifies that inner structures in BER
129 encoding must be tagged by stripping off the outer tag for each
130 subsequent containment level. See also X.690: 8.21.5.4 and
131 the "Spouse" case in A.3.
132 (Severity: medium, Security impact: low)
133 * Added converters between any generic type and the ANY type.
vlmb807ac42004-09-14 02:46:22 +0000134 * Parser fixed: Information Object Class fields may be taged.
135 * Parser fixed: tagged types inside SEQUENCE OF/SET OF support.
vlm9e4815d2004-09-15 12:01:04 +0000136 * Improved DEFAULT Value parsing and pretty-printing.
137 * Condition on distinct tags checker was incorrectly dealing with
138 tagged CHOICE types. Fixed. Modified tests/37-indirect-choice-OK.asn1
vlmb47f48e2004-09-17 06:32:12 +0000139 * Improved type name generation code ("struct foo" vs "foo_t").
vlm9e4815d2004-09-15 12:01:04 +0000140 * Fixed constraint checking code incorrectly dealing with imported
141 types with constraint values defined in other modules.
vlmf9d178d2004-09-14 12:47:45 +0000142 * Real REAL support! (Haven't tested denormals support yet!)
143 See skeletons/tests/check-REAL.c
vlmf72653e2004-09-13 08:32:15 +0000144
vlm1308d2b2004-09-10 15:49:15 +00001450.9.4: 2004-Sep-10
vlmdbf655b2004-09-10 09:38:17 +0000146
147 * More support for recursive type definitions.
148 * Explicit support for ANY type decoding.
vlm1308d2b2004-09-10 15:49:15 +0000149 * Refactored tags processing code.
150 * Fixed constraints checking code: non-exploitable buffer overflow.
151 (Severity: medium, Security impact: low)
vlmdbf655b2004-09-10 09:38:17 +0000152
vlm8c80dc52004-09-08 02:49:06 +00001530.9.3: 2004-Sep-07
vlm7a35b652004-08-26 06:19:23 +0000154
vlme9a56c92004-09-05 10:41:39 +0000155 * Extended constraints support in parametrized types.
156 * Better support for parametrization and constraints handling.
vlm21c70452004-09-08 00:27:33 +0000157 * Better handling of recursive type definitions.
vlm39c50612004-09-04 05:02:31 +0000158 * Added support for ANY type.
vlm7a35b652004-08-26 06:19:23 +0000159
vlmd86c9252004-08-25 01:34:11 +00001600.9.2: 2004-Aug-24
161
vlm3231b9f2004-08-25 02:06:48 +0000162 * More flexible subtype constraints handling, with relaxed
163 PER visibility rules for actual constraints checking code generator.
vlmd86c9252004-08-25 01:34:11 +0000164 * Indirect references in constraints resolver code fixed.
165 * Avoided compilation warning on gcc 3.3.3 systems.
vlmda4df3f2004-08-25 02:27:47 +0000166 * Better ValueSet printing.
vlmd86c9252004-08-25 01:34:11 +0000167
vlmef427fd2004-08-24 05:25:57 +00001680.9.1: 2004-Aug-23
169
170 * Documentation updated: doc/asn1c-usage.pdf
171 * Fixed OBJECT IDENTIFIER human-readable printing.
172 Reported by <siden@ul-gsm.ru>.
173
vlm82620702004-08-23 09:24:40 +00001740.9: 2004-Aug-23
vlmd3d0fbd2004-08-18 05:43:55 +0000175
176 * Reworked subtype constraints handling, aiming at PER-applicability.
vlm7ce9add2004-08-19 13:35:01 +0000177 * BOOLEAN and NULL are now implemented in terms of native int type.
178 * Compiler now links in only necessary skeleton files.
vlmf25d2812004-08-20 13:38:25 +0000179 * -t option added to asn1c to ease manual BER/CER/DER decoding.
vlmdae7f9d2004-08-22 03:25:24 +0000180 * Added support COMPONENTS OF construct.
181 * Numerous parser fixes and enhancements.
vlm758530a2004-08-22 13:47:59 +0000182 * Better constraint failure reporting.
vlmd3d0fbd2004-08-18 05:43:55 +0000183
vlm19aae982004-08-18 09:05:12 +00001840.8.19: 2004-Aug-18
185
186 * Fixed BER encoder (problem encoding large tag values)
187 (Severity: medium, Security impact: low)
188
vlm22736492004-08-13 12:39:17 +00001890.8.18: 2004-Aug-12
190
191 * Parser: fixed multiple IMPORTS problem (incorrect assertion).
192 * Parser: constraints extensibility parsing fix.
193
vlm6e73a042004-08-11 07:17:22 +00001940.8.17: 2004-Aug-11
vlm8ed2f6f2004-08-11 05:35:51 +0000195
196 * Improved compiler output: duplicate #includes eliminated.
vlm6e73a042004-08-11 07:17:22 +0000197 * Win32 portability fixes.
vlme167bf72004-08-11 08:11:50 +0000198 * More compatibility with C++ or non-GCC compilers.
vlm8ed2f6f2004-08-11 05:35:51 +0000199
vlm972a5382004-07-22 12:19:42 +00002000.8.16: 2004-Jul-22
201
202 * Fixed application-level problem in SET OF/SEQUENCE OF array cleanup.
203 (Severity: medium, Security impact: low)
vlm81057a82004-08-07 03:52:26 +0000204 * Improved asn_GT2time() and added asn_time2{GT,UT}() functions.
vlm49b511a2004-08-07 05:01:45 +0000205 * BIT STRING pretty-printing.
vlm972a5382004-07-22 12:19:42 +0000206
vlm796c1da2004-07-21 03:55:44 +00002070.8.15: 2004-Jul-20
vlmf0769b42004-07-15 10:52:58 +0000208
209 * Fixed parser: memory leak in free_struct code for SET OF/SEQUENCE OF.
210 (Severity: high, Security impact: medium)
vlmde1d8f72004-07-21 04:15:24 +0000211 * Fixed parser: invalid memory reference in code constructing tags.
vlm796c1da2004-07-21 03:55:44 +0000212 (Test case 48) (Severity: high, Security impact: medium)
213 When encoding data for certain ASN.1 specifications containing
214 explicit tags, the tag is always written incorrectly due to
215 incorrect memory reference. The encoding will almost always produce
216 unparseable data and might well reference unmapped region so program
217 would produce segmentation violation. Fortunately, memory is
218 read, not written, so remote exploits cannot execute arbitrary
219 code and triggering unmapped memory reference is highly unlikely
220 even it attacker knows the code (basically, the compiler should place
221 asn1_DEF_... right before the end of the mapped memory region, which
222 is extremely rare).
vlm7d278c42004-07-19 17:30:25 +0000223 * Improved INTEGER type printing.
vlmf0769b42004-07-15 10:52:58 +0000224
vlm79b08d52004-07-01 00:52:50 +00002250.8.14: 2004-Jun-30
226
227 * Fixed compiler: extensibility of CHOICE and SET type has not been
228 taken into account during table construction.
229 (Test case 47) (Severity: high, Security impact: low)
230
vlm65328a82004-06-28 21:22:20 +00002310.8.13: 2004-Jun-29
232
233 * Fixed compiler: the skip values for IMPLICIT tagging were broken
234 in some complex cases where one type is defined using another.
235 (Test case 46) (Severity: medium, Security impact: low).
236 * Added -fknown-extern-type command line parameter to asn1c.
237 * Removed -N command line flag and underlying functionality
238 to honor KISS principle.
239
vlmd315be52004-06-18 00:03:54 +00002400.8.12: 2004-Jun-17
vlme511d3e2004-06-14 13:53:32 +0000241
vlmd315be52004-06-18 00:03:54 +0000242 * RELATIVE-OID and OBJECT IDENTIFIER encoders/decoders are not bound
243 anymore to an integer type of specific size (unsigned long). The
244 size of an integer must be provided explicitly.
245 See {OBJECT_IDENTIFIER|RELATIVE_OID}_{get|set}_arcs().
vlme511d3e2004-06-14 13:53:32 +0000246 * SEQUENCE BER decoder fixed again for complex CHOICE case
vlm23ea2c72004-06-14 13:54:21 +0000247 (Test case 44) (Severity: medium, Security impact: low).
vlme511d3e2004-06-14 13:53:32 +0000248
vlm97986e42004-06-05 08:47:18 +00002490.8.11: 2004-Jun-05
250
vlm387ab0c2004-07-21 04:28:32 +0000251 * Enforced stricter conformance with C standards.
vlme511d3e2004-06-14 13:53:32 +0000252 * SEQUENCE BER decoder is now equipped with the sorted map
vlm45191f52004-06-06 07:20:37 +0000253 in case of complex CHOICE descendants. Test case 44 created.
vlm97986e42004-06-05 08:47:18 +0000254
vlmfa67ddc2004-06-03 03:38:44 +00002550.8.10: 2004-Jun-02
256
257 * Added const qualifier where necessary.
258 * Changed position of outmost_tag fetcher within asn1_TYPE_descriptor_t
259 structure.
260
2610.8.9: 2004-May-26
262
263 * Added *_{get|set}_arcs_*() functions for OBJECT IDENTIFIER
264 and RELATIVE-OID, together with test cases.
265
2660.8.8: 2004-May-09
267
268 * Introduced subtype constraints support (incomplete!).
269 * Fixed compiler. If the last member of the SEQUENCE is OPTIONAL
270 and absent in the encoding, and the type is extensible (...) or
271 EXTENSIBILITY IMPLIED flag is set, then the structure could not
272 be correctly decoded. (Severity: high, Security impact: low).
273 * Compiler: fixed recursive ASN.1 types inclusion (Severity: low,
274 Security impact: none).
275 * Parser: IMPORTS/FROM fixes, now allowing multiple sections.
vlm32d29a52004-10-26 10:44:18 +0000276 * NEW PLATFORM: Compiled and tested on MacOS X (@ PowerPC).
277 No major portability issues experienced.
vlmfa67ddc2004-06-03 03:38:44 +0000278
2790.8.7: 2004-Apr-11 T-version-0-8-7
280
281 * Fixed SEQUENCE BER decoder: if the last member of the SEQUENCE is
282 OPTIONAL and absent in the encoding, RC_FAIL was returned instead
283 of RC_OK (Severity: high, Security impact: low).
284 * Added test case to check the above problem.
285 * Added test case to check -fnative-integers mode.
286
2870.8.6: 2004-Apr-03 T-version-0-8-6
288
289 * Fixed compiler output for embedded ASN.1 structures.
290
2910.8.5: 2004-Mar-28 T-version-0-8-5
292
293 * Fixed ber_tlv_length() computation problem (Severity: blocker,
294 Security impact: none).
295 Reported by <vss@high.net.ru>
296
2970.8.4: 2004-Mar-22
298
299 * Removed RC_ITAG enumeration element from BER decoder.
300 This return code did not have much practical value.
301
3020.8.3: 2004-Mar-14 T-version-0-8-3
303
304 * Fixed SET::BER decoder: restart after reaching a buffer boundary
305 weas broken (Severity: blocker, Security impact: low).
306 * Fixed OCTET STRING::BER decoder: restart after reaching a buffer
307 boundary was broken (Severity: blocker, Security impact: low).
308 Reported by <vss@high.net.ru>
309 * Added test cases to check decoders restartability.
310 * Slightly more general INTEGER2long decoder.
311 * Allowed nested /* C-type */ comments, as per X.680:2002.
312
3130.8.2: 2004-Mar-01 T-version-0-8-2
314
315 * Fixed SEQUENCE BER decoder: an OPTIONAL element was required, where
316 should not have been (Severity: major; Security impact: low).
317 * Fixed print_struct pointer inheritance.
318 * Added -fno-c99 and -funnamed-unions
319
3200.8.1: 2004-Feb-22
321
322 * -R switch to asn1c: Omit support code, compile only the tables.
323 * Introduced NativeInteger pseudotype.
324 * Corrected the informal print_struct()'s output format.
325
3260.8.0: 2004-Feb-03 T-version-0-8-0
327
328 * Some documentation is created (a .pdf and a short manual page).
329 * Last touches to the code.
330
3310.7.9: 2004-Feb-01 T-version-0-7-9
332
333 * Human readable printing support.
334 * Support for implicit (standard) constraints.
335
3360.7.8: 2004-Jan-31
337
338 * SET now rejects duplicate fields in the data stream.
339
3400.7.7: 2004-Jan-25
341
342 * Added types: GeneralizedTime and UTCTime.
343
3440.7.6: 2004-Jan-24 T-version-0-7-6
345
346 * DER encoding of a SET OF now involves dynamic sorting.
347
3480.7.5: 2004-Jan-24 T-version-0-7-5
349
350 * DER encoding of a SET with untagged CHOICE
351 now involves dynamic sorting.
352
3530.7.0: 2004-Jan-19 T-version-0-7-0
354
355 * A bunch of DER encoders is implemented.
356
3570.6.6: 2004-Jan-11
358
359 * Implemented CHOICE decoder.
360 * Implemented destructors support.
361
3620.6.5: 2004-Jan-03
363
364 * Implemented SET decoder.
365 * Implemented SET OF and SEQUENCE OF decoders.
366
3670.6.4: 2003-Dec-31
368
369 * Implemented BOOLEAN, NULL, ENUMERATED decoders.
370 * Implemented OCTET STRING decoder.
371 * Implemented BIT STRING decoder.
372
3730.6: 2003-Dec-30
374
375 * First decoding of a BER-encoded structure!
376
3770.5: 2003-Dec-28
378
379 * Framework and most of the compiler backbone coding done.
380
3810.1: 2003-Nov-28
382
383 * Programming started.
vlm5cb31d52004-10-05 06:39:35 +0000384
385=== Bug importance disclosure terms ===
386
387SEVERITY.
388 This term applies to the frequence the particular construct is used
389 in the real world. The higher the frequency, the more chances of triggering
390 this bug.
391 low: The ASN.1 specifications which could trigger
392 this kind of bug are not widespread.
393 medium: The particular ASN.1 construct is used quite often,
394 so the chance of triggering an error is considerable.
395 high: This fix is considered urgent, or the particular ASN.1
396 construct triggering this bug is in wide use.
397
398SECURITY IMPACT.
399 This term applies to the amount of potential damage a bug exploitation
400 could cause.
401 low: The local exploitation is unlikely; the remote exploitation
402 is impossible.
403 medium: The remote exploitation is possible when a particular ASN.1
404 construct is being used. If possible, only hard failure, spin
405 or memory leak are the possible outcome: no shellcode
406 injection could possibly be carried by the attack.
407 high: The remote shellcode injection is possible, or the bug is
408 otherwise remotely exploitable for most specifications.
409