openbsc/src/db.c

/* Simple HLR/VLR database backend using dbi */
/* (C) 2008 by Jan Luebbe <jluebbe@debian.org>
 * (C) 2009 by Holger Hans Peter Freyther <zecke@selfish.org>
 * (C) 2009 by Harald Welte <laforge@gnumonks.org>
 * All Rights Reserved
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
 * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
 * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 *
 */

#include <stdint.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <libgen.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <dbi/dbi.h>

#include <openbsc/gsm_data.h>
#include <openbsc/gsm_04_11.h>
#include <openbsc/db.h>
#include <osmocore/talloc.h>
#include <openbsc/debug.h>
#include <osmocore/statistics.h>
#include <osmocore/rate_ctr.h>

static char *db_basename = NULL;
static char *db_dirname = NULL;
static dbi_conn conn;

static char *create_stmts[] = {
	"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS Meta ("
		"id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, "
		"key TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL, "
		"value TEXT NOT NULL"
		")",
	"INSERT OR IGNORE INTO Meta "
		"(key, value) "
		"VALUES "
		"('revision', '2')",
	"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS Subscriber ("
		"id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, "
		"created TIMESTAMP NOT NULL, "
		"updated TIMESTAMP NOT NULL, "
		"imsi NUMERIC UNIQUE NOT NULL, "
		"name TEXT, "
		"extension TEXT UNIQUE, "
		"authorized INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, "
		"tmsi TEXT UNIQUE, "
		"lac INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0"
		")",
	"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS AuthToken ("
		"id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, "
		"subscriber_id INTEGER UNIQUE NOT NULL, "
		"created TIMESTAMP NOT NULL, "
		"token TEXT UNIQUE NOT NULL"
		")",
	"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS Equipment ("
		"id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, "
		"created TIMESTAMP NOT NULL, "
		"updated TIMESTAMP NOT NULL, "
		"name TEXT, "
		"classmark1 NUMERIC, "
		"classmark2 BLOB, "
		"classmark3 BLOB, "
		"imei NUMERIC UNIQUE NOT NULL"
		")",
	"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS EquipmentWatch ("
		"id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, "
		"created TIMESTAMP NOT NULL, "
		"updated TIMESTAMP NOT NULL, "
		"subscriber_id NUMERIC NOT NULL, "
		"equipment_id NUMERIC NOT NULL, "
		"UNIQUE (subscriber_id, equipment_id) "
		")",
	"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS SMS ("
		/* metadata, not part of sms */
		"id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, "
		"created TIMESTAMP NOT NULL, "
		"sent TIMESTAMP, "
		"sender_id INTEGER NOT NULL, "
		"receiver_id INTEGER NOT NULL, "
		"deliver_attempts INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, "
		/* data directly copied/derived from SMS */
		"valid_until TIMESTAMP, "
		"reply_path_req INTEGER NOT NULL, "
		"status_rep_req INTEGER NOT NULL, "
		"protocol_id INTEGER NOT NULL, "
		"data_coding_scheme INTEGER NOT NULL, "
		"ud_hdr_ind INTEGER NOT NULL, "
		"dest_addr TEXT, "
		"user_data BLOB, "	/* TP-UD */
		/* additional data, interpreted from SMS */
		"header BLOB, "		/* UD Header */
		"text TEXT "		/* decoded UD after UDH */
		")",
	"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS VLR ("
		"id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, "
		"created TIMESTAMP NOT NULL, "
		"updated TIMESTAMP NOT NULL, "
		"subscriber_id NUMERIC UNIQUE NOT NULL, "
		"last_bts NUMERIC NOT NULL "
		")",
	"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS ApduBlobs ("
		"id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, "
		"created TIMESTAMP NOT NULL, "
		"apdu_id_flags INTEGER NOT NULL, "
		"subscriber_id INTEGER NOT NULL, "
		"apdu BLOB "
		")",
	"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS Counters ("
		"id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, "
		"timestamp TIMESTAMP NOT NULL, "
		"value INTEGER NOT NULL, "
		"name TEXT NOT NULL "
		")",
	"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS RateCounters ("
		"id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, "
		"timestamp TIMESTAMP NOT NULL, "
		"value INTEGER NOT NULL, "
		"name TEXT NOT NULL, "
		"idx INTEGER NOT NULL "
		")",
	"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS AuthKeys ("
		"subscriber_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, "
		"algorithm_id INTEGER NOT NULL, "
		"a3a8_ki BLOB "
		")",
	"CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS AuthLastTuples ("
		"subscriber_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, "
		"issued TIMESTAMP NOT NULL, "
		"use_count INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0, "
		"key_seq INTEGER NOT NULL, "
		"rand BLOB NOT NULL, "
		"sres BLOB NOT NULL, "
		"kc BLOB NOT NULL "
		")",
};

void db_error_func(dbi_conn conn, void *data)
{
	const char *msg;
	dbi_conn_error(conn, &msg);
	LOGP(DDB, LOGL_ERROR, "DBI: %s\n", msg);
}

static int check_db_revision(void)
{
	dbi_result result;
	const char *rev;

	result = dbi_conn_query(conn,
				"SELECT value FROM Meta WHERE key='revision'");
	if (!result)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (!dbi_result_next_row(result)) {
		dbi_result_free(result);
		return -EINVAL;
	}
	rev = dbi_result_get_string(result, "value");
	if (!rev || atoi(rev) != 2) {
		dbi_result_free(result);
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	dbi_result_free(result);
	return 0;
}

int db_init(const char *name)
{
	dbi_initialize(NULL);

	conn = dbi_conn_new("sqlite3");
	if (conn == NULL) {
		LOGP(DDB, LOGL_FATAL, "Failed to create connection.\n");
		return 1;
	}

	dbi_conn_error_handler( conn, db_error_func, NULL );

	/* MySQL
	dbi_conn_set_option(conn, "host", "localhost");
	dbi_conn_set_option(conn, "username", "your_name");
	dbi_conn_set_option(conn, "password", "your_password");
	dbi_conn_set_option(conn, "dbname", "your_dbname");
	dbi_conn_set_option(conn, "encoding", "UTF-8");
	*/

	/* SqLite 3 */
	db_basename = strdup(name);
	db_dirname = strdup(name);
	dbi_conn_set_option(conn, "sqlite3_dbdir", dirname(db_dirname));
	dbi_conn_set_option(conn, "dbname", basename(db_basename));

	if (dbi_conn_connect(conn) < 0)
		goto out_err;

	return 0;

out_err:
	free(db_dirname);
	free(db_basename);
	db_dirname = db_basename = NULL;
	return -1;
}


int db_prepare()
{
	dbi_result result;
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(create_stmts); i++) {
		result = dbi_conn_query(conn, create_stmts[i]);
		if (!result) {
			LOGP(DDB, LOGL_ERROR,
			     "Failed to create some table.\n");
			return 1;
		}
		dbi_result_free(result);
	}

	if (check_db_revision() < 0) {
		LOGP(DDB, LOGL_FATAL, "Database schema revision invalid, "
			"please update your database schema\n");
                return -1;
	}

	return 0;
}

int db_fini()
{
	dbi_conn_close(conn);
	dbi_shutdown();

	if (db_dirname)
	    free(db_dirname);
	if (db_basename)
	    free(db_basename);
	return 0;
}

struct gsm_subscriber *db_create_subscriber(struct gsm_network *net, char *imsi)
{
	dbi_result result;
	struct gsm_subscriber *subscr;

	/* Is this subscriber known in the db? */
	subscr = db_get_subscriber(net, GSM_SUBSCRIBER_IMSI, imsi);
	if (subscr) {
		result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
                         "UPDATE Subscriber set updated = datetime('now') "
                         "WHERE imsi = %s " , imsi);
		if (!result)
			LOGP(DDB, LOGL_ERROR, "failed to update timestamp\n");
		else
			dbi_result_free(result);
		return subscr;
	}

	subscr = subscr_alloc();
	subscr->flags |= GSM_SUBSCRIBER_FIRST_CONTACT;
	if (!subscr)
		return NULL;
	result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
		"INSERT INTO Subscriber "
		"(imsi, created, updated) "
		"VALUES "
		"(%s, datetime('now'), datetime('now')) ",
		imsi
	);
	if (!result)
		LOGP(DDB, LOGL_ERROR, "Failed to create Subscriber by IMSI.\n");
	subscr->net = net;
	subscr->id = dbi_conn_sequence_last(conn, NULL);
	strncpy(subscr->imsi, imsi, GSM_IMSI_LENGTH-1);
	dbi_result_free(result);
	LOGP(DDB, LOGL_INFO, "New Subscriber: ID %llu, IMSI %s\n", subscr->id, subscr->imsi);
	db_subscriber_alloc_exten(subscr);
	return subscr;
}

static_assert(sizeof(unsigned char) == sizeof(struct gsm48_classmark1), classmark1_size);

static int get_equipment_by_subscr(struct gsm_subscriber *subscr)
{
	dbi_result result;
	const char *string;
	unsigned char cm1;
	const unsigned char *cm2, *cm3;
	struct gsm_equipment *equip = &subscr->equipment;

	result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
				"SELECT equipment.* FROM Equipment,EquipmentWatch "
				"WHERE EquipmentWatch.equipment_id=Equipment.id "
				"AND EquipmentWatch.subscriber_id = %llu "
				"ORDER BY updated DESC", subscr->id);
	if (!result)
		return -EIO;

	if (!dbi_result_next_row(result)) {
		dbi_result_free(result);
		return -ENOENT;
	}

	equip->id = dbi_result_get_ulonglong(result, "id");

	string = dbi_result_get_string(result, "imei");
	if (string)
		strncpy(equip->imei, string, sizeof(equip->imei));

	string = dbi_result_get_string(result, "classmark1");
	if (string) {
		cm1 = atoi(string) & 0xff;
		memcpy(&equip->classmark1, &cm1, sizeof(equip->classmark1));
	}

	equip->classmark2_len = dbi_result_get_field_length(result, "classmark2");
	cm2 = dbi_result_get_binary(result, "classmark2");
	if (equip->classmark2_len > sizeof(equip->classmark2))
		equip->classmark2_len = sizeof(equip->classmark2);
	memcpy(equip->classmark2, cm2, equip->classmark2_len);

	equip->classmark3_len = dbi_result_get_field_length(result, "classmark3");
	cm3 = dbi_result_get_binary(result, "classmark3");
	if (equip->classmark3_len > sizeof(equip->classmark3))
		equip->classmark3_len = sizeof(equip->classmark3);
	memcpy(equip->classmark3, cm3, equip->classmark3_len);

	dbi_result_free(result);

	return 0;
}

int get_authinfo_by_subscr(struct gsm_auth_info *ainfo,
			   struct gsm_subscriber *subscr)
{
	dbi_result result;
	const unsigned char *a3a8_ki;

	result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
			"SELECT * FROM AuthKeys WHERE subscriber_id=%u",
			 subscr->id);
	if (!result)
		return -EIO;

	if (!dbi_result_next_row(result)) {
		dbi_result_free(result);
		return -ENOENT;
	}

	ainfo->auth_algo = dbi_result_get_ulonglong(result, "algorithm_id");
	ainfo->a3a8_ki_len = dbi_result_get_field_length(result, "a3a8_ki");
	a3a8_ki = dbi_result_get_binary(result, "a3a8_ki");
	if (ainfo->a3a8_ki_len > sizeof(ainfo->a3a8_ki))
		ainfo->a3a8_ki_len = sizeof(ainfo->a3a8_ki_len);
	memcpy(ainfo->a3a8_ki, a3a8_ki, ainfo->a3a8_ki_len);

	dbi_result_free(result);

	return 0;
}

int set_authinfo_for_subscr(struct gsm_auth_info *ainfo,
			    struct gsm_subscriber *subscr)
{
	dbi_result result;
	struct gsm_auth_info ainfo_old;
	int rc, upd;
	unsigned char *ki_str;

	/* Deletion ? */
	if (ainfo == NULL) {
		result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
			"DELETE FROM AuthKeys WHERE subscriber_id=%u",
			subscr->id);

		if (!result)
			return -EIO;

		dbi_result_free(result);

		return 0;
	}

	/* Check if already existing */
	rc = get_authinfo_by_subscr(&ainfo_old, subscr);
	if (rc && rc != -ENOENT)
		return rc;
	upd = rc ? 0 : 1;

	/* Update / Insert */
	dbi_conn_quote_binary_copy(conn,
		ainfo->a3a8_ki, ainfo->a3a8_ki_len, &ki_str);

	if (!upd) {
		result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
				"INSERT INTO AuthKeys "
				"(subscriber_id, algorithm_id, a3a8_ki) "
				"VALUES (%u, %u, %s)",
				subscr->id, ainfo->auth_algo, ki_str);
	} else {
		result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
				"UPDATE AuthKeys "
				"SET algorithm_id=%u, a3a8_ki=%s "
				"WHERE subscriber_id=%u",
				ainfo->auth_algo, ki_str, subscr->id);
	}

	free(ki_str);

	if (!result)
		return -EIO;

	dbi_result_free(result);

	return 0;
}

int get_lastauthtuple_by_subscr(struct gsm_auth_tuple *atuple,
                                struct gsm_subscriber *subscr)
{
	dbi_result result;
	int len;
	const unsigned char *blob;

	result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
			"SELECT * FROM AuthLastTuples WHERE subscriber_id=%u",
			subscr->id);
	if (!result)
		return -EIO;

	if (!dbi_result_next_row(result)) {
		dbi_result_free(result);
		return -ENOENT;
	}

	memset(atuple, 0, sizeof(atuple));

	atuple->use_count = dbi_result_get_ulonglong(result, "use_count");
	atuple->key_seq = dbi_result_get_ulonglong(result, "key_seq");

	len = dbi_result_get_field_length(result, "rand");
	if (len != sizeof(atuple->rand))
		goto err_size;

	blob = dbi_result_get_binary(result, "rand");
	memcpy(atuple->rand, blob, len);

	len = dbi_result_get_field_length(result, "sres");
	if (len != sizeof(atuple->sres))
		goto err_size;

	blob = dbi_result_get_binary(result, "sres");
	memcpy(atuple->sres, blob, len);

	len = dbi_result_get_field_length(result, "kc");
	if (len != sizeof(atuple->kc))
		goto err_size;

	blob = dbi_result_get_binary(result, "kc");
	memcpy(atuple->kc, blob, len);

	dbi_result_free(result);

	return 0;

err_size:
	dbi_result_free(result);
	return -EIO;
}

int set_lastauthtuple_for_subscr(struct gsm_auth_tuple *atuple,
                                 struct gsm_subscriber *subscr)
{
	dbi_result result;
	int rc, upd;
	struct gsm_auth_tuple atuple_old;
	unsigned char *rand_str, *sres_str, *kc_str;

	/* Deletion ? */
	if (atuple == NULL) {
		result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
			"DELETE FROM AuthLastTuples WHERE subscriber_id=%u",
			subscr->id);

		if (!result)
			return -EIO;

		dbi_result_free(result);

		return 0;
	}

	/* Check if already existing */
	rc = get_lastauthtuple_by_subscr(&atuple_old, subscr);
	if (rc && rc != -ENOENT)
		return rc;
	upd = rc ? 0 : 1;

	/* Update / Insert */
	dbi_conn_quote_binary_copy(conn,
		atuple->rand, sizeof(atuple->rand), &rand_str);
	dbi_conn_quote_binary_copy(conn,
		atuple->sres, sizeof(atuple->sres), &sres_str);
	dbi_conn_quote_binary_copy(conn,
		atuple->kc, sizeof(atuple->kc), &kc_str);

	if (!upd) {
		result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
				"INSERT INTO AuthLastTuples "
				"(subscriber_id, issued, use_count, "
				 "key_seq, rand, sres, kc) "
				"VALUES (%u, datetime('now'), %u, "
				 "%u, %s, %s, %s ) ",
				subscr->id, atuple->use_count, atuple->key_seq,
				rand_str, sres_str, kc_str);
	} else {
		char *issued = atuple->key_seq == atuple_old.key_seq ?
					"issued" : "datetime('now')";
		result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
				"UPDATE AuthKeys "
				"SET issued=%s, use_count=%u, "
				 "key_seq=%u, rand=%s, sres=%s, kc=%s "
				"WHERE subscriber_id = %u",
				issued, atuple->use_count, atuple->key_seq,
				rand_str, sres_str, kc_str, subscr->id);
	}

	free(rand_str);
	free(sres_str);
	free(kc_str);

	if (!result)
		return -EIO;

	dbi_result_free(result);

	return 0;
}

#define BASE_QUERY "SELECT * FROM Subscriber "
struct gsm_subscriber *db_get_subscriber(struct gsm_network *net,
					 enum gsm_subscriber_field field,
					 const char *id)
{
	dbi_result result;
	const char *string;
	char *quoted;
	struct gsm_subscriber *subscr;

	switch (field) {
	case GSM_SUBSCRIBER_IMSI:
		dbi_conn_quote_string_copy(conn, id, &quoted);
		result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
			BASE_QUERY
			"WHERE imsi = %s ",
			quoted
		);
		free(quoted);
		break;
	case GSM_SUBSCRIBER_TMSI:
		dbi_conn_quote_string_copy(conn, id, &quoted);
		result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
			BASE_QUERY
			"WHERE tmsi = %s ",
			quoted
		);
		free(quoted);
		break;
	case GSM_SUBSCRIBER_EXTENSION:
		dbi_conn_quote_string_copy(conn, id, &quoted);
		result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
			BASE_QUERY
			"WHERE extension = %s ",
			quoted
		);
		free(quoted);
		break;
	case GSM_SUBSCRIBER_ID:
		dbi_conn_quote_string_copy(conn, id, &quoted);
		result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
			BASE_QUERY
			"WHERE id = %s ", quoted);
		free(quoted);
		break;
	default:
		LOGP(DDB, LOGL_NOTICE, "Unknown query selector for Subscriber.\n");
		return NULL;
	}
	if (!result) {
		LOGP(DDB, LOGL_ERROR, "Failed to query Subscriber.\n");
		return NULL;
	}
	if (!dbi_result_next_row(result)) {
		DEBUGP(DDB, "Failed to find the Subscriber. '%u' '%s'\n",
			field, id);
		dbi_result_free(result);
		return NULL;
	}

	subscr = subscr_alloc();
	subscr->net = net;
	subscr->id = dbi_result_get_ulonglong(result, "id");
	string = dbi_result_get_string(result, "imsi");
	if (string)
		strncpy(subscr->imsi, string, GSM_IMSI_LENGTH);

	string = dbi_result_get_string(result, "tmsi");
	if (string)
		subscr->tmsi = tmsi_from_string(string);

	string = dbi_result_get_string(result, "name");
	if (string)
		strncpy(subscr->name, string, GSM_NAME_LENGTH);

	string = dbi_result_get_string(result, "extension");
	if (string)
		strncpy(subscr->extension, string, GSM_EXTENSION_LENGTH);

	subscr->lac = dbi_result_get_uint(result, "lac");
	subscr->authorized = dbi_result_get_uint(result, "authorized");
	DEBUGP(DDB, "Found Subscriber: ID %llu, IMSI %s, NAME '%s', TMSI %u, EXTEN '%s', LAC %hu, AUTH %u\n",
		subscr->id, subscr->imsi, subscr->name, subscr->tmsi, subscr->extension,
		subscr->lac, subscr->authorized);
	dbi_result_free(result);

	get_equipment_by_subscr(subscr);

	return subscr;
}

int db_sync_subscriber(struct gsm_subscriber *subscriber)
{
	dbi_result result;
	char tmsi[14];
	char *q_tmsi;

	if (subscriber->tmsi != GSM_RESERVED_TMSI) {
		sprintf(tmsi, "%u", subscriber->tmsi);
		dbi_conn_quote_string_copy(conn,
				   tmsi,
				   &q_tmsi);
	} else
		q_tmsi = strdup("NULL");

	result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
		"UPDATE Subscriber "
		"SET updated = datetime('now'), "
		"name = '%s', "
		"extension = '%s', "
		"authorized = %i, "
		"tmsi = %s, "
		"lac = %i "
		"WHERE imsi = %s ",
		subscriber->name,
		subscriber->extension,
		subscriber->authorized,
		q_tmsi,
		subscriber->lac,
		subscriber->imsi);

	free(q_tmsi);

	if (!result) {
		LOGP(DDB, LOGL_ERROR, "Failed to update Subscriber (by IMSI).\n");
		return 1;
	}

	dbi_result_free(result);

	return 0;
}

int db_sync_equipment(struct gsm_equipment *equip)
{
	dbi_result result;
	unsigned char *cm2, *cm3;
	u_int8_t classmark1;

	memcpy(&classmark1, &equip->classmark1, sizeof(classmark1));
	DEBUGP(DDB, "Sync Equipment IMEI=%s, classmark1=%02x",
		equip->imei, classmark1);
	if (equip->classmark2_len)
		DEBUGPC(DDB, ", classmark2=%s",
			hexdump(equip->classmark2, equip->classmark2_len));
	if (equip->classmark3_len)
		DEBUGPC(DDB, ", classmark3=%s",
			hexdump(equip->classmark3, equip->classmark3_len));
	DEBUGPC(DDB, "\n");

	dbi_conn_quote_binary_copy(conn, equip->classmark2,
				   equip->classmark2_len, &cm2);
	dbi_conn_quote_binary_copy(conn, equip->classmark3,
				   equip->classmark3_len, &cm3);

	result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
		"UPDATE Equipment SET "
			"updated = datetime('now'), "
			"classmark1 = %u, "
			"classmark2 = %s, "
			"classmark3 = %s "
		"WHERE imei = '%s' ",
		classmark1, cm2, cm3, equip->imei);

	free(cm2);
	free(cm3);

	if (!result) {
		LOGP(DDB, LOGL_ERROR, "Failed to update Equipment\n");
		return -EIO;
	}

	dbi_result_free(result);
	return 0;
}

int db_subscriber_alloc_tmsi(struct gsm_subscriber *subscriber)
{
	dbi_result result = NULL;
	char tmsi[14];
	char* tmsi_quoted;

	for (;;) {
		subscriber->tmsi = rand();
		if (subscriber->tmsi == GSM_RESERVED_TMSI)
			continue;

		sprintf(tmsi, "%u", subscriber->tmsi);
		dbi_conn_quote_string_copy(conn, tmsi, &tmsi_quoted);
		result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
			"SELECT * FROM Subscriber "
			"WHERE tmsi = %s ",
			tmsi_quoted);

		free(tmsi_quoted);

		if (!result) {
			LOGP(DDB, LOGL_ERROR, "Failed to query Subscriber "
				"while allocating new TMSI.\n");
			return 1;
		}
		if (dbi_result_get_numrows(result)) {
			dbi_result_free(result);
			continue;
		}
		if (!dbi_result_next_row(result)) {
			dbi_result_free(result);
			DEBUGP(DDB, "Allocated TMSI %u for IMSI %s.\n",
				subscriber->tmsi, subscriber->imsi);
			return db_sync_subscriber(subscriber);
		}
		dbi_result_free(result);
	}
	return 0;
}

int db_subscriber_alloc_exten(struct gsm_subscriber *subscriber)
{
	dbi_result result = NULL;
	u_int32_t try;

	for (;;) {
		try = (rand()%(GSM_MAX_EXTEN-GSM_MIN_EXTEN+1)+GSM_MIN_EXTEN);
		result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
			"SELECT * FROM Subscriber "
			"WHERE extension = %i",
			try
		);
		if (!result) {
			LOGP(DDB, LOGL_ERROR, "Failed to query Subscriber "
				"while allocating new extension.\n");
			return 1;
		}
		if (dbi_result_get_numrows(result)){
			dbi_result_free(result);
			continue;
		}
		if (!dbi_result_next_row(result)) {
			dbi_result_free(result);
			break;
		}
		dbi_result_free(result);
	}
	sprintf(subscriber->extension, "%i", try);
	DEBUGP(DDB, "Allocated extension %i for IMSI %s.\n", try, subscriber->imsi);
	return db_sync_subscriber(subscriber);
}
/*
 * try to allocate a new unique token for this subscriber and return it
 * via a parameter. if the subscriber already has a token, return
 * an error.
 */

int db_subscriber_alloc_token(struct gsm_subscriber *subscriber, u_int32_t *token)
{
	dbi_result result;
	u_int32_t try;

	for (;;) {
		try = rand();
		if (!try) /* 0 is an invalid token */
			continue;
		result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
			"SELECT * FROM AuthToken "
			"WHERE subscriber_id = %llu OR token = \"%08X\" ",
			subscriber->id, try);
		if (!result) {
			LOGP(DDB, LOGL_ERROR, "Failed to query AuthToken "
				"while allocating new token.\n");
			return 1;
		}
		if (dbi_result_get_numrows(result)) {
			dbi_result_free(result);
			continue;
		}
		if (!dbi_result_next_row(result)) {
			dbi_result_free(result);
			break;
		}
		dbi_result_free(result);
	}
	result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
		"INSERT INTO AuthToken "
		"(subscriber_id, created, token) "
		"VALUES "
		"(%llu, datetime('now'), \"%08X\") ",
		subscriber->id, try);
	if (!result) {
		LOGP(DDB, LOGL_ERROR, "Failed to create token %08X for "
			"IMSI %s.\n", try, subscriber->imsi);
		return 1;
	}
	dbi_result_free(result);
	*token = try;
	DEBUGP(DDB, "Allocated token %08X for IMSI %s.\n", try, subscriber->imsi);

	return 0;
}

int db_subscriber_assoc_imei(struct gsm_subscriber *subscriber, char imei[GSM_IMEI_LENGTH])
{
	unsigned long long equipment_id, watch_id;
	dbi_result result;

	strncpy(subscriber->equipment.imei, imei,
		sizeof(subscriber->equipment.imei)-1),

	result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
		"INSERT OR IGNORE INTO Equipment "
		"(imei, created, updated) "
		"VALUES "
		"(%s, datetime('now'), datetime('now')) ",
		imei);
	if (!result) {
		LOGP(DDB, LOGL_ERROR, "Failed to create Equipment by IMEI.\n");
		return 1;
	}

	equipment_id = 0;
	if (dbi_result_get_numrows_affected(result)) {
		equipment_id = dbi_conn_sequence_last(conn, NULL);
	}
	dbi_result_free(result);

	if (equipment_id)
		DEBUGP(DDB, "New Equipment: ID %llu, IMEI %s\n", equipment_id, imei);
	else {
		result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
			"SELECT id FROM Equipment "
			"WHERE imei = %s ",
			imei
		);
		if (!result) {
			LOGP(DDB, LOGL_ERROR, "Failed to query Equipment by IMEI.\n");
			return 1;
		}
		if (!dbi_result_next_row(result)) {
			LOGP(DDB, LOGL_ERROR, "Failed to find the Equipment.\n");
			dbi_result_free(result);
			return 1;
		}
		equipment_id = dbi_result_get_ulonglong(result, "id");
		dbi_result_free(result);
	}

	result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
		"INSERT OR IGNORE INTO EquipmentWatch "
		"(subscriber_id, equipment_id, created, updated) "
		"VALUES "
		"(%llu, %llu, datetime('now'), datetime('now')) ",
		subscriber->id, equipment_id);
	if (!result) {
		LOGP(DDB, LOGL_ERROR, "Failed to create EquipmentWatch.\n");
		return 1;
	}

	watch_id = 0;
	if (dbi_result_get_numrows_affected(result))
		watch_id = dbi_conn_sequence_last(conn, NULL);

	dbi_result_free(result);
	if (watch_id)
		DEBUGP(DDB, "New EquipmentWatch: ID %llu, IMSI %s, IMEI %s\n",
			equipment_id, subscriber->imsi, imei);
	else {
		result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
			"UPDATE EquipmentWatch "
			"SET updated = datetime('now') "
			"WHERE subscriber_id = %llu AND equipment_id = %llu ",
			subscriber->id, equipment_id);
		if (!result) {
			LOGP(DDB, LOGL_ERROR, "Failed to update EquipmentWatch.\n");
			return 1;
		}
		dbi_result_free(result);
		DEBUGP(DDB, "Updated EquipmentWatch: ID %llu, IMSI %s, IMEI %s\n",
			equipment_id, subscriber->imsi, imei);
	}

	return 0;
}

/* store an [unsent] SMS to the database */
int db_sms_store(struct gsm_sms *sms)
{
	dbi_result result;
	char *q_text, *q_daddr;
	unsigned char *q_udata;
	char *validity_timestamp = "2222-2-2";

	/* FIXME: generate validity timestamp based on validity_minutes */

	dbi_conn_quote_string_copy(conn, (char *)sms->text, &q_text);
	dbi_conn_quote_string_copy(conn, (char *)sms->dest_addr, &q_daddr);
	dbi_conn_quote_binary_copy(conn, sms->user_data, sms->user_data_len,
				   &q_udata);
	/* FIXME: correct validity period */
	result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
		"INSERT INTO SMS "
		"(created, sender_id, receiver_id, valid_until, "
		 "reply_path_req, status_rep_req, protocol_id, "
		 "data_coding_scheme, ud_hdr_ind, dest_addr, "
		 "user_data, text) VALUES "
		"(datetime('now'), %llu, %llu, %u, "
		 "%u, %u, %u, %u, %u, %s, %s, %s)",
		sms->sender->id,
		sms->receiver ? sms->receiver->id : 0, validity_timestamp,
		sms->reply_path_req, sms->status_rep_req, sms->protocol_id,
		sms->data_coding_scheme, sms->ud_hdr_ind,
		q_daddr, q_udata, q_text);
	free(q_text);
	free(q_daddr);
	free(q_udata);

	if (!result)
		return -EIO;

	dbi_result_free(result);
	return 0;
}

static struct gsm_sms *sms_from_result(struct gsm_network *net, dbi_result result)
{
	struct gsm_sms *sms = sms_alloc();
	long long unsigned int sender_id, receiver_id;
	const char *text, *daddr;
	const unsigned char *user_data;

	if (!sms)
		return NULL;

	sms->id = dbi_result_get_ulonglong(result, "id");

	sender_id = dbi_result_get_ulonglong(result, "sender_id");
	sms->sender = subscr_get_by_id(net, sender_id);

	receiver_id = dbi_result_get_ulonglong(result, "receiver_id");
	sms->receiver = subscr_get_by_id(net, receiver_id);

	/* FIXME: validity */
	/* FIXME: those should all be get_uchar, but sqlite3 is braindead */
	sms->reply_path_req = dbi_result_get_uint(result, "reply_path_req");
	sms->status_rep_req = dbi_result_get_uint(result, "status_rep_req");
	sms->ud_hdr_ind = dbi_result_get_uint(result, "ud_hdr_ind");
	sms->protocol_id = dbi_result_get_uint(result, "protocol_id");
	sms->data_coding_scheme = dbi_result_get_uint(result,
						  "data_coding_scheme");
	/* sms->msg_ref is temporary and not stored in DB */

	daddr = dbi_result_get_string(result, "dest_addr");
	if (daddr) {
		strncpy(sms->dest_addr, daddr, sizeof(sms->dest_addr));
		sms->dest_addr[sizeof(sms->dest_addr)-1] = '\0';
	}

	sms->user_data_len = dbi_result_get_field_length(result, "user_data");
	user_data = dbi_result_get_binary(result, "user_data");
	if (sms->user_data_len > sizeof(sms->user_data))
		sms->user_data_len = (u_int8_t) sizeof(sms->user_data);
	memcpy(sms->user_data, user_data, sms->user_data_len);

	text = dbi_result_get_string(result, "text");
	if (text) {
		strncpy(sms->text, text, sizeof(sms->text));
		sms->text[sizeof(sms->text)-1] = '\0';
	}
	return sms;
}

/* retrieve the next unsent SMS with ID >= min_id */
struct gsm_sms *db_sms_get_unsent(struct gsm_network *net, unsigned long long min_id)
{
	dbi_result result;
	struct gsm_sms *sms;

	result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
		"SELECT * FROM SMS,Subscriber "
		"WHERE sms.id >= %llu AND sms.sent is NULL "
			"AND sms.receiver_id = subscriber.id "
			"AND subscriber.lac > 0 "
		"ORDER BY sms.id LIMIT 1",
		min_id);
	if (!result)
		return NULL;

	if (!dbi_result_next_row(result)) {
		dbi_result_free(result);
		return NULL;
	}

	sms = sms_from_result(net, result);

	dbi_result_free(result);

	return sms;
}

struct gsm_sms *db_sms_get_unsent_by_subscr(struct gsm_network *net, unsigned long long min_subscr_id)
{
	dbi_result result;
	struct gsm_sms *sms;

	result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
		"SELECT * FROM SMS,Subscriber "
		"WHERE sms.receiver_id >= %llu AND sms.sent is NULL "
			"AND sms.receiver_id = subscriber.id "
			"AND subscriber.lac > 0 "
		"ORDER BY sms.receiver_id, id LIMIT 1",
		min_subscr_id);
	if (!result)
		return NULL;

	if (!dbi_result_next_row(result)) {
		dbi_result_free(result);
		return NULL;
	}

	sms = sms_from_result(net, result);

	dbi_result_free(result);

	return sms;
}

/* retrieve the next unsent SMS for a given subscriber */
struct gsm_sms *db_sms_get_unsent_for_subscr(struct gsm_subscriber *subscr)
{
	dbi_result result;
	struct gsm_sms *sms;

	result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
		"SELECT * FROM SMS,Subscriber "
		"WHERE sms.receiver_id = %llu AND sms.sent is NULL "
			"AND sms.receiver_id = subscriber.id "
			"AND subscriber.lac > 0 "
		"ORDER BY sms.id LIMIT 1",
		subscr->id);
	if (!result)
		return NULL;

	if (!dbi_result_next_row(result)) {
		dbi_result_free(result);
		return NULL;
	}

	sms = sms_from_result(subscr->net, result);

	dbi_result_free(result);

	return sms;
}

/* mark a given SMS as read */
int db_sms_mark_sent(struct gsm_sms *sms)
{
	dbi_result result;

	result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
		"UPDATE SMS "
		"SET sent = datetime('now') "
		"WHERE id = %llu", sms->id);
	if (!result) {
		LOGP(DDB, LOGL_ERROR, "Failed to mark SMS %llu as sent.\n", sms->id);
		return 1;
	}

	dbi_result_free(result);
	return 0;
}

/* increase the number of attempted deliveries */
int db_sms_inc_deliver_attempts(struct gsm_sms *sms)
{
	dbi_result result;

	result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
		"UPDATE SMS "
		"SET deliver_attempts = deliver_attempts + 1 "
		"WHERE id = %llu", sms->id);
	if (!result) {
		LOGP(DDB, LOGL_ERROR, "Failed to inc deliver attempts for "
			"SMS %llu.\n", sms->id);
		return 1;
	}

	dbi_result_free(result);
	return 0;
}

int db_apdu_blob_store(struct gsm_subscriber *subscr,
			u_int8_t apdu_id_flags, u_int8_t len,
			u_int8_t *apdu)
{
	dbi_result result;
	unsigned char *q_apdu;

	dbi_conn_quote_binary_copy(conn, apdu, len, &q_apdu);

	result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
		"INSERT INTO ApduBlobs "
		"(created,subscriber_id,apdu_id_flags,apdu) VALUES "
		"(datetime('now'),%llu,%u,%s)",
		subscr->id, apdu_id_flags, q_apdu);

	free(q_apdu);

	if (!result)
		return -EIO;

	dbi_result_free(result);
	return 0;
}

int db_store_counter(struct counter *ctr)
{
	dbi_result result;
	char *q_name;

	dbi_conn_quote_string_copy(conn, ctr->name, &q_name);

	result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
		"INSERT INTO Counters "
		"(timestamp,name,value) VALUES "
		"(datetime('now'),%s,%lu)", q_name, ctr->value);

	free(q_name);

	if (!result)
		return -EIO;

	dbi_result_free(result);
	return 0;
}

static int db_store_rate_ctr(struct rate_ctr_group *ctrg, unsigned int num,
			     char *q_prefix)
{
	dbi_result result;
	char *q_name;

	dbi_conn_quote_string_copy(conn, ctrg->desc->ctr_desc[num].name,
				   &q_name);

	result = dbi_conn_queryf(conn,
		"Insert INTO RateCounters "
		"(timestamp,name,idx,value) VALUES "
		"(datetime('now'),%s.%s,%u,%"PRIu64")",
		q_prefix, q_name, ctrg->idx, ctrg->ctr[num].current);

	free(q_name);

	if (!result)
		return -EIO;

	dbi_result_free(result);
	return 0;
}

int db_store_rate_ctr_group(struct rate_ctr_group *ctrg)
{
	unsigned int i;
	char *q_prefix;

	dbi_conn_quote_string_copy(conn, ctrg->desc->group_name_prefix, &q_prefix);

	for (i = 0; i < ctrg->desc->num_ctr; i++)
		db_store_rate_ctr(ctrg, i, q_prefix);

	free(q_prefix);

	return 0;
}