gbproxy/GBProxy_Tests.ttcn

module GBProxy_Tests {

/* Osmocom GBProxy test suite in TTCN-3
 * (C) 2020-2021 Harald Welte <laforge@osmocom.org>
 * (C) 2020 sysmocom - s.f.m.c. GmbH
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Author: Daniel Willmann <dwillmann@sysmocom.de>

 * Released under the terms of GNU General Public License, Version 2 or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
 */

import from General_Types all;
import from Osmocom_Types all;
import from Misc_Helpers all;
import from GSM_Types all;
import from Native_Functions all;
import from NS_Types all;
import from NS_Emulation all;
import from BSSGP_Types all;
import from BSSGP_Emulation all;
import from SCCPasp_Types all;
import from Osmocom_Gb_Types all;

import from MobileL3_CommonIE_Types all;
import from MobileL3_GMM_SM_Types all;
import from MobileL3_Types all;
import from L3_Templates all;
import from L3_Common all;

import from TELNETasp_PortType all;
import from Osmocom_VTY_Functions all;

import from LLC_Types all;
import from LLC_Templates all;

import from GSM_RR_Types all;

/* mcc_mnc is 24.008 10.5.5.15 encoded. 262 42 */
const BcdMccMnc c_mcc_mnc := '262F42'H;

/* 48.016 section 6.1.4.2: The default maximum information field size of 1600 octets shall be supported on the Gb interface */
const integer max_fr_info_size := 1600;

modulepar {
	/* NRI bit-length. 0 for no pooling */
	integer mp_nri_bitlength := 5;
	roro_integer mp_sgsn_nri := {
		{ 3 },		/* list of NRIs of first SGSN */
		{ 4 }		/* list of NRIs of second SGSN */
	};
	boolean mp_enable_bss_load_sharing := false;
	/* SGSN NS configuration */
	NSConfigurations mp_nsconfig_sgsn := {
		{
			nsei := 101,
			role_sgsn := true,
			handle_sns := false,
			nsvc := {
				{
					provider := {
						ip := {
							address_family := AF_INET,
							local_udp_port := 7777,
							local_ip := "127.0.0.1",
							remote_udp_port := 23000,
							remote_ip := "127.0.0.1"
						}
					},
					nsvci := 101
				}
			}
		}, {
			nsei := 102,
			role_sgsn := true,
			handle_sns := false,
			nsvc := {
				{
					provider := {
						ip := {
							address_family := AF_INET,
							local_udp_port := 8888,
							local_ip := "127.0.0.1",
							remote_udp_port := 23000,
							remote_ip := "127.0.0.1"
						}
					},
					nsvci := 102
				}
			}
		}
	};
	/* BSS NSEI start at 2000 + x
	 * NSVCI start from value of NSEI + 100
	 * UDP port is NSVCI * 10 */
	NSConfigurations mp_nsconfig_pcu := {
		{
			nsei := 2001,
			role_sgsn := false,
			handle_sns := false,
			nsvc := {
				{
					provider := {
						ip := {
							address_family := AF_INET,
							local_udp_port := 21010,
							local_ip := "127.0.0.1",
							remote_udp_port := 23000,
							remote_ip := "127.0.0.1"
						}
					},
					nsvci := 2101
				}
			}
		},
		{
			nsei := 2002,
			role_sgsn := false,
			handle_sns := false,
			nsvc := {
				{
					provider := {
						ip := {
							address_family := AF_INET,
							local_udp_port := 21020,
							local_ip := "127.0.0.1",
							remote_udp_port := 23000,
							remote_ip := "127.0.0.1"
						}
					},
					nsvci := 2102
				}
			}
		},
		{
			nsei := 2003,
			role_sgsn := false,
			handle_sns := false,
			nsvc := {
				{
					provider := {
						ip := {
							address_family := AF_INET,
							local_udp_port := 21030,
							local_ip := "127.0.0.1",
							remote_udp_port := 23000,
							remote_ip := "127.0.0.1"
						}
					},
					nsvci := 2103
				}
			}
		}
	};
	/* BVCI are NSEI*10 + x
	 * The first NSE only has one BVC, the second one 2 and so on
	 * The Cell ID is BVCI + 10000
	 * LAC/RAC are configured in such a way that:
	 * LAC 13135 is present once in NSE(2001), twice in NSE(2002) and once in NSE(2003)
	 * LAC 13300 is present twice in NSE(2003)
	 * RAI 13135-1 is present in NSE(2002) and NSE(2003)
	 * RAI 13300-0 is present twice in NSE(2003)
	 */
	BssgpConfigs mp_gbconfigs := {
		{
			nsei := 2001,
			sgsn_role := false,
			bvc := {
				{
					bvci := 20011,
					cell_id := {
						ra_id := {
							lai := {
								mcc_mnc := c_mcc_mnc,
								lac := 13135
							},
							rac := 0
						},
						cell_id := 30011
					},
					depth := BSSGP_DECODE_DEPTH_BSSGP,
					create_cb := refers(BSSGP_Emulation.DefaultCreateCallback)
				}
			}
		}, {
			nsei := 2002,
			sgsn_role := false,
			bvc := {
				{
					bvci := 20021,
					cell_id := {
						ra_id := {
							lai := {
								mcc_mnc := c_mcc_mnc,
								lac := 13135
							},
							rac := 1
						},
						cell_id := 30021
					},
					depth := BSSGP_DECODE_DEPTH_BSSGP,
					create_cb := refers(BSSGP_Emulation.DefaultCreateCallback)
				},
				{
					bvci := 20022,
					cell_id := {
						ra_id := {
							lai := {
								mcc_mnc := c_mcc_mnc,
								lac := 13135
							},
							rac := 2
						},
						cell_id := 30022
					},
					depth := BSSGP_DECODE_DEPTH_BSSGP,
					create_cb := refers(BSSGP_Emulation.DefaultCreateCallback)
				}
			}
		}, {
			nsei := 2003,
			sgsn_role := false,
			bvc := {
				{
					bvci := 20031,
					cell_id := {
						ra_id := {
							lai := {
								mcc_mnc := c_mcc_mnc,
								lac := 13135
							},
							rac := 1
						},
						cell_id := 30031
					},
					depth := BSSGP_DECODE_DEPTH_BSSGP,
					create_cb := refers(BSSGP_Emulation.DefaultCreateCallback)
				},
				{
					bvci := 20032,
					cell_id := {
						ra_id := {
							lai := {
								mcc_mnc := c_mcc_mnc,
								lac := 13300
							},
							rac := 0
						},
						cell_id := 30032
					},
					depth := BSSGP_DECODE_DEPTH_BSSGP,
					create_cb := refers(BSSGP_Emulation.DefaultCreateCallback)
				},
				{
					bvci := 20033,
					cell_id := {
						ra_id := {
							lai := {
								mcc_mnc := c_mcc_mnc,
								lac := 13300
							},
							rac := 0
						},
						cell_id := 30033
					},
					depth := BSSGP_DECODE_DEPTH_BSSGP,
					create_cb := refers(BSSGP_Emulation.DefaultCreateCallback)
				}
			}
		}
	}
};

type record GbInstance {
	NS_CT vc_NS,
	BSSGP_CT vc_BSSGP,
	BSSGP_BVC_CTs vc_BSSGP_BVC,
	BssgpConfig cfg
};
type record of BSSGP_BVC_CT BSSGP_BVC_CTs

const integer NUM_PCU := 3;
type record of GbInstance GbInstances;
type record of BssgpConfig BssgpConfigs;
type record of NSConfiguration NSConfigurations;
type record of BssgpCellId BssgpCellIds;

const integer NUM_SGSN := 2;

type component test_CT {
	var GbInstances g_pcu;
	var GbInstances g_sgsn;

	port BSSGP_CT_PROC_PT PROC;

	port BSSGP_BVC_MGMT_PT SGSN_MGMT;
	port BSSGP_BVC_MGMT_PT PCU_MGMT;

	port TELNETasp_PT GBPVTY;

	var boolean g_initialized := false;
	var boolean g_use_echo := false;

	var ro_integer g_roi := {};
	timer g_Tguard;
};

type component BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	/* array of per-BVC ports on the PCU side */
	port BSSGP_PT PCU_PTP[NUM_PCU];
	port BSSGP_PT PCU_SIG[NUM_PCU];
	port BSSGP_PROC_PT PCU_PROC[NUM_PCU];
	/* component reference to the component to which we're currently connected */
	var BSSGP_BVC_CT pcu_ct[NUM_PCU];
	/* BSSGP BVC configuration of the component to which we're currently connected */
	var BssgpBvcConfig pcu_bvc_cfg[NUM_PCU];

	/* array of per-BVC ports on the SGSN side */
	port BSSGP_PT SGSN_PTP[NUM_SGSN];
	port BSSGP_PT SGSN_SIG[NUM_SGSN];
	port BSSGP_PROC_PT SGSN_PROC[NUM_SGSN];
	/* component reference to the component to which we're currently connected */
	var BSSGP_BVC_CT sgsn_ct[NUM_PCU];

	var BSSGP_ConnHdlrPars g_pars;
	timer g_Tguard;
	var LLC_Entities llc;

	var ro_integer g_roi := {};
}

type record SGSN_ConnHdlrNetworkPars {
	boolean expect_ptmsi,
	boolean expect_auth,
	boolean expect_ciph
};

type record BSSGP_ConnHdlrPars {
	/* IMEI of the simulated ME */
	hexstring imei,
	/* IMSI of the simulated MS */
	hexstring imsi,
	/* MSISDN of the simulated MS (probably unused) */
	hexstring msisdn,
	/* P-TMSI allocated to the simulated MS */
	OCT4 p_tmsi optional,
	OCT3 p_tmsi_sig optional,
	/* TLLI of the simulated MS */
	OCT4 tlli,
	OCT4 tlli_old optional,
	RoutingAreaIdentificationV ra optional,
	GbInstances pcu,
	GbInstances sgsn,
	/* The SGSN index to be used within the test */
	integer sgsn_idx,
	float t_guard
};

private function get_bvc_idx_for_bvci(GbInstance gbi, BssgpBvci bvci) return integer
{
	var integer i;

	for (i := 0; i < lengthof(gbi.cfg.bvc); i := i + 1) {
		if (gbi.cfg.bvc[i].bvci == bvci) {
			return i;
		}
	}
	setverdict(fail, "Could not find BVC Index for BVCI ", bvci);
	return -1;
}

private function f_cellid_to_RAI(in BssgpCellId cell_id) return RoutingAreaIdentificationV {
	/* mcc_mnc is encoded as of 24.008 10.5.5.15 */
	var BcdMccMnc mcc_mnc := cell_id.ra_id.lai.mcc_mnc;

        var RoutingAreaIdentificationV ret := {
                mccDigit1 := mcc_mnc[0],
                mccDigit2 := mcc_mnc[1],
                mccDigit3 := mcc_mnc[2],
                mncDigit3 := mcc_mnc[3],
                mncDigit1 := mcc_mnc[4],
                mncDigit2 := mcc_mnc[5],
                lac := int2oct(cell_id.ra_id.lai.lac, 16),
                rac := int2oct(cell_id.ra_id.rac, 8)
        }
        return ret;
};

private function f_fix_create_cb(inout BssgpConfig cfg)
{
	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(cfg.bvc); i := i + 1) {
		if (not isbound(cfg.bvc[i].create_cb)) {
			cfg.bvc[i].create_cb := refers(BSSGP_Emulation.DefaultCreateCallback)
		}
	}
}

private function f_init_gb_pcu(inout GbInstance gb, charstring id, integer offset) runs on test_CT {
	var charstring ns_id := id & "-NS(PCU[" & int2str(offset) & "])";
	var charstring bssgp_id := id & "-BSSGP(PCU[" & int2str(offset) & "])";
	gb.vc_NS := NS_CT.create(ns_id);
	gb.vc_BSSGP := BSSGP_CT.create(bssgp_id);
	/* connect lower end of BSSGP emulation with NS upper port */
	connect(gb.vc_BSSGP:BSCP, gb.vc_NS:NS_SP);

	gb.vc_NS.start(NSStart(mp_nsconfig_pcu[offset], ns_id));
	gb.vc_BSSGP.start(BssgpStart(gb.cfg, bssgp_id));

	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(gb.cfg.bvc); i := i + 1) {
		/* obtain the component reference of the BSSGP_BVC_CT for each PTP BVC */
		connect(self:PROC, gb.vc_BSSGP:PROC);
		gb.vc_BSSGP_BVC[i] := f_bssgp_get_bvci_ct(gb.cfg.bvc[i].bvci, PROC);
		disconnect(self:PROC, gb.vc_BSSGP:PROC);
		/* connect all of the per-BVC MGMT ports to our PCU_MGMT port (1:N) */
		connect(self:PCU_MGMT, gb.vc_BSSGP_BVC[i]:MGMT);
	}
	/* connect all of the BSSGP/NSE global MGMT port to our PCU_MGMT port (1:N) */
	connect(self:PCU_MGMT, gb.vc_BSSGP:MGMT);
}

private function f_init_gb_sgsn(inout GbInstance gb, charstring id, integer offset) runs on test_CT {
	var charstring ns_id := id & "-NS(SGSN[" & int2str(offset) & "])";
	var charstring bssgp_id := id & "-BSSGP(SGSN[" & int2str(offset) & "])";
	gb.vc_NS := NS_CT.create(ns_id);
	gb.vc_BSSGP := BSSGP_CT.create(bssgp_id);
	/* connect lower end of BSSGP emulation with NS upper port */
	connect(gb.vc_BSSGP:BSCP, gb.vc_NS:NS_SP);

	gb.vc_NS.start(NSStart(mp_nsconfig_sgsn[offset], ns_id));
	gb.vc_BSSGP.start(BssgpStart(gb.cfg, bssgp_id));

	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(gb.cfg.bvc); i := i + 1) {
		/* obtain the component reference of the BSSGP_BVC_CT for each PTP BVC */
		connect(self:PROC, gb.vc_BSSGP:PROC);
		gb.vc_BSSGP_BVC[i] := f_bssgp_get_bvci_ct(gb.cfg.bvc[i].bvci, PROC);
		disconnect(self:PROC, gb.vc_BSSGP:PROC);
		/* connect all of the per-BVC MGMT ports to our SGSN_MGMT port (1:N) */
		connect(self:SGSN_MGMT, gb.vc_BSSGP_BVC[i]:MGMT);
	}
	/* connect all of the BSSGP/NSE global MGMT port to our SGSN_MGMT port (1:N) */
	connect(self:SGSN_MGMT, gb.vc_BSSGP:MGMT);
}


private function f_destroy_gb(inout GbInstance gb) runs on test_CT {
	gb.vc_NS.stop;
	gb.vc_BSSGP.stop;

	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(gb.cfg.bvc); i := i + 1) {
		gb.vc_BSSGP_BVC[i].stop;
	}
}

private function f_init_vty() runs on test_CT {
	map(self:GBPVTY, system:GBPVTY);
	f_vty_set_prompts(GBPVTY);
	f_vty_transceive(GBPVTY, "enable");
}

type record of integer ro_integer;

private function ro_integer_contains(ro_integer r, integer x) return boolean {
	for (var integer j := 0; j < lengthof(r); j := j+1) {
		if (r[j] == x) {
			return true;
		}
	}
	return false;
}

private type record of ro_integer roro_integer;

/* count the number of unblocked BVCI for each SGSN NSE */
private altstep as_count_unblocked4nse(integer sgsn_idx, inout roro_integer bvci_unblocked)
runs on test_CT {
	var BssgpStatusIndication bsi;
	[] SGSN_MGMT.receive(BssgpStatusIndication:{g_sgsn[sgsn_idx].cfg.nsei, ?, BVC_S_UNBLOCKED}) -> value bsi {
		bvci_unblocked[sgsn_idx] := bvci_unblocked[sgsn_idx] & { bsi.bvci };
		/* 'repeat' until sufficient number of BVC-rest has been received on all SGSNs */
		for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(bvci_unblocked); i := i+1) {
			if (lengthof(bvci_unblocked[i]) < lengthof(g_sgsn[i].cfg.bvc)) {
				repeat;
			}
		}
	}
}

function f_init(float t_guard := 30.0) runs on test_CT {
	var roro_integer bvci_unblocked;
	var BssgpStatusIndication bsi;
	var integer i;

	if (g_initialized == true) {
		return;
	}
	g_initialized := true;

	g_Tguard.start(t_guard);
	activate(as_gTguard(g_Tguard));

	var BssgpBvcConfigs bvcs := { };
	for (i := 0; i < lengthof(mp_gbconfigs); i := i+1) {
		g_pcu[i].cfg := mp_gbconfigs[i];
		/* make sure all have a proper crate_cb, which cannot be specified in config file */
		f_fix_create_cb(g_pcu[i].cfg);
		/* concatenate all the PCU-side BVCs for the SGSN side */
		bvcs := bvcs & g_pcu[i].cfg.bvc;
	}

	for (i := 0; i < lengthof(mp_nsconfig_sgsn); i := i+1) {
		g_sgsn[i].cfg := {
			nsei := mp_nsconfig_sgsn[i].nsei,
			sgsn_role := true,
			bvc := bvcs
		}
	}

	f_init_vty();
	for (i := 0; i < lengthof(mp_nsconfig_sgsn); i := i+1) {
		f_vty_transceive(GBPVTY, "nsvc nsei " & int2str(g_sgsn[i].cfg.nsei) & " force-unconfigured");
	}
	for (i := 0; i < lengthof(mp_nsconfig_pcu); i := i+1) {
		f_vty_transceive(GBPVTY, "nsvc nsei " & int2str(g_pcu[i].cfg.nsei) & " force-unconfigured");
		f_vty_transceive(GBPVTY, "delete-gbproxy-peer " & int2str(g_pcu[i].cfg.nsei) & " only-bvc");
	}

	for (i := 0; i < lengthof(mp_nsconfig_sgsn); i := i+1) {
		f_init_gb_sgsn(g_sgsn[i], "GbProxy_Test", i);
	}
	f_sleep(4.0);
	for (i := 0; i < lengthof(mp_nsconfig_pcu); i := i+1) {
		f_init_gb_pcu(g_pcu[i], "GbProxy_Test", i);
	}

	for (i := 0; i < lengthof(mp_nsconfig_sgsn); i := i+1) {
		bvci_unblocked[i] := {};
	}

	/* wait until all BVC are unblocked on both sides */
	timer T := 15.0;
	T.start;
	alt {
	/* TODO: We need to add more lines if NUM_SGSN increases.  Activating default altsteps
	 * unfortunately doesn't work as we want to access the local variable bvci_unblocked.  */
	[] as_count_unblocked4nse(0, bvci_unblocked);
	[lengthof(g_sgsn) > 1] as_count_unblocked4nse(1, bvci_unblocked);
	[] SGSN_MGMT.receive(BssgpStatusIndication:{*, ?, ?}) {
		repeat;
		}
	[] SGSN_MGMT.receive(BssgpResetIndication:?) {
		repeat;
		}
	[] SGSN_MGMT.receive {
		setverdict(fail, "Received unexpected message on SGSN_MGMT");
		mtc.stop;
		}

	[] PCU_MGMT.receive(BssgpStatusIndication:{*, ?, BVC_S_UNBLOCKED}) -> value bsi {
		repeat;
		}
	[] PCU_MGMT.receive(BssgpStatusIndication:{*, ?, ?}) {
		repeat;
		}
	[] PCU_MGMT.receive(BssgpResetIndication:{0}) {
		repeat;
		}
	[] PCU_MGMT.receive {
		setverdict(fail, "Received unexpected message on PCU_MGMT");
		mtc.stop;
		}

	[] T.timeout {
		setverdict(fail, "Timeout waiting for unblock of all BVCs on SGSN side; ",
			   "unblocked so far: ", bvci_unblocked);
		/* don't stop here but print below analysis */
		}
	}

	for (i := 0; i < lengthof(mp_nsconfig_sgsn); i := i+1) {
		/* iterate over list and check all BVCI */
		for (var integer j := 0; j < lengthof(g_sgsn[i].cfg.bvc); j := j+1) {
			var BssgpBvci bvci := g_sgsn[i].cfg.bvc[j].bvci;
			if (not ro_integer_contains(bvci_unblocked[i], bvci)) {
				setverdict(fail, "SGSN ", i, " BVCI=", bvci, " was not unblocked during start-up");
				mtc.stop;
			}
		}
	}

	/* re-start guard timer after all BVCs are up, so it only counts the actual test case */
	g_Tguard.start(t_guard);
}

function f_cleanup() runs on test_CT {
	var integer i;

	/* To avoid a dynamic test case error we need to prevent messages arriving on unconnected
	 * ports. Waiting here ensures that any messages "in flight" will be delivered to the port
	 * before the component is shutdown and disconnected. */
	f_sleep(0.2);

	for (i := 0; i < lengthof(mp_nsconfig_sgsn); i := i+1) {
		f_destroy_gb(g_sgsn[i]);
	}
	for (i := 0; i < lengthof(mp_nsconfig_pcu); i := i+1) {
		f_destroy_gb(g_pcu[i]);
	}

	Misc_Helpers.f_shutdown(__BFILE__, __LINE__, pass);
}

type function void_fn(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr;

/* helper function to create, connect and start a BSSGP_ConnHdlr component */
function f_start_handler(void_fn fn, charstring id, integer imsi_suffix, float t_guard := 30.0,
			 integer sgsn_idx := 0, integer nri_idx := 0, boolean have_ptmsi := true)
runs on test_CT return BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var BSSGP_ConnHdlr vc_conn;
	var integer nri := mp_sgsn_nri[sgsn_idx][nri_idx];
	var OCT4 p_tmsi := f_gen_tmsi(imsi_suffix, nri_v := nri, nri_bitlen := mp_nri_bitlength);

	var BSSGP_ConnHdlrPars pars := {
		imei := f_gen_imei(imsi_suffix),
		imsi := f_gen_imsi(imsi_suffix),
		msisdn := f_gen_msisdn(imsi_suffix),
		p_tmsi := p_tmsi,
		p_tmsi_sig := omit,
		tlli := f_gprs_tlli_from_tmsi(p_tmsi, TLLI_LOCAL),
		tlli_old := omit,
		ra := omit,
		pcu := g_pcu,
		sgsn := g_sgsn,
		sgsn_idx := sgsn_idx,
		t_guard := t_guard
	};
	if (not have_ptmsi) {
		pars.p_tmsi := omit;
	}

	vc_conn := BSSGP_ConnHdlr.create(id);

	log("Starting ", id, " for SGSN[", sgsn_idx, "], NRI=", nri, ", P-TMSI=", pars.p_tmsi,
	    ", TLLI=", pars.tlli, ", IMSI=", pars.imsi, " on component=", vc_conn);
	vc_conn.start(f_handler_init(fn, id, pars));
	return vc_conn;
}

function f_start_handlers(void_fn fn, charstring id, integer imsi_suffix, float t_guard := 30.0,
			  boolean have_ptmsi := true)
runs on test_CT
{
	var integer sgsn_idx, nri_idx;
	for (sgsn_idx := 0; sgsn_idx < NUM_SGSN; sgsn_idx:=sgsn_idx+1) {
		for (nri_idx := 0; nri_idx < lengthof(mp_sgsn_nri[sgsn_idx]); nri_idx:=nri_idx+1) {
			var integer extd_imsi_suffix := 1000*sgsn_idx + 100*nri_idx;
			var BSSGP_ConnHdlr vc_conn;
			vc_conn := f_start_handler(fn, id, extd_imsi_suffix, t_guard, sgsn_idx, nri_idx,
						   have_ptmsi);
			/* Idea: we could also run them in parallel ? */
			vc_conn.done;
		}
	}
}

/* Connect the PCU-side per-BVC ports (PCU/PCU_SIG/PCU_PROC) array slot 'port_idx' to specified per-BVC component */
private function f_connect_to_pcu_bvc(integer port_idx, integer nse_idx, integer bvc_idx)
runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var BSSGP_BVC_CT bvc_ct := g_pars.pcu[nse_idx].vc_BSSGP_BVC[bvc_idx]
	if (PCU_PTP[port_idx].checkstate("Connected")) {
		/* unregister + disconnect from old BVC */
		f_client_unregister(g_pars.imsi, PCU_PROC[port_idx]);
		disconnect(self:PCU_PTP[port_idx], pcu_ct[port_idx]:BSSGP_SP);
		disconnect(self:PCU_SIG[port_idx], pcu_ct[port_idx]:BSSGP_SP_SIG);
		disconnect(self:PCU_PROC[port_idx], pcu_ct[port_idx]:BSSGP_PROC);
	}
	/* connect to new BVC and register us */
	connect(self:PCU_PTP[port_idx], bvc_ct:BSSGP_SP);
	connect(self:PCU_SIG[port_idx], bvc_ct:BSSGP_SP_SIG);
	connect(self:PCU_PROC[port_idx], bvc_ct:BSSGP_PROC);
	f_client_register(g_pars.imsi, g_pars.tlli, PCU_PROC[port_idx]);
	pcu_ct[port_idx] := bvc_ct;
	pcu_bvc_cfg[port_idx] := g_pars.pcu[nse_idx].cfg.bvc[bvc_idx];
}

/* Connect the SGSN-side per-BVC ports (SGSN/SGSN_SIG/SGSN_PROC) array slot 'port_idx' to specified per-BVC component */
private function f_connect_to_sgsn_bvc(integer port_idx, BSSGP_BVC_CT bvc_ct) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	if (SGSN_PTP[port_idx].checkstate("Connected")) {
		/* unregister + disconnect from old BVC */
		f_client_unregister(g_pars.imsi, SGSN_PROC[port_idx]);
		disconnect(self:SGSN_PTP[port_idx], sgsn_ct[port_idx]:BSSGP_SP);
		disconnect(self:SGSN_SIG[port_idx], sgsn_ct[port_idx]:BSSGP_SP_SIG);
		disconnect(self:SGSN_PROC[port_idx], sgsn_ct[port_idx]:BSSGP_PROC);
	}
	/* connect to new BVC and register us */
	connect(self:SGSN_PTP[port_idx], bvc_ct:BSSGP_SP);
	connect(self:SGSN_SIG[port_idx], bvc_ct:BSSGP_SP_SIG);
	connect(self:SGSN_PROC[port_idx], bvc_ct:BSSGP_PROC);
	f_client_register(g_pars.imsi, g_pars.tlli, SGSN_PROC[port_idx]);
	sgsn_ct[port_idx] := bvc_ct;
}

private altstep as_gTguard(timer Tguard) {
	[] Tguard.timeout {
		setverdict(fail, "Tguard timeout");
		mtc.stop;
	}
}

/* first function called in every ConnHdlr */
private function f_handler_init(void_fn fn, charstring id, BSSGP_ConnHdlrPars pars)
runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var integer i;
	/* do some common stuff like setting up g_pars */
	g_pars := pars;

	llc := f_llc_create(false);

	/* default connections on PCU side: First BVC of each NSE/PCU */
	for (i := 0; i < lengthof(g_pars.pcu); i := i+1) {
		f_connect_to_pcu_bvc(port_idx := i, nse_idx := i, bvc_idx := 0);
	}

	/* default connections on SGSN side: First BVC of each NSE/SGSN */
	for (i := 0; i < lengthof(g_pars.sgsn); i := i+1) {
		f_connect_to_sgsn_bvc(i, g_pars.sgsn[i].vc_BSSGP_BVC[0]);
	}

	g_Tguard.start(pars.t_guard);
	activate(as_gTguard(g_Tguard));

	/* call the user-supplied test case function */
	fn.apply(id);

	for (i := 0; i < NUM_SGSN; i := i+1) {
		if (SGSN_PROC[i].checkstate("Connected")) {
			f_client_unregister(g_pars.imsi, SGSN_PROC[i])
		}
	}

	for (i := 0; i < NUM_PCU; i := i+1) {
		if (PCU_PROC[i].checkstate("Connected")) {
			f_client_unregister(g_pars.imsi, PCU_PROC[i])
		}
	}
}

private function f_client_register(hexstring imsi, OCT4 tlli, BSSGP_PROC_PT PT)
runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	PT.call(BSSGP_register_client:{imsi, tlli}) {
		[] PT.getreply(BSSGP_register_client:{imsi, tlli}) {};
	}
}

private function f_client_unregister(hexstring imsi, BSSGP_PROC_PT PT)
runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	PT.call(BSSGP_unregister_client:{imsi}) {
		[] PT.getreply(BSSGP_unregister_client:{imsi}) {};
	}
}

/* Send 'tx' on PTP-BVCI from PCU; expect 'rx' on SGSN */
friend function f_pcu2sgsn(template (value) PDU_BSSGP tx, template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx,
			   integer pcu_idx := 0, boolean use_sig := false) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var integer sgsn_idx := g_pars.sgsn_idx;
	var PDU_BSSGP rx;
	timer T := 1.0;

	if (use_sig) {
		PCU_SIG[pcu_idx].send(tx);
	} else {
		PCU_PTP[pcu_idx].send(tx);
	}

	T.start;
	alt {
	[use_sig] SGSN_SIG[sgsn_idx].receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(pass);
		}
	[not use_sig] SGSN_PTP[sgsn_idx].receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(pass);
		}
	[] SGSN_PTP[sgsn_idx].receive(PDU_BSSGP:?) -> value rx {
		setverdict(fail, "Unexpected BSSGP on SGSN[", sgsn_idx, "] side: ", rx);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	[] SGSN_SIG[sgsn_idx].receive(PDU_BSSGP:?) -> value rx {
		setverdict(fail, "Unexpected SIG BSSGP on SGSN[", sgsn_idx, "] side: ", rx);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	[] T.timeout {
		setverdict(fail, "Timeout waiting for BSSGP on SGSN[", sgsn_idx, "] side: ", exp_rx);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	}
}

/* Send 'tx' from PCU; expect 'exp_rx' on _any_ SGSN */
friend function f_pcu2any_sgsn(template (value) PDU_BSSGP tx, template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx,
			       integer pcu_idx := 0, boolean use_sig := false)
runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr return integer {
	var integer rx_idx := -1;
	var PDU_BSSGP rx;
	timer T := 1.0;

	if (use_sig) {
		PCU_SIG[pcu_idx].send(tx);
	} else {
		PCU_PTP[pcu_idx].send(tx);
	}

	T.start;
	alt {
	[use_sig] any from SGSN_SIG.receive(exp_rx) -> @index value rx_idx {
		setverdict(pass);
		}
	[not use_sig] any from SGSN_PTP.receive(exp_rx) -> @index value rx_idx {
		setverdict(pass);
		}
	[] any from SGSN_PTP.receive(PDU_BSSGP:?) -> value rx @index value rx_idx {
		setverdict(fail, "Unexpected BSSGP on SGSN[", rx_idx, "] side: ", rx);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	[] any from SGSN_SIG.receive(PDU_BSSGP:?) -> value rx @index value rx_idx {
		setverdict(fail, "Unexpected SIG BSSGP on SGSN[", rx_idx, "] side: ", rx);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	[] T.timeout {
		setverdict(fail, "Timeout waiting for BSSGP on SGSN side: ", exp_rx);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	}
	return rx_idx;
}

/* Send 'tx' on PTP-BVCI from SGSN; expect 'rx' on PCU */
friend function f_sgsn2pcu(template (value) PDU_BSSGP tx, template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx,
			   integer pcu_idx := 0, boolean use_sig := false) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var integer sgsn_idx := g_pars.sgsn_idx;
	var PDU_BSSGP rx;
	timer T := 1.0;

	if (use_sig) {
		SGSN_SIG[sgsn_idx].send(tx);
	} else {
		SGSN_PTP[sgsn_idx].send(tx);
	}

	T.start;
	alt {
	[use_sig] PCU_SIG[pcu_idx].receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(pass);
		}
	[not use_sig] PCU_PTP[pcu_idx].receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(pass);
		}
	[] PCU_PTP[pcu_idx].receive(PDU_BSSGP:?) -> value rx {
		setverdict(fail, "Unexpected BSSGP on PCU side: ", rx);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	[] PCU_SIG[pcu_idx].receive(PDU_BSSGP:?) -> value rx {
		setverdict(fail, "Unexpected SIG BSSGP on PCU side: ", rx);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	[] T.timeout {
		setverdict(fail, "Timeout waiting for BSSGP on PCU side: ", exp_rx);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	}
}

/***********************************************************************
 * GlobaLTest_CT: Using the per-NSE GLOBAL ports on PCU + SGSN side
 ***********************************************************************/

type component GlobalTest_CT extends test_CT {
	port BSSGP_PT G_PCU[NUM_PCU];
	var integer  g_pcu_idx[NUM_PCU];	/* BVC index currently connected to G_PCU */
	port BSSGP_PT G_SGSN[NUM_SGSN];
	var integer  g_sgsn_idx[NUM_SGSN];	/* BVC index currently connected to G_SGSN */
	port BSSGP_PT RIM_PCU[NUM_PCU];
	port BSSGP_PT RIM_SGSN[NUM_SGSN];
};

/* connect the signaling BVC of each NSE to the G_PCU / G_SGSN ports */
private function f_global_init() runs on GlobalTest_CT {
	var integer i;
	for (i := 0; i < lengthof(g_sgsn); i := i+1) {
		connect(self:G_SGSN[i], g_sgsn[i].vc_BSSGP:GLOBAL);
		connect(self:RIM_SGSN[i], g_sgsn[i].vc_BSSGP:RIM);
	}
	for (i := 0; i < lengthof(g_pcu); i := i+1) {
		connect(self:G_PCU[i], g_pcu[i].vc_BSSGP:GLOBAL);
		connect(self:RIM_PCU[i], g_pcu[i].vc_BSSGP:RIM);
	}
}

/* connect the first PTP BVC of each NSE to the G_PCU / G_SGSN ports */
private function f_global_init_ptp() runs on GlobalTest_CT {
	var integer i;
	for (i := 0; i < lengthof(g_sgsn); i := i+1) {
		log("Connecting G_SGSN[", i, "] to BVCI=", g_sgsn[i].cfg.bvc[0].bvci);
		connect(self:G_SGSN[i], g_sgsn[i].vc_BSSGP_BVC[0]:GLOBAL);
		g_sgsn_idx[i] := 0;
	}
	for (i := 0; i < lengthof(g_pcu); i := i+1) {
		log("Connecting G_PCU[", i, "] to BVCI=", g_pcu[i].cfg.bvc[0].bvci);
		connect(self:G_PCU[i], g_pcu[i].vc_BSSGP_BVC[0]:GLOBAL);
		g_pcu_idx[i] := 0;
	}
}

/* (re)connect G_SGSN[sgsn_idx] to a specific PTP BVCI */
private function f_global_ptp_connect_sgsn_bvci(integer sgsn_idx, BssgpBvci bvci) runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var integer sgsn_bvc_idx := get_bvc_idx_for_bvci(g_sgsn[sgsn_idx], bvci);
	var integer old_sgsn_bvc_idx := g_sgsn_idx[sgsn_idx];
	disconnect(self:G_SGSN[sgsn_idx], g_sgsn[sgsn_idx].vc_BSSGP_BVC[old_sgsn_bvc_idx]:GLOBAL);
	connect(self:G_SGSN[sgsn_idx], g_sgsn[sgsn_idx].vc_BSSGP_BVC[sgsn_bvc_idx]:GLOBAL);
	g_sgsn_idx[sgsn_idx] := sgsn_bvc_idx;
}

/* (re)connect G_PCU[pcu_idx] to a specific PTP BVCI */
private function f_global_ptp_connect_pcu_bvci(integer pcu_idx, BssgpBvci bvci) runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var integer pcu_bvc_idx := get_bvc_idx_for_bvci(g_pcu[pcu_idx], bvci);
	var integer old_pcu_bvc_idx := g_pcu_idx[pcu_idx];
	disconnect(self:G_PCU[pcu_idx], g_pcu[pcu_idx].vc_BSSGP_BVC[old_pcu_bvc_idx]:GLOBAL);
	connect(self:G_PCU[pcu_idx], g_pcu[pcu_idx].vc_BSSGP_BVC[pcu_bvc_idx]:GLOBAL);
	g_pcu_idx[pcu_idx] := pcu_bvc_idx;
}

/* Send 'tx' on PTP-BVCI from PCU; expect 'rx' on SGSN */
friend function f_global_pcu2sgsn(template (value) PDU_BSSGP tx, template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx,
				  integer pcu_idx := 0, integer sgsn_idx := 0) runs on GlobalTest_CT {
	var integer rx_idx;
	var PDU_BSSGP rx;
	timer T := 1.0;

	G_PCU[pcu_idx].send(tx);
	T.start;
	alt {
	[] G_SGSN[sgsn_idx].receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(pass);
		}
	[] any from G_SGSN.receive(exp_rx) -> @index value rx_idx {
		setverdict(fail, "BSSGP arrived on wrong SGSN[", rx_idx, "] instead of SGSN[", sgsn_idx, "]");
		}
	[] G_SGSN[sgsn_idx].receive(PDU_BSSGP:?) -> value rx {
		setverdict(fail, "Unexpected BSSGP on SGSN side: ", rx);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	[] T.timeout {
		setverdict(fail, "Timeout waiting for BSSGP on SGSN side: ", exp_rx);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	}
}

/* Send 'tx' on PTP-BVCI from SGSN; expect 'rx' on PCU */
friend function f_global_sgsn2pcu(template (value) PDU_BSSGP tx, template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx,
				  integer sgsn_idx := 0, integer pcu_idx := 0) runs on GlobalTest_CT {
	var integer rx_idx;
	var PDU_BSSGP rx;
	timer T := 1.0;

	G_SGSN[sgsn_idx].send(tx);
	T.start;
	alt {
	[] G_PCU[pcu_idx].receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(pass);
		}
	[] any from G_PCU.receive(exp_rx) -> @index value rx_idx {
		setverdict(fail, "BSSGP arrived on wrong PCU[", rx_idx, "] instead of PCU[", pcu_idx, "]");
		}
	[] G_PCU[pcu_idx].receive(PDU_BSSGP:?) -> value rx {
		setverdict(fail, "Unexpected BSSGP on PCU side: ", rx);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	[] T.timeout {
		setverdict(fail, "Timeout waiting for BSSGP on PCU side: ", exp_rx);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	}
}


/* TODO:
   * Detach without Attach
   * SM procedures without attach / RAU
   * ATTACH / RAU
   ** with / without authentication
   ** with / without P-TMSI allocation
   * re-transmissions of LLC frames
   * PDP Context activation
   ** with different GGSN config in SGSN VTY
   ** with different PDP context type (v4/v6/v46)
   ** timeout from GGSN
   ** multiple / secondary PDP context
 */

private function f_TC_BVC_bringup(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	f_sleep(5.0);
	setverdict(pass);
}

testcase TC_BVC_bringup() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_BVC_bringup), testcasename(), 51);
	f_cleanup();
}

friend function f_bssgp_suspend(integer ran_idx := 0) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr return OCT1 {
	var BssgpBvcConfig bvcc := g_pars.pcu[ran_idx].cfg.bvc[0];
	timer T := 5.0;
	var PDU_BSSGP rx_pdu;
	PCU_SIG[ran_idx].send(ts_BSSGP_SUSPEND(g_pars.tlli, bvcc.cell_id.ra_id));
	T.start;
	alt {
	[] PCU_SIG[ran_idx].receive(tr_BSSGP_SUSPEND_ACK(g_pars.tlli, bvcc.cell_id.ra_id, ?)) -> value rx_pdu {
		return rx_pdu.pDU_BSSGP_SUSPEND_ACK.suspend_Reference_Number.suspend_Reference_Number_value;
		}
	[] PCU_SIG[ran_idx].receive(tr_BSSGP_SUSPEND_NACK(g_pars.tlli, bvcc.cell_id.ra_id, ?)) -> value rx_pdu {
		setverdict(fail, "SUSPEND-NACK in response to SUSPEND for TLLI ", g_pars.tlli);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	[] T.timeout {
		setverdict(fail, "No SUSPEND-ACK in response to SUSPEND for TLLI ", g_pars.tlli);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	}
	return '00'O;
}

friend function f_bssgp_resume(OCT1 susp_ref, integer ran_idx := 0) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var BssgpBvcConfig bvcc := g_pars.pcu[ran_idx].cfg.bvc[0];
	timer T := 5.0;
	PCU_SIG[ran_idx].send(ts_BSSGP_RESUME(g_pars.tlli, bvcc.cell_id.ra_id, susp_ref));
	T.start;
	alt {
	[] PCU_SIG[ran_idx].receive(tr_BSSGP_RESUME_ACK(g_pars.tlli, bvcc.cell_id.ra_id));
	[] PCU_SIG[ran_idx].receive(tr_BSSGP_RESUME_NACK(g_pars.tlli, bvcc.cell_id.ra_id, ?)) {
		setverdict(fail, "RESUME-NACK in response to RESUME for TLLI ", g_pars.tlli);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	[] T.timeout {
		setverdict(fail, "No RESUME-ACK in response to SUSPEND for TLLI ", g_pars.tlli);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	}
}


/* send uplink-unitdata of a variety of different sizes; expect it to show up on SGSN */
private function f_TC_ul_unitdata(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var integer ran_idx := 0;
	var BssgpBvcConfig bvcc := g_pars.pcu[ran_idx].cfg.bvc[0];
	var integer i;

	for (i := 0; i < max_fr_info_size-4; i := i+4) {
		var octetstring payload := f_rnd_octstring(i);
		var template (value) PDU_BSSGP pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_UL_UD(g_pars.tlli, bvcc.cell_id, payload);
		/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
		var template (present) PDU_BSSGP pdu_rx := tr_BSSGP_UL_UD(g_pars.tlli, bvcc.cell_id, payload);

		log("UL-UNITDATA(payload_size=", i);
		f_pcu2sgsn(pdu_tx, pdu_rx);
	}
	setverdict(pass);
}

testcase TC_ul_unitdata() runs on test_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_ul_unitdata), testcasename(), 1);
	/* TODO: start multiple handlers (UEs) on various cells on same and other NSEs */
	f_cleanup();
}

/* send downlink-unitdata of a variety of different sizes; expect it to show up on PCU */
private function f_TC_dl_unitdata(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var integer i;

	for (i := 0; i < max_fr_info_size-4; i := i+4) {
		var octetstring payload := f_rnd_octstring(i);
		var template (value) PDU_BSSGP pdu_tx :=
			ts_BSSGP_DL_UD(g_pars.tlli, payload, omit, ts_BSSGP_IMSI(g_pars.imsi));
		/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
		var template (present) PDU_BSSGP pdu_rx :=
			tr_BSSGP_DL_UD(g_pars.tlli, payload, tr_BSSGP_IMSI(g_pars.imsi));

		log("DL-UNITDATA(payload_size=", i);
		f_sgsn2pcu(pdu_tx, pdu_rx);
	}
	setverdict(pass);
}

testcase TC_dl_unitdata() runs on test_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_dl_unitdata), testcasename(), 2);
	/* TODO: start multiple handlers (UEs) on various cells on same and other NSEs */
	f_cleanup();
}

private function f_TC_ra_capability(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var integer i;

	for (i := 0; i < 10; i := i+1) {
		var template (value) PDU_BSSGP pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_RA_CAP(g_pars.tlli, { ts_RaCapRec_BSSGP });
		/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
		var template (present) PDU_BSSGP pdu_rx := tr_BSSGP_RA_CAP(g_pars.tlli, { tr_RaCapRec_BSSGP })

		f_sgsn2pcu(pdu_tx, pdu_rx);
	}
	setverdict(pass);
}
testcase TC_ra_capability() runs on test_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_ra_capability), testcasename(), 3);
	/* TODO: start multiple handlers (UEs) on various cells on same and other NSEs */
	f_cleanup();
}

private function f_TC_ra_capability_upd(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var integer i;
	var OCT1 tag;
	for (i := 0; i < 10; i := i+1) {
		tag := int2oct(23 + i, 1);
		var template (value) PDU_BSSGP pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_RA_CAP_UPD(g_pars.tlli, tag);
		/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
		var template (present) PDU_BSSGP pdu_rx := tr_BSSGP_RA_CAP_UPD(g_pars.tlli, tag)

		f_pcu2sgsn(pdu_tx, pdu_rx);

		pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_RA_CAP_UPD_ACK(g_pars.tlli, tag, '42'O);
		/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
		pdu_rx := tr_BSSGP_RA_CAP_UPD_ACK(g_pars.tlli, tag, '42'O)

		f_sgsn2pcu(pdu_tx, pdu_rx);
	}
	setverdict(pass);
}
testcase TC_ra_capability_upd() runs on test_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_ra_capability_upd), testcasename(), 4);
	/* TODO: start multiple handlers (UEs) on various cells on same and other NSEs */
	f_cleanup();
}

private function f_TC_radio_status(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var integer i;
	var BssgpRadioCause cause := BSSGP_RADIO_CAUSE_CONTACT_LOST;
	for (i := 0; i < 10; i := i+1) {
		var template (value) PDU_BSSGP pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_RADIO_STATUS(g_pars.tlli, cause);
		/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
		var template (present) PDU_BSSGP pdu_rx := tr_BSSGP_RADIO_STATUS(g_pars.tlli, cause)

		f_pcu2sgsn(pdu_tx, pdu_rx);
	}
	setverdict(pass);
}
testcase TC_radio_status() runs on test_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_radio_status), testcasename(), 5);
	/* TODO: start multiple handlers (UEs) on various cells on same and other NSEs */
	f_cleanup();
}

private function f_TC_radio_status_tmsi(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var integer i;
	var BssgpRadioCause cause := BSSGP_RADIO_CAUSE_CONTACT_LOST;
	for (i := 0; i < 10; i := i+1) {
		var integer tmsi_int := oct2int(g_pars.p_tmsi);
		var template (value) PDU_BSSGP pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_RADIO_STATUS(omit, cause, tmsi_int);
		/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
		var template (present) PDU_BSSGP pdu_rx := tr_BSSGP_RADIO_STATUS(omit, cause, tmsi_int);
		f_pcu2sgsn(pdu_tx, pdu_rx);
	}
	setverdict(pass);
}
testcase TC_radio_status_tmsi() runs on test_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_radio_status_tmsi), testcasename(), 5);
	f_cleanup();
}

private function f_TC_radio_status_imsi(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var integer i;
	var BssgpRadioCause cause := BSSGP_RADIO_CAUSE_CONTACT_LOST;
	for (i := 0; i < 10; i := i+1) {
		var template (value) PDU_BSSGP pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_RADIO_STATUS(omit, cause, imsi := g_pars.imsi);
		/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
		var template (present) PDU_BSSGP pdu_rx := tr_BSSGP_RADIO_STATUS(omit, cause, imsi := g_pars.imsi);
		f_pcu2any_sgsn(pdu_tx, pdu_rx);
	}
	setverdict(pass);
}
testcase TC_radio_status_imsi() runs on test_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_radio_status_imsi), testcasename(), 5);
	f_cleanup();
}



private function f_suspend_one(integer sgsn_idx, integer nri_idx, integer pcu_idx, integer bvc_idx,
				integer suffix)
runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var RoutingAreaIdentification ra_id := g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.bvc[bvc_idx].cell_id.ra_id;
	var OCT4 p_tmsi := f_gen_tmsi(suffix, nri_v := mp_sgsn_nri[sgsn_idx][nri_idx],
				      nri_bitlen := mp_nri_bitlength);
	var OCT4 tlli := f_gprs_tlli_from_tmsi(p_tmsi, TLLI_LOCAL);
	var template (value) PDU_BSSGP pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_SUSPEND(tlli, ra_id);
	/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
	var template (present) PDU_BSSGP pdu_rx := tr_BSSGP_SUSPEND(tlli, ra_id);
	f_global_pcu2sgsn(pdu_tx, pdu_rx, pcu_idx, sgsn_idx);

	pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_SUSPEND_ACK(tlli, ra_id, int2oct(suffix, 1));
	/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
	pdu_rx := tr_BSSGP_SUSPEND_ACK(tlli, ra_id, int2oct(suffix, 1));
	f_global_sgsn2pcu(pdu_tx, pdu_rx, sgsn_idx, pcu_idx);

	pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_SUSPEND(tlli, ra_id);
	/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
	pdu_rx := tr_BSSGP_SUSPEND(tlli, ra_id);
	f_global_pcu2sgsn(pdu_tx, pdu_rx, pcu_idx, sgsn_idx);

	/* These messages are simple passed through so just also test sending NACK */
	pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_SUSPEND_NACK(tlli, ra_id, BSSGP_CAUSE_UNKNOWN_MS);
	/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
	pdu_rx := tr_BSSGP_SUSPEND_NACK(tlli, ra_id, BSSGP_CAUSE_UNKNOWN_MS);
	f_global_sgsn2pcu(pdu_tx, pdu_rx, sgsn_idx, pcu_idx);
}

private function f_TC_suspend(integer sgsn_idx, integer nri_idx, integer pcu_idx, integer bvc_idx)
runs on GlobalTest_CT {
	var integer i;

	for (i := 0; i < 10; i := i+1) {
		f_suspend_one(sgsn_idx, nri_idx, pcu_idx, bvc_idx, suffix := i);
	}
	setverdict(pass);
}
testcase TC_suspend() runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var integer sgsn_idx, nri_idx;
	f_init();
	f_global_init();
	for (sgsn_idx := 0; sgsn_idx < NUM_SGSN; sgsn_idx := sgsn_idx+1) {
		for (nri_idx := 0; nri_idx < lengthof(mp_sgsn_nri[sgsn_idx]); nri_idx := nri_idx+1) {
			f_TC_suspend(sgsn_idx, nri_idx, pcu_idx:=0, bvc_idx:=0);
		}
	}
	f_cleanup();
}

private function f_resume_one(integer sgsn_idx, integer nri_idx, integer pcu_idx, integer bvc_idx,
			      integer suffix)
runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var RoutingAreaIdentification	ra_id := g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.bvc[bvc_idx].cell_id.ra_id;
	var OCT4 p_tmsi := f_gen_tmsi(suffix, nri_v := mp_sgsn_nri[sgsn_idx][nri_idx],
				      nri_bitlen := mp_nri_bitlength);
	var OCT4 tlli := f_gprs_tlli_from_tmsi(p_tmsi, TLLI_LOCAL);
	var template (value) PDU_BSSGP pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_RESUME(tlli, ra_id, int2oct(suffix, 1));
	/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
	var template (present) PDU_BSSGP pdu_rx := tr_BSSGP_RESUME(tlli, ra_id, int2oct(suffix, 1));
	f_global_pcu2sgsn(pdu_tx, pdu_rx, pcu_idx, sgsn_idx);

	pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_RESUME_ACK(tlli, ra_id);
	/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
	pdu_rx := tr_BSSGP_RESUME_ACK(tlli, ra_id);
	f_global_sgsn2pcu(pdu_tx, pdu_rx, sgsn_idx, pcu_idx);

	pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_RESUME(tlli, ra_id, int2oct(suffix, 1));
	/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
	pdu_rx := tr_BSSGP_RESUME(tlli, ra_id, int2oct(suffix, 1));
	f_global_pcu2sgsn(pdu_tx, pdu_rx, pcu_idx, sgsn_idx);

	/* These messages are simple passed through so just also test sending NACK */
	pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_RESUME_NACK(tlli, ra_id, BSSGP_CAUSE_UNKNOWN_MS);
	/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
	pdu_rx := tr_BSSGP_RESUME_NACK(tlli, ra_id, BSSGP_CAUSE_UNKNOWN_MS);
	f_global_sgsn2pcu(pdu_tx, pdu_rx, sgsn_idx, pcu_idx);
}

private function f_TC_resume(integer sgsn_idx, integer nri_idx, integer pcu_idx, integer bvc_idx)
runs on GlobalTest_CT {
	var integer i;

	for (i := 0; i < 10; i := i+1) {
		f_resume_one(sgsn_idx, nri_idx, pcu_idx, bvc_idx, suffix := i);
	}
	setverdict(pass);
}
testcase TC_resume() runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var integer sgsn_idx, nri_idx;
	f_init();
	f_global_init();
	for (sgsn_idx := 0; sgsn_idx < NUM_SGSN; sgsn_idx := sgsn_idx+1) {
		for (nri_idx := 0; nri_idx < lengthof(mp_sgsn_nri[sgsn_idx]); nri_idx := nri_idx+1) {
			f_TC_resume(sgsn_idx, nri_idx, pcu_idx:=0, bvc_idx:=0);
		}
	}
	f_cleanup();
}

/* test the load-sharing between multiple NS-VC on the BSS side */
private function f_TC_dl_ud_unidir(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var integer i;

	for (i := 0; i < 10; i := i+1) {
		var octetstring payload := f_rnd_octstring(i);
		var template (value) PDU_BSSGP pdu_tx :=
			ts_BSSGP_DL_UD(g_pars.tlli, payload, omit, ts_BSSGP_IMSI(g_pars.imsi));
		SGSN_PTP[g_pars.sgsn_idx].send(pdu_tx);
	}
	setverdict(pass);
}

private function f_TC_load_sharing_dl(integer sgsn_idx) runs on test_CT_NS
{
	const integer num_ue := 10;
	var BSSGP_ConnHdlr vc_conn[num_ue];
	/* all BVC are now fully brought up.  We disconnect BSSGP from NS on the BSS
	 * side so we get the raw NsUnitdataIndication and hence observe different
	 * NSVCI */
	disconnect(g_pcu[0].vc_NS:NS_SP, g_pcu[0].vc_BSSGP:BSCP);
	connect(g_pcu[0].vc_NS:NS_SP, self:NS);

	/* there may still be some NS-VCs coming up? After all, the BVC-RESET succeeds after the first
	 * of the NS-VC is ALIVE/UNBLOCKED */
	f_sleep(3.0);

	/* start parallel components generating DL-UNITDATA from the SGSN side */
	for (var integer i:= 0; i < num_ue; i := i+1) {
		vc_conn[i] := f_start_handler(refers(f_TC_dl_ud_unidir), testcasename(),
						5+i, 30.0, sgsn_idx);
	}

	/* now start counting all the messages that were queued before */
	/* TODO: We have a hard-coded assumption of 4 NS-VC in one NSE/NS-VCG here! */
	var ro_integer rx_count := { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
	timer T := 2.0;
	T.start;
	alt {
	[] as_NsUdiCount(0, rx_count);
	[] as_NsUdiCount(1, rx_count);
	[] as_NsUdiCount(2, rx_count);
	[] as_NsUdiCount(3, rx_count);
	[] NS.receive(NsUnitdataIndication:{0,?,?,*,*}) { repeat; } /* signaling BVC */
	[] NS.receive(NsStatusIndication:?) { repeat; }
	[] NS.receive {
		setverdict(fail, "Rx unexpected NS");
		mtc.stop;
		}
	[] T.timeout {
		}
	}
	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(rx_count); i := i+1) {
		log("Rx on NSVCI ", mp_nsconfig_pcu[0].nsvc[i].nsvci, ": ", rx_count[i]);
		if (rx_count[i] == 0) {
			setverdict(fail, "Data not shared over all NSVC");
		}
	}
}

testcase TC_load_sharing_dl() runs on test_CT_NS
{
	var integer sgsn_idx, nri_idx;
	f_init();
	for (sgsn_idx:=0; sgsn_idx < NUM_SGSN; sgsn_idx:=sgsn_idx+1) {
		f_TC_load_sharing_dl(sgsn_idx);
	}
	setverdict(pass);
}
private altstep as_NsUdiCount(integer nsvc_idx, inout ro_integer roi) runs on test_CT_NS {
	var NsUnitdataIndication udi;
	var BssgpBvcConfig bvcc := g_pcu[0].cfg.bvc[0];
	[] NS.receive(NsUnitdataIndication:{bvcc.bvci, g_pcu[0].cfg.nsei, mp_nsconfig_pcu[0].nsvc[nsvc_idx].nsvci, *, *}) -> value udi {
		roi[nsvc_idx] := roi[nsvc_idx] + 1;
		repeat;
		}
}
type component test_CT_NS extends test_CT {
	port NS_PT NS;
};


/***********************************************************************
 * PAGING PS procedure
 ***********************************************************************/

private function f_send_paging_ps(template (value) Paging_Field4 p4, integer sgsn_idx := 0,
				boolean use_sig := false)
runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr return template (present) PDU_BSSGP {
	var template (value) PDU_BSSGP pdu_tx;
	var template (present) PDU_BSSGP pdu_rx;
	/* we always specify '0' as BVCI in the templates below, as we override it with
	 * 'p4' later anyway */
	pdu_rx := tr_BSSGP_PS_PAGING(0);
	pdu_rx.pDU_BSSGP_PAGING_PS.iMSI := tr_BSSGP_IMSI(g_pars.imsi);
	if (ispresent(g_pars.p_tmsi)) {
		pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_PS_PAGING_PTMSI(0, g_pars.imsi, oct2int(g_pars.p_tmsi));
		pdu_rx.pDU_BSSGP_PAGING_PS.pTMSI := tr_BSSGP_TMSI(oct2int(g_pars.p_tmsi));
	} else {
		pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_PS_PAGING_IMSI(0, g_pars.imsi);
		pdu_rx.pDU_BSSGP_PAGING_PS.pTMSI := omit;
	}
	pdu_tx.pDU_BSSGP_PAGING_PS.paging_Field4 := p4;
	pdu_rx.pDU_BSSGP_PAGING_PS.paging_Field4 := p4;
	if (use_sig == false) {
		SGSN_PTP[sgsn_idx].send(pdu_tx);
	} else {
		SGSN_SIG[sgsn_idx].send(pdu_tx);
	}
	return pdu_rx;
}

/* send paging defined by 'p4' on given SGSN-side index (ptp or signaling) and expect one paging to arrive on
 * specified PCU index */
private function f_send_paging_ps_exp_one_bss(template (value) Paging_Field4 p4, integer sgsn_idx := 0,
					      boolean use_sig := false,integer pcu_idx := 0)
runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx;
	var boolean test_done := false;
	/* doesn't really make sense: Sending to a single BVCI means the message ends up
	 * at that BVC (cell) only, and paging all over the BSS area is not possible */
	exp_rx := f_send_paging_ps(p4, sgsn_idx, use_sig);
	/* Expect paging to propagate to the one BSS addressed by the BVCI only */
	timer T := 2.0;
	T.start;
	alt {
	[not use_sig and not test_done] PCU_PTP[pcu_idx].receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(pass);
		test_done := true;
		repeat;
		}
	[not use_sig] PCU_SIG[pcu_idx].receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(fail, "Received paging on SIGNALING BVC, expected PTP BVC");
		}
	[use_sig and not test_done] PCU_SIG[pcu_idx].receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(pass);
		test_done := true;
		repeat;
		}
	[use_sig] PCU_PTP[pcu_idx].receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(fail, "Received paging on PTP BVC, expected SIGNALING BVC");
		}
	[] any from PCU_PTP.receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(fail, "Paging received on unexpected BVC");
		}
	[] any from PCU_SIG.receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(fail, "Paging received on unexpected BVC");
		}
	[] any from PCU_PTP.receive(PDU_BSSGP:{pDU_BSSGP_PAGING_PS:=?}) {
		setverdict(fail, "Different Paging than expected received PTP BVC");
		}
	[] any from PCU_SIG.receive(PDU_BSSGP:{pDU_BSSGP_PAGING_PS:=?}) {
		setverdict(fail, "Different Paging than expected on SIGNALING BVC");
		}
	[not test_done] T.timeout {
		setverdict(fail, "Timeout waiting for paging");
	}
	[test_done] T.timeout;
	}
}

/* send a PS-PAGING but don't expect it to show up on any PTP or SIG BVC */
private function f_send_paging_ps_exp_no_bss(template (value) Paging_Field4 p4, integer sgsn_idx := 0,
					      boolean use_sig := false)
runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx;
	exp_rx := f_send_paging_ps(p4, sgsn_idx, use_sig);
	/* Expect paging to propagate to no BSS */
	timer T := 2.0;
	T.start;
	alt {
	[] any from PCU_PTP.receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(fail, "Paging received on unexpected BVC");
		}
	[] any from PCU_SIG.receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(fail, "Paging received on unexpected BVC");
		}
	[] any from PCU_PTP.receive(PDU_BSSGP:{pDU_BSSGP_PAGING_PS:=?}) {
		setverdict(fail, "Different Paging received on PTP BVC");
		}
	[] any from PCU_SIG.receive(PDU_BSSGP:{pDU_BSSGP_PAGING_PS:=?}) {
		setverdict(fail, "Different Paging received on SIGNALING BVC");
		}
	[] T.timeout {
		setverdict(pass);
		}
	}
}

private function f_TC_paging_ps_ptp_bss(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	/* doesn't really make sense: Sending to a single BVCI means the message ends up
	 * at that BVC (cell) only, and paging all over the BSS area is not possible */
	f_send_paging_ps_exp_one_bss(ts_BssgpP4BssArea, 0, false, 0);
}
testcase TC_paging_ps_ptp_bss() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_ps_ptp_bss), testcasename(), 9);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* PS-PAGING on PTP-BVC for Location Area */
private function f_TC_paging_ps_ptp_lac(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	var template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx;
	/* doesn't really make sense: Sending to a single BVCI means the message ends up
	 * at that BVC (cell) only, and paging all over the BSS area is not possible */
	f_send_paging_ps_exp_one_bss(ts_BssgpP4LAC(pcu_bvc_cfg[0].cell_id.ra_id.lai), 0, false, 0);
}
testcase TC_paging_ps_ptp_lac() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_ps_ptp_lac), testcasename(), 10);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* PS-PAGING on PTP-BVC for unknown Location Area */
private function f_TC_paging_ps_ptp_lac_unknown(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	var GSM_Types.LocationAreaIdentification unknown_la := {
		mcc_mnc := '567F99'H,
		lac := 33333
	};
	/* as it's sent on the PTP BVC, we expect it to pass even for unknown LAC */
	f_send_paging_ps_exp_one_bss(ts_BssgpP4LAC(unknown_la), 0, false, 0);
}
testcase TC_paging_ps_ptp_lac_unknown() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_ps_ptp_lac_unknown), testcasename(), 11);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* PS-PAGING on PTP-BVC for Routeing Area */
private function f_TC_paging_ps_ptp_rac(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	/* doesn't really make sense: Sending to a single BVCI means the message ends up
	 * at that BVC (cell) only, and paging all over the BSS area is not possible */
	f_send_paging_ps_exp_one_bss(ts_BssgpP4RAC(pcu_bvc_cfg[0].cell_id.ra_id), 0, false, 0);
}
testcase TC_paging_ps_ptp_rac() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_ps_ptp_rac), testcasename(), 11);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* PS-PAGING on PTP-BVC for unknown Routeing Area */
private function f_TC_paging_ps_ptp_rac_unknown(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	var RoutingAreaIdentification unknown_ra := {
		lai := {
			mcc_mnc := '567F99'H,
			lac := 33333
		},
		rac := 254
	};
	/* as it's sent on the PTP BVC, we expect it to pass even for unknown RAC */
	f_send_paging_ps_exp_one_bss(ts_BssgpP4RAC(unknown_ra), 0, false, 0);
}
testcase TC_paging_ps_ptp_rac_unknown() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_ps_ptp_rac_unknown), testcasename(), 11);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* PS-PAGING on PTP-BVC for BVCI (one cell) */
private function f_TC_paging_ps_ptp_bvci(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	/* this should be the normal case for MS in READY MM state after a lower layer failure */
	f_send_paging_ps_exp_one_bss(ts_BssgpP4Bvci(pcu_bvc_cfg[0].bvci), 0, false, 0);
}
testcase TC_paging_ps_ptp_bvci() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_ps_ptp_bvci), testcasename(), 12);
	f_cleanup();
}


/* PS-PAGING on PTP-BVC for BVCI (one cell) using IMSI only (no P-TMSI allocated) */
testcase TC_paging_ps_ptp_bvci_imsi() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_ps_ptp_bvci), testcasename(), 12, have_ptmsi:=false);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* Rejected PS-PAGING on PTP-BVC for BVCI (one cell) */
testcase TC_paging_ps_reject_ptp_bvci() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_ps_reject_ptp_bvci), testcasename(), 16);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* Rejected PS-PAGING on PTP-BVC for BVCI (one cell) using IMSI only (no P-TMSI allocated) */
private function f_TC_paging_ps_reject_ptp_bvci(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	/* first send the PS-PAGING from SGSN -> PCU */
	f_send_paging_ps_exp_one_bss(ts_BssgpP4Bvci(pcu_bvc_cfg[0].bvci), 0, false, 0);
	/* then simulate the PS-PAGING-REJECT from the PCU */
	f_send_paging_ps_rej(use_sig:=false);
}
testcase TC_paging_ps_reject_ptp_bvci_imsi() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_ps_reject_ptp_bvci), testcasename(), 16, have_ptmsi:=false);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* PS-PAGING on PTP-BVC for unknown BVCI */
private function f_TC_paging_ps_ptp_bvci_unknown(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	/* as it's sent on the PTP BVC, we expect it to pass even for unknown BVCI */
	f_send_paging_ps_exp_one_bss(ts_BssgpP4Bvci(33333), 0, false, 0);
}
testcase TC_paging_ps_ptp_bvci_unknown() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_ps_ptp_bvci_unknown), testcasename(), 11);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* DUMMY PAGING PS on PTP BVC */
private function f_TC_dummy_paging_ps_ptp(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	f_sgsn2pcu(ts_BSSGP_DUMMY_PAGING_PS(g_pars.imsi, omit),
		   tr_BSSGP_DUMMY_PAGING_PS(g_pars.imsi, omit), use_sig := false);
	f_pcu2sgsn(ts_BSSGP_DUMMY_PAGING_PS_RESP(g_pars.imsi, 1, 5),
		   tr_BSSGP_DUMMY_PAGING_PS_RESP(g_pars.imsi, 1, 5), use_sig := false)
}
testcase TC_dummy_paging_ps_ptp() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_dummy_paging_ps_ptp), testcasename(), 11);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* altstep for expecting BSSGP PDU on signaling BVC of given pcu_idx + storing in 'roi' */
private altstep as_paging_sig_pcu(integer pcu_idx, template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx, inout ro_integer roi)
runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
[] PCU_SIG[pcu_idx].receive(exp_rx) {
	if (ro_integer_contains(roi, pcu_idx)) {
		setverdict(fail, "Received multiple paging on same SIG BVC");
	}
	roi := roi & { pcu_idx };
	repeat;
	}
[] PCU_PTP[pcu_idx].receive(exp_rx) {
	setverdict(fail, "Received paging on PTP BVC, expected SIGNALING BVC");
	}
[] PCU_SIG[pcu_idx].receive(PDU_BSSGP:{pDU_BSSGP_PAGING_PS:=?}) {
	setverdict(fail, "Different Paging than expected received SIGNALING BVC");
	}
[] PCU_PTP[pcu_idx].receive(PDU_BSSGP:{pDU_BSSGP_PAGING_PS:=?}) {
	setverdict(fail, "Different Paging than expected received PTP BVC");
	}
}

type record of default ro_default;

/* send PS-PAGING on SIG BVC, expect it to arrive on given list of PCU indexes */
private function f_send_paging_ps_exp_multi(template (value) Paging_Field4 p4, integer sgsn_idx := 0,
					    ro_integer exp_on_pcu_idx) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	var template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx;
	exp_rx := f_send_paging_ps(p4, sgsn_idx, true);

	/* FIXME: make sure the relevant BVCs/BSS are connected to the ports! */
	var ro_default defaults := {};
	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(mp_nsconfig_pcu); i := i+1) {
		var default d := activate(as_paging_sig_pcu(i, exp_rx, g_roi));
		defaults := defaults & { d };
	}
	f_sleep(2.0);
	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(defaults); i := i+1) {
		deactivate(defaults[i]);
	}
	log("Paging received on PCU ", g_roi);

	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(mp_nsconfig_pcu); i := i+1) {
		var boolean rx_on_i := ro_integer_contains(g_roi, i);
		var boolean exp_on_i := ro_integer_contains(exp_on_pcu_idx, i);
		if (exp_on_i and not rx_on_i) {
			setverdict(fail, "PS-PAGING not received on ", mp_nsconfig_pcu[i].nsei);
		}
		if (not exp_on_i and rx_on_i) {
			setverdict(fail, "PS-PAGING not expected but received on ", mp_nsconfig_pcu[i].nsei);
		}
	}
	setverdict(pass);
}

/* Send PAGING-PS-REJECT on SIG BVC, expect it to arrive on the "right" SGSN */
private function f_send_paging_ps_rej(boolean use_sig := true, integer pcu_idx := 0) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	var template (value) PDU_BSSGP pdu_tx;
	var template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx;
	var PDU_BSSGP pdu_rx;
	timer T := 5.0;
	var template (omit) GsmTmsi tmsi_int := omit;

	if (ispresent(g_pars.p_tmsi)) {
		tmsi_int := oct2int(g_pars.p_tmsi);
	}

	pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_PAGING_PS_REJ(g_pars.imsi, 23, 42, tmsi_int);
	exp_rx := tr_BSSGP_PAGING_PS_REJ(g_pars.imsi, 23, 42, tmsi_int);

	if (use_sig) {
		PCU_SIG[pcu_idx].send(pdu_tx);
	} else {
		PCU_PTP[pcu_idx].send(pdu_tx);
	}
	T.start;
	alt {
	[use_sig] SGSN_SIG[g_pars.sgsn_idx].receive(exp_rx) -> value pdu_rx {
		setverdict(pass);
		}
	[use_sig] SGSN_SIG[g_pars.sgsn_idx].receive {
		setverdict(fail, "Unexpected PDU on SGSN");
		}
	[use_sig] any from SGSN_SIG.receive(exp_rx) -> value pdu_rx {
		setverdict(fail, "PAGING-PS-REJECT arrived on wrong SGSN");
		}
	[not use_sig] SGSN_PTP[g_pars.sgsn_idx].receive(exp_rx) -> value pdu_rx {
		setverdict(pass);
		}
	[not use_sig] SGSN_PTP[g_pars.sgsn_idx].receive {
		setverdict(fail, "Unexpected PDU on SGSN");
		}
	[not use_sig] any from SGSN_PTP.receive(exp_rx) -> value pdu_rx {
		setverdict(fail, "PAGING-PS-REJECT arrived on wrong SGSN");
		}
	[] T.timeout {
		setverdict(fail, "Timeout waiting for PAGING-PS-REJECT");
		}
	}
}

/* PS-PAGING on SIG-BVC for BSS Area */
private function f_TC_paging_ps_sig_bss(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	/* we expect the paging to arrive on all three NSE */
	f_send_paging_ps_exp_multi(ts_BssgpP4BssArea, g_pars.sgsn_idx, {0, 1, 2});
}
testcase TC_paging_ps_sig_bss() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_ps_sig_bss), testcasename(), 13);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* PS-PAGING on SIG-BVC for Location Area */
private function f_TC_paging_ps_sig_lac(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	/* The first LAC (13135) is shared by all three NSEs */
	f_send_paging_ps_exp_multi(ts_BssgpP4LAC(pcu_bvc_cfg[0].cell_id.ra_id.lai), g_pars.sgsn_idx, {0, 1, 2});
	/* Reset state */
	g_roi := {};
	/* Make LAC (13300) available on pcu index 2 */
	f_connect_to_pcu_bvc(port_idx := 2, nse_idx := 2, bvc_idx := 1);
	f_send_paging_ps_exp_multi(ts_BssgpP4LAC(pcu_bvc_cfg[2].cell_id.ra_id.lai), g_pars.sgsn_idx, {2});
}
testcase TC_paging_ps_sig_lac() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_ps_sig_lac), testcasename(), 14);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* PS-PAGING on SIG-BVC for unknown Location Area */
private function f_TC_paging_ps_sig_lac_unknown(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	var GSM_Types.LocationAreaIdentification unknown_la := {
		mcc_mnc := '567F99'H,
		lac := 33333
	};
	f_send_paging_ps_exp_no_bss(ts_BssgpP4LAC(unknown_la), 0, true);
}
testcase TC_paging_ps_sig_lac_unknown() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_ps_sig_lac_unknown), testcasename(), 11);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* PS-PAGING on SIG-BVC for Routeing Area */
private function f_TC_paging_ps_sig_rac(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	/* Only PCU index 0 has a matching BVC with the RA ID */
	f_send_paging_ps_exp_multi(ts_BssgpP4RAC(pcu_bvc_cfg[0].cell_id.ra_id), g_pars.sgsn_idx, {0});
	g_roi := {};
	/* PCU index 1 and 2 have a matching BVC with the RA ID */
	f_send_paging_ps_exp_multi(ts_BssgpP4RAC(pcu_bvc_cfg[2].cell_id.ra_id), g_pars.sgsn_idx, {1, 2});
	g_roi := {};
	/* PCU index 2 has two matching BVCs with the RA ID */
	f_connect_to_pcu_bvc(port_idx := 2, nse_idx := 2, bvc_idx := 1);
	f_send_paging_ps_exp_multi(ts_BssgpP4RAC(pcu_bvc_cfg[2].cell_id.ra_id), g_pars.sgsn_idx, {2});
}
testcase TC_paging_ps_sig_rac() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_ps_sig_rac), testcasename(), 15);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* PS-PAGING on SIG-BVC for unknown Routeing Area */
private function f_TC_paging_ps_sig_rac_unknown(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	var RoutingAreaIdentification unknown_ra := {
		lai := {
			mcc_mnc := '567F99'H,
			lac := 33333
		},
		rac := 254
	};
	f_send_paging_ps_exp_no_bss(ts_BssgpP4RAC(unknown_ra), 0, true);
}
testcase TC_paging_ps_sig_rac_unknown() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_ps_sig_rac_unknown), testcasename(), 11);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* PS-PAGING on SIG-BVC for BVCI (one cell) */
private function f_TC_paging_ps_sig_bvci(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	f_send_paging_ps_exp_multi(ts_BssgpP4Bvci(pcu_bvc_cfg[0].bvci), g_pars.sgsn_idx, {0});
}
testcase TC_paging_ps_sig_bvci() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_ps_sig_bvci), testcasename(), 16);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* PS-PAGING on SIG-BVC for BVCI (one cell) using IMSI only (no P-TMSI allocated) */
testcase TC_paging_ps_sig_bvci_imsi() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_ps_sig_bvci), testcasename(), 16, have_ptmsi:=false);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* Rejected PS-PAGING on SIG-BVC for BVCI (one cell) */
private function f_TC_paging_ps_reject_sig_bvci(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	/* first send the PS-PAGING from SGSN -> PCU */
	f_send_paging_ps_exp_multi(ts_BssgpP4Bvci(pcu_bvc_cfg[0].bvci), g_pars.sgsn_idx, {0});
	/* then simulate the PS-PAGING-REJECT from the PCU */
	f_send_paging_ps_rej(use_sig:=true);

}
testcase TC_paging_ps_reject_sig_bvci() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_ps_reject_sig_bvci), testcasename(), 16);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* Rejected PS-PAGING on SIG-BVC for BVCI (one cell) using IMSI only (no P-TMSI allocated) */
testcase TC_paging_ps_reject_sig_bvci_imsi() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_ps_reject_sig_bvci), testcasename(), 16, have_ptmsi:=false);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* PS-PAGING on SIG-BVC for unknown BVCI */
private function f_TC_paging_ps_sig_bvci_unknown(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	f_send_paging_ps_exp_no_bss(ts_BssgpP4Bvci(33333), 0, true);
}
testcase TC_paging_ps_sig_bvci_unknown() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_ps_sig_bvci_unknown), testcasename(), 11);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* DUMMY PAGING PS on SIG BVC */
private function f_TC_dummy_paging_ps_sig(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	f_sgsn2pcu(ts_BSSGP_DUMMY_PAGING_PS(g_pars.imsi, omit),
		   tr_BSSGP_DUMMY_PAGING_PS(g_pars.imsi, omit), use_sig := true);
	f_pcu2sgsn(ts_BSSGP_DUMMY_PAGING_PS_RESP(g_pars.imsi, 1, 5),
		   tr_BSSGP_DUMMY_PAGING_PS_RESP(g_pars.imsi, 1, 5), use_sig := true)
}
testcase TC_dummy_paging_ps_sig() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_dummy_paging_ps_sig), testcasename(), 11);
	f_cleanup();
}



/***********************************************************************
 * PAGING CS procedure
 ***********************************************************************/

private function f_send_paging_cs(template (value) Paging_Field4 p4, integer sgsn_idx := 0,
				  boolean use_sig := false)
runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr return template (present) PDU_BSSGP {
	var template (value) PDU_BSSGP pdu_tx;
	var template (present) PDU_BSSGP pdu_rx;
	/* we always specify '0' as BVCI in the templates below, as we override it with
	 * 'p4' later anyway */
	pdu_rx := tr_BSSGP_CS_PAGING(0);
	pdu_rx.pDU_BSSGP_PAGING_CS.iMSI := tr_BSSGP_IMSI(g_pars.imsi);
	if (ispresent(g_pars.p_tmsi)) {
		pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_CS_PAGING_PTMSI(0, g_pars.imsi, oct2int(g_pars.p_tmsi));
		pdu_rx.pDU_BSSGP_PAGING_CS.tMSI := tr_BSSGP_TMSI(oct2int(g_pars.p_tmsi));
	} else {
		pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_CS_PAGING_IMSI(0, g_pars.imsi);
		pdu_rx.pDU_BSSGP_PAGING_CS.tMSI := omit;
	}
	pdu_tx.pDU_BSSGP_PAGING_CS.paging_Field4 := p4;
	pdu_rx.pDU_BSSGP_PAGING_CS.paging_Field4 := p4;
	if (use_sig == false) {
		SGSN_PTP[sgsn_idx].send(pdu_tx);
	} else {
		SGSN_SIG[sgsn_idx].send(pdu_tx);
	}
	return pdu_rx;
}

/* send paging defined by 'p4' on given SGSN-side index (ptp or signaling) and expect one paging to arrive on
 * specified PCU index */
private function f_send_paging_cs_exp_one_bss(template (value) Paging_Field4 p4, integer sgsn_idx := 0,
					      boolean use_sig := false,integer pcu_idx := 0)
runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx;
	var boolean test_done := false;
	/* doesn't really make sense: Sending to a single BVCI means the message ends up
	 * at that BVC (cell) only, and paging all over the BSS area is not possible */
	exp_rx := f_send_paging_cs(p4, sgsn_idx, use_sig);
	/* Expect paging to propagate to the one BSS addressed by the BVCI only */
	timer T := 2.0;
	T.start;
	alt {
	[not use_sig and not test_done] PCU_PTP[pcu_idx].receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(pass);
		test_done := true;
		repeat;
		}
	[not use_sig] PCU_SIG[pcu_idx].receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(fail, "Received paging on SIGNALING BVC, expected PTP BVC");
		}
	[use_sig and not test_done] PCU_SIG[pcu_idx].receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(pass);
		test_done := true;
		repeat;
		}
	[use_sig] PCU_PTP[pcu_idx].receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(fail, "Received paging on PTP BVC, expected SIGNALING BVC");
		}
	[] any from PCU_PTP.receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(fail, "Paging received on unexpected BVC");
		}
	[] any from PCU_SIG.receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(fail, "Paging received on unexpected BVC");
		}
	[] any from PCU_PTP.receive(PDU_BSSGP:{pDU_BSSGP_PAGING_CS:=?}) {
		setverdict(fail, "Different Paging than expected received PTP BVC");
		}
	[] any from PCU_SIG.receive(PDU_BSSGP:{pDU_BSSGP_PAGING_CS:=?}) {
		setverdict(fail, "Different Paging than expected on SIGNALING BVC");
		}
	[not test_done] T.timeout {
		setverdict(fail, "Timeout while waiting for paging")
	}
	[test_done] T.timeout;
	}
}

/* send a CS-PAGING but don't expect it to show up on any PTP or SIG BVC */
private function f_send_paging_cs_exp_no_bss(template (value) Paging_Field4 p4, integer sgsn_idx := 0,
					      boolean use_sig := false)
runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx;
	exp_rx := f_send_paging_cs(p4, sgsn_idx, use_sig);
	/* Expect paging to propagate to no BSS */
	timer T := 2.0;
	T.start;
	alt {
	[] any from PCU_PTP.receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(fail, "Paging received on unexpected BVC");
		}
	[] any from PCU_SIG.receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(fail, "Paging received on unexpected BVC");
		}
	[] any from PCU_PTP.receive(PDU_BSSGP:{pDU_BSSGP_PAGING_CS:=?}) {
		setverdict(fail, "Different Paging received on PTP BVC");
		}
	[] any from PCU_SIG.receive(PDU_BSSGP:{pDU_BSSGP_PAGING_CS:=?}) {
		setverdict(fail, "Different Paging received on SIGNALING BVC");
		}
	[] T.timeout {
		setverdict(pass);
		}
	}
}

private function f_TC_paging_cs_ptp_bss(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	/* doesn't really make sense: Sending to a single BVCI means the message ends up
	 * at that BVC (cell) only, and paging all over the BSS area is not possible */
	f_send_paging_cs_exp_one_bss(ts_BssgpP4BssArea, 0, false, 0);
}
testcase TC_paging_cs_ptp_bss() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_cs_ptp_bss), testcasename(), 17);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* CS-PAGING on PTP-BVC for Location Area */
private function f_TC_paging_cs_ptp_lac(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	var template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx;
	/* doesn't really make sense: Sending to a single BVCI means the message ends up
	 * at that BVC (cell) only, and paging all over the BSS area is not possible */
	f_send_paging_cs_exp_one_bss(ts_BssgpP4LAC(pcu_bvc_cfg[0].cell_id.ra_id.lai), 0, false, 0);
}
testcase TC_paging_cs_ptp_lac() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_cs_ptp_lac), testcasename(), 18);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* CS-PAGING on PTP-BVC for unknown Location Area */
private function f_TC_paging_cs_ptp_lac_unknown(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	var GSM_Types.LocationAreaIdentification unknown_la := {
		mcc_mnc := '567F99'H,
		lac := 33333
	};
	/* as it's sent on the PTP BVC, we expect it to pass even for unknown LAC */
	f_send_paging_cs_exp_one_bss(ts_BssgpP4LAC(unknown_la), 0, false, 0);
}
testcase TC_paging_cs_ptp_lac_unknown() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_cs_ptp_lac_unknown), testcasename(), 11);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* CS-PAGING on PTP-BVC for Routeing Area */
private function f_TC_paging_cs_ptp_rac(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	/* doesn't really make sense: Sending to a single BVCI means the message ends up
	 * at that BVC (cell) only, and paging all over the BSS area is not possible */
	f_send_paging_cs_exp_one_bss(ts_BssgpP4RAC(pcu_bvc_cfg[0].cell_id.ra_id), 0, false, 0);
}
testcase TC_paging_cs_ptp_rac() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_cs_ptp_rac), testcasename(), 19);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* CS-PAGING on PTP-BVC for unknown Routeing Area */
private function f_TC_paging_cs_ptp_rac_unknown(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	var RoutingAreaIdentification unknown_ra := {
		lai := {
			mcc_mnc := '567F99'H,
			lac := 33333
		},
		rac := 254
	};
	/* as it's sent on the PTP BVC, we expect it to pass even for unknown RAC */
	f_send_paging_cs_exp_one_bss(ts_BssgpP4RAC(unknown_ra), 0, false, 0);
}
testcase TC_paging_cs_ptp_rac_unknown() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_cs_ptp_rac_unknown), testcasename(), 11);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* CS-PAGING on PTP-BVC for BVCI (one cell) */
private function f_TC_paging_cs_ptp_bvci(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	/* this should be the normal case for MS in READY MM state after a lower layer failure */
	f_send_paging_cs_exp_one_bss(ts_BssgpP4Bvci(pcu_bvc_cfg[0].bvci), 0, false, 0);
}
testcase TC_paging_cs_ptp_bvci() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_cs_ptp_bvci), testcasename(), 20);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* CS-PAGING on PTP-BVC for unknown BVCI */
private function f_TC_paging_cs_ptp_bvci_unknown(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	/* as it's sent on the PTP BVC, we expect it to pass even for unknown BVCI */
	f_send_paging_cs_exp_one_bss(ts_BssgpP4Bvci(33333), 0, false, 0);
}
testcase TC_paging_cs_ptp_bvci_unknown() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_cs_ptp_bvci_unknown), testcasename(), 11);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* send CS-PAGING on SIG BVC, expect it to arrive on given list of PCU indexes */
private function f_send_paging_cs_exp_multi(template (value) Paging_Field4 p4, integer sgsn_idx := 0,
					    ro_integer exp_on_pcu_idx) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	var template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx;
	exp_rx := f_send_paging_cs(p4, 0, true);

	/* FIXME: make sure the relevant BVCs/BSS are connected to the ports! */
	var ro_default defaults := {};
	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(mp_nsconfig_pcu); i := i+1) {
		var default d := activate(as_paging_sig_pcu(i, exp_rx, g_roi));
		defaults := defaults & { d };
	}
	f_sleep(2.0);
	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(defaults); i := i+1) {
		deactivate(defaults[i]);
	}
	log("Paging received on PCU ", g_roi);

	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(mp_nsconfig_pcu); i := i+1) {
		var boolean rx_on_i := ro_integer_contains(g_roi, i);
		var boolean exp_on_i := ro_integer_contains(exp_on_pcu_idx, i);
		if (exp_on_i and not rx_on_i) {
			setverdict(fail, "PS-PAGING not received on ", mp_nsconfig_pcu[i].nsei);
		}
		if (not exp_on_i and rx_on_i) {
			setverdict(fail, "PS-PAGING not expected but received on ", mp_nsconfig_pcu[i].nsei);
		}
	}
	setverdict(pass);
}

/* CS-PAGING on SIG-BVC for BSS Area */
private function f_TC_paging_cs_sig_bss(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	/* we expect the paging to arrive on all three NSE */
	f_send_paging_cs_exp_multi(ts_BssgpP4BssArea, 0, {0, 1, 2});
}
testcase TC_paging_cs_sig_bss() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_cs_sig_bss), testcasename(), 13);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* CS-PAGING on SIG-BVC for Location Area */
private function f_TC_paging_cs_sig_lac(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	/* The first LAC (13135) is shared by all three NSEs */
	f_send_paging_cs_exp_multi(ts_BssgpP4LAC(pcu_bvc_cfg[0].cell_id.ra_id.lai), 0, {0, 1, 2});
	/* Reset state */
	g_roi := {};
	/* Make LAC (13300) available on pcu index 2 */
	f_connect_to_pcu_bvc(port_idx := 2, nse_idx := 2, bvc_idx := 1);
	f_send_paging_cs_exp_multi(ts_BssgpP4LAC(pcu_bvc_cfg[2].cell_id.ra_id.lai), 0, {2});
}
testcase TC_paging_cs_sig_lac() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_cs_sig_lac), testcasename(), 14);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* CS-PAGING on SIG-BVC for unknown Location Area */
private function f_TC_paging_cs_sig_lac_unknown(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	var GSM_Types.LocationAreaIdentification unknown_la := {
		mcc_mnc := '567F99'H,
		lac := 33333
	};
	f_send_paging_cs_exp_no_bss(ts_BssgpP4LAC(unknown_la), 0, true);
}
testcase TC_paging_cs_sig_lac_unknown() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_cs_sig_lac_unknown), testcasename(), 11);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* CS-PAGING on SIG-BVC for Routeing Area */
private function f_TC_paging_cs_sig_rac(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	/* Only PCU index 0 has a matching BVC with the RA ID */
	f_send_paging_cs_exp_multi(ts_BssgpP4RAC(pcu_bvc_cfg[0].cell_id.ra_id), 0, {0});
	g_roi := {};
	/* PCU index 1 and 2 have a matching BVC with the RA ID */
	f_send_paging_cs_exp_multi(ts_BssgpP4RAC(pcu_bvc_cfg[2].cell_id.ra_id), 0, {1, 2});
	g_roi := {};
	/* PCU index 2 has two matching BVCs with the RA ID */
	f_connect_to_pcu_bvc(port_idx := 2, nse_idx := 2, bvc_idx := 1);
	f_send_paging_cs_exp_multi(ts_BssgpP4RAC(pcu_bvc_cfg[2].cell_id.ra_id), 0, {2});
}
testcase TC_paging_cs_sig_rac() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_cs_sig_rac), testcasename(), 15);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* CS-PAGING on SIG-BVC for unknown Routeing Area */
private function f_TC_paging_cs_sig_rac_unknown(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	var RoutingAreaIdentification unknown_ra := {
		lai := {
			mcc_mnc := '567F99'H,
			lac := 33333
		},
		rac := 254
	};
	f_send_paging_cs_exp_no_bss(ts_BssgpP4RAC(unknown_ra), 0, true);
}
testcase TC_paging_cs_sig_rac_unknown() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_cs_sig_rac_unknown), testcasename(), 11);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* CS-PAGING on SIG-BVC for BVCI (one cell) */
private function f_TC_paging_cs_sig_bvci(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	f_send_paging_cs_exp_multi(ts_BssgpP4Bvci(pcu_bvc_cfg[0].bvci), 0, {0});
}
testcase TC_paging_cs_sig_bvci() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_cs_sig_bvci), testcasename(), 16);
	f_cleanup();
}

/* CS-PAGING on SIG-BVC for unknown BVCI */
private function f_TC_paging_cs_sig_bvci_unknown(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	f_send_paging_cs_exp_no_bss(ts_BssgpP4Bvci(33333), 0, true);
}
testcase TC_paging_cs_sig_bvci_unknown() runs on test_CT {
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_paging_cs_sig_bvci_unknown), testcasename(), 11);
	f_cleanup();
}

/***********************************************************************
 * FLUSH-LL procedure
 ***********************************************************************/

private function f_TC_flush_ll(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var BssgpBvci bvci := g_pars.pcu[0].cfg.bvc[0].bvci;
	var integer i;
	for (i := 0; i < 10; i := i+1) {
		var template (value) PDU_BSSGP pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_FLUSH_LL(g_pars.tlli, bvci, bvci_new := bvci);
		/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
		var template (present) PDU_BSSGP pdu_rx := tr_BSSGP_FLUSH_LL(g_pars.tlli, bvci, bvci_new := bvci);

		f_sgsn2pcu(pdu_tx, pdu_rx, use_sig := true);

		pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_FLUSH_LL_ACK(g_pars.tlli, int2oct(0, 1), 23, bvci_new := bvci);
		/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
		pdu_rx := tr_BSSGP_FLUSH_LL_ACK(g_pars.tlli, int2oct(0, 1), 23, bvci_new := bvci);

		f_pcu2sgsn(pdu_tx, pdu_rx, use_sig := true);
	}
	setverdict(pass);
}
testcase TC_flush_ll() runs on test_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_flush_ll), testcasename(), 6);
	/* TODO: start multiple handlers (UEs) on various cells on same and other NSEs */
	f_cleanup();
}

/***********************************************************************
 * SGSN-INVOKE-TRACE procedure
 ***********************************************************************/

private altstep as_bssgp_g_pcu_count(integer pcu_idx, template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx, inout ro_integer roi)
runs on GlobalTest_CT {
[] G_PCU[pcu_idx].receive(exp_rx) from g_pcu[pcu_idx].vc_BSSGP {
	if (ro_integer_contains(roi, pcu_idx)) {
		setverdict(fail, "Received multiple on same SIG BVC");
	}
	roi := roi & { pcu_idx };
	repeat;
	}
}
/* send a INVOKE-TRACE from SGSN and expect to receive a copy on each NSE */
testcase TC_trace() runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var BSSGP_ConnHdlr vc_conn;
	f_init();
	f_global_init();

	var template (value) PDU_BSSGP pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_INVOKE_TRACE('23'O, '4321'O);
	var template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx := ts_BSSGP_INVOKE_TRACE('23'O, '4321'O);

	var ro_default defaults := {};
	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(g_pcu); i := i+1) {
		activate(as_bssgp_g_pcu_count(i, exp_rx, g_roi));
	}
	G_SGSN[0].send(pdu_tx);
	f_sleep(2.0);
	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(defaults); i := i+1) {
		deactivate(defaults[i]);
	}

	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(g_pcu); i := i+1) {
		if (not ro_integer_contains(g_roi, i)) {
			setverdict(fail, "Failed to receive TRACE on PCU index ", i);
		}
	}
	setverdict(pass);

	f_cleanup();
}

/***********************************************************************
 * LLC-DISCARDED procedure
 ***********************************************************************/

private function f_TC_llc_discarded(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var BssgpBvci bvci := g_pars.pcu[0].cfg.bvc[0].bvci;

	var template (value) PDU_BSSGP pdu_tx := ts_BSSGP_LLC_DISCARDED(g_pars.tlli, 23, bvci, 2342);
	/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
	var template (present) PDU_BSSGP pdu_rx := tr_BSSGP_LLC_DISCARDED(g_pars.tlli, 23, bvci, 2342);

	f_pcu2sgsn(pdu_tx, pdu_rx, use_sig := true);

	setverdict(pass);
}
/* Send a LLC-DISCARDED from BSS side and expect it to show up on SGSN (SIG BVC) */
testcase TC_llc_discarded() runs on test_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_llc_discarded), testcasename(), 6);
	/* TODO: start multiple handlers (UEs) on various cells on same and other NSEs */
	f_cleanup();
}

/***********************************************************************
 * OVERLOAD procedure
 ***********************************************************************/

/* Send an OVERLOAD from SGSN side and expect it to show up on each PCU (SIG BVC) */
testcase TC_overload() runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_global_init();

	var template (value) PDU_BSSGP pdu_tx := ts_OVERLOAD('1'B);
	var template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx := tr_OVERLOAD('1'B);

	var ro_default defaults := {};
	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(g_pcu); i := i+1) {
		activate(as_bssgp_g_pcu_count(i, exp_rx, g_roi));
	}
	G_SGSN[0].send(pdu_tx);
	f_sleep(2.0);
	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(defaults); i := i+1) {
		deactivate(defaults[i]);
	}

	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(g_pcu); i := i+1) {
		if (not ro_integer_contains(g_roi, i)) {
			setverdict(fail, "Failed to receive OVERLOAD on PCU index ", i);
		}
	}
	setverdict(pass);

	f_cleanup();
}

/***********************************************************************
 * BVC-BLOCK / BVC-UNBLOCK procedure
 ***********************************************************************/

private function f_block_ptp_bvc_from_pcu(integer pcu_idx, integer bvc_idx) runs on test_CT
{
	var BSSGP_BVC_CT bvc_ct := g_pcu[pcu_idx].vc_BSSGP_BVC[bvc_idx];
	var BssgpBvcConfig bvc_cfg := g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.bvc[bvc_idx];
	var Nsei nsei_pcu := g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.nsei;

	SGSN_MGMT.clear;
	PCU_MGMT.clear;

	/* block the PTP BVC from the PCU side */
	PCU_MGMT.send(BssgpBlockRequest:{cause:=BSSGP_CAUSE_OM_INTERVENTION}) to bvc_ct;
	/* expect state on both PCU and SGSN side to change */
	interleave {
	[] PCU_MGMT.receive(tr_BssgpStsInd(nsei_pcu, bvc_cfg.bvci, BVC_S_BLOCKED)) from bvc_ct;
	[] SGSN_MGMT.receive(tr_BssgpStsInd(*, bvc_cfg.bvci, BVC_S_BLOCKED));
	}
	setverdict(pass);
}
testcase TC_bvc_block_ptp() runs on test_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_sleep(1.0);
	f_block_ptp_bvc_from_pcu(0, 0);
	f_cleanup();
}

private function f_unblock_ptp_bvc_from_pcu(integer pcu_idx, integer bvc_idx) runs on test_CT
{
	var BSSGP_BVC_CT bvc_ct := g_pcu[pcu_idx].vc_BSSGP_BVC[bvc_idx];
	var BssgpBvcConfig bvc_cfg := g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.bvc[bvc_idx];
	var Nsei nsei_pcu := g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.nsei;

	SGSN_MGMT.clear;
	PCU_MGMT.clear;

	/* block the PTP BVC from the PCU side */
	PCU_MGMT.send(BssgpUnblockRequest:{}) to bvc_ct;
	/* expect state on both PCU and SGSN side to change */
	interleave {
	[] PCU_MGMT.receive(tr_BssgpStsInd(nsei_pcu, bvc_cfg.bvci, BVC_S_UNBLOCKED)) from bvc_ct;
	[] SGSN_MGMT.receive(tr_BssgpStsInd(*, bvc_cfg.bvci, BVC_S_UNBLOCKED));
	}
	setverdict(pass);
}
testcase TC_bvc_unblock_ptp() runs on test_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_sleep(1.0);
	f_block_ptp_bvc_from_pcu(0, 0);
	f_sleep(1.0);
	f_unblock_ptp_bvc_from_pcu(0, 0);
	f_cleanup();
}

/***********************************************************************
 * BVC-RESET procedure
 ***********************************************************************/

private altstep as_ignore_status(BSSGP_BVC_MGMT_PT pt) {
[] pt.receive(BssgpStatusIndication:?) { repeat; }
}
private function f_get_sgsn_bvc_ct(integer sgsn_idx, BssgpBvci bvci) runs on test_CT return BSSGP_BVC_CT {
	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(g_sgsn[sgsn_idx].cfg.bvc); i := i+1) {
		if (g_sgsn[sgsn_idx].cfg.bvc[i].bvci == bvci) {
			return g_sgsn[sgsn_idx].vc_BSSGP_BVC[i];
		}
	}
	return null;
}
private function f_reset_ptp_bvc_from_pcu(integer pcu_idx, integer bvc_idx) runs on test_CT
{
	var BSSGP_BVC_CT pcu_bvc_ct := g_pcu[pcu_idx].vc_BSSGP_BVC[bvc_idx];
	var BssgpBvcConfig bvc_cfg := g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.bvc[bvc_idx];
	var Nsei nsei_pcu := g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.nsei;
	var BSSGP_BVC_CT sgsn_bvc_ct := f_get_sgsn_bvc_ct(0, bvc_cfg.bvci);
	var default d;

	SGSN_MGMT.clear;
	PCU_MGMT.clear;

	/* block the PTP BVC from the PCU side */
	PCU_MGMT.send(BssgpResetRequest:{cause:=BSSGP_CAUSE_OM_INTERVENTION}) to pcu_bvc_ct;
	/* expect state on both PCU and SGSN side to change */
	d := activate(as_ignore_status(SGSN_MGMT));
	interleave {
	[] PCU_MGMT.receive(tr_BssgpStsInd(nsei_pcu, bvc_cfg.bvci, BVC_S_BLOCKED)) from pcu_bvc_ct;
	[] SGSN_MGMT.receive(BssgpResetIndication:{bvc_cfg.bvci}) from sgsn_bvc_ct;
	}
	deactivate(d);
	setverdict(pass);
}
/* Send a BVC-RESET for a PTP BVC from the BSS side: expect it to propagate */
testcase TC_bvc_reset_ptp_from_bss() runs on test_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_sleep(3.0);
	f_reset_ptp_bvc_from_pcu(0, 0);
	f_cleanup();
}

private altstep as_count_bvc_block(integer sgsn_idx, BssgpBvci bvci, inout ro_integer roi)
runs on test_CT {
	var BSSGP_BVC_CT sgsn_bvc_ct := f_get_sgsn_bvc_ct(sgsn_idx, bvci);
	[] SGSN_MGMT.receive(tr_BssgpStsInd(?, bvci, BVC_S_BLOCKED)) from sgsn_bvc_ct {
		roi := roi & { bvci };
		repeat;
	}
}
/* reset the signaling BVC from one BSS; expect no signaling BVC reset on SGSN; but BVC-BLOCK for PTP */
testcase TC_bvc_reset_sig_from_bss() runs on test_CT {

	f_init();
	f_sleep(3.0);

	/* Start BVC-RESET procedure for BVCI=0 */
	PCU_MGMT.send(BssgpResetRequest:{cause:=BSSGP_CAUSE_OM_INTERVENTION}) to g_pcu[0].vc_BSSGP;

	/* Activate altsteps: One for each PTP BVC within that PCUs NSE */
	var ro_default defaults := {};
	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(g_pcu[0].cfg.bvc); i := i+1) {
		var BssgpBvcConfig bvcc := g_pcu[0].cfg.bvc[i];
		var default d := activate(as_count_bvc_block(0, bvcc.bvci, g_roi));
		defaults := defaults & { d };
	}

	timer T := 3.0;
	T.start;
	alt {
	[] SGSN_MGMT.receive(BssgpResetIndication:{0}) {
		setverdict(fail, "BSS-side Reset of BVCI=0 should not propagate");
		}
	[] T.timeout;
	}

	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(defaults); i := i+1) {
		deactivate(defaults[i]);
	}

	/* check if BVC-block was received on all expected BVC */
	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(g_pcu[0].cfg.bvc); i := i+1) {
		var BssgpBvcConfig bvcc := g_pcu[0].cfg.bvc[i];
		if (not ro_integer_contains(g_roi, bvcc.bvci)) {
			setverdict(fail, "Missing SGSN-side BVC-BLOCK of BVCI=", bvcc.bvci);
		}
	}

	/* check if BVC-block was not received on any unexpected BVC is not required as
	 * such a message would basically run into 'no matching clause'  */
	setverdict(pass);
	f_cleanup();
}

private function f_reset_ptp_bvc_from_sgsn(integer pcu_idx, integer bvc_idx) runs on test_CT
{
	var BSSGP_BVC_CT pcu_bvc_ct := g_pcu[pcu_idx].vc_BSSGP_BVC[bvc_idx];
	var BssgpBvcConfig bvc_cfg := g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.bvc[bvc_idx];
	var Nsei nsei_pcu := g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.nsei;
	var BSSGP_BVC_CT sgsn_bvc_ct := f_get_sgsn_bvc_ct(0, bvc_cfg.bvci);
	var default d;

	SGSN_MGMT.clear;
	PCU_MGMT.clear;

	/* block the PTP BVC from the PCU side */
	SGSN_MGMT.send(BssgpResetRequest:{cause:=BSSGP_CAUSE_OM_INTERVENTION}) to sgsn_bvc_ct;
	/* expect state on both PCU and SGSN side to change */
	d := activate(as_ignore_status(PCU_MGMT));
	interleave {
	[] SGSN_MGMT.receive(tr_BssgpStsInd(?, bvc_cfg.bvci, BVC_S_BLOCKED)) from sgsn_bvc_ct;
	[] PCU_MGMT.receive(BssgpResetIndication:{bvc_cfg.bvci}) from pcu_bvc_ct;
	}
	deactivate(d);
	setverdict(pass);
}
/* Send a BVC-RESET for a PTP BVC from the SGSN side: expect it to propagate */
testcase TC_bvc_reset_ptp_from_sgsn() runs on test_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_sleep(3.0);
	f_reset_ptp_bvc_from_sgsn(0, 0);
	f_cleanup();
}

private altstep as_ignore_mgmt(BSSGP_BVC_MGMT_PT pt) {
	[] pt.receive {repeat; }
}

private altstep as_count_bvc0_block(integer pcu_idx, Nsei nsei, inout ro_integer roi)
runs on test_CT {
	var BSSGP_CT pcu_ct := g_pcu[pcu_idx].vc_BSSGP;
	[] PCU_MGMT.receive(BssgpResetIndication:{0}) from pcu_ct {
		roi := roi & { nsei };
		repeat;
	}
}

/* reset the signaling BVC from the SGSN; expect all signaling BVC on all BSS to be reset */
testcase TC_bvc_reset_sig_from_sgsn() runs on test_CT {

	f_init();
	f_sleep(3.0);

	SGSN_MGMT.clear;
	PCU_MGMT.clear;

	/* Start BVC-RESET procedure for BVCI=0 */
	SGSN_MGMT.send(BssgpResetRequest:{cause:=BSSGP_CAUSE_OM_INTERVENTION}) to g_sgsn[0].vc_BSSGP;

	/* Defaults match in reverse activation order, this one is a catch-all for Status indications
	 * and reset indications sent from other components (like the ptp_bvcs). If we don't drain
	 * the port and a different message sits at the front we wait forever and fail the test.
	 */
	var ro_default defaults := { activate(as_ignore_mgmt(PCU_MGMT)) };

	/* Activate altsteps: One for each PCU NSE */
	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(g_pcu); i := i+1) {
		var NSConfiguration nscfg := mp_nsconfig_pcu[i];
		var default d := activate(as_count_bvc0_block(i, nscfg.nsei, g_roi));
		defaults := defaults & { d };
	}

	f_sleep(3.0);

	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(defaults); i := i+1) {
		deactivate(defaults[i]);
	}

	/* check if BVC-block was received on all expected BVC */
	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(g_pcu); i := i+1) {
		var NSConfiguration nscfg := mp_nsconfig_pcu[i];
		if (not ro_integer_contains(g_roi, nscfg.nsei)) {
			setverdict(fail, "Missing PCU-side BVC-RESET of BVCI=0 on PCU index ", i);
		}
	}

	/* check if BVC-block was not received on any unexpected BVC is not required as
	 * such a message would basically run into 'no matching clause'  */

	f_cleanup();
}

/***********************************************************************
 * FLOW-CONTROL-BVC procedure
 ***********************************************************************/

private altstep as_g_count_sgsn(integer sgsn_idx, inout ro_integer roi,
				 template PDU_BSSGP exp_rx, template (omit) PDU_BSSGP tx_reply)
runs on GlobalTest_CT {
	[] G_SGSN[sgsn_idx].receive(exp_rx) {
		roi := roi & { sgsn_idx };
		if (ispresent(tx_reply)) {
			G_SGSN[sgsn_idx].send(tx_reply);
		}
		repeat;
	}
}
/* Send FC-BVC from simulated PCU; expect each SGSN to receive it; expect PCU to receive ACK */
testcase TC_fc_bvc() runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_global_init_ptp();

	var template (value) PDU_BSSGP pdu_tx := t_BVC_FC_BVC(10240, 2000, 1024, 1000, '01'O);
	/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
	var template (present) PDU_BSSGP pdu_rx := tr_BVC_FC_BVC(10240, 2000, 1024, 1000, '01'O);
	var template (omit) PDU_BSSGP ack_tx :=
		t_BVC_FC_BVC_ACK(pdu_tx.pDU_BSSGP_FLOW_CONTROL_BVC.tag.unstructured_Value);

	/* Send a FC-BVC from BSS to gbproxy, expect an ACK in response */
	G_PCU[0].send(pdu_tx);

	/* Activate altsteps: One for each SGSN-side PTP BVC port */
	var ro_default defaults := {};
	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(g_sgsn); i := i+1) {
		var default d := activate(as_g_count_sgsn(i, g_roi, pdu_rx, ack_tx));
		defaults := defaults & { d };
	}

	f_sleep(3.0);

	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(defaults); i := i+1) {
		deactivate(defaults[i]);
	}

	/* check if BVC-block was received on all expected BVC */
	for (var integer i := 0; i < lengthof(g_sgsn); i := i+1) {
		if (not ro_integer_contains(g_roi, i)) {
			setverdict(fail, "Missing BVC-FLOW-CONTROL on SGSN index ", i);
		}
	}

	/* Expect ACK on PCU side */
	G_PCU[0].receive(ack_tx);

	setverdict(pass);

	f_cleanup();
}

/***********************************************************************
 * FLOW-CONTROL-MS procedure
 ***********************************************************************/

private function f_TC_fc_ms(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr {
	var BssgpBvci bvci := g_pars.pcu[0].cfg.bvc[0].bvci;

	var template (value) PDU_BSSGP fc_tx := ts_BVC_FC_MS(g_pars.tlli, 100, 200, '12'O);
	/* we cannot use pdu_tx as there are some subtle differences in the length field :/ */
	var template (present) PDU_BSSGP fc_rx := tr_BVC_FC_MS(g_pars.tlli, 100, 200, '12'O);
	var template (value) PDU_BSSGP ack_tx := ts_BVC_FC_MS_ACK(g_pars.tlli, '12'O);

	f_pcu2sgsn(fc_tx, fc_rx, use_sig := false);
	f_sgsn2pcu(ack_tx, ack_tx, use_sig := false);

	setverdict(pass);
}
/* Send a FLOW-CONTROL-MS from BSS side and expect it to show up on SGSN (PTP BVC) */
testcase TC_fc_ms() runs on test_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_fc_ms), testcasename(), 21);
	/* TODO: start multiple handlers (UEs) on various cells on same and other NSEs */
	f_cleanup();
}

/***********************************************************************
 * MS-REGISTRATION ENQUIRY procedure
 ***********************************************************************/

private function f_TC_ms_reg_enq(charstring id) runs on BSSGP_ConnHdlr
{
	f_pcu2sgsn(ts_BSSGP_MS_REG_ENQ(g_pars.imsi), tr_BSSGP_MS_REG_ENQ(g_pars.imsi), use_sig := true);
	f_sgsn2pcu(ts_BSSGP_MS_REW_ENQ_RESP(g_pars.imsi, omit), tr_BSSGP_MS_REW_ENQ_RESP(g_pars.imsi, omit), use_sig := true);
}
testcase TC_ms_reg_enq() runs on test_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_start_handlers(refers(f_TC_ms_reg_enq), testcasename(), 22);
	f_cleanup();
}

/***********************************************************************
 * RIM (RAN Information Management)
 ***********************************************************************/

/* Our tests here are rather synthetic, as they don't reflect normal message flows
   as they would be observed in a live network.  However, for testing gbproxy, this shouldn't
   matter as gbproxy is not concerned with anything but the source / destination routing
   information */

/* gbproxy must route all unknown RIM Routing Info (Cell Id) to the SGSN.  We just define
   one here of which we know it is not used among the [simulated] PCUs */
const BssgpCellId cell_id_sgsn := {
	ra_id := {
		lai := {
			mcc_mnc := c_mcc_mnc,
			lac := 65534
		},
		rac := 0
	},
	cell_id := 65533
};

/* Send 'tx' on PTP-BVCI from PCU; expect 'rx' on any of our SGSN (RIM can be routed anywhere) */
friend function f_rim_pcu2sgsn(template (value) PDU_BSSGP tx, template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx,
			       integer pcu_idx := 0) runs on GlobalTest_CT {
	var PDU_BSSGP rx;
	timer T := 1.0;

	RIM_PCU[pcu_idx].send(tx);
	T.start;
	alt {
	[] any from RIM_SGSN.receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(pass);
		}
	[] any from RIM_SGSN.receive(PDU_BSSGP:?) -> value rx {
		setverdict(fail, "Unexpected BSSGP on SGSN side: ", rx);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	[] T.timeout {
		setverdict(fail, "Timeout waiting for BSSGP on SGSN side: ", exp_rx);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	}
}

/* Send 'tx' on PTP-BVCI from SGSN; expect 'rx' on PCU */
friend function f_rim_sgsn2pcu(template (value) PDU_BSSGP tx, template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx,
			       integer sgsn_idx := 0, integer pcu_idx := 0) runs on GlobalTest_CT {
	var PDU_BSSGP rx;
	timer T := 1.0;

	RIM_SGSN[sgsn_idx].send(tx);
	T.start;
	alt {
	[] RIM_PCU[pcu_idx].receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(pass);
		}
	[] RIM_PCU[pcu_idx].receive(PDU_BSSGP:?) -> value rx {
		setverdict(fail, "Unexpected BSSGP on PCU side: ", rx);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	[] T.timeout {
		setverdict(fail, "Timeout waiting for BSSGP on PCU side: ", exp_rx);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	}
}

/* Send 'tx' on PTP-BVCI from SRC-PCU; expect 'rx' on DST-PCU */
friend function f_rim_pcu2pcu(template (value) PDU_BSSGP tx, template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx,
			      integer src_pcu_idx, integer dst_pcu_idx) runs on GlobalTest_CT {
	var integer rx_idx;
	var PDU_BSSGP rx;
	timer T := 1.0;

	RIM_PCU[src_pcu_idx].send(tx);
	T.start;
	alt {
	[] RIM_PCU[dst_pcu_idx].receive(exp_rx) -> value rx{
		setverdict(pass);
		}
	[] any from RIM_PCU.receive(exp_rx) -> @index value rx_idx {
		setverdict(fail, "Received RIM on wrong PCU[", rx_idx ,"], expected on PCU[", dst_pcu_idx, "]");
		}
	[] any from RIM_SGSN.receive(exp_rx) {
		setverdict(fail, "Received RIM on SGSN but expected it on other PCU");
		}
	[] any from RIM_SGSN.receive(PDU_BSSGP:?) -> value rx {
		setverdict(fail, "Unexpected BSSGP on SGSN side: ", rx);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	[] T.timeout {
		setverdict(fail, "Timeout waiting for BSSGP on SGSN side: ", exp_rx);
		mtc.stop;
		}
	}
}


type function rim_fn(integer sgsn_idx, integer pcu_idx, integer bvc_idx) runs on GlobalTest_CT;

/* helper function for the RIM test cases: Execute 'fn' for each BVC on each PCU for
   each SGSN */
private function f_rim_iterator(rim_fn fn) runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var integer sgsn_idx, pcu_idx, bvc_idx;
	for (sgsn_idx := 0; sgsn_idx < NUM_SGSN; sgsn_idx := sgsn_idx+1) {
		for (pcu_idx := 0; pcu_idx < lengthof(g_pcu); pcu_idx := pcu_idx+1) {
			for (bvc_idx := 0; bvc_idx < lengthof(g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.bvc); bvc_idx := bvc_idx+1) {
				log("Testing RIM SGSN[", sgsn_idx, "] <-> PCU[", pcu_idx, "][", bvc_idx, "]");
				fn.apply(sgsn_idx, pcu_idx, bvc_idx);
			}
		}
	}
}

/* RAN-INFORMATION-REQUEST */
private function f_TC_rim_info_req(integer sgsn_idx, integer pcu_idx, integer bvc_idx := 0)
runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var BssgpCellId cell_id := g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.bvc[bvc_idx].cell_id;
	var template (value) RIM_Routing_Information ri_pcu;
	var template (value) RIM_Routing_Information ri_sgsn;
	var template (value) RAN_Information_Request_RIM_Container cont;

	ri_sgsn := ts_RIM_Routing_Information(RIM_ADDR_GERAN_CELL_ID, t_RIM_Routing_Address_cid(cell_id_sgsn));
	ri_pcu := ts_RIM_Routing_Information(RIM_ADDR_GERAN_CELL_ID, t_RIM_Routing_Address_cid(cell_id));
	cont := ts_RAN_Information_Request_RIM_Container(ts_RIM_Application_Identity(RIM_APP_ID_NACC),
							 ts_RIM_Sequence_Number(0),
							 ts_RIM_PDU_Indications(false, RIM_PDU_TYPE_STOP));
	f_rim_pcu2sgsn(ts_RAN_INFORMATION_REQUEST(dst := ri_sgsn, src := ri_pcu, cont := cont),
			tr_RAN_INFORMATION_REQUEST(dst := ri_sgsn, src := ri_pcu, cont := cont),
			pcu_idx);
	f_rim_sgsn2pcu(ts_RAN_INFORMATION_REQUEST(dst := ri_pcu, src := ri_sgsn, cont := cont),
			tr_RAN_INFORMATION_REQUEST(dst := ri_pcu, src := ri_sgsn, cont := cont),
			sgsn_idx, pcu_idx);
}
testcase TC_rim_info_req() runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_global_init();
	f_rim_iterator(refers(f_TC_rim_info_req));
	f_cleanup();
}

/* RAN-INFORMATION */
private function f_TC_rim_info(integer sgsn_idx, integer pcu_idx, integer bvc_idx := 0)
runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var BssgpCellId cell_id := g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.bvc[bvc_idx].cell_id;
	var template (value) RIM_Routing_Information ri_pcu;
	var template (value) RIM_Routing_Information ri_sgsn;
	var template (value) RAN_Information_RIM_Container cont;

	ri_sgsn := ts_RIM_Routing_Information(RIM_ADDR_GERAN_CELL_ID, t_RIM_Routing_Address_cid(cell_id_sgsn));
	ri_pcu := ts_RIM_Routing_Information(RIM_ADDR_GERAN_CELL_ID, t_RIM_Routing_Address_cid(cell_id));
	cont := ts_RAN_Information_RIM_Container(ts_RIM_Application_Identity(RIM_APP_ID_NACC),
						 ts_RIM_Sequence_Number(0),
						 ts_RIM_PDU_Indications(false, RIM_PDU_TYPE_STOP));
	f_rim_pcu2sgsn(ts_PDU_BSSGP_RAN_INFORMATION(dst := ri_sgsn, src := ri_pcu, cont := cont),
			tr_PDU_BSSGP_RAN_INFORMATION(dst := ri_sgsn, src := ri_pcu, cont := cont),
			pcu_idx);
	f_rim_sgsn2pcu(ts_PDU_BSSGP_RAN_INFORMATION(dst := ri_pcu, src := ri_sgsn, cont := cont),
			tr_PDU_BSSGP_RAN_INFORMATION(dst := ri_pcu, src := ri_sgsn, cont := cont),
			sgsn_idx, pcu_idx);
}
testcase TC_rim_info() runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_global_init();
	f_rim_iterator(refers(f_TC_rim_info));
	f_cleanup();
}

/* RAN-INFORMATION-ACK */
private function f_TC_rim_info_ack(integer sgsn_idx, integer pcu_idx, integer bvc_idx := 0)
runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var BssgpCellId cell_id := g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.bvc[bvc_idx].cell_id;
	var template (value) RIM_Routing_Information ri_pcu;
	var template (value) RIM_Routing_Information ri_sgsn;
	var template (value) RAN_Information_Ack_RIM_Container cont;

	ri_sgsn := ts_RIM_Routing_Information(RIM_ADDR_GERAN_CELL_ID, t_RIM_Routing_Address_cid(cell_id_sgsn));
	ri_pcu := ts_RIM_Routing_Information(RIM_ADDR_GERAN_CELL_ID, t_RIM_Routing_Address_cid(cell_id));
	cont := ts_RAN_Information_Ack_RIM_Container(ts_RIM_Application_Identity(RIM_APP_ID_NACC),
						     ts_RIM_Sequence_Number(0));
	f_rim_pcu2sgsn(ts_PDU_BSSGP_RAN_INFORMATION_ACK(dst := ri_sgsn, src := ri_pcu, cont := cont),
			tr_PDU_BSSGP_RAN_INFORMATION_ACK(dst := ri_sgsn, src := ri_pcu, cont := cont),
			pcu_idx);
	f_rim_sgsn2pcu(ts_PDU_BSSGP_RAN_INFORMATION_ACK(dst := ri_pcu, src := ri_sgsn, cont := cont),
			tr_PDU_BSSGP_RAN_INFORMATION_ACK(dst := ri_pcu, src := ri_sgsn, cont := cont),
			sgsn_idx, pcu_idx);
}
testcase TC_rim_info_ack() runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_global_init();
	f_rim_iterator(refers(f_TC_rim_info_ack));
	f_cleanup();
}

/* RAN-INFORMATION-ERROR */
private function f_TC_rim_info_error(integer sgsn_idx, integer pcu_idx, integer bvc_idx := 0)
runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var BssgpCellId cell_id := g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.bvc[bvc_idx].cell_id;
	var template (value) RIM_Routing_Information ri_pcu;
	var template (value) RIM_Routing_Information ri_sgsn;
	var template (value) RAN_Information_Error_RIM_Container cont;

	ri_sgsn := ts_RIM_Routing_Information(RIM_ADDR_GERAN_CELL_ID, t_RIM_Routing_Address_cid(cell_id_sgsn));
	ri_pcu := ts_RIM_Routing_Information(RIM_ADDR_GERAN_CELL_ID, t_RIM_Routing_Address_cid(cell_id));
	cont := ts_RAN_Information_Error_RIM_Container(ts_RIM_Application_Identity(RIM_APP_ID_NACC),
						       ts_BSSGP_CAUSE(BSSGP_CAUSE_EQUIMENT_FAILURE),
						       omit, valueof(t_BVC_UNBLOCK(23)));
	f_rim_pcu2sgsn(ts_PDU_BSSGP_RAN_INFORMATION_ERROR(dst := ri_sgsn, src := ri_pcu, cont := cont),
			tr_PDU_BSSGP_RAN_INFORMATION_ERROR(dst := ri_sgsn, src := ri_pcu, cont := cont),
			pcu_idx);
	f_rim_sgsn2pcu(ts_PDU_BSSGP_RAN_INFORMATION_ERROR(dst := ri_pcu, src := ri_sgsn, cont := cont),
			tr_PDU_BSSGP_RAN_INFORMATION_ERROR(dst := ri_pcu, src := ri_sgsn, cont := cont),
			sgsn_idx, pcu_idx);
}
testcase TC_rim_info_error() runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_global_init();
	f_rim_iterator(refers(f_TC_rim_info_error));
	f_cleanup();
}

/* RAN-INFORMATION-APPLICATION-ERROR */
private function f_TC_rim_info_app_error(integer sgsn_idx, integer pcu_idx, integer bvc_idx := 0)
runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var BssgpCellId cell_id := g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.bvc[bvc_idx].cell_id;
	var template (value) RIM_Routing_Information ri_pcu;
	var template (value) RIM_Routing_Information ri_sgsn;
	var template (value) Application_Error_Container app_cont;
	var template (value) RAN_Information_Application_Error_RIM_Container cont;

	ri_sgsn := ts_RIM_Routing_Information(RIM_ADDR_GERAN_CELL_ID, t_RIM_Routing_Address_cid(cell_id_sgsn));
	ri_pcu := ts_RIM_Routing_Information(RIM_ADDR_GERAN_CELL_ID, t_RIM_Routing_Address_cid(cell_id));
	app_cont := tsu_Application_Error_Container_NACC(cell_id, 23,
							 tsu_Application_Container_IE_NACC_req(cell_id));
	cont := ts_RAN_Information_Application_Error_RIM_Container(ts_RIM_Application_Identity(RIM_APP_ID_NACC),
								   ts_RIM_Sequence_Number(0),
								   ts_RIM_PDU_Indications(false, RIM_PDU_TYPE_STOP),
								   omit, app_cont);
	f_rim_pcu2sgsn(ts_PDU_BSSGP_RAN_INFORMATION_APPLICATION_ERROR(dst := ri_sgsn, src := ri_pcu, cont := cont),
			tr_PDU_BSSGP_RAN_INFORMATION_APPLICATION_ERROR(dst := ri_sgsn, src := ri_pcu, cont := cont),
			pcu_idx);
	f_rim_sgsn2pcu(ts_PDU_BSSGP_RAN_INFORMATION_APPLICATION_ERROR(dst := ri_pcu, src := ri_sgsn, cont := cont),
			tr_PDU_BSSGP_RAN_INFORMATION_APPLICATION_ERROR(dst := ri_pcu, src := ri_sgsn, cont := cont),
			sgsn_idx, pcu_idx);
}
testcase TC_rim_info_app_error() runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	f_init();
	f_global_init();
	f_rim_iterator(refers(f_TC_rim_info_app_error));
	f_cleanup();
}

/* RAN-INFORMATION routing directly between PCUs, without SGSN involvement */
private function f_TC_rim_info_pcu2pcu(integer src_pcu_idx, integer src_bvc_idx,
					integer dst_pcu_idx, integer dst_bvc_idx)
runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var BssgpCellId cell_id_src := g_pcu[src_pcu_idx].cfg.bvc[src_bvc_idx].cell_id;
	var BssgpCellId cell_id_dst := g_pcu[dst_pcu_idx].cfg.bvc[dst_bvc_idx].cell_id;
	var template (value) RIM_Routing_Information ri_pcu_src;
	var template (value) RIM_Routing_Information ri_pcu_dst;
	var template (value) RAN_Information_RIM_Container cont;

	log("Testing RIM PCU2PCU from PCU[", src_pcu_idx, "][", src_bvc_idx, "] to PCU[",
	    dst_pcu_idx, "][", dst_bvc_idx, "]");

	ri_pcu_src := ts_RIM_Routing_Information(RIM_ADDR_GERAN_CELL_ID,
						 t_RIM_Routing_Address_cid(cell_id_src));
	ri_pcu_dst := ts_RIM_Routing_Information(RIM_ADDR_GERAN_CELL_ID,
						 t_RIM_Routing_Address_cid(cell_id_dst));
	cont := ts_RAN_Information_RIM_Container(ts_RIM_Application_Identity(RIM_APP_ID_NACC),
						 ts_RIM_Sequence_Number(0),
						 ts_RIM_PDU_Indications(false, RIM_PDU_TYPE_STOP));
	f_rim_pcu2pcu(ts_PDU_BSSGP_RAN_INFORMATION(dst := ri_pcu_dst, src := ri_pcu_src, cont := cont),
			tr_PDU_BSSGP_RAN_INFORMATION(dst := ri_pcu_dst, src := ri_pcu_src, cont := cont),
			src_pcu_idx, dst_pcu_idx);
}
testcase TC_rim_info_pcu2pcu() runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var integer src_pcu_idx, dst_pcu_idx;
	var integer src_bvc_idx, dst_bvc_idx;
	f_init();
	f_global_init();

	for (src_pcu_idx := 0; src_pcu_idx < lengthof(g_pcu); src_pcu_idx := src_pcu_idx + 1) {
		for (src_bvc_idx := 0; src_bvc_idx < lengthof(g_pcu[src_pcu_idx].cfg.bvc); src_bvc_idx := src_bvc_idx + 1) {
			for (dst_pcu_idx := 0; dst_pcu_idx < lengthof(g_pcu); dst_pcu_idx := dst_pcu_idx + 1) {
				if (dst_pcu_idx == src_pcu_idx) {
					continue;
				}

				for (dst_bvc_idx := 0; dst_bvc_idx < lengthof(g_pcu[dst_pcu_idx].cfg.bvc);
dst_bvc_idx := dst_bvc_idx + 1) {
					f_TC_rim_info_pcu2pcu(src_pcu_idx, src_bvc_idx, dst_pcu_idx, dst_bvc_idx);
				}
			}
		}
	}

	f_cleanup();
}

/***********************************************************************
 * STATUS handling
 ***********************************************************************/

/* BSSGP STATUS PDU must be routed based on inner "PDU In Error" message */

/* generate a TMSI with NRI matching sgsn_idx + nri_idx */
private function f_gen_tmsi_for_sgsn_nri(integer sgsn_idx, integer nri_idx) runs on test_CT return OCT4
{
	var integer nri := mp_sgsn_nri[sgsn_idx][nri_idx];
	return f_gen_tmsi(0, nri_v := nri, nri_bitlen := mp_nri_bitlength);
}

/* generate a TLLI with NRI matching sgsn_idx + nri_idx */
private function f_gen_tlli_for_sgsn_nri(integer sgsn_idx, integer nri_idx) runs on test_CT return OCT4
{
	var OCT4 p_tmsi := f_gen_tmsi_for_sgsn_nri(sgsn_idx, nri_idx);
	return f_gprs_tlli_from_tmsi(p_tmsi, TLLI_LOCAL);
}

/* STATUS in uplink direction; expect routing by its NRI */
private function f_TC_status_ul(integer pcu_idx, integer sgsn_idx, PDU_BSSGP inner)
runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var template (value) PDU_BSSGP tx := ts_BSSGP_STATUS(omit, BSSGP_CAUSE_EQUIMENT_FAILURE, inner);
	var template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx :=
		tr_BSSGP_STATUS(omit, BSSGP_CAUSE_EQUIMENT_FAILURE,
				tx.pDU_BSSGP_STATUS.pDU_in_Error.erroneous_BSSGP_PDU);

	f_global_pcu2sgsn(tx, exp_rx, pcu_idx, sgsn_idx);
}

/* STATUS in uplink direction; expect routing by its NRI */
private function f_TC_status_dl(integer sgsn_idx, integer pcu_idx, PDU_BSSGP inner)
runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var template (value) PDU_BSSGP tx := ts_BSSGP_STATUS(omit, BSSGP_CAUSE_EQUIMENT_FAILURE, inner);
	var template (present) PDU_BSSGP exp_rx :=
		tr_BSSGP_STATUS(omit, BSSGP_CAUSE_EQUIMENT_FAILURE,
				tx.pDU_BSSGP_STATUS.pDU_in_Error.erroneous_BSSGP_PDU);

	f_global_sgsn2pcu(tx, exp_rx, sgsn_idx, pcu_idx);
}

/* STATUS in uplink direction on SIG-BVC containing a TLLI; expect routing by its NRI */
testcase TC_status_sig_ul_tlli() runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var integer sgsn_idx, nri_idx;

	f_init();
	f_global_init();

	for (sgsn_idx := 0; sgsn_idx < NUM_SGSN; sgsn_idx := sgsn_idx + 1) {
		for (nri_idx := 0; nri_idx < lengthof(mp_sgsn_nri[sgsn_idx]); nri_idx := nri_idx + 1) {
			/* some downlink PDU occurring on SIG-BVC with a TLLI */
			var OCT4 tlli := f_gen_tlli_for_sgsn_nri(sgsn_idx, nri_idx);
			var PDU_BSSGP inner := valueof(ts_BSSGP_FLUSH_LL(tlli, 2342));

			f_TC_status_ul(0, sgsn_idx, inner);
		}
	}

	f_cleanup();
}

/* STATUS in uplink direction on SIG-BVC containing a TMSI; expect routing by its NRI */
testcase TC_status_sig_ul_tmsi() runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var integer sgsn_idx, nri_idx;

	f_init();
	f_global_init();

	for (sgsn_idx := 0; sgsn_idx < NUM_SGSN; sgsn_idx := sgsn_idx + 1) {
		for (nri_idx := 0; nri_idx < lengthof(mp_sgsn_nri[sgsn_idx]); nri_idx := nri_idx + 1) {
			/* some downlink PDU occurring on SIG-BVC with a TMSI */
			const hexstring imsi := '001010123456789'H
			var OCT4 tmsi := f_gen_tmsi_for_sgsn_nri(sgsn_idx, nri_idx);
			var BssgpBvci bvci := g_pcu[0].cfg.bvc[0].bvci;
			var PDU_BSSGP inner := valueof(ts_BSSGP_CS_PAGING_PTMSI(bvci, imsi, oct2int(tmsi)));
			f_TC_status_ul(0, sgsn_idx, inner);
		}
	}

	f_cleanup();
}


/* STATUS in uplink direction on PTP-BVC containing a TLLI; expect routing by its NRI */
testcase TC_status_ptp_ul_tlli() runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var integer sgsn_idx, nri_idx;

	f_init();
	f_global_init_ptp();

	for (sgsn_idx := 0; sgsn_idx < NUM_SGSN; sgsn_idx := sgsn_idx + 1) {
		for (nri_idx := 0; nri_idx < lengthof(mp_sgsn_nri[sgsn_idx]); nri_idx := nri_idx + 1) {
			/* some downlink PDU occurring on PTP-BVC with a TLLI */
			var OCT4 tlli := f_gen_tlli_for_sgsn_nri(sgsn_idx, nri_idx);
			var PDU_BSSGP inner := valueof(ts_BSSGP_DL_UD(tlli, '2342'O));

			f_TC_status_ul(0, sgsn_idx, inner);
		}
	}

	f_cleanup();
}

/* STATUS in uplink direction on PTP-BVC containing a TMSI; expect routing by its NRI */
testcase TC_status_ptp_ul_tmsi() runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var integer sgsn_idx, nri_idx;

	f_init();
	f_global_init_ptp();

	for (sgsn_idx := 0; sgsn_idx < NUM_SGSN; sgsn_idx := sgsn_idx + 1) {
		for (nri_idx := 0; nri_idx < lengthof(mp_sgsn_nri[sgsn_idx]); nri_idx := nri_idx + 1) {
			/* some downlink PDU occurring on PTP-BVC with a TMSI */
			const hexstring imsi := '001010123456789'H
			var OCT4 tmsi := f_gen_tmsi_for_sgsn_nri(sgsn_idx, nri_idx);
			var BssgpBvci bvci := g_pcu[0].cfg.bvc[0].bvci;
			var PDU_BSSGP inner := valueof(ts_BSSGP_CS_PAGING_PTMSI(bvci, imsi, oct2int(tmsi)));
			f_TC_status_ul(0, sgsn_idx, inner);
		}
	}

	f_cleanup();
}

/* STATUS in downlink direction in SIG-BVC containing a BVCI; expect routing by it */
testcase TC_status_sig_dl_bvci() runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var integer sgsn_idx, pcu_idx, bvc_idx;

	f_init();
	f_global_init();

	/* test each BVC in each PCU from each SGSN */
	for (pcu_idx := 0; pcu_idx < lengthof(g_pcu); pcu_idx := pcu_idx + 1) {
		for (bvc_idx := 0; bvc_idx < lengthof(g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.bvc); bvc_idx := bvc_idx + 1) {
			for (sgsn_idx := 0; sgsn_idx < NUM_SGSN; sgsn_idx := sgsn_idx + 1) {
				/* some uplink PDU occurring on SIG-BVC containing a BVCI */
				var BssgpBvci bvci := g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.bvc[bvc_idx].bvci;
				var PDU_BSSGP inner := valueof(ts_BSSGP_LLC_DISCARDED('12345678'O, 1, bvci, 23));
				f_TC_status_dl(sgsn_idx, pcu_idx, inner);
			}
		}
	}

	f_cleanup();
}

/* STATUS in downlink direction in PTP-BVC; expect routing by BVCI */
testcase TC_status_ptp_dl_bvci() runs on GlobalTest_CT
{
	var integer sgsn_idx, pcu_idx, bvc_idx;

	f_init();
	f_global_init_ptp();

	/* test each BVC in each PCU from each SGSN */
	for (pcu_idx := 0; pcu_idx < lengthof(g_pcu); pcu_idx := pcu_idx + 1) {
		for (bvc_idx := 0; bvc_idx < lengthof(g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.bvc); bvc_idx := bvc_idx + 1) {
			var BssgpBvci bvci := g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.bvc[bvc_idx].bvci;
			f_global_ptp_connect_pcu_bvci(pcu_idx, bvci);
			for (sgsn_idx := 0; sgsn_idx < NUM_SGSN; sgsn_idx := sgsn_idx + 1) {
				f_global_ptp_connect_sgsn_bvci(sgsn_idx, bvci);

				/* some uplink PDU occurring on PTP-BVC */
				var BssgpCellId cell_id := g_pcu[pcu_idx].cfg.bvc[bvc_idx].cell_id;
				var PDU_BSSGP inner := valueof(ts_BSSGP_UL_UD('12345678'O, cell_id, '4223'O));
				f_TC_status_dl(sgsn_idx, pcu_idx, inner);
			}
		}
	}

	f_cleanup();
}

/* TODO: test case for DL-STATUS(SUSPEND/RESUME) containing RA-ID; expect routing by RA-ID */
/* TODO: test case for UL-STATUS(PAGING-by-IMSI) after sending an actual PAGIN-by-IMSI in DL first */

control {
	execute( TC_BVC_bringup() );
	execute( TC_ul_unitdata() );
	execute( TC_dl_unitdata() );
	execute( TC_ra_capability() );
	execute( TC_ra_capability_upd() );
	execute( TC_radio_status() );
	execute( TC_radio_status_tmsi() );
	execute( TC_radio_status_imsi() );
	execute( TC_suspend() );
	execute( TC_resume() );
	execute( TC_trace() );
	execute( TC_llc_discarded() );
	execute( TC_overload() );
	execute( TC_bvc_block_ptp() );
	execute( TC_bvc_unblock_ptp() );
	execute( TC_bvc_reset_ptp_from_bss() );
	execute( TC_bvc_reset_sig_from_bss() );
	execute( TC_bvc_reset_ptp_from_sgsn() );
	execute( TC_bvc_reset_sig_from_sgsn() );
	if (mp_enable_bss_load_sharing) {
		/* don't enable this by default, as we don't yet have any automatic test setup for FR with 4 NS-VC */
		execute( TC_load_sharing_dl() );
	}

	/* PAGING-PS over PTP BVC */
	execute( TC_paging_ps_ptp_bss() );
	execute( TC_paging_ps_ptp_lac() );
	execute( TC_paging_ps_ptp_lac_unknown() );
	execute( TC_paging_ps_ptp_rac() );
	execute( TC_paging_ps_ptp_rac_unknown() );
	execute( TC_paging_ps_ptp_bvci() );
	execute( TC_paging_ps_ptp_bvci_imsi() );
	execute( TC_paging_ps_ptp_bvci_unknown() );
	execute( TC_paging_ps_reject_ptp_bvci() );
	execute( TC_paging_ps_reject_ptp_bvci_imsi() );
	execute( TC_dummy_paging_ps_ptp() );

	/* PAGING-PS over SIG BVC */
	execute( TC_paging_ps_sig_bss() );
	execute( TC_paging_ps_sig_lac() );
	execute( TC_paging_ps_sig_lac_unknown() );
	execute( TC_paging_ps_sig_rac() );
	execute( TC_paging_ps_sig_rac_unknown() );
	execute( TC_paging_ps_sig_bvci() );
	execute( TC_paging_ps_sig_bvci_imsi() );
	execute( TC_paging_ps_sig_bvci_unknown() );
	execute( TC_paging_ps_reject_sig_bvci() );
	execute( TC_paging_ps_reject_sig_bvci_imsi() );
	execute( TC_dummy_paging_ps_sig() );

	/* PAGING-CS over PTP BVC */
	execute( TC_paging_cs_ptp_bss() );
	execute( TC_paging_cs_ptp_lac() );
	execute( TC_paging_cs_ptp_lac_unknown() );
	execute( TC_paging_cs_ptp_rac() );
	execute( TC_paging_cs_ptp_rac_unknown() );
	execute( TC_paging_cs_ptp_bvci() );
	execute( TC_paging_cs_ptp_bvci_unknown() );

	/* PAGING-CS over SIG BVC */
	execute( TC_paging_cs_sig_bss() );
	execute( TC_paging_cs_sig_lac() );
	execute( TC_paging_cs_sig_lac_unknown() );
	execute( TC_paging_cs_sig_rac() );
	execute( TC_paging_cs_sig_rac_unknown() );
	execute( TC_paging_cs_sig_bvci() );
	execute( TC_paging_cs_sig_bvci_unknown() );

	/* RAN Information Management */
	execute( TC_rim_info_req() );
	execute( TC_rim_info() );
	execute( TC_rim_info_ack() );
	execute( TC_rim_info_error() );
	execute( TC_rim_info_app_error() );
	execute( TC_rim_info_pcu2pcu() );


	execute( TC_flush_ll() );
	execute( TC_fc_bvc() );
	execute( TC_fc_ms() );
	execute( TC_ms_reg_enq() );

	/* Uplink STATUS */
	execute( TC_status_sig_ul_tlli() );
	execute( TC_status_sig_ul_tmsi() );
	execute( TC_status_ptp_ul_tlli() );
	execute( TC_status_ptp_ul_tmsi() );

	/* Downlink STATUS */
	execute( TC_status_sig_dl_bvci() );
	execute( TC_status_ptp_dl_bvci() );
}


}