diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/BIT_STRING.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/BIT_STRING.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..732e878
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/BIT_STRING.h
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	_BIT_STRING_H_
+#define	_BIT_STRING_H_
+
+#include <OCTET_STRING.h>	/* Some help from OCTET STRING */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+typedef struct BIT_STRING_s {
+	uint8_t *buf;	/* BIT STRING body */
+	int size;	/* Size of the above buffer */
+
+	int bits_unused;/* Unused trailing bits in the last octet (0..7) */
+
+	asn_struct_ctx_t _asn_ctx;	/* Parsing across buffer boundaries */
+} BIT_STRING_t;
+
+extern asn_TYPE_descriptor_t asn_DEF_BIT_STRING;
+
+asn_struct_print_f BIT_STRING_print;	/* Human-readable output */
+asn_constr_check_f BIT_STRING_constraint;
+xer_type_encoder_f BIT_STRING_encode_xer;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _BIT_STRING_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/BOOLEAN.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/BOOLEAN.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8ea2892
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/BOOLEAN.h
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	_BOOLEAN_H_
+#define	_BOOLEAN_H_
+
+#include <asn_application.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * The underlying integer may contain various values, but everything
+ * non-zero is capped to 0xff by the DER encoder. The BER decoder may
+ * yield non-zero values different from 1, beware.
+ */
+typedef int BOOLEAN_t;
+
+extern asn_TYPE_descriptor_t asn_DEF_BOOLEAN;
+
+asn_struct_free_f BOOLEAN_free;
+asn_struct_print_f BOOLEAN_print;
+ber_type_decoder_f BOOLEAN_decode_ber;
+der_type_encoder_f BOOLEAN_encode_der;
+xer_type_decoder_f BOOLEAN_decode_xer;
+xer_type_encoder_f BOOLEAN_encode_xer;
+per_type_decoder_f BOOLEAN_decode_uper;
+per_type_encoder_f BOOLEAN_encode_uper;
+per_type_decoder_f BOOLEAN_decode_aper;
+per_type_encoder_f BOOLEAN_encode_aper;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _BOOLEAN_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/IA5String.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/IA5String.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e2a909d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/IA5String.h
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	_IA5String_H_
+#define	_IA5String_H_
+
+#include <OCTET_STRING.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+typedef OCTET_STRING_t IA5String_t;  /* Implemented via OCTET STRING */
+
+/*
+ * IA5String ASN.1 type definition.
+ */
+extern asn_TYPE_descriptor_t asn_DEF_IA5String;
+
+asn_constr_check_f IA5String_constraint;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _IA5String_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/INTEGER.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/INTEGER.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e8b36c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/INTEGER.h
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2005 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	_INTEGER_H_
+#define	_INTEGER_H_
+
+#include <asn_application.h>
+#include <asn_codecs_prim.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+typedef ASN__PRIMITIVE_TYPE_t INTEGER_t;
+
+extern asn_TYPE_descriptor_t asn_DEF_INTEGER;
+
+/* Map with <tag> to integer value association */
+typedef struct asn_INTEGER_enum_map_s {
+	int64_t		 nat_value;	/* associated native integer value */
+	size_t		 enum_len;	/* strlen("tag") */
+	const char	*enum_name;	/* "tag" */
+} asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t;
+
+/* This type describes an enumeration for INTEGER and ENUMERATED types */
+typedef const struct asn_INTEGER_specifics_s {
+	const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *value2enum;	/* N -> "tag"; sorted by N */
+	const unsigned int *enum2value;		/* "tag" => N; sorted by tag */
+	int map_count;				/* Elements in either map */
+	int extension;				/* This map is extensible */
+	int strict_enumeration;			/* Enumeration set is fixed */
+	int field_width;			/* Size of native integer */
+	int field_unsigned;			/* Signed=0, unsigned=1 */
+} asn_INTEGER_specifics_t;
+
+asn_struct_print_f INTEGER_print;
+ber_type_decoder_f INTEGER_decode_ber;
+der_type_encoder_f INTEGER_encode_der;
+xer_type_decoder_f INTEGER_decode_xer;
+xer_type_encoder_f INTEGER_encode_xer;
+per_type_decoder_f INTEGER_decode_uper;
+per_type_encoder_f INTEGER_encode_uper;
+per_type_decoder_f INTEGER_decode_aper;
+per_type_encoder_f INTEGER_encode_aper;
+
+/***********************************
+ * Some handy conversion routines. *
+ ***********************************/
+
+/*
+ * Returns 0 if it was possible to convert, -1 otherwise.
+ * -1/EINVAL: Mandatory argument missing
+ * -1/ERANGE: Value encoded is out of range for long representation
+ * -1/ENOMEM: Memory allocation failed (in asn_long2INTEGER()).
+ */
+int asn_INTEGER2int64(const INTEGER_t *i, int64_t *l);
+int asn_INTEGER2uint64(const INTEGER_t *i, uint64_t *l);
+int asn_INTEGER2long(const INTEGER_t *i, long *l);
+int asn_INTEGER2ulong(const INTEGER_t *i, unsigned long *l);
+int asn_int642INTEGER(INTEGER_t *i, int64_t l);
+int asn_uint642INTEGER(INTEGER_t *i, uint64_t l);
+int asn_long2INTEGER(INTEGER_t *i, long l);
+int asn_ulong2INTEGER(INTEGER_t *i, unsigned long l);
+
+/* A a reified version of strtol(3) with nicer error reporting. */
+enum asn_strtol_result_e {
+    ASN_STRTOL_ERROR_RANGE = -3,  /* Input outside of numeric range for long type */
+    ASN_STRTOL_ERROR_INVAL = -2,  /* Invalid data encountered (e.g., "+-") */
+    ASN_STRTOL_EXPECT_MORE = -1,  /* More data expected (e.g. "+") */
+    ASN_STRTOL_OK          =  0,  /* Conversion succeded, number ends at (*end) */
+    ASN_STRTOL_EXTRA_DATA  =  1,  /* Conversion succeded, but the string has extra stuff */
+};
+enum asn_strtol_result_e asn_strtol_lim(const char *str, const char **end, long *l);
+
+/* The asn_strtol is going to be DEPRECATED soon */
+enum asn_strtol_result_e asn_strtol(const char *str, const char *end, long *l);
+
+/*
+ * Convert the integer value into the corresponding enumeration map entry.
+ */
+const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *INTEGER_map_value2enum(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs, long value);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _INTEGER_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/Makefile.am b/include/osmocom/rspro/Makefile.am
index fee7733..f189c0a 100644
--- a/include/osmocom/rspro/Makefile.am
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/Makefile.am
@@ -37,6 +37,33 @@
 	TpduModemToCard.h \
 	$(NULL)
 
+noinst_HEADERS+=BOOLEAN.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=INTEGER.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=NativeEnumerated.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=IA5String.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=NativeInteger.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=constr_CHOICE.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=constr_SEQUENCE.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=asn_application.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=asn_system.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=asn_codecs.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=asn_internal.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=OCTET_STRING.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=BIT_STRING.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=asn_codecs_prim.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=ber_tlv_length.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=ber_tlv_tag.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=ber_decoder.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=der_encoder.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=constr_TYPE.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=constraints.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=xer_support.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=xer_decoder.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=xer_encoder.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=per_support.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=per_decoder.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=per_encoder.h
+noinst_HEADERS+=per_opentype.h
 
 rspro_HEADERS = \
 	rspro_client.h
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/NativeEnumerated.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/NativeEnumerated.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9db2611
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/NativeEnumerated.h
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2004, 2005, 2006 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+/*
+ * This type differs from the standard ENUMERATED in that it is modelled using
+ * the fixed machine type (long, int, short), so it can hold only values of
+ * limited length. There is no type (i.e., NativeEnumerated_t, any integer type
+ * will do).
+ * This type may be used when integer range is limited by subtype constraints.
+ */
+#ifndef	_NativeEnumerated_H_
+#define	_NativeEnumerated_H_
+
+#include <NativeInteger.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+extern asn_TYPE_descriptor_t asn_DEF_NativeEnumerated;
+
+xer_type_encoder_f NativeEnumerated_encode_xer;
+per_type_decoder_f NativeEnumerated_decode_uper;
+per_type_encoder_f NativeEnumerated_encode_uper;
+per_type_decoder_f NativeEnumerated_decode_aper;
+per_type_encoder_f NativeEnumerated_encode_aper;
+asn_struct_print_f NativeEnumerated_print;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _NativeEnumerated_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/NativeInteger.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/NativeInteger.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..14aa1a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/NativeInteger.h
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2004 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+/*
+ * This type differs from the standard INTEGER in that it is modelled using
+ * the fixed machine type (long, int, short), so it can hold only values of
+ * limited length. There is no type (i.e., NativeInteger_t, any integer type
+ * will do).
+ * This type may be used when integer range is limited by subtype constraints.
+ */
+#ifndef	_NativeInteger_H_
+#define	_NativeInteger_H_
+
+#include <asn_application.h>
+#include <INTEGER.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+extern asn_TYPE_descriptor_t asn_DEF_NativeInteger;
+
+asn_struct_free_f  NativeInteger_free;
+asn_struct_print_f NativeInteger_print;
+ber_type_decoder_f NativeInteger_decode_ber;
+der_type_encoder_f NativeInteger_encode_der;
+xer_type_decoder_f NativeInteger_decode_xer;
+xer_type_encoder_f NativeInteger_encode_xer;
+per_type_decoder_f NativeInteger_decode_uper;
+per_type_encoder_f NativeInteger_encode_uper;
+per_type_decoder_f NativeInteger_decode_aper;
+per_type_encoder_f NativeInteger_encode_aper;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _NativeInteger_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/OCTET_STRING.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/OCTET_STRING.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc25666
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/OCTET_STRING.h
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	_OCTET_STRING_H_
+#define	_OCTET_STRING_H_
+
+#include <asn_application.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+typedef struct OCTET_STRING {
+	uint8_t *buf;	/* Buffer with consecutive OCTET_STRING bits */
+	int size;	/* Size of the buffer */
+
+	asn_struct_ctx_t _asn_ctx;	/* Parsing across buffer boundaries */
+} OCTET_STRING_t;
+
+extern asn_TYPE_descriptor_t asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING;
+
+asn_struct_free_f OCTET_STRING_free;
+asn_struct_print_f OCTET_STRING_print;
+asn_struct_print_f OCTET_STRING_print_utf8;
+ber_type_decoder_f OCTET_STRING_decode_ber;
+der_type_encoder_f OCTET_STRING_encode_der;
+xer_type_decoder_f OCTET_STRING_decode_xer_hex;		/* Hexadecimal */
+xer_type_decoder_f OCTET_STRING_decode_xer_binary;	/* 01010111010 */
+xer_type_decoder_f OCTET_STRING_decode_xer_utf8;	/* ASCII/UTF-8 */
+xer_type_encoder_f OCTET_STRING_encode_xer;
+xer_type_encoder_f OCTET_STRING_encode_xer_utf8;
+per_type_decoder_f OCTET_STRING_decode_uper;
+per_type_encoder_f OCTET_STRING_encode_uper;
+per_type_decoder_f OCTET_STRING_decode_aper;
+per_type_encoder_f OCTET_STRING_encode_aper;
+
+/******************************
+ * Handy conversion routines. *
+ ******************************/
+
+/*
+ * This function clears the previous value of the OCTET STRING (if any)
+ * and then allocates a new memory with the specified content (str/size).
+ * If size = -1, the size of the original string will be determined
+ * using strlen(str).
+ * If str equals to NULL, the function will silently clear the
+ * current contents of the OCTET STRING.
+ * Returns 0 if it was possible to perform operation, -1 otherwise.
+ */
+int OCTET_STRING_fromBuf(OCTET_STRING_t *s, const char *str, int size);
+
+/* Handy conversion from the C string into the OCTET STRING. */
+#define	OCTET_STRING_fromString(s, str)	OCTET_STRING_fromBuf(s, str, -1)
+
+/*
+ * Allocate and fill the new OCTET STRING and return a pointer to the newly
+ * allocated object. NULL is permitted in str: the function will just allocate
+ * empty OCTET STRING.
+ */
+OCTET_STRING_t *OCTET_STRING_new_fromBuf(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	const char *str, int size);
+
+/****************************
+ * Internally useful stuff. *
+ ****************************/
+
+typedef const struct asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_s {
+	/*
+	 * Target structure description.
+	 */
+	int struct_size;	/* Size of the structure */
+	int ctx_offset;		/* Offset of the asn_struct_ctx_t member */
+
+	enum asn_OS_Subvariant {
+		ASN_OSUBV_ANY,	/* The open type (ANY) */
+		ASN_OSUBV_BIT,	/* BIT STRING */
+		ASN_OSUBV_STR,	/* String types, not {BMP,Universal}String  */
+		ASN_OSUBV_U16,	/* 16-bit character (BMPString) */
+		ASN_OSUBV_U32	/* 32-bit character (UniversalString) */
+	} subvariant;
+} asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _OCTET_STRING_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/asn_application.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/asn_application.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f40cd86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/asn_application.h
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2004, 2006 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+/*
+ * Application-level ASN.1 callbacks.
+ */
+#ifndef	_ASN_APPLICATION_H_
+#define	_ASN_APPLICATION_H_
+
+#include "asn_system.h"		/* for platform-dependent types */
+#include "asn_codecs.h"		/* for ASN.1 codecs specifics */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Generic type of an application-defined callback to return various
+ * types of data to the application.
+ * EXPECTED RETURN VALUES:
+ *  -1: Failed to consume bytes. Abort the mission.
+ * Non-negative return values indicate success, and ignored.
+ */
+typedef int (asn_app_consume_bytes_f)(const void *buffer, size_t size,
+	void *application_specific_key);
+
+/*
+ * A callback of this type is called whenever constraint validation fails
+ * on some ASN.1 type. See "constraints.h" for more details on constraint
+ * validation.
+ * This callback specifies a descriptor of the ASN.1 type which failed
+ * the constraint check, as well as human readable message on what
+ * particular constraint has failed.
+ */
+typedef void (asn_app_constraint_failed_f)(void *application_specific_key,
+	struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor_which_failed,
+	const void *structure_which_failed_ptr,
+	const char *error_message_format, ...) GCC_PRINTFLIKE(4, 5);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#include "constr_TYPE.h"	/* for asn_TYPE_descriptor_t */
+
+#endif	/* _ASN_APPLICATION_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/asn_codecs.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/asn_codecs.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e560014
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/asn_codecs.h
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004, 2005 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	_ASN_CODECS_H_
+#define	_ASN_CODECS_H_
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s;	/* Forward declaration */
+
+/*
+ * This structure defines a set of parameters that may be passed
+ * to every ASN.1 encoder or decoder function.
+ * WARNING: if max_stack_size member is set, and you are calling the
+ *   function pointers of the asn_TYPE_descriptor_t directly,
+ *   this structure must be ALLOCATED ON THE STACK!
+ *   If you can't always satisfy this requirement, use ber_decode(),
+ *   xer_decode() and uper_decode() functions instead.
+ */
+typedef struct asn_codec_ctx_s {
+	/*
+	 * Limit the decoder routines to use no (much) more stack than a given
+	 * number of bytes. Most of decoders are stack-based, and this
+	 * would protect against stack overflows if the number of nested
+	 * encodings is high.
+	 * The OCTET STRING, BIT STRING and ANY BER decoders are heap-based,
+	 * and are safe from this kind of overflow.
+	 * A value from getrlimit(RLIMIT_STACK) may be used to initialize
+	 * this variable. Be careful in multithreaded environments, as the
+	 * stack size is rather limited.
+	 */
+	size_t  max_stack_size; /* 0 disables stack bounds checking */
+} asn_codec_ctx_t;
+
+/*
+ * Type of the return value of the encoding functions (der_encode, xer_encode).
+ */
+typedef struct asn_enc_rval_s {
+	/*
+	 * Number of bytes encoded.
+	 * -1 indicates failure to encode the structure.
+	 * In this case, the members below this one are meaningful.
+	 */
+	ssize_t encoded;
+
+	/*
+	 * Members meaningful when (encoded == -1), for post mortem analysis.
+	 */
+
+	/* Type which cannot be encoded */
+	struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *failed_type;
+
+	/* Pointer to the structure of that type */
+	void *structure_ptr;
+} asn_enc_rval_t;
+#define	_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED do {					\
+	asn_enc_rval_t tmp_error;				\
+	tmp_error.encoded = -1;					\
+	tmp_error.failed_type = td;				\
+	tmp_error.structure_ptr = sptr;				\
+	ASN_DEBUG("Failed to encode element %s", td ? td->name : "");	\
+	return tmp_error;					\
+} while(0)
+#define	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(rval) do {				\
+	rval.structure_ptr = 0;					\
+	rval.failed_type = 0;					\
+	return rval;						\
+} while(0)
+
+/*
+ * Type of the return value of the decoding functions (ber_decode, xer_decode)
+ * 
+ * Please note that the number of consumed bytes is ALWAYS meaningful,
+ * even if code==RC_FAIL. This is to indicate the number of successfully
+ * decoded bytes, hence providing a possibility to fail with more diagnostics
+ * (i.e., print the offending remainder of the buffer).
+ */
+enum asn_dec_rval_code_e {
+	RC_OK,		/* Decoded successfully */
+	RC_WMORE,	/* More data expected, call again */
+	RC_FAIL		/* Failure to decode data */
+};
+typedef struct asn_dec_rval_s {
+	enum asn_dec_rval_code_e code;	/* Result code */
+	size_t consumed;		/* Number of bytes consumed */
+} asn_dec_rval_t;
+#define	_ASN_DECODE_FAILED do {					\
+	asn_dec_rval_t tmp_error;				\
+	tmp_error.code = RC_FAIL;				\
+	tmp_error.consumed = 0;					\
+	ASN_DEBUG("Failed to decode element %s", td ? td->name : "");	\
+	return tmp_error;					\
+} while(0)
+#define	_ASN_DECODE_STARVED do {				\
+	asn_dec_rval_t tmp_error;				\
+	tmp_error.code = RC_WMORE;				\
+	tmp_error.consumed = 0;					\
+	return tmp_error;					\
+} while(0)
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _ASN_CODECS_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/asn_codecs_prim.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/asn_codecs_prim.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f683fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/asn_codecs_prim.h
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2004 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	ASN_CODECS_PRIM_H
+#define	ASN_CODECS_PRIM_H
+
+#include <asn_application.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+typedef struct ASN__PRIMITIVE_TYPE_s {
+	uint8_t *buf;	/* Buffer with consecutive primitive encoding bytes */
+	int size;	/* Size of the buffer */
+} ASN__PRIMITIVE_TYPE_t;	/* Do not use this type directly! */
+
+asn_struct_free_f ASN__PRIMITIVE_TYPE_free;
+ber_type_decoder_f ber_decode_primitive;
+der_type_encoder_f der_encode_primitive;
+
+/*
+ * A callback specification for the xer_decode_primitive() function below.
+ */
+enum xer_pbd_rval {
+	XPBD_SYSTEM_FAILURE,	/* System failure (memory shortage, etc) */
+	XPBD_DECODER_LIMIT,	/* Hit some decoder limitation or deficiency */
+	XPBD_BROKEN_ENCODING,	/* Encoding of a primitive body is broken */
+	XPBD_NOT_BODY_IGNORE,	/* Not a body format, but safe to ignore */
+	XPBD_BODY_CONSUMED	/* Body is recognized and consumed */
+};
+typedef enum xer_pbd_rval (xer_primitive_body_decoder_f)
+	(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *struct_ptr,
+		const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size);
+
+/*
+ * Specific function to decode simple primitive types.
+ * Also see xer_decode_general() in xer_decoder.h
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t xer_decode_primitive(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *type_descriptor,
+	void **struct_ptr, size_t struct_size,
+	const char *opt_mname,
+	const void *buf_ptr, size_t size,
+	xer_primitive_body_decoder_f *prim_body_decoder
+);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* ASN_CODECS_PRIM_H */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/asn_internal.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/asn_internal.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..561dcf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/asn_internal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+/*
+ * Declarations internally useful for the ASN.1 support code.
+ */
+#ifndef	_ASN_INTERNAL_H_
+#define	_ASN_INTERNAL_H_
+
+#include "asn_application.h"	/* Application-visible API */
+
+#ifndef	__NO_ASSERT_H__		/* Include assert.h only for internal use. */
+#include <assert.h>		/* for assert() macro */
+#endif
+
+#ifdef	__cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/* Environment version might be used to avoid running with the old library */
+#define	ASN1C_ENVIRONMENT_VERSION	924	/* Compile-time version */
+int get_asn1c_environment_version(void);	/* Run-time version */
+
+#define	CALLOC(nmemb, size)	calloc(nmemb, size)
+#define	MALLOC(size)		malloc(size)
+#define	REALLOC(oldptr, size)	realloc(oldptr, size)
+#define	FREEMEM(ptr)		free(ptr)
+
+#define	asn_debug_indent	0
+#define ASN_DEBUG_INDENT_ADD(i) do{}while(0)
+
+/*
+ * A macro for debugging the ASN.1 internals.
+ * You may enable or override it.
+ */
+#ifndef	ASN_DEBUG	/* If debugging code is not defined elsewhere... */
+#if	EMIT_ASN_DEBUG == 1	/* And it was asked to emit this code... */
+#ifdef	__GNUC__
+#ifdef	ASN_THREAD_SAFE
+/* Thread safety requires sacrifice in output indentation:
+ * Retain empty definition of ASN_DEBUG_INDENT_ADD. */
+#else	/* !ASN_THREAD_SAFE */
+#undef  ASN_DEBUG_INDENT_ADD
+#undef  asn_debug_indent
+int asn_debug_indent;
+#define ASN_DEBUG_INDENT_ADD(i) do { asn_debug_indent += i; } while(0)
+#endif	/* ASN_THREAD_SAFE */
+extern int asn_debug; /* Allow option on execution */
+#define	ASN_DEBUG(fmt, args...) \
+if (asn_debug) {    \
+    do {			\
+		int adi = asn_debug_indent;		\
+		while(adi--) fprintf(stderr, " ");	\
+		fprintf(stderr, fmt, ##args);		\
+		fprintf(stderr, " (%s:%d)\n",		\
+			__FILE__, __LINE__);		\
+	} while(0);  \
+}
+#else	/* !__GNUC__ */
+void ASN_DEBUG_f(const char *fmt, ...);
+#define	ASN_DEBUG	ASN_DEBUG_f
+#endif	/* __GNUC__ */
+#else	/* EMIT_ASN_DEBUG != 1 */
+static inline void ASN_DEBUG(const char *fmt, ...) { (void)fmt; }
+#endif	/* EMIT_ASN_DEBUG */
+#endif	/* ASN_DEBUG */
+
+/*
+ * Invoke the application-supplied callback and fail, if something is wrong.
+ */
+#define	__ASN_E_cbc(buf, size)	(cb((buf), (size), app_key) < 0)
+#define	_ASN_E_CALLBACK(foo)	do {					\
+		if(foo)	goto cb_failed;					\
+	} while(0)
+#define	_ASN_CALLBACK(buf, size)					\
+	_ASN_E_CALLBACK(__ASN_E_cbc(buf, size))
+#define	_ASN_CALLBACK2(buf1, size1, buf2, size2)			\
+	_ASN_E_CALLBACK(__ASN_E_cbc(buf1, size1) || __ASN_E_cbc(buf2, size2))
+#define	_ASN_CALLBACK3(buf1, size1, buf2, size2, buf3, size3)		\
+	_ASN_E_CALLBACK(__ASN_E_cbc(buf1, size1)			\
+		|| __ASN_E_cbc(buf2, size2)				\
+		|| __ASN_E_cbc(buf3, size3))
+
+#define	_i_ASN_TEXT_INDENT(nl, level) do {				\
+	int __level = (level);						\
+	int __nl = ((nl) != 0);						\
+	int __i;							\
+	if(__nl) _ASN_CALLBACK("\n", 1);				\
+	if(__level < 0) __level = 0;					\
+	for(__i = 0; __i < __level; __i++)				\
+		_ASN_CALLBACK("    ", 4);				\
+	er.encoded += __nl + 4 * __level;				\
+} while(0)
+
+#define	_i_INDENT(nl)	do {						\
+	int __i;							\
+	if((nl) && cb("\n", 1, app_key) < 0) return -1;			\
+	for(__i = 0; __i < ilevel; __i++)				\
+		if(cb("    ", 4, app_key) < 0) return -1;		\
+} while(0)
+
+/*
+ * Check stack against overflow, if limit is set.
+ */
+#define	_ASN_DEFAULT_STACK_MAX	(30000)
+static inline int
+_ASN_STACK_OVERFLOW_CHECK(asn_codec_ctx_t *ctx) {
+	if(ctx && ctx->max_stack_size) {
+
+		/* ctx MUST be allocated on the stack */
+		ptrdiff_t usedstack = ((char *)ctx - (char *)&ctx);
+		if(usedstack > 0) usedstack = -usedstack; /* grows up! */
+
+		/* double negative required to avoid int wrap-around */
+		if(usedstack < -(ptrdiff_t)ctx->max_stack_size) {
+			ASN_DEBUG("Stack limit %ld reached",
+				(long)ctx->max_stack_size);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef	__cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _ASN_INTERNAL_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/asn_system.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/asn_system.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e420ad2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/asn_system.h
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004, 2007 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+/*
+ * Miscellaneous system-dependent types.
+ */
+#ifndef	_ASN_SYSTEM_H_
+#define	_ASN_SYSTEM_H_
+
+#ifdef	HAVE_CONFIG_H
+#include "config.h"
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>	/* For snprintf(3) */
+#include <stdlib.h>	/* For *alloc(3) */
+#include <string.h>	/* For memcpy(3) */
+#include <sys/types.h>	/* For size_t */
+#include <limits.h>	/* For LONG_MAX */
+#include <stdarg.h>	/* For va_start */
+#include <stddef.h>	/* for offsetof and ptrdiff_t */
+
+#ifdef	_WIN32
+
+#include <malloc.h>
+#define	 snprintf	_snprintf
+#define	 vsnprintf	_vsnprintf
+
+/* To avoid linking with ws2_32.lib, here's the definition of ntohl() */
+#define sys_ntohl(l)	((((l) << 24)  & 0xff000000)	\
+			| (((l) << 8) & 0xff0000)	\
+			| (((l) >> 8)  & 0xff00)	\
+			| ((l >> 24) & 0xff))
+
+#ifdef _MSC_VER			/* MSVS.Net */
+#ifndef __cplusplus
+#define inline __inline
+#endif
+#ifndef	ASSUMESTDTYPES	/* Standard types have been defined elsewhere */
+#define	ssize_t		SSIZE_T
+typedef	char		int8_t;
+typedef	short		int16_t;
+typedef	int		int32_t;
+typedef	unsigned char	uint8_t;
+typedef	unsigned short	uint16_t;
+typedef	unsigned int	uint32_t;
+#endif	/* ASSUMESTDTYPES */
+#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <float.h>
+#define isnan _isnan
+#define finite _finite
+#define copysign _copysign
+#define	ilogb	_logb
+#else	/* !_MSC_VER */
+#include <stdint.h>
+#endif	/* _MSC_VER */
+
+#else	/* !_WIN32 */
+
+#if defined(__vxworks)
+#include <types/vxTypes.h>
+#else	/* !defined(__vxworks) */
+
+#include <inttypes.h>	/* C99 specifies this file */
+/*
+ * 1. Earlier FreeBSD version didn't have <stdint.h>,
+ * but <inttypes.h> was present.
+ * 2. Sun Solaris requires <alloca.h> for alloca(3),
+ * but does not have <stdint.h>.
+ */
+#if	(!defined(__FreeBSD__) || !defined(_SYS_INTTYPES_H_))
+#if	defined(sun)
+#include <alloca.h>	/* For alloca(3) */
+#include <ieeefp.h>	/* for finite(3) */
+#elif	defined(__hpux)
+#ifdef	__GNUC__
+#include <alloca.h>	/* For alloca(3) */
+#else	/* !__GNUC__ */
+#define inline
+#endif	/* __GNUC__ */
+#else
+#include <stdint.h>	/* SUSv2+ and C99 specify this file, for uintXX_t */
+#endif	/* defined(sun) */
+#endif
+
+#include <netinet/in.h> /* for ntohl() */
+#define	sys_ntohl(foo)	ntohl(foo)
+
+#endif	/* defined(__vxworks) */
+
+#endif	/* _WIN32 */
+
+#if	__GNUC__ >= 3
+#ifndef	GCC_PRINTFLIKE
+#define	GCC_PRINTFLIKE(fmt,var)	__attribute__((format(printf,fmt,var)))
+#endif
+#ifndef	GCC_NOTUSED
+#define	GCC_NOTUSED		__attribute__((unused))
+#endif
+#else
+#ifndef	GCC_PRINTFLIKE
+#define	GCC_PRINTFLIKE(fmt,var)	/* nothing */
+#endif
+#ifndef	GCC_NOTUSED
+#define	GCC_NOTUSED
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/* Figure out if thread safety is requested */
+#if !defined(ASN_THREAD_SAFE) && (defined(THREAD_SAFE) || defined(_REENTRANT))
+#define	ASN_THREAD_SAFE
+#endif	/* Thread safety */
+
+#ifndef	offsetof	/* If not defined by <stddef.h> */
+#define	offsetof(s, m)	((ptrdiff_t)&(((s *)0)->m) - (ptrdiff_t)((s *)0))
+#endif	/* offsetof */
+
+#ifndef	MIN		/* Suitable for comparing primitive types (integers) */
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+#define	MIN(a,b)	({ __typeof a _a = a; __typeof b _b = b;	\
+	((_a)<(_b)?(_a):(_b)); })
+#else	/* !__GNUC__ */
+#define	MIN(a,b)	((a)<(b)?(a):(b))	/* Unsafe variant */
+#endif /* __GNUC__ */
+#endif	/* MIN */
+
+#endif	/* _ASN_SYSTEM_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/ber_decoder.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/ber_decoder.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9fe2e89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/ber_decoder.h
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	_BER_DECODER_H_
+#define	_BER_DECODER_H_
+
+#include <asn_application.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s;	/* Forward declaration */
+struct asn_codec_ctx_s;		/* Forward declaration */
+
+/*
+ * The BER decoder of any type.
+ * This function may be invoked directly from the application.
+ * The der_encode() function (der_encoder.h) is an opposite to ber_decode().
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t ber_decode(struct asn_codec_ctx_s *opt_codec_ctx,
+	struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+	void **struct_ptr,	/* Pointer to a target structure's pointer */
+	const void *buffer,	/* Data to be decoded */
+	size_t size		/* Size of that buffer */
+	);
+
+/*
+ * Type of generic function which decodes the byte stream into the structure.
+ */
+typedef asn_dec_rval_t (ber_type_decoder_f)(
+		struct asn_codec_ctx_s *opt_codec_ctx,
+		struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+		void **struct_ptr, const void *buf_ptr, size_t size,
+		int tag_mode);
+
+/*******************************
+ * INTERNALLY USEFUL FUNCTIONS *
+ *******************************/
+
+/*
+ * Check that all tags correspond to the type definition (as given in head).
+ * On return, last_length would contain either a non-negative length of the
+ * value part of the last TLV, or the negative number of expected
+ * "end of content" sequences. The number may only be negative if the
+ * head->last_tag_form is non-zero.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t ber_check_tags(
+		struct asn_codec_ctx_s *opt_codec_ctx,	/* codec options */
+		struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+		asn_struct_ctx_t *opt_ctx,	/* saved decoding context */
+		const void *ptr, size_t size,
+		int tag_mode,		/* {-1,0,1}: IMPLICIT, no, EXPLICIT */
+		int last_tag_form,	/* {-1,0:1}: any, primitive, constr */
+		ber_tlv_len_t *last_length,
+		int *opt_tlv_form	/* optional tag form */
+	);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _BER_DECODER_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/ber_tlv_length.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/ber_tlv_length.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3496802
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/ber_tlv_length.h
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	_BER_TLV_LENGTH_H_
+#define	_BER_TLV_LENGTH_H_
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+typedef ssize_t ber_tlv_len_t;
+
+/*
+ * This function tries to fetch the length of the BER TLV value and place it
+ * in *len_r.
+ * RETURN VALUES:
+ *	 0:	More data expected than bufptr contains.
+ *	-1:	Fatal error deciphering length.
+ *	>0:	Number of bytes used from bufptr.
+ * On return with >0, len_r is constrained as -1..MAX, where -1 mean
+ * that the value is of indefinite length.
+ */
+ssize_t ber_fetch_length(int _is_constructed, const void *bufptr, size_t size,
+	ber_tlv_len_t *len_r);
+
+/*
+ * This function expects bufptr to be positioned over L in TLV.
+ * It returns number of bytes occupied by L and V together, suitable
+ * for skipping. The function properly handles indefinite length.
+ * RETURN VALUES:
+ * 	Standard {-1,0,>0} convention.
+ */
+ssize_t ber_skip_length(
+	struct asn_codec_ctx_s *opt_codec_ctx,	/* optional context */
+	int _is_constructed, const void *bufptr, size_t size);
+
+/*
+ * This function serializes the length (L from TLV) in DER format.
+ * It always returns number of bytes necessary to represent the length,
+ * it is a caller's responsibility to check the return value
+ * against the supplied buffer's size.
+ */
+size_t der_tlv_length_serialize(ber_tlv_len_t len, void *bufptr, size_t size);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _BER_TLV_LENGTH_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/ber_tlv_tag.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/ber_tlv_tag.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..60e8668
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/ber_tlv_tag.h
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	_BER_TLV_TAG_H_
+#define	_BER_TLV_TAG_H_
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+enum asn_tag_class {
+	ASN_TAG_CLASS_UNIVERSAL		= 0,	/* 0b00 */
+	ASN_TAG_CLASS_APPLICATION	= 1,	/* 0b01 */
+	ASN_TAG_CLASS_CONTEXT		= 2,	/* 0b10 */
+	ASN_TAG_CLASS_PRIVATE		= 3	/* 0b11 */
+};
+typedef unsigned ber_tlv_tag_t;	/* BER TAG from Tag-Length-Value */
+
+/*
+ * Tag class is encoded together with tag value for optimization purposes.
+ */
+#define	BER_TAG_CLASS(tag)	((tag) & 0x3)
+#define	BER_TAG_VALUE(tag)	((tag) >> 2)
+#define	BER_TLV_CONSTRUCTED(tagptr)	(((*(const uint8_t *)tagptr)&0x20)?1:0)
+
+#define	BER_TAGS_EQUAL(tag1, tag2)	((tag1) == (tag2))
+
+/*
+ * Several functions for printing the TAG in the canonical form
+ * (i.e. "[PRIVATE 0]").
+ * Return values correspond to their libc counterparts (if any).
+ */
+ssize_t ber_tlv_tag_snprint(ber_tlv_tag_t tag, char *buf, size_t buflen);
+ssize_t ber_tlv_tag_fwrite(ber_tlv_tag_t tag, FILE *);
+char *ber_tlv_tag_string(ber_tlv_tag_t tag);
+
+
+/*
+ * This function tries to fetch the tag from the input stream.
+ * RETURN VALUES:
+ * 	 0:	More data expected than bufptr contains.
+ * 	-1:	Fatal error deciphering tag.
+ *	>0:	Number of bytes used from bufptr. tag_r will contain the tag.
+ */
+ssize_t ber_fetch_tag(const void *bufptr, size_t size, ber_tlv_tag_t *tag_r);
+
+/*
+ * This function serializes the tag (T from TLV) in BER format.
+ * It always returns number of bytes necessary to represent the tag,
+ * it is a caller's responsibility to check the return value
+ * against the supplied buffer's size.
+ */
+size_t ber_tlv_tag_serialize(ber_tlv_tag_t tag, void *bufptr, size_t size);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _BER_TLV_TAG_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/constr_CHOICE.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/constr_CHOICE.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ddcbb39
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/constr_CHOICE.h
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004, 2005 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	_CONSTR_CHOICE_H_
+#define	_CONSTR_CHOICE_H_
+
+#include <asn_application.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+typedef const struct asn_CHOICE_specifics_s {
+	/*
+	 * Target structure description.
+	 */
+	int struct_size;	/* Size of the target structure. */
+	int ctx_offset;		/* Offset of the asn_codec_ctx_t member */
+	int pres_offset;	/* Identifier of the present member */
+	int pres_size;		/* Size of the identifier (enum) */
+
+	/*
+	 * Tags to members mapping table.
+	 */
+	const asn_TYPE_tag2member_t *tag2el;
+	int tag2el_count;
+
+	/* Canonical ordering of CHOICE elements, for PER */
+	int *canonical_order;
+
+	/*
+	 * Extensions-related stuff.
+	 */
+	int ext_start;		/* First member of extensions, or -1 */
+} asn_CHOICE_specifics_t;
+
+/*
+ * A set specialized functions dealing with the CHOICE type.
+ */
+asn_struct_free_f CHOICE_free;
+asn_struct_print_f CHOICE_print;
+asn_constr_check_f CHOICE_constraint;
+ber_type_decoder_f CHOICE_decode_ber;
+der_type_encoder_f CHOICE_encode_der;
+xer_type_decoder_f CHOICE_decode_xer;
+xer_type_encoder_f CHOICE_encode_xer;
+per_type_decoder_f CHOICE_decode_uper;
+per_type_encoder_f CHOICE_encode_uper;
+per_type_decoder_f CHOICE_decode_aper;
+per_type_encoder_f CHOICE_encode_aper;
+asn_outmost_tag_f CHOICE_outmost_tag;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _CONSTR_CHOICE_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/constr_SEQUENCE.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/constr_SEQUENCE.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d181848
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/constr_SEQUENCE.h
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	_CONSTR_SEQUENCE_H_
+#define	_CONSTR_SEQUENCE_H_
+
+#include <asn_application.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+typedef const struct asn_SEQUENCE_specifics_s {
+	/*
+	 * Target structure description.
+	 */
+	int struct_size;	/* Size of the target structure. */
+	int ctx_offset;		/* Offset of the asn_struct_ctx_t member */
+
+	/*
+	 * Tags to members mapping table (sorted).
+	 */
+	const asn_TYPE_tag2member_t *tag2el;
+	int tag2el_count;
+
+	/*
+	 * Optional members of the extensions root (roms) or additions (aoms).
+	 * Meaningful for PER.
+	 */
+	const int *oms;		/* Optional MemberS */
+	int  roms_count;	/* Root optional members count */
+	int  aoms_count;	/* Additions optional members count */
+
+	/*
+	 * Description of an extensions group.
+	 */
+	int ext_after;		/* Extensions start after this member */
+	int ext_before;		/* Extensions stop before this member */
+} asn_SEQUENCE_specifics_t;
+
+
+/*
+ * A set specialized functions dealing with the SEQUENCE type.
+ */
+asn_struct_free_f SEQUENCE_free;
+asn_struct_print_f SEQUENCE_print;
+asn_constr_check_f SEQUENCE_constraint;
+ber_type_decoder_f SEQUENCE_decode_ber;
+der_type_encoder_f SEQUENCE_encode_der;
+xer_type_decoder_f SEQUENCE_decode_xer;
+xer_type_encoder_f SEQUENCE_encode_xer;
+per_type_decoder_f SEQUENCE_decode_uper;
+per_type_encoder_f SEQUENCE_encode_uper;
+per_type_decoder_f SEQUENCE_decode_aper;
+per_type_encoder_f SEQUENCE_encode_aper;
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _CONSTR_SEQUENCE_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/constr_TYPE.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/constr_TYPE.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..13c60f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/constr_TYPE.h
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+/*
+ * This file contains the declaration structure called "ASN.1 Type Definition",
+ * which holds all information necessary for encoding and decoding routines.
+ * This structure even contains pointer to these encoding and decoding routines
+ * for each defined ASN.1 type.
+ */
+#ifndef	_CONSTR_TYPE_H_
+#define	_CONSTR_TYPE_H_
+
+#include <ber_tlv_length.h>
+#include <ber_tlv_tag.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s;	/* Forward declaration */
+struct asn_TYPE_member_s;	/* Forward declaration */
+
+/*
+ * This type provides the context information for various ASN.1 routines,
+ * primarily ones doing decoding. A member _asn_ctx of this type must be
+ * included into certain target language's structures, such as compound types.
+ */
+typedef struct asn_struct_ctx_s {
+	short phase;		/* Decoding phase */
+	short step;		/* Elementary step of a phase */
+	int context;		/* Other context information */
+	void *ptr;		/* Decoder-specific stuff (stack elements) */
+	ber_tlv_len_t left;	/* Number of bytes left, -1 for indefinite */
+} asn_struct_ctx_t;
+
+#include <ber_decoder.h>	/* Basic Encoding Rules decoder */
+#include <der_encoder.h>	/* Distinguished Encoding Rules encoder */
+#include <xer_decoder.h>	/* Decoder of XER (XML, text) */
+#include <xer_encoder.h>	/* Encoder into XER (XML, text) */
+#include <per_decoder.h>	/* Packet Encoding Rules decoder */
+#include <per_encoder.h>	/* Packet Encoding Rules encoder */
+#include <constraints.h>	/* Subtype constraints support */
+
+/*
+ * Free the structure according to its specification.
+ * If (free_contents_only) is set, the wrapper structure itself (struct_ptr)
+ * will not be freed. (It may be useful in case the structure is allocated
+ * statically or arranged on the stack, yet its elements are allocated
+ * dynamically.)
+ */
+typedef void (asn_struct_free_f)(
+		struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+		void *struct_ptr, int free_contents_only);
+#define	ASN_STRUCT_FREE(asn_DEF, ptr)	(asn_DEF).free_struct(&(asn_DEF),ptr,0)
+#define	ASN_STRUCT_FREE_CONTENTS_ONLY(asn_DEF, ptr)	\
+					(asn_DEF).free_struct(&(asn_DEF),ptr,1)
+
+/*
+ * Print the structure according to its specification.
+ */
+typedef int (asn_struct_print_f)(
+		struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+		const void *struct_ptr,
+		int level,	/* Indentation level */
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *callback, void *app_key);
+
+/*
+ * Return the outmost tag of the type.
+ * If the type is untagged CHOICE, the dynamic operation is performed.
+ * NOTE: This function pointer type is only useful internally.
+ * Do not use it in your application.
+ */
+typedef ber_tlv_tag_t (asn_outmost_tag_f)(
+		const struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+		const void *struct_ptr, int tag_mode, ber_tlv_tag_t tag);
+/* The instance of the above function type; used internally. */
+asn_outmost_tag_f asn_TYPE_outmost_tag;
+
+
+/*
+ * The definitive description of the destination language's structure.
+ */
+typedef struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s {
+	const char *name;	/* A name of the ASN.1 type. "" in some cases. */
+	const char *xml_tag;	/* Name used in XML tag */
+
+	/*
+	 * Generalized functions for dealing with the specific type.
+	 * May be directly invoked by applications.
+	 */
+	asn_struct_free_f  *free_struct;	/* Free the structure */
+	asn_struct_print_f *print_struct;	/* Human readable output */
+	asn_constr_check_f *check_constraints;	/* Constraints validator */
+	ber_type_decoder_f *ber_decoder;	/* Generic BER decoder */
+	der_type_encoder_f *der_encoder;	/* Canonical DER encoder */
+	xer_type_decoder_f *xer_decoder;	/* Generic XER decoder */
+	xer_type_encoder_f *xer_encoder;	/* [Canonical] XER encoder */
+	per_type_decoder_f *uper_decoder;	/* Unaligned PER decoder */
+	per_type_encoder_f *uper_encoder;	/* Unaligned PER encoder */
+	per_type_decoder_f *aper_decoder;	/* Aligned PER decoder */
+	per_type_encoder_f *aper_encoder;	/* Aligned PER encoder */
+
+	/***********************************************************************
+	 * Internally useful members. Not to be used by applications directly. *
+	 **********************************************************************/
+
+	/*
+	 * Tags that are expected to occur.
+	 */
+	asn_outmost_tag_f  *outmost_tag;	/* <optional, internal> */
+	const ber_tlv_tag_t *tags;	/* Effective tags sequence for this type */
+	int tags_count;			/* Number of tags which are expected */
+	const ber_tlv_tag_t *all_tags;	/* Every tag for BER/containment */
+	int all_tags_count;		/* Number of tags */
+
+	asn_per_constraints_t *per_constraints;	/* PER compiled constraints */
+
+	/*
+	 * An ASN.1 production type members (members of SEQUENCE, SET, CHOICE).
+	 */
+	struct asn_TYPE_member_s *elements;
+	int elements_count;
+
+	/*
+	 * Additional information describing the type, used by appropriate
+	 * functions above.
+	 */
+	const void *specifics;
+} asn_TYPE_descriptor_t;
+
+/*
+ * This type describes an element of the constructed type,
+ * i.e. SEQUENCE, SET, CHOICE, etc.
+ */
+  enum asn_TYPE_flags_e {
+	ATF_NOFLAGS,
+	ATF_POINTER	= 0x01,	/* Represented by the pointer */
+	ATF_OPEN_TYPE	= 0x02	/* ANY type, without meaningful tag */
+  };
+typedef struct asn_TYPE_member_s {
+	enum asn_TYPE_flags_e flags;	/* Element's presentation flags */
+	int optional;	/* Following optional members, including current */
+	int memb_offset;		/* Offset of the element */
+	ber_tlv_tag_t tag;		/* Outmost (most immediate) tag */
+	int tag_mode;		/* IMPLICIT/no/EXPLICIT tag at current level */
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *type;	/* Member type descriptor */
+	asn_constr_check_f *memb_constraints;	/* Constraints validator */
+	asn_per_constraints_t *per_constraints;	/* PER compiled constraints */
+	int (*default_value)(int setval, void **sptr);	/* DEFAULT <value> */
+	const char *name;			/* ASN.1 identifier of the element */
+} asn_TYPE_member_t;
+
+/*
+ * BER tag to element number mapping.
+ */
+typedef struct asn_TYPE_tag2member_s {
+	ber_tlv_tag_t el_tag;	/* Outmost tag of the member */
+	int el_no;		/* Index of the associated member, base 0 */
+	int toff_first;		/* First occurence of the el_tag, relative */
+	int toff_last;		/* Last occurence of the el_tag, relatvie */
+} asn_TYPE_tag2member_t;
+
+/*
+ * This function is a wrapper around (td)->print_struct, which prints out
+ * the contents of the target language's structure (struct_ptr) into the
+ * file pointer (stream) in human readable form.
+ * RETURN VALUES:
+ * 	 0: The structure is printed.
+ * 	-1: Problem dumping the structure.
+ * (See also xer_fprint() in xer_encoder.h)
+ */
+int asn_fprint(FILE *stream,		/* Destination stream descriptor */
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,	/* ASN.1 type descriptor */
+	const void *struct_ptr);	/* Structure to be printed */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _CONSTR_TYPE_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/constraints.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/constraints.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5032345
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/constraints.h
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2004, 2006 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	_ASN1_CONSTRAINTS_VALIDATOR_H_
+#define	_ASN1_CONSTRAINTS_VALIDATOR_H_
+
+#include <asn_system.h>		/* Platform-dependent types */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s;		/* Forward declaration */
+
+/*
+ * Validate the structure according to the ASN.1 constraints.
+ * If errbuf and errlen are given, they shall be pointing to the appropriate
+ * buffer space and its length before calling this function. Alternatively,
+ * they could be passed as NULL's. If constraints validation fails,
+ * errlen will contain the actual number of bytes taken from the errbuf
+ * to encode an error message (properly 0-terminated).
+ * 
+ * RETURN VALUES:
+ * This function returns 0 in case all ASN.1 constraints are met
+ * and -1 if one or more constraints were failed.
+ */
+int
+asn_check_constraints(struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+	const void *struct_ptr,	/* Target language's structure */
+	char *errbuf,		/* Returned error description */
+	size_t *errlen		/* Length of the error description */
+	);
+
+
+/*
+ * Generic type for constraint checking callback,
+ * associated with every type descriptor.
+ */
+typedef int (asn_constr_check_f)(
+	struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+	const void *struct_ptr,
+	asn_app_constraint_failed_f *optional_callback,	/* Log the error */
+	void *optional_app_key		/* Opaque key passed to a callback */
+	);
+
+/*******************************
+ * INTERNALLY USEFUL FUNCTIONS *
+ *******************************/
+
+asn_constr_check_f asn_generic_no_constraint;	/* No constraint whatsoever */
+asn_constr_check_f asn_generic_unknown_constraint; /* Not fully supported */
+
+/*
+ * Invoke the callback with a complete error message.
+ */
+#define	_ASN_CTFAIL	if(ctfailcb) ctfailcb
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _ASN1_CONSTRAINTS_VALIDATOR_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/der_encoder.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/der_encoder.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..61431c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/der_encoder.h
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	_DER_ENCODER_H_
+#define	_DER_ENCODER_H_
+
+#include <asn_application.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s;	/* Forward declaration */
+
+/*
+ * The DER encoder of any type. May be invoked by the application.
+ * The ber_decode() function (ber_decoder.h) is an opposite of der_encode().
+ */
+asn_enc_rval_t der_encode(struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+		void *struct_ptr,	/* Structure to be encoded */
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *consume_bytes_cb,
+		void *app_key		/* Arbitrary callback argument */
+	);
+
+/* A variant of der_encode() which encodes data into the pre-allocated buffer */
+asn_enc_rval_t der_encode_to_buffer(
+		struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+		void *struct_ptr,	/* Structure to be encoded */
+		void *buffer,		/* Pre-allocated buffer */
+		size_t buffer_size	/* Initial buffer size (maximum) */
+	);
+
+/*
+ * Type of the generic DER encoder.
+ */
+typedef asn_enc_rval_t (der_type_encoder_f)(
+		struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+		void *struct_ptr,	/* Structure to be encoded */
+		int tag_mode,		/* {-1,0,1}: IMPLICIT, no, EXPLICIT */
+		ber_tlv_tag_t tag,
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *consume_bytes_cb,	/* Callback */
+		void *app_key		/* Arbitrary callback argument */
+	);
+
+
+/*******************************
+ * INTERNALLY USEFUL FUNCTIONS *
+ *******************************/
+
+/*
+ * Write out leading TL[v] sequence according to the type definition.
+ */
+ssize_t der_write_tags(
+		struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+		size_t struct_length,
+		int tag_mode,		/* {-1,0,1}: IMPLICIT, no, EXPLICIT */
+		int last_tag_form,	/* {0,!0}: prim, constructed */
+		ber_tlv_tag_t tag,
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *consume_bytes_cb,
+		void *app_key
+	);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _DER_ENCODER_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/per_decoder.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/per_decoder.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5541bae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/per_decoder.h
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2007 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	_PER_DECODER_H_
+#define	_PER_DECODER_H_
+
+#include <asn_application.h>
+#include <per_support.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s;	/* Forward declaration */
+
+/*
+ * Unaligned PER decoder of a "complete encoding" as per X.691#10.1.
+ * On success, this call always returns (.consumed >= 1), as per X.691#10.1.3.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t uper_decode_complete(struct asn_codec_ctx_s *opt_codec_ctx,
+	struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,	/* Type to decode */
+	void **struct_ptr,	/* Pointer to a target structure's pointer */
+	const void *buffer,	/* Data to be decoded */
+	size_t size		/* Size of data buffer */
+	);
+
+/*
+ * Unaligned PER decoder of any ASN.1 type. May be invoked by the application.
+ * WARNING: This call returns the number of BITS read from the stream. Beware.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t uper_decode(struct asn_codec_ctx_s *opt_codec_ctx,
+	struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,	/* Type to decode */
+	void **struct_ptr,	/* Pointer to a target structure's pointer */
+	const void *buffer,	/* Data to be decoded */
+	size_t size,		/* Size of data buffer */
+	int skip_bits,		/* Number of unused leading bits, 0..7 */
+	int unused_bits		/* Number of unused tailing bits, 0..7 */
+	);
+
+/*
+ * Aligned PER decoder of a "complete encoding" as per X.691#10.1.
+ * On success, this call always returns (.consumed >= 1), as per X.691#10.1.3.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t aper_decode_complete(struct asn_codec_ctx_s *opt_codec_ctx,
+									struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,	/* Type to decode */
+									void **struct_ptr,	/* Pointer to a target structure's pointer */
+									const void *buffer,	/* Data to be decoded */
+									size_t size		/* Size of data buffer */
+									);
+
+/*
+ * Aligned PER decoder of any ASN.1 type. May be invoked by the application.
+ * WARNING: This call returns the number of BITS read from the stream. Beware.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t aper_decode(struct asn_codec_ctx_s *opt_codec_ctx,
+						   struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,	/* Type to decode */
+						   void **struct_ptr,	/* Pointer to a target structure's pointer */
+						   const void *buffer,	/* Data to be decoded */
+						   size_t size,		/* Size of data buffer */
+						   int skip_bits,		/* Number of unused leading bits, 0..7 */
+						   int unused_bits		/* Number of unused tailing bits, 0..7 */
+					       );
+/*
+ * Type of the type-specific PER decoder function.
+ */
+typedef asn_dec_rval_t (per_type_decoder_f)(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+		struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+		asn_per_constraints_t *constraints,
+		void **struct_ptr,
+		asn_per_data_t *per_data
+	);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _PER_DECODER_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/per_encoder.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/per_encoder.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e3b9190
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/per_encoder.h
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2006, 2007 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	_PER_ENCODER_H_
+#define	_PER_ENCODER_H_
+
+#include <asn_application.h>
+#include <per_support.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s;	/* Forward declaration */
+
+/*
+ * Unaligned PER encoder of any ASN.1 type. May be invoked by the application.
+ * WARNING: This function returns the number of encoded bits in the .encoded
+ * field of the return value. Use the following formula to convert to bytes:
+ * 	bytes = ((.encoded + 7) / 8)
+ */
+asn_enc_rval_t uper_encode(struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+	void *struct_ptr,	/* Structure to be encoded */
+	asn_app_consume_bytes_f *consume_bytes_cb,	/* Data collector */
+	void *app_key		/* Arbitrary callback argument */
+);
+
+/*
+ * A variant of uper_encode() which encodes data into the existing buffer
+ * WARNING: This function returns the number of encoded bits in the .encoded
+ * field of the return value.
+ */
+asn_enc_rval_t uper_encode_to_buffer(
+	struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+	void *struct_ptr,	/* Structure to be encoded */
+	void *buffer,		/* Pre-allocated buffer */
+	size_t buffer_size	/* Initial buffer size (max) */
+);
+
+asn_enc_rval_t aper_encode_to_buffer(
+	struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+	void *struct_ptr,	   /* Structure to be encoded */
+	void *buffer,		   /* Pre-allocated buffer */
+	size_t buffer_size	   /* Initial buffer size (max) */
+);
+/*
+ * A variant of uper_encode_to_buffer() which allocates buffer itself.
+ * Returns the number of bytes in the buffer or -1 in case of failure.
+ * WARNING: This function produces a "Production of the complete encoding",
+ * with length of at least one octet. Contrast this to precise bit-packing
+ * encoding of uper_encode() and uper_encode_to_buffer().
+ */
+ssize_t uper_encode_to_new_buffer(
+	struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints,
+	void *struct_ptr,	/* Structure to be encoded */
+	void **buffer_r		/* Buffer allocated and returned */
+);
+
+ssize_t
+aper_encode_to_new_buffer(struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *td,
+						  asn_per_constraints_t *constraints,
+						  void *sptr,
+						  void **buffer_r);
+/*
+ * Type of the generic PER encoder function.
+ */
+typedef asn_enc_rval_t (per_type_encoder_f)(
+	struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints,
+	void *struct_ptr,
+	asn_per_outp_t *per_output
+);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _PER_ENCODER_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/per_opentype.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/per_opentype.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2117efe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/per_opentype.h
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2007 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	_PER_OPENTYPE_H_
+#define	_PER_OPENTYPE_H_
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+asn_dec_rval_t uper_open_type_get(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd);
+
+int uper_open_type_skip(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_per_data_t *pd);
+
+int uper_open_type_put(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_per_outp_t *po);
+
+int aper_open_type_put(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_per_outp_t *po);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _PER_OPENTYPE_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/per_support.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/per_support.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..181fe24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/per_support.h
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2005-2014 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	_PER_SUPPORT_H_
+#define	_PER_SUPPORT_H_
+
+#include <asn_system.h>		/* Platform-specific types */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Pre-computed PER constraints.
+ */
+typedef const struct asn_per_constraint_s {
+	enum asn_per_constraint_flags {
+		APC_UNCONSTRAINED	= 0x0,	/* No PER visible constraints */
+		APC_SEMI_CONSTRAINED	= 0x1,	/* Constrained at "lb" */
+		APC_CONSTRAINED		= 0x2,	/* Fully constrained */
+		APC_EXTENSIBLE		= 0x4	/* May have extension */
+	} flags;
+	int  range_bits;		/* Full number of bits in the range */
+	int  effective_bits;		/* Effective bits */
+	int64_t lower_bound;		/* "lb" value */
+	int64_t upper_bound;		/* "ub" value */
+} asn_per_constraint_t;
+typedef const struct asn_per_constraints_s {
+	struct asn_per_constraint_s value;
+	struct asn_per_constraint_s size;
+	int (*value2code)(unsigned int value);
+	int (*code2value)(unsigned int code);
+} asn_per_constraints_t;
+
+/*
+ * This structure describes a position inside an incoming PER bit stream.
+ */
+typedef struct asn_per_data_s {
+  const uint8_t *buffer;  /* Pointer to the octet stream */
+		 size_t  nboff;   /* Bit offset to the meaningful bit */
+		 size_t  nbits;   /* Number of bits in the stream */
+		 size_t  moved;   /* Number of bits moved through this bit stream */
+  int (*refill)(struct asn_per_data_s *);
+  void *refill_key;
+} asn_per_data_t;
+
+/*
+ * Extract a small number of bits (<= 31) from the specified PER data pointer.
+ * This function returns -1 if the specified number of bits could not be
+ * extracted due to EOD or other conditions.
+ */
+int32_t per_get_few_bits(asn_per_data_t *per_data, int get_nbits);
+
+/* Undo the immediately preceeding "get_few_bits" operation */
+void per_get_undo(asn_per_data_t *per_data, int get_nbits);
+
+/*
+ * Extract a large number of bits from the specified PER data pointer.
+ * This function returns -1 if the specified number of bits could not be
+ * extracted due to EOD or other conditions.
+ */
+int per_get_many_bits(asn_per_data_t *pd, uint8_t *dst, int right_align,
+			int get_nbits);
+
+/*
+ * Get the length "n" from the Unaligned PER stream.
+ */
+ssize_t uper_get_length(asn_per_data_t *pd,
+			int effective_bound_bits,
+			int *repeat);
+
+ssize_t aper_get_length(asn_per_data_t *pd,
+						int range,
+						int effective_bound_bits,
+						int *repeat);
+
+/*
+ * Get the normally small length "n".
+ */
+ssize_t uper_get_nslength(asn_per_data_t *pd);
+ssize_t aper_get_nslength(asn_per_data_t *pd);
+
+/*
+ * Get the normally small non-negative whole number.
+ */
+ssize_t uper_get_nsnnwn(asn_per_data_t *pd);
+ssize_t aper_get_nsnnwn(asn_per_data_t *pd, int range);
+
+/* X.691-2008/11, #11.5.6 */
+int uper_get_constrained_whole_number(asn_per_data_t *pd, unsigned long *v, int nbits);
+
+/* Non-thread-safe debugging function, don't use it */
+char *per_data_string(asn_per_data_t *pd);
+
+/*
+ * This structure supports forming PER output.
+ */
+typedef struct asn_per_outp_s {
+	uint8_t *buffer;	/* Pointer into the (tmpspace) */
+	size_t nboff;		/* Bit offset to the meaningful bit */
+	size_t nbits;		/* Number of bits left in (tmpspace) */
+	uint8_t tmpspace[32];	/* Preliminary storage to hold data */
+	int (*outper)(const void *data, size_t size, void *op_key);
+	void *op_key;		/* Key for (outper) data callback */
+	size_t flushed_bytes;	/* Bytes already flushed through (outper) */
+} asn_per_outp_t;
+
+/* Output a small number of bits (<= 31) */
+int per_put_few_bits(asn_per_outp_t *per_data, uint32_t bits, int obits);
+
+/* Output a large number of bits */
+int per_put_many_bits(asn_per_outp_t *po, const uint8_t *src, int put_nbits);
+
+/* X.691-2008/11, #11.5 */
+int uper_put_constrained_whole_number_s(asn_per_outp_t *po, long v, int nbits);
+int uper_put_constrained_whole_number_u(asn_per_outp_t *po, unsigned long v, int nbits);
+
+/* Align the current bit position to octet bundary */
+int aper_put_align(asn_per_outp_t *po);
+int32_t aper_get_align(asn_per_data_t *pd);
+
+/*
+ * Put the length "n" to the Unaligned PER stream.
+ * This function returns the number of units which may be flushed
+ * in the next units saving iteration.
+ */
+ssize_t uper_put_length(asn_per_outp_t *po, size_t whole_length);
+
+ssize_t aper_put_length(asn_per_outp_t *po, int range, size_t length);
+
+/*
+ * Put the normally small length "n" to the Unaligned PER stream.
+ * Returns 0 or -1.
+ */
+int uper_put_nslength(asn_per_outp_t *po, size_t length);
+
+int aper_put_nslength(asn_per_outp_t *po, size_t length);
+
+/*
+ * Put the normally small non-negative whole number.
+ */
+int uper_put_nsnnwn(asn_per_outp_t *po, int n);
+
+int aper_put_nsnnwn(asn_per_outp_t *po, int range, int number);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _PER_SUPPORT_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/xer_decoder.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/xer_decoder.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6988648
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/xer_decoder.h
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2004 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	_XER_DECODER_H_
+#define	_XER_DECODER_H_
+
+#include <asn_application.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s;	/* Forward declaration */
+
+/*
+ * The XER decoder of any ASN.1 type. May be invoked by the application.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t xer_decode(struct asn_codec_ctx_s *opt_codec_ctx,
+	struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+	void **struct_ptr,	/* Pointer to a target structure's pointer */
+	const void *buffer,	/* Data to be decoded */
+	size_t size		/* Size of data buffer */
+	);
+
+/*
+ * Type of the type-specific XER decoder function.
+ */
+typedef asn_dec_rval_t (xer_type_decoder_f)(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+		struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+		void **struct_ptr,
+		const char *opt_mname,	/* Member name */
+		const void *buf_ptr, size_t size
+	);
+
+/*******************************
+ * INTERNALLY USEFUL FUNCTIONS *
+ *******************************/
+
+/*
+ * Generalized function for decoding the primitive values.
+ * Used by more specialized functions, such as OCTET_STRING_decode_xer_utf8
+ * and others. This function should not be used by applications, as its API
+ * is subject to changes.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t xer_decode_general(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_struct_ctx_t *ctx,	/* Type decoder context */
+	void *struct_key,	/* Treated as opaque pointer */
+	const char *xml_tag,	/* Expected XML tag name */
+	const void *buf_ptr, size_t size,
+	int (*opt_unexpected_tag_decoder)
+		(void *struct_key, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size),
+	ssize_t (*body_receiver)
+		(void *struct_key, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size,
+			int have_more)
+	);
+
+
+/*
+ * Fetch the next XER (XML) token from the stream.
+ * The function returns the number of bytes occupied by the chunk type,
+ * returned in the _ch_type. The _ch_type is only set (and valid) when
+ * the return value is greater than 0.
+ */
+  typedef enum pxer_chunk_type {
+	PXER_TAG,	/* Complete XER tag */
+	PXER_TEXT,	/* Plain text between XER tags */
+	PXER_COMMENT	/* A comment, may be part of */
+  } pxer_chunk_type_e;
+ssize_t xer_next_token(int *stateContext,
+	const void *buffer, size_t size, pxer_chunk_type_e *_ch_type);
+
+/*
+ * This function checks the buffer against the tag name is expected to occur.
+ */
+  typedef enum xer_check_tag {
+	XCT_BROKEN	= 0,	/* The tag is broken */
+	XCT_OPENING	= 1,	/* This is the <opening> tag */
+	XCT_CLOSING	= 2,	/* This is the </closing> tag */
+	XCT_BOTH	= 3,	/* This is the <modified/> tag */
+	XCT__UNK__MASK	= 4,	/* Mask of everything unexpected */
+	XCT_UNKNOWN_OP	= 5,	/* Unexpected <opening> tag */
+	XCT_UNKNOWN_CL	= 6,	/* Unexpected </closing> tag */
+	XCT_UNKNOWN_BO	= 7	/* Unexpected <modified/> tag */
+  } xer_check_tag_e;
+xer_check_tag_e xer_check_tag(const void *buf_ptr, int size,
+		const char *need_tag);
+
+/*
+ * Get the number of bytes consisting entirely of XER whitespace characters.
+ * RETURN VALUES:
+ * >=0:	Number of whitespace characters in the string.
+ */
+size_t xer_whitespace_span(const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size);
+
+/*
+ * Skip the series of anticipated extensions.
+ */
+int xer_skip_unknown(xer_check_tag_e tcv, ber_tlv_len_t *depth);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _XER_DECODER_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/xer_encoder.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/xer_encoder.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..055e73c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/xer_encoder.h
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2004 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	_XER_ENCODER_H_
+#define	_XER_ENCODER_H_
+
+#include <asn_application.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s;	/* Forward declaration */
+
+/* Flags used by the xer_encode() and (*xer_type_encoder_f), defined below */
+enum xer_encoder_flags_e {
+	/* Mode of encoding */
+	XER_F_BASIC	= 0x01,	/* BASIC-XER (pretty-printing) */
+	XER_F_CANONICAL	= 0x02	/* Canonical XER (strict rules) */
+};
+
+/*
+ * The XER encoder of any type. May be invoked by the application.
+ */
+asn_enc_rval_t xer_encode(struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+		void *struct_ptr,	/* Structure to be encoded */
+		enum xer_encoder_flags_e xer_flags,
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *consume_bytes_cb,
+		void *app_key		/* Arbitrary callback argument */
+	);
+
+/*
+ * The variant of the above function which dumps the BASIC-XER (XER_F_BASIC)
+ * output into the chosen file pointer.
+ * RETURN VALUES:
+ * 	 0: The structure is printed.
+ * 	-1: Problem printing the structure.
+ * WARNING: No sensible errno value is returned.
+ */
+int xer_fprint(FILE *stream, struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *td, void *sptr);
+
+/*
+ * Type of the generic XER encoder.
+ */
+typedef asn_enc_rval_t (xer_type_encoder_f)(
+		struct asn_TYPE_descriptor_s *type_descriptor,
+		void *struct_ptr,	/* Structure to be encoded */
+		int ilevel,		/* Level of indentation */
+		enum xer_encoder_flags_e xer_flags,
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *consume_bytes_cb,	/* Callback */
+		void *app_key		/* Arbitrary callback argument */
+	);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _XER_ENCODER_H_ */
diff --git a/include/osmocom/rspro/xer_support.h b/include/osmocom/rspro/xer_support.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b01944
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/osmocom/rspro/xer_support.h
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 X/IO Labs, xiolabs.com.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#ifndef	_XER_SUPPORT_H_
+#define	_XER_SUPPORT_H_
+
+#include <asn_system.h>		/* Platform-specific types */
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Types of data transferred to the application.
+ */
+typedef enum {
+	PXML_TEXT,	/* Plain text between XML tags. */
+	PXML_TAG,	/* A tag, starting with '<'. */
+	PXML_COMMENT,	/* An XML comment, including "<!--" and "-->". */
+	/* 
+	 * The following chunk types are reported if the chunk
+	 * terminates the specified XML element.
+	 */
+	PXML_TAG_END,		/* Tag ended */
+	PXML_COMMENT_END	/* Comment ended */
+} pxml_chunk_type_e;
+
+/*
+ * Callback function that is called by the parser when parsed data is
+ * available. The _opaque is the pointer to a field containing opaque user 
+ * data specified in pxml_create() call. The chunk type is _type and the text 
+ * data is the piece of buffer identified by _bufid (as supplied to
+ * pxml_feed() call) starting at offset _offset and of _size bytes size. 
+ * The chunk is NOT '\0'-terminated.
+ */
+typedef int (pxml_callback_f)(pxml_chunk_type_e _type,
+	const void *_chunk_data, size_t _chunk_size, void *_key);
+
+/*
+ * Parse the given buffer as it were a chunk of XML data.
+ * Invoke the specified callback each time the meaninful data is found.
+ * This function returns number of bytes consumed from the bufer.
+ * It will always be lesser than or equal to the specified _size.
+ * The next invocation of this function must account the difference.
+ */
+ssize_t pxml_parse(int *_stateContext, const void *_buf, size_t _size,
+	pxml_callback_f *cb, void *_key);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _XER_SUPPORT_H_ */
diff --git a/src/Makefile.am b/src/Makefile.am
index 2e9283b..43a69b6 100644
--- a/src/Makefile.am
+++ b/src/Makefile.am
@@ -2,13 +2,14 @@
 
 AM_CFLAGS = -Wall -I$(top_srcdir)/include -I$(top_builddir)/include \
 	    $(OSMOCORE_CFLAGS) $(OSMOGSM_CFLAGS) $(OSMOABIS_CFLAGS) \
-	    $(ASN1C_CFLAGS) $(PCSC_CFLAGS)
+	    $(PCSC_CFLAGS) \
+	    -I$(top_srcdir)/include/osmocom/rspro -DEMIT_ASN_DEBUG
 
 RSPRO_LIBVERSION=0:0:0
 lib_LTLIBRARIES = libosmo-rspro.la
 libosmo_rspro_la_LDFLAGS = $(AM_LDFLAGS) -version-info $(RSPRO_LIBVERSION)
 libosmo_rspro_la_LIBADD = $(OSMOCORE_LIBS) $(OSMOGSM_LIBS) $(OSMOABIS_LIBS) \
-			  $(ASN1C_LIBS) rspro/libosmo-asn1-rspro.la
+			  rspro/libosmo-asn1-rspro.la
 libosmo_rspro_la_SOURCES = rspro_util.c
 
 noinst_HEADERS = bankd.h internal.h rspro_util.h
@@ -17,12 +18,12 @@
 
 pcsc_test_SOURCES = driver_core.c driver_pcsc.c main.c
 pcsc_test_LDADD = $(OSMOCORE_LIBS) \
-		  $(ASN1C_LIBS) $(PCSC_LIBS) libosmo-rspro.la
+		  $(PCSC_LIBS) libosmo-rspro.la
 
 remsim_bankd_SOURCES = bankd_slotmap.c bankd_main.c bankd_pcsc.c
 remsim_bankd_LDADD = $(OSMOCORE_LIBS) $(OSMOGSM_LIBS) \
-		     $(ASN1C_LIBS) $(PCSC_LIBS) libosmo-rspro.la -lcsv
+		     $(PCSC_LIBS) libosmo-rspro.la -lcsv
 
 remsim_client_SOURCES = remsim_client.c remsim_client_fsm.c
 remsim_client_LDADD = $(OSMOCORE_LIBS) $(OSMOGSM_LIBS) $(OSMOABIS_LIBS) \
-		     $(ASN1C_LIBS) libosmo-rspro.la
+		     libosmo-rspro.la
diff --git a/src/bankd_main.c b/src/bankd_main.c
index ecb3d32..08129cc 100644
--- a/src/bankd_main.c
+++ b/src/bankd_main.c
@@ -49,11 +49,15 @@
 	.num_cat = ARRAY_SIZE(default_categories),
 };
 
+int asn_debug;
+
 static void bankd_init(struct bankd *bankd)
 {
 	void *g_tall_ctx = talloc_named_const(NULL, 0, "global");
 	osmo_init_logging2(g_tall_ctx, &log_info);
 
+	asn_debug = 0;
+
 	/* intialize members of 'bankd' */
 	INIT_LLIST_HEAD(&bankd->slot_mappings);
 	pthread_rwlock_init(&bankd->slot_mappings_rwlock, NULL);
diff --git a/src/main.c b/src/main.c
index 67b7a41..6ae47e8 100644
--- a/src/main.c
+++ b/src/main.c
@@ -38,9 +38,11 @@
 
 static void *g_ctx;
 __thread void *talloc_asn1_ctx;
+int asn_debug;
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
+	asn_debug = 0;
 	g_ctx = talloc_named_const(NULL, 0, "main");
 	talloc_asn1_ctx = talloc_named_const(g_ctx, 0, "asn1_context");
 	card_readers_probe(g_ctx);
diff --git a/src/remsim_client.c b/src/remsim_client.c
index 850ded6..90e8de2 100644
--- a/src/remsim_client.c
+++ b/src/remsim_client.c
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
 static struct bankd_client *g_client;
 static void *g_tall_ctx;
 void __thread *talloc_asn1_ctx;
-extern int asn_debug;
+int asn_debug;
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@
 	OSMO_STRLCPY_ARRAY(g_client->own_comp_id.software, "remsim-client");
 	OSMO_STRLCPY_ARRAY(g_client->own_comp_id.sw_version, PACKAGE_VERSION);
 
-	//asn_debug = 1;
+	asn_debug = 0;
 	osmo_init_logging2(g_tall_ctx, &log_info);
 
 	if (bankd_conn_fsm_alloc(g_client) < 0) {
diff --git a/src/rspro/BIT_STRING.c b/src/rspro/BIT_STRING.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ad2ca60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/BIT_STRING.c
@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+#include <BIT_STRING.h>
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+
+/*
+ * BIT STRING basic type description.
+ */
+static const ber_tlv_tag_t asn_DEF_BIT_STRING_tags[] = {
+	(ASN_TAG_CLASS_UNIVERSAL | (3 << 2))
+};
+static asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t asn_DEF_BIT_STRING_specs = {
+	sizeof(BIT_STRING_t),
+	offsetof(BIT_STRING_t, _asn_ctx),
+	ASN_OSUBV_BIT
+};
+asn_TYPE_descriptor_t asn_DEF_BIT_STRING = {
+	"BIT STRING",
+	"BIT_STRING",
+	OCTET_STRING_free,         /* Implemented in terms of OCTET STRING */
+	BIT_STRING_print,
+	BIT_STRING_constraint,
+	OCTET_STRING_decode_ber,   /* Implemented in terms of OCTET STRING */
+	OCTET_STRING_encode_der,   /* Implemented in terms of OCTET STRING */
+	OCTET_STRING_decode_xer_binary,
+	BIT_STRING_encode_xer,
+	OCTET_STRING_decode_uper,	/* Unaligned PER decoder */
+	OCTET_STRING_encode_uper,	/* Unaligned PER encoder */
+	OCTET_STRING_decode_aper,	/* Aligned PER decoder */
+	OCTET_STRING_encode_aper,	/* Aligned PER encoder */
+	0, /* Use generic outmost tag fetcher */
+	asn_DEF_BIT_STRING_tags,
+	sizeof(asn_DEF_BIT_STRING_tags)
+	  / sizeof(asn_DEF_BIT_STRING_tags[0]),
+	asn_DEF_BIT_STRING_tags,	/* Same as above */
+	sizeof(asn_DEF_BIT_STRING_tags)
+	  / sizeof(asn_DEF_BIT_STRING_tags[0]),
+	0,	/* No PER visible constraints */
+	0, 0,	/* No members */
+	&asn_DEF_BIT_STRING_specs
+};
+
+/*
+ * BIT STRING generic constraint.
+ */
+int
+BIT_STRING_constraint(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr,
+		asn_app_constraint_failed_f *ctfailcb, void *app_key) {
+	const BIT_STRING_t *st = (const BIT_STRING_t *)sptr;
+
+	if(st && st->buf) {
+		if((st->size == 0 && st->bits_unused)
+		|| st->bits_unused < 0 || st->bits_unused > 7) {
+			_ASN_CTFAIL(app_key, td, sptr,
+				"%s: invalid padding byte (%s:%d)",
+				td->name, __FILE__, __LINE__);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	} else {
+		_ASN_CTFAIL(app_key, td, sptr,
+			"%s: value not given (%s:%d)",
+			td->name, __FILE__, __LINE__);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static char *_bit_pattern[16] = {
+	"0000", "0001", "0010", "0011", "0100", "0101", "0110", "0111",
+	"1000", "1001", "1010", "1011", "1100", "1101", "1110", "1111"
+};
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+BIT_STRING_encode_xer(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
+	int ilevel, enum xer_encoder_flags_e flags,
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+	char scratch[128];
+	char *p = scratch;
+	char *scend = scratch + (sizeof(scratch) - 10);
+	const BIT_STRING_t *st = (const BIT_STRING_t *)sptr;
+	int xcan = (flags & XER_F_CANONICAL);
+	uint8_t *buf;
+	uint8_t *end;
+
+	if(!st || !st->buf)
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	er.encoded = 0;
+
+	buf = st->buf;
+	end = buf + st->size - 1;	/* Last byte is special */
+
+	/*
+	 * Binary dump
+	 */
+	for(; buf < end; buf++) {
+		int v = *buf;
+		int nline = xcan?0:(((buf - st->buf) % 8) == 0);
+		if(p >= scend || nline) {
+			er.encoded += p - scratch;
+			_ASN_CALLBACK(scratch, p - scratch);
+			p = scratch;
+			if(nline) _i_ASN_TEXT_INDENT(1, ilevel);
+		}
+		memcpy(p + 0, _bit_pattern[v >> 4], 4);
+		memcpy(p + 4, _bit_pattern[v & 0x0f], 4);
+		p += 8;
+	}
+
+	if(!xcan && ((buf - st->buf) % 8) == 0)
+		_i_ASN_TEXT_INDENT(1, ilevel);
+	er.encoded += p - scratch;
+	_ASN_CALLBACK(scratch, p - scratch);
+	p = scratch;
+
+	if(buf == end) {
+		int v = *buf;
+		int ubits = st->bits_unused;
+		int i;
+		for(i = 7; i >= ubits; i--)
+			*p++ = (v & (1 << i)) ? 0x31 : 0x30;
+		er.encoded += p - scratch;
+		_ASN_CALLBACK(scratch, p - scratch);
+	}
+
+	if(!xcan) _i_ASN_TEXT_INDENT(1, ilevel - 1);
+
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+cb_failed:
+	_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * BIT STRING specific contents printer.
+ */
+int
+BIT_STRING_print(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr, int ilevel,
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	const char * const h2c = "0123456789ABCDEF";
+	char scratch[64];
+	const BIT_STRING_t *st = (const BIT_STRING_t *)sptr;
+	uint8_t *buf;
+	uint8_t *end;
+	char *p = scratch;
+
+	(void)td;	/* Unused argument */
+
+	if(!st || !st->buf)
+		return (cb("<absent>", 8, app_key) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
+
+	ilevel++;
+	buf = st->buf;
+	end = buf + st->size;
+
+	/*
+	 * Hexadecimal dump.
+	 */
+	for(; buf < end; buf++) {
+		if((buf - st->buf) % 16 == 0 && (st->size > 16)
+				&& buf != st->buf) {
+			_i_INDENT(1);
+			/* Dump the string */
+			if(cb(scratch, p - scratch, app_key) < 0) return -1;
+			p = scratch;
+		}
+		*p++ = h2c[*buf >> 4];
+		*p++ = h2c[*buf & 0x0F];
+		*p++ = 0x20;
+	}
+
+	if(p > scratch) {
+		p--;	/* Eat the tailing space */
+
+		if((st->size > 16)) {
+			_i_INDENT(1);
+		}
+
+		/* Dump the incomplete 16-bytes row */
+		if(cb(scratch, p - scratch, app_key) < 0)
+			return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
diff --git a/src/rspro/BOOLEAN.c b/src/rspro/BOOLEAN.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..42374b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/BOOLEAN.c
@@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2005 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+#include <asn_codecs_prim.h>
+#include <BOOLEAN.h>
+
+/*
+ * BOOLEAN basic type description.
+ */
+static const ber_tlv_tag_t asn_DEF_BOOLEAN_tags[] = {
+	(ASN_TAG_CLASS_UNIVERSAL | (1 << 2))
+};
+asn_TYPE_descriptor_t asn_DEF_BOOLEAN = {
+	"BOOLEAN",
+	"BOOLEAN",
+	BOOLEAN_free,
+	BOOLEAN_print,
+	asn_generic_no_constraint,
+	BOOLEAN_decode_ber,
+	BOOLEAN_encode_der,
+	BOOLEAN_decode_xer,
+	BOOLEAN_encode_xer,
+	BOOLEAN_decode_uper,	/* Unaligned PER decoder */
+	BOOLEAN_encode_uper,	/* Unaligned PER encoder */
+	BOOLEAN_decode_aper,	/* Aligned PER decoder */
+	BOOLEAN_encode_aper,	/* Aligned PER encoder */
+	0, /* Use generic outmost tag fetcher */
+	asn_DEF_BOOLEAN_tags,
+	sizeof(asn_DEF_BOOLEAN_tags) / sizeof(asn_DEF_BOOLEAN_tags[0]),
+	asn_DEF_BOOLEAN_tags,	/* Same as above */
+	sizeof(asn_DEF_BOOLEAN_tags) / sizeof(asn_DEF_BOOLEAN_tags[0]),
+	0,	/* No PER visible constraints */
+	0, 0,	/* No members */
+	0	/* No specifics */
+};
+
+/*
+ * Decode BOOLEAN type.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t
+BOOLEAN_decode_ber(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+		asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+		void **bool_value, const void *buf_ptr, size_t size,
+		int tag_mode) {
+	BOOLEAN_t *st = (BOOLEAN_t *)*bool_value;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval;
+	ber_tlv_len_t length;
+	ber_tlv_len_t lidx;
+
+	if(st == NULL) {
+		st = (BOOLEAN_t *)(*bool_value = CALLOC(1, sizeof(*st)));
+		if(st == NULL) {
+			rval.code = RC_FAIL;
+			rval.consumed = 0;
+			return rval;
+		}
+	}
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Decoding %s as BOOLEAN (tm=%d)",
+		td->name, tag_mode);
+
+	/*
+	 * Check tags.
+	 */
+	rval = ber_check_tags(opt_codec_ctx, td, 0, buf_ptr, size,
+		tag_mode, 0, &length, 0);
+	if(rval.code != RC_OK)
+		return rval;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Boolean length is %d bytes", (int)length);
+
+	buf_ptr = ((const char *)buf_ptr) + rval.consumed;
+	size -= rval.consumed;
+	if(length > (ber_tlv_len_t)size) {
+		rval.code = RC_WMORE;
+		rval.consumed = 0;
+		return rval;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Compute boolean value.
+	 */
+	for(*st = 0, lidx = 0;
+		(lidx < length) && *st == 0; lidx++) {
+		/*
+		 * Very simple approach: read bytes until the end or
+		 * value is already TRUE.
+		 * BOOLEAN is not supposed to contain meaningful data anyway.
+		 */
+		*st |= ((const uint8_t *)buf_ptr)[lidx];
+	}
+
+	rval.code = RC_OK;
+	rval.consumed += length;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Took %ld/%ld bytes to encode %s, value=%d",
+		(long)rval.consumed, (long)length,
+		td->name, *st);
+	
+	return rval;
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+BOOLEAN_encode_der(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
+	int tag_mode, ber_tlv_tag_t tag,
+	asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	asn_enc_rval_t erval;
+	BOOLEAN_t *st = (BOOLEAN_t *)sptr;
+
+	erval.encoded = der_write_tags(td, 1, tag_mode, 0, tag, cb, app_key);
+	if(erval.encoded == -1) {
+		erval.failed_type = td;
+		erval.structure_ptr = sptr;
+		return erval;
+	}
+
+	if(cb) {
+		uint8_t bool_value;
+
+		bool_value = *st ? 0xff : 0; /* 0xff mandated by DER */
+
+		if(cb(&bool_value, 1, app_key) < 0) {
+			erval.encoded = -1;
+			erval.failed_type = td;
+			erval.structure_ptr = sptr;
+			return erval;
+		}
+	}
+
+	erval.encoded += 1;
+
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(erval);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Decode the chunk of XML text encoding INTEGER.
+ */
+static enum xer_pbd_rval
+BOOLEAN__xer_body_decode(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size) {
+	BOOLEAN_t *st = (BOOLEAN_t *)sptr;
+	const char *p = (const char *)chunk_buf;
+
+	(void)td;
+
+	if(chunk_size && p[0] == 0x3c /* '<' */) {
+		switch(xer_check_tag(chunk_buf, chunk_size, "false")) {
+		case XCT_BOTH:
+			/* "<false/>" */
+			*st = 0;
+			break;
+		case XCT_UNKNOWN_BO:
+			if(xer_check_tag(chunk_buf, chunk_size, "true")
+					!= XCT_BOTH)
+				return XPBD_BROKEN_ENCODING;
+			/* "<true/>" */
+			*st = 1;	/* Or 0xff as in DER?.. */
+			break;
+		default:
+			return XPBD_BROKEN_ENCODING;
+		}
+		return XPBD_BODY_CONSUMED;
+	} else {
+		return XPBD_BROKEN_ENCODING;
+	}
+}
+
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+BOOLEAN_decode_xer(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void **sptr, const char *opt_mname,
+		const void *buf_ptr, size_t size) {
+
+	return xer_decode_primitive(opt_codec_ctx, td,
+		sptr, sizeof(BOOLEAN_t), opt_mname, buf_ptr, size,
+		BOOLEAN__xer_body_decode);
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+BOOLEAN_encode_xer(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
+	int ilevel, enum xer_encoder_flags_e flags,
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	const BOOLEAN_t *st = (const BOOLEAN_t *)sptr;
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+
+	(void)ilevel;
+	(void)flags;
+
+	if(!st) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	if(*st) {
+		_ASN_CALLBACK("<true/>", 7);
+		er.encoded = 7;
+	} else {
+		_ASN_CALLBACK("<false/>", 8);
+		er.encoded = 8;
+	}
+
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+cb_failed:
+	_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+}
+
+int
+BOOLEAN_print(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr, int ilevel,
+	asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	const BOOLEAN_t *st = (const BOOLEAN_t *)sptr;
+	const char *buf;
+	size_t buflen;
+
+	(void)td;	/* Unused argument */
+	(void)ilevel;	/* Unused argument */
+
+	if(st) {
+		if(*st) {
+			buf = "TRUE";
+			buflen = 4;
+		} else {
+			buf = "FALSE";
+			buflen = 5;
+		}
+	} else {
+		buf = "<absent>";
+		buflen = 8;
+	}
+
+	return (cb(buf, buflen, app_key) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
+void
+BOOLEAN_free(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *ptr, int contents_only) {
+	if(td && ptr && !contents_only) {
+		FREEMEM(ptr);
+	}
+}
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+BOOLEAN_decode_uper(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+	asn_dec_rval_t rv;
+	BOOLEAN_t *st = (BOOLEAN_t *)*sptr;
+
+	(void)opt_codec_ctx;
+	(void)constraints;
+
+	if(!st) {
+		st = (BOOLEAN_t *)(*sptr = MALLOC(sizeof(*st)));
+		if(!st) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Extract a single bit
+	 */
+	switch(per_get_few_bits(pd, 1)) {
+	case 1: *st = 1; break;
+	case 0: *st = 0; break;
+	case -1: default: _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+	}
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("%s decoded as %s", td->name, *st ? "TRUE" : "FALSE");
+
+	rv.code = RC_OK;
+	rv.consumed = 1;
+	return rv;
+}
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+BOOLEAN_decode_aper(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+	asn_dec_rval_t rv;
+	BOOLEAN_t *st = (BOOLEAN_t *)*sptr;
+
+	(void)opt_codec_ctx;
+	(void)constraints;
+
+	if(!st) {
+		st = (BOOLEAN_t *)(*sptr = MALLOC(sizeof(*st)));
+		if(!st) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Extract a single bit
+	 */
+	switch(per_get_few_bits(pd, 1)) {
+	case 1: *st = 1; break;
+	case 0: *st = 0; break;
+	case -1: default: _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+	}
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("%s decoded as %s", td->name, *st ? "TRUE" : "FALSE");
+
+	rv.code = RC_OK;
+	rv.consumed = 1;
+	return rv;
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+BOOLEAN_encode_uper(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_per_outp_t *po) {
+	const BOOLEAN_t *st = (const BOOLEAN_t *)sptr;
+	asn_enc_rval_t er = { 0, 0, 0 };
+
+	(void)constraints;
+
+	if(!st) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	if(per_put_few_bits(po, *st ? 1 : 0, 1))
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+BOOLEAN_encode_aper(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+        asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_per_outp_t *po) {
+        const BOOLEAN_t *st = (const BOOLEAN_t *)sptr;
+        asn_enc_rval_t er;
+
+        (void)constraints;
+
+        if(!st) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+        per_put_few_bits(po, *st ? 1 : 0, 1);
+
+        _ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+}
diff --git a/src/rspro/IA5String.c b/src/rspro/IA5String.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cec61c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/IA5String.c
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+#include <IA5String.h>
+
+/*
+ * IA5String basic type description.
+ */
+static const ber_tlv_tag_t asn_DEF_IA5String_tags[] = {
+	(ASN_TAG_CLASS_UNIVERSAL | (22 << 2)),	/* [UNIVERSAL 22] IMPLICIT ...*/
+	(ASN_TAG_CLASS_UNIVERSAL | (4 << 2))	/* ... OCTET STRING */
+};
+static asn_per_constraints_t asn_DEF_IA5String_constraints = {
+	{ APC_CONSTRAINED, 7, 7, 0, 0x7f },	/* Value */
+	{ APC_SEMI_CONSTRAINED, -1, -1, 0, 0 },	/* Size */
+	0, 0
+};
+asn_TYPE_descriptor_t asn_DEF_IA5String = {
+	"IA5String",
+	"IA5String",
+	OCTET_STRING_free,
+	OCTET_STRING_print_utf8,	/* ASCII subset */
+	IA5String_constraint,       /* Constraint on the alphabet */
+	OCTET_STRING_decode_ber,    /* Implemented in terms of OCTET STRING */
+	OCTET_STRING_encode_der,
+	OCTET_STRING_decode_xer_utf8,
+	OCTET_STRING_encode_xer_utf8,
+	OCTET_STRING_decode_uper,
+	OCTET_STRING_encode_uper,
+	OCTET_STRING_decode_aper,
+	OCTET_STRING_encode_aper,
+	0, /* Use generic outmost tag fetcher */
+	asn_DEF_IA5String_tags,
+	sizeof(asn_DEF_IA5String_tags)
+	  / sizeof(asn_DEF_IA5String_tags[0]) - 1,
+	asn_DEF_IA5String_tags,
+	sizeof(asn_DEF_IA5String_tags)
+	  / sizeof(asn_DEF_IA5String_tags[0]),
+	&asn_DEF_IA5String_constraints,
+	0, 0,	/* No members */
+	0	/* No specifics */
+};
+
+int
+IA5String_constraint(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr,
+		asn_app_constraint_failed_f *ctfailcb, void *app_key) {
+	const IA5String_t *st = (const IA5String_t *)sptr;
+
+	if(st && st->buf) {
+		uint8_t *buf = st->buf;
+		uint8_t *end = buf + st->size;
+		/*
+		 * IA5String is generally equivalent to 7bit ASCII.
+		 * ISO/ITU-T T.50, 1963.
+		 */
+		for(; buf < end; buf++) {
+			if(*buf > 0x7F) {
+				_ASN_CTFAIL(app_key, td, sptr,
+					"%s: value byte %ld out of range: "
+					"%d > 127 (%s:%d)",
+					td->name,
+					(long)((buf - st->buf) + 1),
+					*buf,
+					__FILE__, __LINE__);
+				return -1;
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		_ASN_CTFAIL(app_key, td, sptr,
+			"%s: value not given (%s:%d)",
+			td->name, __FILE__, __LINE__);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
diff --git a/src/rspro/INTEGER.c b/src/rspro/INTEGER.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b3f0da1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/INTEGER.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1492 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003-2014 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+#include <INTEGER.h>
+#include <asn_codecs_prim.h>	/* Encoder and decoder of a primitive type */
+#include <errno.h>
+
+/*
+ * INTEGER basic type description.
+ */
+static const ber_tlv_tag_t asn_DEF_INTEGER_tags[] = {
+	(ASN_TAG_CLASS_UNIVERSAL | (2 << 2))
+};
+asn_TYPE_descriptor_t asn_DEF_INTEGER = {
+	"INTEGER",
+	"INTEGER",
+	ASN__PRIMITIVE_TYPE_free,
+	INTEGER_print,
+	asn_generic_no_constraint,
+	ber_decode_primitive,
+	INTEGER_encode_der,
+	INTEGER_decode_xer,
+	INTEGER_encode_xer,
+#ifdef	ASN_DISABLE_PER_SUPPORT
+	0,
+	0,
+	0,
+	0,
+#else
+	INTEGER_decode_uper,	/* Unaligned PER decoder */
+	INTEGER_encode_uper,	/* Unaligned PER encoder */
+	INTEGER_decode_aper,
+	INTEGER_encode_aper,
+#endif	/* ASN_DISABLE_PER_SUPPORT */
+	0, /* Use generic outmost tag fetcher */
+	asn_DEF_INTEGER_tags,
+	sizeof(asn_DEF_INTEGER_tags) / sizeof(asn_DEF_INTEGER_tags[0]),
+	asn_DEF_INTEGER_tags,	/* Same as above */
+	sizeof(asn_DEF_INTEGER_tags) / sizeof(asn_DEF_INTEGER_tags[0]),
+	0,	/* No PER visible constraints */
+	0, 0,	/* No members */
+	0	/* No specifics */
+};
+
+/*
+ * Encode INTEGER type using DER.
+ */
+asn_enc_rval_t
+INTEGER_encode_der(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
+	int tag_mode, ber_tlv_tag_t tag,
+	asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	INTEGER_t *st = (INTEGER_t *)sptr;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("%s %s as INTEGER (tm=%d)",
+		cb?"Encoding":"Estimating", td->name, tag_mode);
+
+	/*
+	 * Canonicalize integer in the buffer.
+	 * (Remove too long sign extension, remove some first 0x00 bytes)
+	 */
+	if(st->buf) {
+		uint8_t *buf = st->buf;
+		uint8_t *end1 = buf + st->size - 1;
+		int shift;
+
+		/* Compute the number of superfluous leading bytes */
+		for(; buf < end1; buf++) {
+			/*
+			 * If the contents octets of an integer value encoding
+			 * consist of more than one octet, then the bits of the
+			 * first octet and bit 8 of the second octet:
+			 * a) shall not all be ones; and
+			 * b) shall not all be zero.
+			 */
+			switch(*buf) {
+			case 0x00: if((buf[1] & 0x80) == 0)
+					continue;
+				break;
+			case 0xff: if((buf[1] & 0x80))
+					continue;
+				break;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/* Remove leading superfluous bytes from the integer */
+		shift = buf - st->buf;
+		if(shift) {
+			uint8_t *nb = st->buf;
+			uint8_t *end;
+
+			st->size -= shift;	/* New size, minus bad bytes */
+			end = nb + st->size;
+
+			for(; nb < end; nb++, buf++)
+				*nb = *buf;
+		}
+
+	} /* if(1) */
+
+	return der_encode_primitive(td, sptr, tag_mode, tag, cb, app_key);
+}
+
+static const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *INTEGER_map_enum2value(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs, const char *lstart, const char *lstop);
+
+/*
+ * INTEGER specific human-readable output.
+ */
+static ssize_t
+INTEGER__dump(const asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const INTEGER_t *st, asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key, int plainOrXER) {
+	asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs=(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	char scratch[32];	/* Enough for 64-bit integer */
+	uint8_t *buf = st->buf;
+	uint8_t *buf_end = st->buf + st->size;
+	signed long value;
+	ssize_t wrote = 0;
+	char *p;
+	int ret;
+
+	if(specs && specs->field_unsigned)
+		ret = asn_INTEGER2ulong(st, (unsigned long *)&value);
+	else
+		ret = asn_INTEGER2long(st, &value);
+
+	/* Simple case: the integer size is small */
+	if(ret == 0) {
+		const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *el;
+		size_t scrsize;
+		char *scr;
+
+		el = (value >= 0 || !specs || !specs->field_unsigned)
+			? INTEGER_map_value2enum(specs, value) : 0;
+		if(el) {
+			scrsize = el->enum_len + 32;
+			scr = (char *)alloca(scrsize);
+			if(plainOrXER == 0)
+				ret = snprintf(scr, scrsize,
+					"%ld (%s)", value, el->enum_name);
+			else
+				ret = snprintf(scr, scrsize,
+					"<%s/>", el->enum_name);
+		} else if(plainOrXER && specs && specs->strict_enumeration) {
+			ASN_DEBUG("ASN.1 forbids dealing with "
+				"unknown value of ENUMERATED type");
+			errno = EPERM;
+			return -1;
+		} else {
+			scrsize = sizeof(scratch);
+			scr = scratch;
+			ret = snprintf(scr, scrsize,
+				(specs && specs->field_unsigned)
+				?"%lu":"%ld", value);
+		}
+		assert(ret > 0 && (size_t)ret < scrsize);
+		return (cb(scr, ret, app_key) < 0) ? -1 : ret;
+	} else if(plainOrXER && specs && specs->strict_enumeration) {
+		/*
+		 * Here and earlier, we cannot encode the ENUMERATED values
+		 * if there is no corresponding identifier.
+		 */
+		ASN_DEBUG("ASN.1 forbids dealing with "
+			"unknown value of ENUMERATED type");
+		errno = EPERM;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/* Output in the long xx:yy:zz... format */
+	/* TODO: replace with generic algorithm (Knuth TAOCP Vol 2, 4.3.1) */
+	for(p = scratch; buf < buf_end; buf++) {
+		const char * const h2c = "0123456789ABCDEF";
+		if((p - scratch) >= (ssize_t)(sizeof(scratch) - 4)) {
+			/* Flush buffer */
+			if(cb(scratch, p - scratch, app_key) < 0)
+				return -1;
+			wrote += p - scratch;
+			p = scratch;
+		}
+		*p++ = h2c[*buf >> 4];
+		*p++ = h2c[*buf & 0x0F];
+		*p++ = 0x3a;	/* ":" */
+	}
+	if(p != scratch)
+		p--;	/* Remove the last ":" */
+
+	wrote += p - scratch;
+	return (cb(scratch, p - scratch, app_key) < 0) ? -1 : wrote;
+}
+
+/*
+ * INTEGER specific human-readable output.
+ */
+int
+INTEGER_print(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr, int ilevel,
+	asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	const INTEGER_t *st = (const INTEGER_t *)sptr;
+	ssize_t ret;
+
+	(void)td;
+	(void)ilevel;
+
+	if(!st || !st->buf)
+		ret = cb("<absent>", 8, app_key);
+	else
+		ret = INTEGER__dump(td, st, cb, app_key, 0);
+
+	return (ret < 0) ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
+struct e2v_key {
+	const char *start;
+	const char *stop;
+	const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *vemap;
+	const unsigned int *evmap;
+};
+static int
+INTEGER__compar_enum2value(const void *kp, const void *am) {
+	const struct e2v_key *key = (const struct e2v_key *)kp;
+	const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *el = (const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *)am;
+	const char *ptr, *end, *name;
+
+	/* Remap the element (sort by different criterion) */
+	el = key->vemap + key->evmap[el - key->vemap];
+
+	/* Compare strings */
+	for(ptr = key->start, end = key->stop, name = el->enum_name;
+			ptr < end; ptr++, name++) {
+		if(*ptr != *name)
+			return *(const unsigned char *)ptr
+				- *(const unsigned char *)name;
+	}
+	return name[0] ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
+static const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *
+INTEGER_map_enum2value(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs, const char *lstart, const char *lstop) {
+	const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *el_found;
+	int count = specs ? specs->map_count : 0;
+	struct e2v_key key;
+	const char *lp;
+
+	if(!count) return NULL;
+
+	/* Guaranteed: assert(lstart < lstop); */
+	/* Figure out the tag name */
+	for(lstart++, lp = lstart; lp < lstop; lp++) {
+		switch(*lp) {
+		case 9: case 10: case 11: case 12: case 13: case 32: /* WSP */
+		case 0x2f: /* '/' */ case 0x3e: /* '>' */
+			break;
+		default:
+			continue;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	if(lp == lstop) return NULL;	/* No tag found */
+	lstop = lp;
+
+	key.start = lstart;
+	key.stop = lstop;
+	key.vemap = specs->value2enum;
+	key.evmap = specs->enum2value;
+	el_found = (asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *)bsearch(&key,
+		specs->value2enum, count, sizeof(specs->value2enum[0]),
+		INTEGER__compar_enum2value);
+	if(el_found) {
+		/* Remap enum2value into value2enum */
+		el_found = key.vemap + key.evmap[el_found - key.vemap];
+	}
+	return el_found;
+}
+
+static int
+INTEGER__compar_value2enum(const void *kp, const void *am) {
+	long a = *(const long *)kp;
+	const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *el = (const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *)am;
+	long b = el->nat_value;
+	if(a < b) return -1;
+	else if(a == b) return 0;
+	else return 1;
+}
+
+const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *
+INTEGER_map_value2enum(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs, long value) {
+	int count = specs ? specs->map_count : 0;
+	if(!count) return 0;
+	return (asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *)bsearch(&value, specs->value2enum,
+		count, sizeof(specs->value2enum[0]),
+		INTEGER__compar_value2enum);
+}
+
+static int
+INTEGER_st_prealloc(INTEGER_t *st, int min_size) {
+	void *p = MALLOC(min_size + 1);
+	if(p) {
+		void *b = st->buf;
+		st->size = 0;
+		st->buf = p;
+		FREEMEM(b);
+		return 0;
+	} else {
+		return -1;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Decode the chunk of XML text encoding INTEGER.
+ */
+static enum xer_pbd_rval
+INTEGER__xer_body_decode(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size) {
+	INTEGER_t *st = (INTEGER_t *)sptr;
+	long dec_value;
+	long hex_value = 0;
+	const char *lp;
+	const char *lstart = (const char *)chunk_buf;
+	const char *lstop = lstart + chunk_size;
+	enum {
+		ST_LEADSPACE,
+		ST_SKIPSPHEX,
+		ST_WAITDIGITS,
+		ST_DIGITS,
+		ST_DIGITS_TRAILSPACE,
+		ST_HEXDIGIT1,
+		ST_HEXDIGIT2,
+		ST_HEXDIGITS_TRAILSPACE,
+		ST_HEXCOLON,
+		ST_END_ENUM,
+		ST_UNEXPECTED
+	} state = ST_LEADSPACE;
+	const char *dec_value_start = 0; /* INVARIANT: always !0 in ST_DIGITS */
+	const char *dec_value_end = 0;
+
+	if(chunk_size)
+		ASN_DEBUG("INTEGER body %ld 0x%2x..0x%2x",
+			(long)chunk_size, *lstart, lstop[-1]);
+
+	if(INTEGER_st_prealloc(st, (chunk_size/3) + 1))
+		return XPBD_SYSTEM_FAILURE;
+
+	/*
+	 * We may have received a tag here. It will be processed inline.
+	 * Use strtoul()-like code and serialize the result.
+	 */
+	for(lp = lstart; lp < lstop; lp++) {
+		int lv = *lp;
+		switch(lv) {
+		case 0x09: case 0x0a: case 0x0d: case 0x20:
+			switch(state) {
+			case ST_LEADSPACE:
+			case ST_DIGITS_TRAILSPACE:
+			case ST_HEXDIGITS_TRAILSPACE:
+			case ST_SKIPSPHEX:
+				continue;
+			case ST_DIGITS:
+				dec_value_end = lp;
+				state = ST_DIGITS_TRAILSPACE;
+				continue;
+			case ST_HEXCOLON:
+				state = ST_HEXDIGITS_TRAILSPACE;
+				continue;
+			default:
+				break;
+			}
+			break;
+		case 0x2d:	/* '-' */
+			if(state == ST_LEADSPACE) {
+				dec_value = 0;
+				dec_value_start = lp;
+				state = ST_WAITDIGITS;
+				continue;
+			}
+			break;
+		case 0x2b:	/* '+' */
+			if(state == ST_LEADSPACE) {
+				dec_value = 0;
+				dec_value_start = lp;
+				state = ST_WAITDIGITS;
+				continue;
+			}
+			break;
+		case 0x30: case 0x31: case 0x32: case 0x33: case 0x34:
+		case 0x35: case 0x36: case 0x37: case 0x38: case 0x39:
+			switch(state) {
+			case ST_DIGITS: continue;
+			case ST_SKIPSPHEX:	/* Fall through */
+			case ST_HEXDIGIT1:
+				hex_value = (lv - 0x30) << 4;
+				state = ST_HEXDIGIT2;
+				continue;
+			case ST_HEXDIGIT2:
+				hex_value += (lv - 0x30);
+				state = ST_HEXCOLON;
+				st->buf[st->size++] = (uint8_t)hex_value;
+				continue;
+			case ST_HEXCOLON:
+				return XPBD_BROKEN_ENCODING;
+			case ST_LEADSPACE:
+				dec_value = 0;
+				dec_value_start = lp;
+				/* FALL THROUGH */
+			case ST_WAITDIGITS:
+				state = ST_DIGITS;
+				continue;
+			default:
+				break;
+			}
+			break;
+		case 0x3c:	/* '<', start of XML encoded enumeration */
+			if(state == ST_LEADSPACE) {
+				const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *el;
+				el = INTEGER_map_enum2value(
+					(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)
+					td->specifics, lstart, lstop);
+				if(el) {
+					ASN_DEBUG("Found \"%s\" => %lld",
+						el->enum_name, el->nat_value);
+					dec_value = el->nat_value;
+					state = ST_END_ENUM;
+					lp = lstop - 1;
+					continue;
+				}
+				ASN_DEBUG("Unknown identifier for INTEGER");
+			}
+			return XPBD_BROKEN_ENCODING;
+		case 0x3a:	/* ':' */
+			if(state == ST_HEXCOLON) {
+				/* This colon is expected */
+				state = ST_HEXDIGIT1;
+				continue;
+			} else if(state == ST_DIGITS) {
+				/* The colon here means that we have
+				 * decoded the first two hexadecimal
+				 * places as a decimal value.
+				 * Switch decoding mode. */
+				ASN_DEBUG("INTEGER re-evaluate as hex form");
+				state = ST_SKIPSPHEX;
+				dec_value_start = 0;
+				lp = lstart - 1;
+				continue;
+			} else {
+				ASN_DEBUG("state %d at %ld", state, (long)(lp - lstart));
+				break;
+			}
+		/* [A-Fa-f] */
+		case 0x41:case 0x42:case 0x43:case 0x44:case 0x45:case 0x46:
+		case 0x61:case 0x62:case 0x63:case 0x64:case 0x65:case 0x66:
+			switch(state) {
+			case ST_SKIPSPHEX:
+			case ST_LEADSPACE: /* Fall through */
+			case ST_HEXDIGIT1:
+				hex_value = lv - ((lv < 0x61) ? 0x41 : 0x61);
+				hex_value += 10;
+				hex_value <<= 4;
+				state = ST_HEXDIGIT2;
+				continue;
+			case ST_HEXDIGIT2:
+				hex_value += lv - ((lv < 0x61) ? 0x41 : 0x61);
+				hex_value += 10;
+				st->buf[st->size++] = (uint8_t)hex_value;
+				state = ST_HEXCOLON;
+				continue;
+			case ST_DIGITS:
+				ASN_DEBUG("INTEGER re-evaluate as hex form");
+				state = ST_SKIPSPHEX;
+				dec_value_start = 0;
+				lp = lstart - 1;
+				continue;
+			default:
+				break;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/* Found extra non-numeric stuff */
+		ASN_DEBUG("INTEGER :: Found non-numeric 0x%2x at %ld",
+			lv, (long)(lp - lstart));
+		state = ST_UNEXPECTED;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	switch(state) {
+	case ST_END_ENUM:
+		/* Got a complete and valid enumeration encoded as a tag. */
+		break;
+	case ST_DIGITS:
+		dec_value_end = lstop;
+		/* FALL THROUGH */
+	case ST_DIGITS_TRAILSPACE:
+		/* The last symbol encountered was a digit. */
+		switch(asn_strtol_lim(dec_value_start, &dec_value_end, &dec_value)) {
+		case ASN_STRTOL_OK:
+			break;
+		case ASN_STRTOL_ERROR_RANGE:
+			return XPBD_DECODER_LIMIT;
+		case ASN_STRTOL_ERROR_INVAL:
+		case ASN_STRTOL_EXPECT_MORE:
+		case ASN_STRTOL_EXTRA_DATA:
+			return XPBD_BROKEN_ENCODING;
+		}
+		break;
+	case ST_HEXCOLON:
+	case ST_HEXDIGITS_TRAILSPACE:
+		st->buf[st->size] = 0;	/* Just in case termination */
+		return XPBD_BODY_CONSUMED;
+	case ST_HEXDIGIT1:
+	case ST_HEXDIGIT2:
+	case ST_SKIPSPHEX:
+		return XPBD_BROKEN_ENCODING;
+	case ST_LEADSPACE:
+		/* Content not found */
+		return XPBD_NOT_BODY_IGNORE;
+	case ST_WAITDIGITS:
+	case ST_UNEXPECTED:
+		ASN_DEBUG("INTEGER: No useful digits (state %d)", state);
+		return XPBD_BROKEN_ENCODING;	/* No digits */
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Convert the result of parsing of enumeration or a straight
+	 * decimal value into a BER representation.
+	 */
+	if(asn_long2INTEGER(st, dec_value))
+		return XPBD_SYSTEM_FAILURE;
+
+	return XPBD_BODY_CONSUMED;
+}
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+INTEGER_decode_xer(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void **sptr, const char *opt_mname,
+		const void *buf_ptr, size_t size) {
+
+	return xer_decode_primitive(opt_codec_ctx, td,
+		sptr, sizeof(INTEGER_t), opt_mname,
+		buf_ptr, size, INTEGER__xer_body_decode);
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+INTEGER_encode_xer(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
+	int ilevel, enum xer_encoder_flags_e flags,
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	const INTEGER_t *st = (const INTEGER_t *)sptr;
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+
+	(void)ilevel;
+	(void)flags;
+	
+	if(!st || !st->buf)
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	er.encoded = INTEGER__dump(td, st, cb, app_key, 1);
+	if(er.encoded < 0) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+}
+
+#ifndef	ASN_DISABLE_PER_SUPPORT
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+INTEGER_decode_uper(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+	asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs=(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval = { RC_OK, 0 };
+	INTEGER_t *st = (INTEGER_t *)*sptr;
+	asn_per_constraint_t *ct;
+	int repeat;
+
+	(void)opt_codec_ctx;
+
+	if(!st) {
+		st = (INTEGER_t *)(*sptr = CALLOC(1, sizeof(*st)));
+		if(!st) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	if(!constraints) constraints = td->per_constraints;
+	ct = constraints ? &constraints->value : 0;
+
+	if(ct && ct->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE) {
+		int inext = per_get_few_bits(pd, 1);
+		if(inext < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		if(inext) ct = 0;
+	}
+
+	FREEMEM(st->buf);
+	st->buf = 0;
+	st->size = 0;
+	if(ct) {
+		if(ct->flags & APC_SEMI_CONSTRAINED) {
+			st->buf = (uint8_t *)CALLOC(1, 2);
+			if(!st->buf) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+			st->size = 1;
+		} else if(ct->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED && ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+			size_t size = (ct->range_bits + 7) >> 3;
+			st->buf = (uint8_t *)MALLOC(1 + size + 1);
+			if(!st->buf) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+			st->size = size;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* X.691-2008/11, #13.2.2, constrained whole number */
+	if(ct && ct->flags != APC_UNCONSTRAINED) {
+		/* #11.5.6 */
+		ASN_DEBUG("Integer with range %d bits", ct->range_bits);
+		if(ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+			if((size_t)ct->range_bits > 8 * sizeof(unsigned long))
+				_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+
+			if(specs && specs->field_unsigned) {
+				unsigned long uvalue;
+				if(uper_get_constrained_whole_number(pd,
+					&uvalue, ct->range_bits))
+					_ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+				ASN_DEBUG("Got value %lu + low %lld",
+					uvalue, ct->lower_bound);
+				uvalue += ct->lower_bound;
+				if(asn_ulong2INTEGER(st, uvalue))
+					_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+			} else {
+				unsigned long svalue;
+				if(uper_get_constrained_whole_number(pd,
+					&svalue, ct->range_bits))
+					_ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+				ASN_DEBUG("Got value %ld + low %ld",
+					svalue, ct->lower_bound);
+				svalue += ct->lower_bound;
+				if(asn_long2INTEGER(st, svalue))
+					_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+			}
+			return rval;
+		}
+	} else {
+		ASN_DEBUG("Decoding unconstrained integer %s", td->name);
+	}
+
+	/* X.691, #12.2.3, #12.2.4 */
+	do {
+		ssize_t len;
+		void *p;
+		int ret;
+
+		/* Get the PER length */
+		len = uper_get_length(pd, -1, &repeat);
+		if(len < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+
+		p = REALLOC(st->buf, st->size + len + 1);
+		if(!p) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+		st->buf = (uint8_t *)p;
+
+		ret = per_get_many_bits(pd, &st->buf[st->size], 0, 8 * len);
+		if(ret < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		st->size += len;
+	} while(repeat);
+	st->buf[st->size] = 0;	/* JIC */
+
+	/* #12.2.3 */
+	if(ct && ct->lower_bound) {
+		/*
+		 * TODO: replace by in-place arithmetics.
+		 */
+		long value;
+		if(asn_INTEGER2long(st, &value))
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+		if(asn_long2INTEGER(st, value + ct->lower_bound))
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	return rval;
+}
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+INTEGER_decode_aper(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+	asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs=(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval = { RC_OK, 0 };
+	INTEGER_t *st = (INTEGER_t *)*sptr;
+	asn_per_constraint_t *ct;
+	int repeat;
+
+	(void)opt_codec_ctx;
+
+	if(!st) {
+		st = (INTEGER_t *)(*sptr = CALLOC(1, sizeof(*st)));
+		if(!st) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	if(!constraints) constraints = td->per_constraints;
+	ct = constraints ? &constraints->value : 0;
+
+	if(ct && ct->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE) {
+		int inext = per_get_few_bits(pd, 1);
+		if(inext < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		if(inext) ct = 0;
+	}
+
+	FREEMEM(st->buf);
+	st->buf = 0;
+	st->size = 0;
+	if(ct) {
+		if(ct->flags & APC_SEMI_CONSTRAINED) {
+			st->buf = (uint8_t *)CALLOC(1, 2);
+			if(!st->buf) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+			st->size = 1;
+		} else if(ct->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED && ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+			size_t size = (ct->range_bits + 7) >> 3;
+			st->buf = (uint8_t *)MALLOC(1 + size + 1);
+			if(!st->buf) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+			st->size = size;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* X.691, #12.2.2 */
+	if(ct && ct->flags != APC_UNCONSTRAINED) {
+		/* #10.5.6 */
+		ASN_DEBUG("Integer with range %d bits", ct->range_bits);
+		if(ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+			if (ct->range_bits > 16) {
+				int max_range_bytes = (ct->range_bits >> 3) +
+					(((ct->range_bits % 8) > 0) ? 1 : 0);
+				int length = 0, i;
+				int64_t value = 0;
+
+				for (i = 1; ; i++) {
+					int upper = 1 << i;
+					if (upper >= max_range_bytes)
+						break;
+				}
+				ASN_DEBUG("Can encode %d (%d bytes) in %d bits", ct->range_bits,
+						max_range_bytes, i);
+
+				if ((length = per_get_few_bits(pd, i)) < 0)
+					_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+
+				/* X.691 #12.2.6 length determinant + lb (1) */
+				length += 1;
+				ASN_DEBUG("Got length %d", length);
+
+				if (aper_get_align(pd) != 0)
+					_ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+
+				while (length--) {
+					int buf = per_get_few_bits(pd, 8);
+					if (buf < 0)
+						_ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+					value += (((int64_t)buf) << (8 * length));
+				}
+
+				value += ct->lower_bound;
+				if((specs && specs->field_unsigned)
+					? asn_uint642INTEGER(st, value)
+					: asn_int642INTEGER(st, value))
+					_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+				ASN_DEBUG("Got value %lld + low %lld",
+						  value, ct->lower_bound);
+			} else {
+				long value = 0;
+				if (ct->range_bits < 8) {
+					value = per_get_few_bits(pd, ct->range_bits);
+					if(value < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+				} else if (ct->range_bits == 8) {
+					if (aper_get_align(pd) < 0)
+						_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+					value = per_get_few_bits(pd, ct->range_bits);
+					if(value < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+				} else {
+					/* Align */
+					if (aper_get_align(pd) < 0)
+						_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+					value = per_get_few_bits(pd, 16);
+					if(value < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+				}
+				value += ct->lower_bound;
+				if((specs && specs->field_unsigned)
+					? asn_ulong2INTEGER(st, value)
+					: asn_long2INTEGER(st, value))
+					_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+					ASN_DEBUG("Got value %ld + low %lld",
+							  value, ct->lower_bound);
+			}
+			return rval;
+		} else {
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+		}
+	} else {
+		ASN_DEBUG("Decoding unconstrained integer %s", td->name);
+	}
+
+	/* X.691, #12.2.3, #12.2.4 */
+	do {
+		ssize_t len;
+		void *p;
+		int ret;
+
+		/* Get the PER length */
+		len = aper_get_length(pd, -1, -1, &repeat);
+		if(len < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+
+		p = REALLOC(st->buf, st->size + len + 1);
+		if(!p) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+		st->buf = (uint8_t *)p;
+
+		ret = per_get_many_bits(pd, &st->buf[st->size], 0, 8 * len);
+		if(ret < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		st->size += len;
+	} while(repeat);
+	st->buf[st->size] = 0;	/* JIC */
+
+	/* #12.2.3 */
+	if(ct && ct->lower_bound) {
+		/*
+		 * TODO: replace by in-place arithmetics.
+		 */
+		long value;
+		if(asn_INTEGER2long(st, &value))
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+		if(asn_long2INTEGER(st, value + ct->lower_bound))
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	return rval;
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+INTEGER_encode_uper(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_per_outp_t *po) {
+	asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs=(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+	INTEGER_t *st = (INTEGER_t *)sptr;
+	const uint8_t *buf;
+	const uint8_t *end;
+	asn_per_constraint_t *ct;
+	long value = 0;
+
+	if(!st || st->size == 0) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	if(!constraints) constraints = td->per_constraints;
+	ct = constraints ? &constraints->value : 0;
+
+	er.encoded = 0;
+
+	if(ct) {
+		int inext = 0;
+		if(specs && specs->field_unsigned) {
+			unsigned long uval;
+			if(asn_INTEGER2ulong(st, &uval))
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+			/* Check proper range */
+			if(ct->flags & APC_SEMI_CONSTRAINED) {
+				if(uval < (unsigned long)ct->lower_bound)
+					inext = 1;
+			} else if(ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+				if(uval < (unsigned long)ct->lower_bound
+				|| uval > (unsigned long)ct->upper_bound)
+					inext = 1;
+			}
+			ASN_DEBUG("Value %lu (%02x/%d) lb %llu ub %llu %s",
+				uval, st->buf[0], st->size,
+				ct->lower_bound, ct->upper_bound,
+				inext ? "ext" : "fix");
+			value = uval;
+		} else {
+			if(asn_INTEGER2long(st, &value))
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+			/* Check proper range */
+			if(ct->flags & APC_SEMI_CONSTRAINED) {
+				if(value < ct->lower_bound)
+					inext = 1;
+			} else if(ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+				if(value < ct->lower_bound
+				|| value > ct->upper_bound)
+					inext = 1;
+			}
+			ASN_DEBUG("Value %ld (%02x/%d) lb %lld ub %lld %s",
+				value, st->buf[0], st->size,
+				ct->lower_bound, ct->upper_bound,
+				inext ? "ext" : "fix");
+		}
+		if(ct->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE) {
+			if(per_put_few_bits(po, inext, 1))
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+			if(inext) ct = 0;
+		} else if(inext) {
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		}
+	}
+
+
+	/* X.691-11/2008, #13.2.2, test if constrained whole number */
+	if(ct && ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+		/* #11.5.6 -> #11.3 */
+		ASN_DEBUG("Encoding integer %ld (%lu) with range %d bits",
+			value, value - ct->lower_bound, ct->range_bits);
+		unsigned long v = value - ct->lower_bound;
+		if(uper_put_constrained_whole_number_u(po, v, ct->range_bits))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+	}
+
+	if(ct && ct->lower_bound) {
+		ASN_DEBUG("Adjust lower bound to %lld", ct->lower_bound);
+		/* TODO: adjust lower bound */
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	for(buf = st->buf, end = st->buf + st->size; buf < end;) {
+		ssize_t mayEncode = uper_put_length(po, end - buf);
+		if(mayEncode < 0)
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		if(per_put_many_bits(po, buf, 8 * mayEncode))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		buf += mayEncode;
+	}
+
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+INTEGER_encode_aper(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_per_outp_t *po) {
+	asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs=(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+	INTEGER_t *st = (INTEGER_t *)sptr;
+	const uint8_t *buf;
+	const uint8_t *end;
+	asn_per_constraint_t *ct;
+	int64_t value = 0;
+
+	if(!st || st->size == 0) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	if(!constraints) constraints = td->per_constraints;
+	ct = constraints ? &constraints->value : 0;
+
+	er.encoded = 0;
+
+	if(ct) {
+		int inext = 0;
+		if(specs && specs->field_unsigned) {
+			uint64_t uval;
+			if(asn_INTEGER2uint64(st, &uval))
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+			/* Check proper range */
+			if(ct->flags & APC_SEMI_CONSTRAINED) {
+				if(uval < (unsigned long long)ct->lower_bound)
+					inext = 1;
+			} else if(ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+				if(uval < (unsigned long long)ct->lower_bound
+					|| uval > (unsigned long long)ct->upper_bound)
+					inext = 1;
+			}
+			ASN_DEBUG("Value %llu (%02x/%d) lb %llu ub %llu %s",
+								uval, st->buf[0], st->size,
+								ct->lower_bound, ct->upper_bound,
+								inext ? "ext" : "fix");
+						value = uval;
+		} else {
+			if(asn_INTEGER2int64(st, &value)) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+			/* Check proper range */
+			if(ct->flags & APC_SEMI_CONSTRAINED) {
+				if(value < ct->lower_bound)
+					inext = 1;
+			} else if(ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+				if(value < ct->lower_bound
+					|| value > ct->upper_bound)
+					inext = 1;
+			}
+			ASN_DEBUG("Value %lld (%02x/%d) lb %lld ub %lld %s",
+					  value, st->buf[0], st->size,
+					  ct->lower_bound, ct->upper_bound,
+					  inext ? "ext" : "fix");
+		}
+		if(ct->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE) {
+			if(per_put_few_bits(po, inext, 1))
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+			if(inext) ct = 0;
+		} else if(inext) {
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* X.691, #12.2.2 */
+	if(ct && ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+		/* #10.5.6 */
+		ASN_DEBUG("Encoding integer %ld (%lu) with range %d bits",
+			value, value - ct->lower_bound, ct->range_bits);
+		unsigned long v = value - ct->lower_bound;
+
+		/* #12 <= 8 -> alignment ? */
+		if (ct->range_bits < 8) {
+			if(per_put_few_bits(po, 0x00 | v, ct->range_bits))
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		} else if (ct->range_bits == 8) {
+			if(aper_put_align(po) < 0)
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+			if(per_put_few_bits(po, 0x00 | v, ct->range_bits))
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		} else if (ct->range_bits <= 16) {
+			// Consume the bytes to align on octet
+			if(aper_put_align(po) < 0)
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+			if(per_put_few_bits(po, 0x0000 | v,
+				16))
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		} else {
+			/* TODO: extend to >64 bits */
+			int64_t v64 = v;
+			int i, j;
+			int max_range_bytes = (ct->range_bits >> 3) +
+					(((ct->range_bits % 8) > 0) ? 1 : 0);
+
+			for (i = 1; ; i++) {
+				int upper = 1 << i;
+				if (upper >= max_range_bytes)
+					break;
+			}
+
+			for (j = sizeof(int64_t) -1; j != 0; j--) {
+				uint8_t val;
+				val = v64 >> (j * 8);
+				if (val != 0)
+					break;
+			}
+
+			/* Putting length in the minimum number of bits ex: 5 = 3bits */
+			if (per_put_few_bits(po, j, i))
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+			// Consume the bits to align on octet
+			if (aper_put_align(po) < 0)
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+			/* Put the value */
+			for (i = 0; i <= j; i++) {
+				if(per_put_few_bits(po, (v64 >> (8 * (j - i))) & 0xff, 8))
+					_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+			}
+		}
+		_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+	}
+
+	if(ct && ct->lower_bound) {
+		ASN_DEBUG("Adjust lower bound to %lld", ct->lower_bound);
+		/* TODO: adjust lower bound */
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	for(buf = st->buf, end = st->buf + st->size; buf < end;) {
+		ssize_t mayEncode = aper_put_length(po, -1, end - buf);
+		if(mayEncode < 0)
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		if(per_put_many_bits(po, buf, 8 * mayEncode))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		buf += mayEncode;
+	}
+
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+}
+
+#endif	/* ASN_DISABLE_PER_SUPPORT */
+
+int
+asn_INTEGER2long(const INTEGER_t *iptr, long *lptr) {
+	uint8_t *b, *end;
+	size_t size;
+	long l;
+
+	/* Sanity checking */
+	if(!iptr || !iptr->buf || !lptr) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/* Cache the begin/end of the buffer */
+	b = iptr->buf;	/* Start of the INTEGER buffer */
+	size = iptr->size;
+	end = b + size;	/* Where to stop */
+
+	if(size > sizeof(long)) {
+		uint8_t *end1 = end - 1;
+		/*
+		 * Slightly more advanced processing,
+		 * able to >sizeof(long) bytes,
+		 * when the actual value is small
+		 * (0x0000000000abcdef would yield a fine 0x00abcdef)
+		 */
+		/* Skip out the insignificant leading bytes */
+		for(; b < end1; b++) {
+			switch(*b) {
+			case 0x00: if((b[1] & 0x80) == 0) continue; break;
+			case 0xff: if((b[1] & 0x80) != 0) continue; break;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+
+		size = end - b;
+		if(size > sizeof(long)) {
+			/* Still cannot fit the long */
+			errno = ERANGE;
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Shortcut processing of a corner case */
+	if(end == b) {
+		*lptr = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Perform the sign initialization */
+	/* Actually l = -(*b >> 7); gains nothing, yet unreadable! */
+	if((*b >> 7)) l = -1; else l = 0;
+
+	/* Conversion engine */
+	for(; b < end; b++)
+		l = (l << 8) | *b;
+
+	*lptr = l;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+asn_INTEGER2int64(const INTEGER_t *iptr, int64_t *lptr) {
+	uint8_t *b, *end;
+	size_t size;
+	int64_t l;
+
+	/* Sanity checking */
+	if(!iptr || !iptr->buf || !lptr) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/* Cache the begin/end of the buffer */
+	b = iptr->buf;	/* Start of the INTEGER buffer */
+	size = iptr->size;
+	end = b + size;	/* Where to stop */
+
+	if(size > sizeof(int64_t)) {
+		uint8_t *end1 = end - 1;
+		/*
+		 * Slightly more advanced processing,
+		 * able to >sizeof(int64_t) bytes,
+		 * when the actual value is small
+		 * (0x0000000000abcdef would yield a fine 0x00abcdef)
+		 */
+		/* Skip out the insignificant leading bytes */
+		for(; b < end1; b++) {
+			switch(*b) {
+				case 0x00: if((b[1] & 0x80) == 0) continue; break;
+				case 0xff: if((b[1] & 0x80) != 0) continue; break;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+
+		size = end - b;
+		if(size > sizeof(int64_t)) {
+			/* Still cannot fit the int64_t */
+			errno = ERANGE;
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Shortcut processing of a corner case */
+	if(end == b) {
+		*lptr = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Perform the sign initialization */
+	/* Actually l = -(*b >> 7); gains nothing, yet unreadable! */
+	if((*b >> 7)) l = -1; else l = 0;
+
+	/* Conversion engine */
+	for(; b < end; b++)
+		l = (l << 8) | *b;
+
+	*lptr = l;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+asn_INTEGER2ulong(const INTEGER_t *iptr, unsigned long *lptr) {
+	uint8_t *b, *end;
+	unsigned long l;
+	size_t size;
+
+	if(!iptr || !iptr->buf || !lptr) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	b = iptr->buf;
+	size = iptr->size;
+	end = b + size;
+
+	/* If all extra leading bytes are zeroes, ignore them */
+	for(; size > sizeof(unsigned long); b++, size--) {
+		if(*b) {
+			/* Value won't fit unsigned long */
+			errno = ERANGE;
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Conversion engine */
+	for(l = 0; b < end; b++)
+		l = (l << 8) | *b;
+
+	*lptr = l;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+asn_INTEGER2uint64(const INTEGER_t *iptr, uint64_t *lptr) {
+	uint8_t *b, *end;
+	uint64_t l;
+	size_t size;
+
+	if(!iptr || !iptr->buf || !lptr) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	b = iptr->buf;
+	size = iptr->size;
+	end = b + size;
+
+	/* If all extra leading bytes are zeroes, ignore them */
+	for(; size > sizeof(uint64_t); b++, size--) {
+		if(*b) {
+			/* Value won't fit unsigned long */
+			errno = ERANGE;
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Conversion engine */
+	for(l = 0; b < end; b++)
+		l = (l << 8) | *b;
+
+	*lptr = l;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+asn_ulong2INTEGER(INTEGER_t *st, unsigned long value) {
+	uint8_t *buf;
+	uint8_t *end;
+	uint8_t *b;
+	int shr;
+
+	if(value <= LONG_MAX)
+		return asn_long2INTEGER(st, value);
+
+	buf = (uint8_t *)MALLOC(1 + sizeof(value));
+	if(!buf) return -1;
+
+	end = buf + (sizeof(value) + 1);
+	buf[0] = 0;
+	for(b = buf + 1, shr = (sizeof(long)-1)*8; b < end; shr -= 8, b++)
+		*b = (uint8_t)(value >> shr);
+
+	if(st->buf) FREEMEM(st->buf);
+	st->buf = buf;
+	st->size = 1 + sizeof(value);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+asn_uint642INTEGER(INTEGER_t *st, uint64_t value) {
+	uint8_t *buf;
+	uint8_t *end;
+	uint8_t *b;
+	int shr;
+
+	if(value <= INT64_MAX)
+		return asn_int642INTEGER(st, value);
+
+	buf = (uint8_t *)MALLOC(1 + sizeof(value));
+	if(!buf) return -1;
+
+	end = buf + (sizeof(value) + 1);
+	buf[0] = 0;
+	for(b = buf + 1, shr = (sizeof(value)-1)*8; b < end; shr -= 8, b++)
+		*b = (uint8_t)(value >> shr);
+
+	if(st->buf) FREEMEM(st->buf);
+	st->buf = buf;
+	st->size = 1 + sizeof(value);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+asn_int642INTEGER(INTEGER_t *st, int64_t value) {
+	uint8_t *buf, *bp;
+	uint8_t *p;
+	uint8_t *pstart;
+	uint8_t *pend1;
+	int littleEndian = 1;	/* Run-time detection */
+	int add;
+
+	if(!st) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	buf = (uint8_t *)MALLOC(sizeof(value));
+	if(!buf) return -1;
+
+	if(*(char *)&littleEndian) {
+		pstart = (uint8_t *)&value + sizeof(value) - 1;
+		pend1 = (uint8_t *)&value;
+		add = -1;
+	} else {
+		pstart = (uint8_t *)&value;
+		pend1 = pstart + sizeof(value) - 1;
+		add = 1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If the contents octet consists of more than one octet,
+	 * then bits of the first octet and bit 8 of the second octet:
+	 * a) shall not all be ones; and
+	 * b) shall not all be zero.
+	 */
+	for(p = pstart; p != pend1; p += add) {
+		switch(*p) {
+		case 0x00: if((*(p+add) & 0x80) == 0)
+				continue;
+			break;
+		case 0xff: if((*(p+add) & 0x80))
+				continue;
+			break;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	/* Copy the integer body */
+	for(pstart = p, bp = buf, pend1 += add; p != pend1; p += add)
+		*bp++ = *p;
+
+	if(st->buf) FREEMEM(st->buf);
+	st->buf = buf;
+	st->size = bp - buf;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+asn_long2INTEGER(INTEGER_t *st, long value) {
+	uint8_t *buf, *bp;
+	uint8_t *p;
+	uint8_t *pstart;
+	uint8_t *pend1;
+	int littleEndian = 1;	/* Run-time detection */
+	int add;
+
+	if(!st) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	buf = (uint8_t *)MALLOC(sizeof(value));
+	if(!buf) return -1;
+
+	if(*(char *)&littleEndian) {
+		pstart = (uint8_t *)&value + sizeof(value) - 1;
+		pend1 = (uint8_t *)&value;
+		add = -1;
+	} else {
+		pstart = (uint8_t *)&value;
+		pend1 = pstart + sizeof(value) - 1;
+		add = 1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If the contents octet consists of more than one octet,
+	 * then bits of the first octet and bit 8 of the second octet:
+	 * a) shall not all be ones; and
+	 * b) shall not all be zero.
+	 */
+	for(p = pstart; p != pend1; p += add) {
+		switch(*p) {
+		case 0x00: if((*(p+add) & 0x80) == 0)
+				continue;
+			break;
+		case 0xff: if((*(p+add) & 0x80))
+				continue;
+			break;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	/* Copy the integer body */
+	for(pstart = p, bp = buf, pend1 += add; p != pend1; p += add)
+		*bp++ = *p;
+
+	if(st->buf) FREEMEM(st->buf);
+	st->buf = buf;
+	st->size = bp - buf;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function is going to be DEPRECATED soon.
+ */
+enum asn_strtol_result_e
+asn_strtol(const char *str, const char *end, long *lp) {
+    const char *endp = end;
+
+    switch(asn_strtol_lim(str, &endp, lp)) {
+    case ASN_STRTOL_ERROR_RANGE:
+        return ASN_STRTOL_ERROR_RANGE;
+    case ASN_STRTOL_ERROR_INVAL:
+        return ASN_STRTOL_ERROR_INVAL;
+    case ASN_STRTOL_EXPECT_MORE:
+        return ASN_STRTOL_ERROR_INVAL;  /* Retain old behavior */
+    case ASN_STRTOL_OK:
+        return ASN_STRTOL_OK;
+    case ASN_STRTOL_EXTRA_DATA:
+        return ASN_STRTOL_ERROR_INVAL;  /* Retain old behavior */
+    }
+
+    return ASN_STRTOL_ERROR_INVAL;  /* Retain old behavior */
+}
+
+/*
+ * Parse the number in the given string until the given *end position,
+ * returning the position after the last parsed character back using the
+ * same (*end) pointer.
+ * WARNING: This behavior is different from the standard strtol(3).
+ */
+enum asn_strtol_result_e
+asn_strtol_lim(const char *str, const char **end, long *lp) {
+	int sign = 1;
+	long l;
+
+	const long upper_boundary = LONG_MAX / 10;
+	long last_digit_max = LONG_MAX % 10;
+
+	if(str >= *end) return ASN_STRTOL_ERROR_INVAL;
+
+	switch(*str) {
+	case '-':
+		last_digit_max++;
+		sign = -1;
+	case '+':
+		str++;
+		if(str >= *end) {
+			*end = str;
+			return ASN_STRTOL_EXPECT_MORE;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for(l = 0; str < (*end); str++) {
+		switch(*str) {
+		case 0x30: case 0x31: case 0x32: case 0x33: case 0x34:
+		case 0x35: case 0x36: case 0x37: case 0x38: case 0x39: {
+			int d = *str - '0';
+			if(l < upper_boundary) {
+				l = l * 10 + d;
+			} else if(l == upper_boundary) {
+				if(d <= last_digit_max) {
+					if(sign > 0) {
+						l = l * 10 + d;
+					} else {
+						sign = 1;
+						l = -l * 10 - d;
+					}
+				} else {
+					*end = str;
+					return ASN_STRTOL_ERROR_RANGE;
+				}
+			} else {
+				*end = str;
+				return ASN_STRTOL_ERROR_RANGE;
+			}
+		    }
+		    continue;
+		default:
+		    *end = str;
+		    *lp = sign * l;
+		    return ASN_STRTOL_EXTRA_DATA;
+		}
+	}
+
+	*end = str;
+	*lp = sign * l;
+	return ASN_STRTOL_OK;
+}
+
diff --git a/src/rspro/Makefile.am b/src/rspro/Makefile.am
index dc3a822..96c0a3a 100644
--- a/src/rspro/Makefile.am
+++ b/src/rspro/Makefile.am
@@ -76,14 +76,66 @@
 	TpduModemToCard.h \
 	$(NULL)
 
-AM_CFLAGS = -I$(top_srcdir)/include $(ASN1C_CFLAGS) $(OSMOCORE_CFLAGS)
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=BOOLEAN.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=IA5String.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=INTEGER.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=NativeEnumerated.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=NativeInteger.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=constr_CHOICE.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=constr_SEQUENCE.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=OCTET_STRING.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=BIT_STRING.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=asn_codecs_prim.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=ber_tlv_length.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=ber_tlv_tag.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=ber_decoder.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=der_encoder.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=constr_TYPE.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=constraints.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=xer_support.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=xer_decoder.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=xer_encoder.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=per_support.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=per_decoder.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=per_encoder.c
+ASN_MODULE_SOURCES+=per_opentype.c
+
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=BOOLEAN.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=INTEGER.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=NativeEnumerated.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=IA5String.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=NativeInteger.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=constr_CHOICE.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=constr_SEQUENCE.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=asn_application.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=asn_system.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=asn_codecs.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=asn_internal.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=OCTET_STRING.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=BIT_STRING.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=asn_codecs_prim.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=ber_tlv_length.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=ber_tlv_tag.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=ber_decoder.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=der_encoder.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=constr_TYPE.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=constraints.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=xer_support.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=xer_decoder.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=xer_encoder.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=per_support.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=per_decoder.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=per_encoder.h
+ASN_MODULE_INC+=per_opentype.h
+
+AM_CFLAGS = -I$(top_srcdir)/include $(OSMOCORE_CFLAGS) \
+		-I$(top_srcdir)/include/osmocom/rspro -DEMIT_ASN_DEBUG
 
 noinst_LTLIBRARIES=libosmo-asn1-rspro.la
 libosmo_asn1_rspro_la_SOURCES=$(ASN_MODULE_SOURCES)
-libosmo_asn1_rspro_la_LIBADD=$(ASN1C_LDADD)
 
 regen: regenerate-from-asn1-source
 
 regenerate-from-asn1-source:
-	asn1c -R $(top_srcdir)/asn1/RSPRO.asn
+	asn1c $(top_srcdir)/asn1/RSPRO.asn
 	$(top_srcdir)/move-asn1-header-files.sh osmocom/rspro $(ASN_MODULE_INC)
diff --git a/src/rspro/NativeEnumerated.c b/src/rspro/NativeEnumerated.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..124e7f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/NativeEnumerated.c
@@ -0,0 +1,360 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2004, 2007 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+/*
+ * Read the NativeInteger.h for the explanation wrt. differences between
+ * INTEGER and NativeInteger.
+ * Basically, both are decoders and encoders of ASN.1 INTEGER type, but this
+ * implementation deals with the standard (machine-specific) representation
+ * of them instead of using the platform-independent buffer.
+ */
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+#include <NativeEnumerated.h>
+
+/*
+ * NativeEnumerated basic type description.
+ */
+static const ber_tlv_tag_t asn_DEF_NativeEnumerated_tags[] = {
+	(ASN_TAG_CLASS_UNIVERSAL | (10 << 2))
+};
+asn_TYPE_descriptor_t asn_DEF_NativeEnumerated = {
+	"ENUMERATED",			/* The ASN.1 type is still ENUMERATED */
+	"ENUMERATED",
+	NativeInteger_free,
+	NativeEnumerated_print,
+	asn_generic_no_constraint,
+	NativeInteger_decode_ber,
+	NativeInteger_encode_der,
+	NativeInteger_decode_xer,
+	NativeEnumerated_encode_xer,
+	NativeEnumerated_decode_uper,
+	NativeEnumerated_encode_uper,
+	NativeEnumerated_decode_aper,
+	NativeEnumerated_encode_aper,
+	0, /* Use generic outmost tag fetcher */
+	asn_DEF_NativeEnumerated_tags,
+	sizeof(asn_DEF_NativeEnumerated_tags) / sizeof(asn_DEF_NativeEnumerated_tags[0]),
+	asn_DEF_NativeEnumerated_tags,	/* Same as above */
+	sizeof(asn_DEF_NativeEnumerated_tags) / sizeof(asn_DEF_NativeEnumerated_tags[0]),
+	0,	/* No PER visible constraints */
+	0, 0,	/* No members */
+	0	/* No specifics */
+};
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+NativeEnumerated_encode_xer(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
+        int ilevel, enum xer_encoder_flags_e flags,
+                asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs=(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+        asn_enc_rval_t er;
+        const long *native = (const long *)sptr;
+	const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *el;
+
+        (void)ilevel;
+        (void)flags;
+
+        if(!native) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	el = INTEGER_map_value2enum(specs, *native);
+	if(el) {
+		size_t srcsize = el->enum_len + 5;
+		char *src = (char *)alloca(srcsize);
+
+		er.encoded = snprintf(src, srcsize, "<%s/>", el->enum_name);
+		assert(er.encoded > 0 && (size_t)er.encoded < srcsize);
+		if(cb(src, er.encoded, app_key) < 0) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+	} else {
+		ASN_DEBUG("ASN.1 forbids dealing with "
+			"unknown value of ENUMERATED type");
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	}
+}
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+NativeEnumerated_decode_uper(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, asn_per_constraints_t *constraints,
+	void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+	asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs = (asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval = { RC_OK, 0 };
+	long *native = (long *)*sptr;
+	asn_per_constraint_t *ct;
+	long value;
+
+	(void)opt_codec_ctx;
+
+	if(constraints) ct = &constraints->value;
+	else if(td->per_constraints) ct = &td->per_constraints->value;
+	else _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;	/* Mandatory! */
+	if(!specs) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+
+	if(!native) {
+		native = (long *)(*sptr = CALLOC(1, sizeof(*native)));
+		if(!native) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Decoding %s as NativeEnumerated", td->name);
+
+	if(ct->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE) {
+		int inext = per_get_few_bits(pd, 1);
+		if(inext < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		if(inext) ct = 0;
+	}
+
+	if(ct && ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+		value = per_get_few_bits(pd, ct->range_bits);
+		if(value < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		if(value >= (specs->extension
+			? specs->extension - 1 : specs->map_count))
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	} else {
+		if(!specs->extension)
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+		/*
+		 * X.691, #10.6: normally small non-negative whole number;
+		 */
+		value = uper_get_nsnnwn(pd);
+		if(value < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		value += specs->extension - 1;
+		if(value >= specs->map_count)
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	*native = specs->value2enum[value].nat_value;
+	ASN_DEBUG("Decoded %s = %ld", td->name, *native);
+
+	return rval;
+}
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+NativeEnumerated_decode_aper(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, asn_per_constraints_t *constraints,
+	void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+	asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs = (asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval = { RC_OK, 0 };
+	long *native = (long *)*sptr;
+	asn_per_constraint_t *ct;
+	long value;
+
+	(void)opt_codec_ctx;
+
+	if(constraints) ct = &constraints->value;
+	else if(td->per_constraints) ct = &td->per_constraints->value;
+	else _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;	/* Mandatory! */
+	if(!specs) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+
+	if(!native) {
+		native = (long *)(*sptr = CALLOC(1, sizeof(*native)));
+		if(!native) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Decoding %s as NativeEnumerated", td->name);
+
+	if(ct->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE) {
+		int inext = per_get_few_bits(pd, 1);
+		if(inext < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		if(inext) ct = 0;
+	}
+
+	if(ct && ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+		value = per_get_few_bits(pd, ct->range_bits);
+		if(value < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		if(value >= (specs->extension
+			? specs->extension - 1 : specs->map_count))
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	} else {
+		if(!specs->extension)
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+		/*
+		 * X.691, #10.6: normally small non-negative whole number;
+		 */
+		value = uper_get_nsnnwn(pd);
+		if(value < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		value += specs->extension - 1;
+		if(value >= specs->map_count)
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	*native = specs->value2enum[value].nat_value;
+	ASN_DEBUG("Decoded %s = %ld", td->name, *native);
+
+	return rval;
+}
+
+static int
+NativeEnumerated__compar_value2enum(const void *ap, const void *bp) {
+	const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *a = ap;
+	const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *b = bp;
+	if(a->nat_value == b->nat_value)
+		return 0;
+	if(a->nat_value < b->nat_value)
+		return -1;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+NativeEnumerated_encode_uper(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_per_outp_t *po) {
+	asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs = (asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+	long native, value;
+	asn_per_constraint_t *ct;
+	int inext = 0;
+	asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t key;
+	const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *kf;
+
+	if(!sptr) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	if(!specs) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	if(constraints) ct = &constraints->value;
+	else if(td->per_constraints) ct = &td->per_constraints->value;
+	else _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;	/* Mandatory! */
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %s as NativeEnumerated", td->name);
+
+	er.encoded = 0;
+
+	native = *(long *)sptr;
+	if(native < 0) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	key.nat_value = native;
+	kf = bsearch(&key, specs->value2enum, specs->map_count,
+		sizeof(key), NativeEnumerated__compar_value2enum);
+	if(!kf) {
+		ASN_DEBUG("No element corresponds to %ld", native);
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	}
+	value = kf - specs->value2enum;
+
+	if(ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+		int cmpWith = specs->extension
+				? specs->extension - 1 : specs->map_count;
+		if(value >= cmpWith)
+			inext = 1;
+	}
+	if(ct->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE) {
+		if(per_put_few_bits(po, inext, 1))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		if(inext) ct = 0;
+	} else if(inext) {
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	if(ct && ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+		if(per_put_few_bits(po, value, ct->range_bits))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+	}
+
+	if(!specs->extension)
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	/*
+	 * X.691, #10.6: normally small non-negative whole number;
+	 */
+	ASN_DEBUG("value = %ld, ext = %d, inext = %d, res = %ld",
+		value, specs->extension, inext,
+		value - (inext ? (specs->extension - 1) : 0));
+	if(uper_put_nsnnwn(po, value - (inext ? (specs->extension - 1) : 0)))
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+NativeEnumerated_encode_aper(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+        asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_per_outp_t *po) {
+        asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs = (asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+        asn_enc_rval_t er;
+        long native, value;
+        asn_per_constraint_t *ct;
+        int inext = 0;
+        asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t key;
+        asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *kf;
+
+        if(!sptr) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+        if(!specs) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+        if(constraints) ct = &constraints->value;
+        else if(td->per_constraints) ct = &td->per_constraints->value;
+        else _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;        /* Mandatory! */
+
+        ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %s as NativeEnumerated", td->name);
+
+        er.encoded = 0;
+
+        native = *(long *)sptr;
+        if(native < 0) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+        key.nat_value = native;
+        kf = bsearch(&key, specs->value2enum, specs->map_count,
+                sizeof(key), NativeEnumerated__compar_value2enum);
+        if(!kf) {
+                ASN_DEBUG("No element corresponds to %ld", native);
+                _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+        }
+        value = kf - specs->value2enum;
+
+        if(ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+                int cmpWith = specs->extension
+                                ? specs->extension - 1 : specs->map_count;
+                if(value >= cmpWith)
+                        inext = 1;
+        }
+        if(ct->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE) {
+                if(per_put_few_bits(po, inext, 1))
+                        _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+                if(inext) ct = 0;
+        } else if(inext) {
+                _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+        }
+
+        if(ct && ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+                if(per_put_few_bits(po, value, ct->range_bits))
+                        _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+                _ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+        }
+
+        if(!specs->extension)
+                _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+        /*
+         * X.691, #10.6: normally small non-negative whole number;
+         */
+        ASN_DEBUG("value = %ld, ext = %d, inext = %d, res = %ld",
+                value, specs->extension, inext,
+                value - (inext ? (specs->extension - 1) : 0));
+        if(uper_put_nsnnwn(po, value - (inext ? (specs->extension - 1) : 0)))
+                _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+        _ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+}
+
+int
+NativeEnumerated_print(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr, int ilevel,
+	asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs=(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	const long *native = (const long *)sptr;
+	char scratch[256];
+	int ret;
+
+	(void)td;	/* Unused argument */
+	(void)ilevel;	/* Unused argument */
+
+	if(native) {
+		const asn_INTEGER_enum_map_t *map = INTEGER_map_value2enum(specs, *native);
+		if (map && map->enum_len && map->enum_name) {
+			ret = snprintf(scratch, sizeof(scratch),
+				"%s", map->enum_name);
+		} else {
+			ret = snprintf(scratch, sizeof(scratch),
+				(specs && specs->field_unsigned)
+				? "%lu" : "%ld", *native);
+		}
+		assert(ret > 0 && (size_t)ret < sizeof(scratch));
+		return (cb(scratch, ret, app_key) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
+	} else {
+		return (cb("<absent>", 8, app_key) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/rspro/NativeInteger.c b/src/rspro/NativeInteger.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef17bee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/NativeInteger.c
@@ -0,0 +1,396 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2004, 2005, 2006 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+/*
+ * Read the NativeInteger.h for the explanation wrt. differences between
+ * INTEGER and NativeInteger.
+ * Basically, both are decoders and encoders of ASN.1 INTEGER type, but this
+ * implementation deals with the standard (machine-specific) representation
+ * of them instead of using the platform-independent buffer.
+ */
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+#include <NativeInteger.h>
+
+/*
+ * NativeInteger basic type description.
+ */
+static const ber_tlv_tag_t asn_DEF_NativeInteger_tags[] = {
+	(ASN_TAG_CLASS_UNIVERSAL | (2 << 2))
+};
+asn_TYPE_descriptor_t asn_DEF_NativeInteger = {
+	"INTEGER",			/* The ASN.1 type is still INTEGER */
+	"INTEGER",
+	NativeInteger_free,
+	NativeInteger_print,
+	asn_generic_no_constraint,
+	NativeInteger_decode_ber,
+	NativeInteger_encode_der,
+	NativeInteger_decode_xer,
+	NativeInteger_encode_xer,
+	NativeInteger_decode_uper,	/* Unaligned PER decoder */
+	NativeInteger_encode_uper,	/* Unaligned PER encoder */
+	NativeInteger_decode_aper,	/* Aligned PER decoder */
+	NativeInteger_encode_aper,	/* Aligned PER encoder */
+	0, /* Use generic outmost tag fetcher */
+	asn_DEF_NativeInteger_tags,
+	sizeof(asn_DEF_NativeInteger_tags) / sizeof(asn_DEF_NativeInteger_tags[0]),
+	asn_DEF_NativeInteger_tags,	/* Same as above */
+	sizeof(asn_DEF_NativeInteger_tags) / sizeof(asn_DEF_NativeInteger_tags[0]),
+	0,	/* No PER visible constraints */
+	0, 0,	/* No members */
+	0	/* No specifics */
+};
+
+/*
+ * Decode INTEGER type.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t
+NativeInteger_decode_ber(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	void **nint_ptr, const void *buf_ptr, size_t size, int tag_mode) {
+	asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs=(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	long *native = (long *)*nint_ptr;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval;
+	ber_tlv_len_t length;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the structure is not there, allocate it.
+	 */
+	if(native == NULL) {
+		native = (long *)(*nint_ptr = CALLOC(1, sizeof(*native)));
+		if(native == NULL) {
+			rval.code = RC_FAIL;
+			rval.consumed = 0;
+			return rval;
+		}
+	}
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Decoding %s as INTEGER (tm=%d)",
+		td->name, tag_mode);
+
+	/*
+	 * Check tags.
+	 */
+	rval = ber_check_tags(opt_codec_ctx, td, 0, buf_ptr, size,
+			tag_mode, 0, &length, 0);
+	if(rval.code != RC_OK)
+		return rval;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("%s length is %d bytes", td->name, (int)length);
+
+	/*
+	 * Make sure we have this length.
+	 */
+	buf_ptr = ((const char *)buf_ptr) + rval.consumed;
+	size -= rval.consumed;
+	if(length > (ber_tlv_len_t)size) {
+		rval.code = RC_WMORE;
+		rval.consumed = 0;
+		return rval;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * ASN.1 encoded INTEGER: buf_ptr, length
+	 * Fill the native, at the same time checking for overflow.
+	 * If overflow occured, return with RC_FAIL.
+	 */
+	{
+		INTEGER_t tmp;
+		union {
+			const void *constbuf;
+			void *nonconstbuf;
+		} unconst_buf;
+		long l;
+
+		unconst_buf.constbuf = buf_ptr;
+		tmp.buf = (uint8_t *)unconst_buf.nonconstbuf;
+		tmp.size = length;
+
+		if((specs&&specs->field_unsigned)
+			? asn_INTEGER2ulong(&tmp, (unsigned long *)&l) /* sic */
+			: asn_INTEGER2long(&tmp, &l)) {
+			rval.code = RC_FAIL;
+			rval.consumed = 0;
+			return rval;
+		}
+
+		*native = l;
+	}
+
+	rval.code = RC_OK;
+	rval.consumed += length;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Took %ld/%ld bytes to encode %s (%ld)",
+		(long)rval.consumed, (long)length, td->name, (long)*native);
+
+	return rval;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Encode the NativeInteger using the standard INTEGER type DER encoder.
+ */
+asn_enc_rval_t
+NativeInteger_encode_der(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *sd, void *ptr,
+	int tag_mode, ber_tlv_tag_t tag,
+	asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	unsigned long native = *(unsigned long *)ptr;	/* Disable sign ext. */
+	asn_enc_rval_t erval;
+	INTEGER_t tmp;
+
+#ifdef	WORDS_BIGENDIAN		/* Opportunistic optimization */
+
+	tmp.buf = (uint8_t *)&native;
+	tmp.size = sizeof(native);
+
+#else	/* Works even if WORDS_BIGENDIAN is not set where should've been */
+	uint8_t buf[sizeof(native)];
+	uint8_t *p;
+
+	/* Prepare a fake INTEGER */
+	for(p = buf + sizeof(buf) - 1; p >= buf; p--, native >>= 8)
+		*p = (uint8_t)native;
+
+	tmp.buf = buf;
+	tmp.size = sizeof(buf);
+#endif	/* WORDS_BIGENDIAN */
+	
+	/* Encode fake INTEGER */
+	erval = INTEGER_encode_der(sd, &tmp, tag_mode, tag, cb, app_key);
+	if(erval.encoded == -1) {
+		assert(erval.structure_ptr == &tmp);
+		erval.structure_ptr = ptr;
+	}
+	return erval;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Decode the chunk of XML text encoding INTEGER.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t
+NativeInteger_decode_xer(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void **sptr, const char *opt_mname,
+		const void *buf_ptr, size_t size) {
+	asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs=(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval;
+	INTEGER_t st;
+	void *st_ptr = (void *)&st;
+	long *native = (long *)*sptr;
+
+	if(!native) {
+		native = (long *)(*sptr = CALLOC(1, sizeof(*native)));
+		if(!native) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	memset(&st, 0, sizeof(st));
+	rval = INTEGER_decode_xer(opt_codec_ctx, td, &st_ptr, 
+		opt_mname, buf_ptr, size);
+	if(rval.code == RC_OK) {
+		long l;
+		if((specs&&specs->field_unsigned)
+			? asn_INTEGER2ulong(&st, (unsigned long *)&l) /* sic */
+			: asn_INTEGER2long(&st, &l)) {
+			rval.code = RC_FAIL;
+			rval.consumed = 0;
+		} else {
+			*native = l;
+		}
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * Cannot restart from the middle;
+		 * there is no place to save state in the native type.
+		 * Request a continuation from the very beginning.
+		 */
+		rval.consumed = 0;
+	}
+	ASN_STRUCT_FREE_CONTENTS_ONLY(asn_DEF_INTEGER, &st);
+	return rval;
+}
+
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+NativeInteger_encode_xer(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
+	int ilevel, enum xer_encoder_flags_e flags,
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs=(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	char scratch[32];	/* Enough for 64-bit int */
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+	const long *native = (const long *)sptr;
+
+	(void)ilevel;
+	(void)flags;
+
+	if(!native) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	er.encoded = snprintf(scratch, sizeof(scratch),
+			(specs && specs->field_unsigned)
+			? "%lu" : "%ld", *native);
+	if(er.encoded <= 0 || (size_t)er.encoded >= sizeof(scratch)
+		|| cb(scratch, er.encoded, app_key) < 0)
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+}
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+NativeInteger_decode_uper(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+
+	asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs=(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval;
+	long *native = (long *)*sptr;
+	INTEGER_t tmpint;
+	void *tmpintptr = &tmpint;
+
+	(void)opt_codec_ctx;
+	ASN_DEBUG("Decoding NativeInteger %s (UPER)", td->name);
+
+	if(!native) {
+		native = (long *)(*sptr = CALLOC(1, sizeof(*native)));
+		if(!native) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	memset(&tmpint, 0, sizeof tmpint);
+	rval = INTEGER_decode_uper(opt_codec_ctx, td, constraints,
+				   &tmpintptr, pd);
+	if(rval.code == RC_OK) {
+		if((specs&&specs->field_unsigned)
+			? asn_INTEGER2ulong(&tmpint, (unsigned long *)native)
+			: asn_INTEGER2long(&tmpint, native))
+			rval.code = RC_FAIL;
+		else
+			ASN_DEBUG("NativeInteger %s got value %ld",
+				td->name, *native);
+	}
+	ASN_STRUCT_FREE_CONTENTS_ONLY(asn_DEF_INTEGER, &tmpint);
+
+	return rval;
+}
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+NativeInteger_decode_aper(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+
+	asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs=(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval;
+	long *native = (long *)*sptr;
+	INTEGER_t tmpint;
+	void *tmpintptr = &tmpint;
+
+	(void)opt_codec_ctx;
+	ASN_DEBUG("Decoding NativeInteger %s (APER)", td->name);
+
+	if(!native) {
+		native = (long *)(*sptr = CALLOC(1, sizeof(*native)));
+		if(!native) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	memset(&tmpint, 0, sizeof tmpint);
+	rval = INTEGER_decode_aper(opt_codec_ctx, td, constraints,
+				   &tmpintptr, pd);
+	if(rval.code == RC_OK) {
+		if((specs&&specs->field_unsigned)
+			? asn_INTEGER2ulong(&tmpint, (unsigned long *)native)
+			: asn_INTEGER2long(&tmpint, native))
+			rval.code = RC_FAIL;
+		else
+			ASN_DEBUG("NativeInteger %s got value %ld",
+				td->name, *native);
+	}
+	ASN_STRUCT_FREE_CONTENTS_ONLY(asn_DEF_INTEGER, &tmpint);
+
+	return rval;
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+NativeInteger_encode_uper(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_per_outp_t *po) {
+	asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs=(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+	long native;
+	INTEGER_t tmpint;
+
+	if(!sptr) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	native = *(long *)sptr;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Encoding NativeInteger %s %ld (UPER)", td->name, native);
+
+	memset(&tmpint, 0, sizeof(tmpint));
+	if((specs&&specs->field_unsigned)
+		? asn_ulong2INTEGER(&tmpint, native)
+		: asn_long2INTEGER(&tmpint, native))
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	er = INTEGER_encode_uper(td, constraints, &tmpint, po);
+	ASN_STRUCT_FREE_CONTENTS_ONLY(asn_DEF_INTEGER, &tmpint);
+	return er;
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+NativeInteger_encode_aper(
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_per_outp_t *po) {
+
+	asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs=(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+	long native;
+	INTEGER_t tmpint;
+
+	if(!sptr) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	native = *(long *)sptr;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Encoding NativeInteger %s %ld (APER)", td->name, native);
+
+	memset(&tmpint, 0, sizeof(tmpint));
+	if((specs&&specs->field_unsigned)
+		? asn_ulong2INTEGER(&tmpint, native)
+		: asn_long2INTEGER(&tmpint, native))
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	er = INTEGER_encode_aper(td, constraints, &tmpint, po);
+	ASN_STRUCT_FREE_CONTENTS_ONLY(asn_DEF_INTEGER, &tmpint);
+	return er;
+}
+
+/*
+ * INTEGER specific human-readable output.
+ */
+int
+NativeInteger_print(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr, int ilevel,
+	asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *specs=(asn_INTEGER_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	const long *native = (const long *)sptr;
+	char scratch[32];	/* Enough for 64-bit int */
+	int ret;
+
+	(void)td;	/* Unused argument */
+	(void)ilevel;	/* Unused argument */
+
+	if(native) {
+		ret = snprintf(scratch, sizeof(scratch),
+			(specs && specs->field_unsigned)
+			? "%lu" : "%ld", *native);
+		assert(ret > 0 && (size_t)ret < sizeof(scratch));
+		return (cb(scratch, ret, app_key) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
+	} else {
+		return (cb("<absent>", 8, app_key) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
+	}
+}
+
+void
+NativeInteger_free(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *ptr, int contents_only) {
+
+	if(!td || !ptr)
+		return;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Freeing %s as INTEGER (%d, %p, Native)",
+		td->name, contents_only, ptr);
+
+	if(!contents_only) {
+		FREEMEM(ptr);
+	}
+}
+
diff --git a/src/rspro/OCTET_STRING.c b/src/rspro/OCTET_STRING.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e424e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/OCTET_STRING.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2162 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+#include <OCTET_STRING.h>
+#include <BIT_STRING.h>	/* for .bits_unused member */
+#include <errno.h>
+
+/*
+ * OCTET STRING basic type description.
+ */
+static const ber_tlv_tag_t asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_tags[] = {
+	(ASN_TAG_CLASS_UNIVERSAL | (4 << 2))
+};
+static const asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_specs = {
+	sizeof(OCTET_STRING_t),
+	offsetof(OCTET_STRING_t, _asn_ctx),
+	ASN_OSUBV_STR
+};
+static const asn_per_constraints_t asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints = {
+	{ APC_CONSTRAINED, 8, 8, 0, 255 },
+	{ APC_SEMI_CONSTRAINED, -1, -1, 0, 0 },
+	0, 0
+};
+asn_TYPE_descriptor_t asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING = {
+	"OCTET STRING",		/* Canonical name */
+	"OCTET_STRING",		/* XML tag name */
+	OCTET_STRING_free,
+	OCTET_STRING_print,	/* non-ascii stuff, generally */
+	asn_generic_no_constraint,
+	OCTET_STRING_decode_ber,
+	OCTET_STRING_encode_der,
+	OCTET_STRING_decode_xer_hex,
+	OCTET_STRING_encode_xer,
+	OCTET_STRING_decode_uper,	/* Unaligned PER decoder */
+	OCTET_STRING_encode_uper,	/* Unaligned PER encoder */
+	OCTET_STRING_decode_aper,	/* Aligned PER decoder */
+	OCTET_STRING_encode_aper,	/* Aligned PER encoder */
+	0, /* Use generic outmost tag fetcher */
+	asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_tags,
+	sizeof(asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_tags)
+	  / sizeof(asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_tags[0]),
+	asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_tags,	/* Same as above */
+	sizeof(asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_tags)
+	  / sizeof(asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_tags[0]),
+	0,	/* No PER visible constraints */
+	0, 0,	/* No members */
+	&asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_specs
+};
+
+#undef	_CH_PHASE
+#undef	NEXT_PHASE
+#undef	PREV_PHASE
+#define	_CH_PHASE(ctx, inc) do {					\
+		if(ctx->phase == 0)					\
+			ctx->context = 0;				\
+		ctx->phase += inc;					\
+	} while(0)
+#define	NEXT_PHASE(ctx)	_CH_PHASE(ctx, +1)
+#define	PREV_PHASE(ctx)	_CH_PHASE(ctx, -1)
+
+#undef	ADVANCE
+#define	ADVANCE(num_bytes)	do {					\
+		size_t num = (num_bytes);				\
+		buf_ptr = ((const char *)buf_ptr) + num;		\
+		size -= num;						\
+		consumed_myself += num;					\
+	} while(0)
+
+#undef	RETURN
+#define	RETURN(_code)	do {						\
+		asn_dec_rval_t tmprval;					\
+		tmprval.code = _code;					\
+		tmprval.consumed = consumed_myself;			\
+		return tmprval;						\
+	} while(0)
+
+#undef	APPEND
+#define	APPEND(bufptr, bufsize)	do {					\
+		size_t _bs = (bufsize);		/* Append size */	\
+		size_t _ns = ctx->context;	/* Allocated now */	\
+		size_t _es = st->size + _bs;	/* Expected size */	\
+		/* int is really a typeof(st->size): */			\
+		if((int)_es < 0) RETURN(RC_FAIL);			\
+		if(_ns <= _es) {					\
+			void *ptr;					\
+			/* Be nice and round to the memory allocator */	\
+			do { _ns = _ns ? _ns << 1 : 16; }		\
+			    while(_ns <= _es);				\
+			/* int is really a typeof(st->size): */		\
+			if((int)_ns < 0) RETURN(RC_FAIL);		\
+			ptr = REALLOC(st->buf, _ns);			\
+			if(ptr) {					\
+				st->buf = (uint8_t *)ptr;		\
+				ctx->context = _ns;			\
+			} else {					\
+				RETURN(RC_FAIL);			\
+			}						\
+			ASN_DEBUG("Reallocating into %ld", (long)_ns);	\
+		}							\
+		memcpy(st->buf + st->size, bufptr, _bs);		\
+		/* Convenient nul-termination */			\
+		st->buf[_es] = '\0';					\
+		st->size = _es;						\
+	} while(0)
+
+/*
+ * The main reason why ASN.1 is still alive is that too much time and effort
+ * is necessary for learning it more or less adequately, thus creating a gut
+ * necessity to demonstrate that aquired skill everywhere afterwards.
+ * No, I am not going to explain what the following stuff is.
+ */
+struct _stack_el {
+	ber_tlv_len_t	left;	/* What's left to read (or -1) */
+	ber_tlv_len_t	got;	/* What was actually processed */
+	int	cont_level;	/* Depth of subcontainment */
+	int	want_nulls;	/* Want null "end of content" octets? */
+	int	bits_chopped;	/* Flag in BIT STRING mode */
+	ber_tlv_tag_t	tag;	/* For debugging purposes */
+	struct _stack_el *prev;
+	struct _stack_el *next;
+};
+struct _stack {
+	struct _stack_el *tail;
+	struct _stack_el *cur_ptr;
+};
+
+static struct _stack_el *
+OS__add_stack_el(struct _stack *st) {
+	struct _stack_el *nel;
+
+	/*
+	 * Reuse the old stack frame or allocate a new one.
+	 */
+	if(st->cur_ptr && st->cur_ptr->next) {
+		nel = st->cur_ptr->next;
+		nel->bits_chopped = 0;
+		nel->got = 0;
+		/* Retain the nel->cont_level, it's correct. */
+	} else {
+		nel = (struct _stack_el *)CALLOC(1, sizeof(struct _stack_el));
+		if(nel == NULL)
+			return NULL;
+	
+		if(st->tail) {
+			/* Increase a subcontainment depth */
+			nel->cont_level = st->tail->cont_level + 1;
+			st->tail->next = nel;
+		}
+		nel->prev = st->tail;
+		st->tail = nel;
+	}
+
+	st->cur_ptr = nel;
+
+	return nel;
+}
+
+static struct _stack *
+_new_stack() {
+	return (struct _stack *)CALLOC(1, sizeof(struct _stack));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Decode OCTET STRING type.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t
+OCTET_STRING_decode_ber(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	void **sptr, const void *buf_ptr, size_t size, int tag_mode) {
+	asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *specs = td->specifics
+				? (asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *)td->specifics
+				: &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_specs;
+	BIT_STRING_t *st = (BIT_STRING_t *)*sptr;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval;
+	asn_struct_ctx_t *ctx;
+	ssize_t consumed_myself = 0;
+	struct _stack *stck;		/* Expectations stack structure */
+	struct _stack_el *sel = 0;	/* Stack element */
+	int tlv_constr;
+	enum asn_OS_Subvariant type_variant = specs->subvariant;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Decoding %s as %s (frame %ld)",
+		td->name,
+		(type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_STR) ?
+			"OCTET STRING" : "OS-SpecialCase",
+		(long)size);
+
+	/*
+	 * Create the string if does not exist.
+	 */
+	if(st == NULL) {
+		st = (BIT_STRING_t *)(*sptr = CALLOC(1, specs->struct_size));
+		if(st == NULL) RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+	}
+
+	/* Restore parsing context */
+	ctx = (asn_struct_ctx_t *)((char *)st + specs->ctx_offset);
+
+	switch(ctx->phase) {
+	case 0:
+		/*
+		 * Check tags.
+		 */
+		rval = ber_check_tags(opt_codec_ctx, td, ctx,
+			buf_ptr, size, tag_mode, -1,
+			&ctx->left, &tlv_constr);
+		if(rval.code != RC_OK)
+			return rval;
+
+		if(tlv_constr) {
+			/*
+			 * Complex operation, requires stack of expectations.
+			 */
+			ctx->ptr = _new_stack();
+			if(ctx->ptr) {
+				stck = (struct _stack *)ctx->ptr;
+			} else {
+				RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+			}
+		} else {
+			/*
+			 * Jump into stackless primitive decoding.
+			 */
+			_CH_PHASE(ctx, 3);
+			if(type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_ANY && tag_mode != 1)
+				APPEND(buf_ptr, rval.consumed);
+			ADVANCE(rval.consumed);
+			goto phase3;
+		}
+
+		NEXT_PHASE(ctx);
+		/* Fall through */
+	case 1:
+	phase1:
+		/*
+		 * Fill the stack with expectations.
+		 */
+		stck = (struct _stack *)ctx->ptr;
+		sel = stck->cur_ptr;
+	  do {
+		ber_tlv_tag_t tlv_tag;
+		ber_tlv_len_t tlv_len;
+		ber_tlv_tag_t expected_tag;
+		ssize_t tl, ll, tlvl;
+				/* This one works even if (sel->left == -1) */
+		ssize_t Left = ((!sel||(size_t)sel->left >= size)
+					?(ssize_t)size:sel->left);
+
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("%p, s->l=%ld, s->wn=%ld, s->g=%ld\n", sel,
+			(long)(sel?sel->left:0),
+			(long)(sel?sel->want_nulls:0),
+			(long)(sel?sel->got:0)
+		);
+		if(sel && sel->left <= 0 && sel->want_nulls == 0) {
+			if(sel->prev) {
+				struct _stack_el *prev = sel->prev;
+				if(prev->left != -1) {
+					if(prev->left < sel->got)
+						RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+					prev->left -= sel->got;
+				}
+				prev->got += sel->got;
+				sel = stck->cur_ptr = prev;
+				if(!sel) break;
+				tlv_constr = 1;
+				continue;
+			} else {
+				sel = stck->cur_ptr = 0;
+				break;	/* Nothing to wait */
+			}
+		}
+
+		tl = ber_fetch_tag(buf_ptr, Left, &tlv_tag);
+		ASN_DEBUG("fetch tag(size=%ld,L=%ld), %sstack, left=%ld, wn=%ld, tl=%ld",
+			(long)size, (long)Left, sel?"":"!",
+			(long)(sel?sel->left:0),
+			(long)(sel?sel->want_nulls:0),
+			(long)tl);
+		switch(tl) {
+		case -1: RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		case 0: RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+		}
+
+		tlv_constr = BER_TLV_CONSTRUCTED(buf_ptr);
+
+		ll = ber_fetch_length(tlv_constr,
+				(const char *)buf_ptr + tl,Left - tl,&tlv_len);
+		ASN_DEBUG("Got tag=%s, tc=%d, left=%ld, tl=%ld, len=%ld, ll=%ld",
+			ber_tlv_tag_string(tlv_tag), tlv_constr,
+				(long)Left, (long)tl, (long)tlv_len, (long)ll);
+		switch(ll) {
+		case -1: RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		case 0: RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+		}
+
+		if(sel && sel->want_nulls
+			&& ((const uint8_t *)buf_ptr)[0] == 0
+			&& ((const uint8_t *)buf_ptr)[1] == 0)
+		{
+
+			ASN_DEBUG("Eat EOC; wn=%d--", sel->want_nulls);
+
+			if(type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_ANY
+			&& (tag_mode != 1 || sel->cont_level))
+				APPEND("\0\0", 2);
+
+			ADVANCE(2);
+			sel->got += 2;
+			if(sel->left != -1) {
+				sel->left -= 2;	/* assert(sel->left >= 2) */
+			}
+
+			sel->want_nulls--;
+			if(sel->want_nulls == 0) {
+				/* Move to the next expectation */
+				sel->left = 0;
+				tlv_constr = 1;
+			}
+
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Set up expected tags,
+		 * depending on ASN.1 type being decoded.
+		 */
+		switch(type_variant) {
+		case ASN_OSUBV_BIT:
+			/* X.690: 8.6.4.1, NOTE 2 */
+			/* Fall through */
+		case ASN_OSUBV_STR:
+		default:
+			if(sel) {
+				int level = sel->cont_level;
+				if(level < td->all_tags_count) {
+					expected_tag = td->all_tags[level];
+					break;
+				} else if(td->all_tags_count) {
+					expected_tag = td->all_tags
+						[td->all_tags_count - 1];
+					break;
+				}
+				/* else, Fall through */
+			}
+			/* Fall through */
+		case ASN_OSUBV_ANY:
+			expected_tag = tlv_tag;
+			break;
+		}
+
+
+		if(tlv_tag != expected_tag) {
+			char buf[2][32];
+			ber_tlv_tag_snprint(tlv_tag,
+				buf[0], sizeof(buf[0]));
+			ber_tlv_tag_snprint(td->tags[td->tags_count-1],
+				buf[1], sizeof(buf[1]));
+			ASN_DEBUG("Tag does not match expectation: %s != %s",
+				buf[0], buf[1]);
+			RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		}
+
+		tlvl = tl + ll;	/* Combined length of T and L encoding */
+		if((tlv_len + tlvl) < 0) {
+			/* tlv_len value is too big */
+			ASN_DEBUG("TLV encoding + length (%ld) is too big",
+				(long)tlv_len);
+			RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Append a new expectation.
+		 */
+		sel = OS__add_stack_el(stck);
+		if(!sel) RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+
+		sel->tag = tlv_tag;
+
+		sel->want_nulls = (tlv_len==-1);
+		if(sel->prev && sel->prev->left != -1) {
+			/* Check that the parent frame is big enough */
+			if(sel->prev->left < tlvl + (tlv_len==-1?0:tlv_len))
+				RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+			if(tlv_len == -1)
+				sel->left = sel->prev->left - tlvl;
+			else
+				sel->left = tlv_len;
+		} else {
+			sel->left = tlv_len;
+		}
+		if(type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_ANY
+		&& (tag_mode != 1 || sel->cont_level))
+			APPEND(buf_ptr, tlvl);
+		sel->got += tlvl;
+		ADVANCE(tlvl);
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("+EXPECT2 got=%ld left=%ld, wn=%d, clvl=%d",
+			(long)sel->got, (long)sel->left,
+			sel->want_nulls, sel->cont_level);
+
+	  } while(tlv_constr);
+		if(sel == NULL) {
+			/* Finished operation, "phase out" */
+			ASN_DEBUG("Phase out");
+			_CH_PHASE(ctx, +3);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		NEXT_PHASE(ctx);
+		/* Fall through */
+	case 2:
+		stck = (struct _stack *)ctx->ptr;
+		sel = stck->cur_ptr;
+		ASN_DEBUG("Phase 2: Need %ld bytes, size=%ld, alrg=%ld, wn=%d",
+			(long)sel->left, (long)size, (long)sel->got,
+				sel->want_nulls);
+	    {
+		ber_tlv_len_t len;
+
+		assert(sel->left >= 0);
+
+		len = ((ber_tlv_len_t)size < sel->left)
+				? (ber_tlv_len_t)size : sel->left;
+		if(len > 0) {
+			if(type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_BIT
+			&& sel->bits_chopped == 0) {
+				/* Put the unused-bits-octet away */
+				st->bits_unused = *(const uint8_t *)buf_ptr;
+				APPEND(((const char *)buf_ptr+1), (len - 1));
+				sel->bits_chopped = 1;
+			} else {
+				APPEND(buf_ptr, len);
+			}
+			ADVANCE(len);
+			sel->left -= len;
+			sel->got += len;
+		}
+
+		if(sel->left) {
+			ASN_DEBUG("OS left %ld, size = %ld, wn=%d\n",
+				(long)sel->left, (long)size, sel->want_nulls);
+			RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+		}
+
+		PREV_PHASE(ctx);
+		goto phase1;
+	    }
+		break;
+	case 3:
+	phase3:
+		/*
+		 * Primitive form, no stack required.
+		 */
+		assert(ctx->left >= 0);
+
+		if(size < (size_t)ctx->left) {
+			if(!size) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+			if(type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_BIT && !ctx->context) {
+				st->bits_unused = *(const uint8_t *)buf_ptr;
+				ctx->left--;
+				ADVANCE(1);
+			}
+			APPEND(buf_ptr, size);
+			assert(ctx->context > 0);
+			ctx->left -= size;
+			ADVANCE(size);
+			RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+		} else {
+			if(type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_BIT
+			&& !ctx->context && ctx->left) {
+				st->bits_unused = *(const uint8_t *)buf_ptr;
+				ctx->left--;
+				ADVANCE(1);
+			}
+			APPEND(buf_ptr, ctx->left);
+			ADVANCE(ctx->left);
+			ctx->left = 0;
+
+			NEXT_PHASE(ctx);
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+
+	if(sel) {
+		ASN_DEBUG("3sel p=%p, wn=%d, l=%ld, g=%ld, size=%ld",
+			sel->prev, sel->want_nulls,
+			(long)sel->left, (long)sel->got, (long)size);
+		if(sel->prev || sel->want_nulls > 1 || sel->left > 0) {
+			RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * BIT STRING-specific processing.
+	 */
+	if(type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_BIT && st->size) {
+		/* Finalize BIT STRING: zero out unused bits. */
+		st->buf[st->size-1] &= 0xff << st->bits_unused;
+	}
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Took %ld bytes to encode %s: [%s]:%ld",
+		(long)consumed_myself, td->name,
+		(type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_STR) ? (char *)st->buf : "<data>",
+		(long)st->size);
+
+
+	RETURN(RC_OK);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Encode OCTET STRING type using DER.
+ */
+asn_enc_rval_t
+OCTET_STRING_encode_der(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
+	int tag_mode, ber_tlv_tag_t tag,
+	asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+	asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *specs = td->specifics
+				? (asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *)td->specifics
+				: &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_specs;
+	BIT_STRING_t *st = (BIT_STRING_t *)sptr;
+	enum asn_OS_Subvariant type_variant = specs->subvariant;
+	int fix_last_byte = 0;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("%s %s as OCTET STRING",
+		cb?"Estimating":"Encoding", td->name);
+
+	/*
+	 * Write tags.
+	 */
+	if(type_variant != ASN_OSUBV_ANY || tag_mode == 1) {
+		er.encoded = der_write_tags(td,
+				(type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_BIT) + st->size,
+			tag_mode, type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_ANY, tag,
+			cb, app_key);
+		if(er.encoded == -1) {
+			er.failed_type = td;
+			er.structure_ptr = sptr;
+			return er;
+		}
+	} else {
+		/* Disallow: [<tag>] IMPLICIT ANY */
+		assert(type_variant != ASN_OSUBV_ANY || tag_mode != -1);
+		er.encoded = 0;
+	}
+
+	if(!cb) {
+		er.encoded += (type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_BIT) + st->size;
+		_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Prepare to deal with the last octet of BIT STRING.
+	 */
+	if(type_variant == ASN_OSUBV_BIT) {
+		uint8_t b = st->bits_unused & 0x07;
+		if(b && st->size) fix_last_byte = 1;
+		_ASN_CALLBACK(&b, 1);
+		er.encoded++;
+	}
+
+	/* Invoke callback for the main part of the buffer */
+	_ASN_CALLBACK(st->buf, st->size - fix_last_byte);
+
+	/* The last octet should be stripped off the unused bits */
+	if(fix_last_byte) {
+		uint8_t b = st->buf[st->size-1] & (0xff << st->bits_unused);
+		_ASN_CALLBACK(&b, 1);
+	}
+
+	er.encoded += st->size;
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+cb_failed:
+	_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+OCTET_STRING_encode_xer(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
+	int ilevel, enum xer_encoder_flags_e flags,
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	const char * const h2c = "0123456789ABCDEF";
+	const OCTET_STRING_t *st = (const OCTET_STRING_t *)sptr;
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+	char scratch[16 * 3 + 4];
+	char *p = scratch;
+	uint8_t *buf;
+	uint8_t *end;
+	size_t i;
+
+	if(!st || (!st->buf && st->size))
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	er.encoded = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Dump the contents of the buffer in hexadecimal.
+	 */
+	buf = st->buf;
+	end = buf + st->size;
+	if(flags & XER_F_CANONICAL) {
+		char *scend = scratch + (sizeof(scratch) - 2);
+		for(; buf < end; buf++) {
+			if(p >= scend) {
+				_ASN_CALLBACK(scratch, p - scratch);
+				er.encoded += p - scratch;
+				p = scratch;
+			}
+			*p++ = h2c[(*buf >> 4) & 0x0F];
+			*p++ = h2c[*buf & 0x0F];
+		}
+
+		_ASN_CALLBACK(scratch, p-scratch);	/* Dump the rest */
+		er.encoded += p - scratch;
+	} else {
+		for(i = 0; buf < end; buf++, i++) {
+			if(!(i % 16) && (i || st->size > 16)) {
+				_ASN_CALLBACK(scratch, p-scratch);
+				er.encoded += (p-scratch);
+				p = scratch;
+				_i_ASN_TEXT_INDENT(1, ilevel);
+			}
+			*p++ = h2c[(*buf >> 4) & 0x0F];
+			*p++ = h2c[*buf & 0x0F];
+			*p++ = 0x20;
+		}
+		if(p - scratch) {
+			p--;	/* Remove the tail space */
+			_ASN_CALLBACK(scratch, p-scratch); /* Dump the rest */
+			er.encoded += p - scratch;
+			if(st->size > 16)
+				_i_ASN_TEXT_INDENT(1, ilevel-1);
+		}
+	}
+
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+cb_failed:
+	_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+}
+
+static const struct OCTET_STRING__xer_escape_table_s {
+	const char *string;
+	int size;
+} OCTET_STRING__xer_escape_table[] = {
+#define	OSXET(s)	{ s, sizeof(s) - 1 }
+	OSXET("\074\156\165\154\057\076"),	/* <nul/> */
+	OSXET("\074\163\157\150\057\076"),	/* <soh/> */
+	OSXET("\074\163\164\170\057\076"),	/* <stx/> */
+	OSXET("\074\145\164\170\057\076"),	/* <etx/> */
+	OSXET("\074\145\157\164\057\076"),	/* <eot/> */
+	OSXET("\074\145\156\161\057\076"),	/* <enq/> */
+	OSXET("\074\141\143\153\057\076"),	/* <ack/> */
+	OSXET("\074\142\145\154\057\076"),	/* <bel/> */
+	OSXET("\074\142\163\057\076"),		/* <bs/> */
+	OSXET("\011"),				/* \t */
+	OSXET("\012"),				/* \n */
+	OSXET("\074\166\164\057\076"),		/* <vt/> */
+	OSXET("\074\146\146\057\076"),		/* <ff/> */
+	OSXET("\015"),				/* \r */
+	OSXET("\074\163\157\057\076"),		/* <so/> */
+	OSXET("\074\163\151\057\076"),		/* <si/> */
+	OSXET("\074\144\154\145\057\076"),	/* <dle/> */
+	OSXET("\074\144\143\061\057\076"),	/* <de1/> */
+	OSXET("\074\144\143\062\057\076"),	/* <de2/> */
+	OSXET("\074\144\143\063\057\076"),	/* <de3/> */
+	OSXET("\074\144\143\064\057\076"),	/* <de4/> */
+	OSXET("\074\156\141\153\057\076"),	/* <nak/> */
+	OSXET("\074\163\171\156\057\076"),	/* <syn/> */
+	OSXET("\074\145\164\142\057\076"),	/* <etb/> */
+	OSXET("\074\143\141\156\057\076"),	/* <can/> */
+	OSXET("\074\145\155\057\076"),		/* <em/> */
+	OSXET("\074\163\165\142\057\076"),	/* <sub/> */
+	OSXET("\074\145\163\143\057\076"),	/* <esc/> */
+	OSXET("\074\151\163\064\057\076"),	/* <is4/> */
+	OSXET("\074\151\163\063\057\076"),	/* <is3/> */
+	OSXET("\074\151\163\062\057\076"),	/* <is2/> */
+	OSXET("\074\151\163\061\057\076"),	/* <is1/> */
+	{ 0, 0 },	/* " " */
+	{ 0, 0 },	/* ! */
+	{ 0, 0 },	/* \" */
+	{ 0, 0 },	/* # */
+	{ 0, 0 },	/* $ */
+	{ 0, 0 },	/* % */
+	OSXET("\046\141\155\160\073"),	/* &amp; */
+	{ 0, 0 },	/* ' */
+	{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0}, /* ()*+,-./ */
+	{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0}, /* 01234567 */
+	{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},{0,0},			 /* 89:; */
+	OSXET("\046\154\164\073"),	/* &lt; */
+	{ 0, 0 },	/* = */
+	OSXET("\046\147\164\073"),	/* &gt; */
+};
+
+static int
+OS__check_escaped_control_char(const void *buf, int size) {
+	size_t i;
+	/*
+	 * Inefficient algorithm which translates the escape sequences
+	 * defined above into characters. Returns -1 if not found.
+	 * TODO: replace by a faster algorithm (bsearch(), hash or
+	 * nested table lookups).
+	 */
+	for(i = 0; i < 32 /* Don't spend time on the bottom half */; i++) {
+		const struct OCTET_STRING__xer_escape_table_s *el;
+		el = &OCTET_STRING__xer_escape_table[i];
+		if(el->size == size && memcmp(buf, el->string, size) == 0)
+			return i;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int
+OCTET_STRING__handle_control_chars(void *struct_ptr, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size) {
+	/*
+	 * This might be one of the escape sequences
+	 * for control characters. Check it out.
+	 * #11.15.5
+	 */
+	int control_char = OS__check_escaped_control_char(chunk_buf,chunk_size);
+	if(control_char >= 0) {
+		OCTET_STRING_t *st = (OCTET_STRING_t *)struct_ptr;
+		void *p = REALLOC(st->buf, st->size + 2);
+		if(p) {
+			st->buf = (uint8_t *)p;
+			st->buf[st->size++] = control_char;
+			st->buf[st->size] = '\0';	/* nul-termination */
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	
+	return -1;	/* No, it's not */
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+OCTET_STRING_encode_xer_utf8(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
+	int ilevel, enum xer_encoder_flags_e flags,
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	const OCTET_STRING_t *st = (const OCTET_STRING_t *)sptr;
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+	uint8_t *buf, *end;
+	uint8_t *ss;	/* Sequence start */
+	ssize_t encoded_len = 0;
+
+	(void)ilevel;	/* Unused argument */
+	(void)flags;	/* Unused argument */
+
+	if(!st || (!st->buf && st->size))
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	buf = st->buf;
+	end = buf + st->size;
+	for(ss = buf; buf < end; buf++) {
+		unsigned int ch = *buf;
+		int s_len;	/* Special encoding sequence length */
+
+		/*
+		 * Escape certain characters: X.680/11.15
+		 */
+		if(ch < sizeof(OCTET_STRING__xer_escape_table)
+			/sizeof(OCTET_STRING__xer_escape_table[0])
+		&& (s_len = OCTET_STRING__xer_escape_table[ch].size)) {
+			if(((buf - ss) && cb(ss, buf - ss, app_key) < 0)
+			|| cb(OCTET_STRING__xer_escape_table[ch].string, s_len,
+					app_key) < 0)
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+			encoded_len += (buf - ss) + s_len;
+			ss = buf + 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	encoded_len += (buf - ss);
+	if((buf - ss) && cb(ss, buf - ss, app_key) < 0)
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	er.encoded = encoded_len;
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Convert from hexadecimal format (cstring): "AB CD EF"
+ */
+static ssize_t OCTET_STRING__convert_hexadecimal(void *sptr, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size, int have_more) {
+	OCTET_STRING_t *st = (OCTET_STRING_t *)sptr;
+	const char *chunk_stop = (const char *)chunk_buf;
+	const char *p = chunk_stop;
+	const char *pend = p + chunk_size;
+	unsigned int clv = 0;
+	int half = 0;	/* Half bit */
+	uint8_t *buf;
+
+	/* Reallocate buffer according to high cap estimation */
+	ssize_t _ns = st->size + (chunk_size + 1) / 2;
+	void *nptr = REALLOC(st->buf, _ns + 1);
+	if(!nptr) return -1;
+	st->buf = (uint8_t *)nptr;
+	buf = st->buf + st->size;
+
+	/*
+	 * If something like " a b c " appears here, the " a b":3 will be
+	 * converted, and the rest skipped. That is, unless buf_size is greater
+	 * than chunk_size, then it'll be equivalent to "ABC0".
+	 */
+	for(; p < pend; p++) {
+		int ch = *(const unsigned char *)p;
+		switch(ch) {
+		case 0x09: case 0x0a: case 0x0c: case 0x0d:
+		case 0x20:
+			/* Ignore whitespace */
+			continue;
+		case 0x30: case 0x31: case 0x32: case 0x33: case 0x34: /*01234*/
+		case 0x35: case 0x36: case 0x37: case 0x38: case 0x39: /*56789*/
+			clv = (clv << 4) + (ch - 0x30);
+			break;
+		case 0x41: case 0x42: case 0x43:	/* ABC */
+		case 0x44: case 0x45: case 0x46:	/* DEF */
+			clv = (clv << 4) + (ch - 0x41 + 10);
+			break;
+		case 0x61: case 0x62: case 0x63:	/* abc */
+		case 0x64: case 0x65: case 0x66:	/* def */
+			clv = (clv << 4) + (ch - 0x61 + 10);
+			break;
+		default:
+			*buf = 0;	/* JIC */
+			return -1;
+		}
+		if(half++) {
+			half = 0;
+			*buf++ = clv;
+			chunk_stop = p + 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Check partial decoding.
+	 */
+	if(half) {
+		if(have_more) {
+			/*
+			 * Partial specification is fine,
+			 * because no more more PXER_TEXT data is available.
+			 */
+			*buf++ = clv << 4;
+			chunk_stop = p;
+		}
+	} else {
+		chunk_stop = p;
+	}
+
+	st->size = buf - st->buf;	/* Adjust the buffer size */
+	assert(st->size <= _ns);
+	st->buf[st->size] = 0;		/* Courtesy termination */
+
+	return (chunk_stop - (const char *)chunk_buf);	/* Converted size */
+}
+
+/*
+ * Convert from binary format: "00101011101"
+ */
+static ssize_t OCTET_STRING__convert_binary(void *sptr, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size, int have_more) {
+	BIT_STRING_t *st = (BIT_STRING_t *)sptr;
+	const char *p = (const char *)chunk_buf;
+	const char *pend = p + chunk_size;
+	int bits_unused = st->bits_unused & 0x7;
+	uint8_t *buf;
+
+	/* Reallocate buffer according to high cap estimation */
+	ssize_t _ns = st->size + (chunk_size + 7) / 8;
+	void *nptr = REALLOC(st->buf, _ns + 1);
+	if(!nptr) return -1;
+	st->buf = (uint8_t *)nptr;
+	buf = st->buf + st->size;
+
+	(void)have_more;
+
+	if(bits_unused == 0)
+		bits_unused = 8;
+	else if(st->size)
+		buf--;
+
+	/*
+	 * Convert series of 0 and 1 into the octet string.
+	 */
+	for(; p < pend; p++) {
+		int ch = *(const unsigned char *)p;
+		switch(ch) {
+		case 0x09: case 0x0a: case 0x0c: case 0x0d:
+		case 0x20:
+			/* Ignore whitespace */
+			break;
+		case 0x30:
+		case 0x31:
+			if(bits_unused-- <= 0) {
+				*++buf = 0;	/* Clean the cell */
+				bits_unused = 7;
+			}
+			*buf |= (ch&1) << bits_unused;
+			break;
+		default:
+			st->bits_unused = bits_unused;
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if(bits_unused == 8) {
+		st->size = buf - st->buf;
+		st->bits_unused = 0;
+	} else {
+		st->size = buf - st->buf + 1;
+		st->bits_unused = bits_unused;
+	}
+
+	assert(st->size <= _ns);
+	st->buf[st->size] = 0;		/* Courtesy termination */
+
+	return chunk_size;	/* Converted in full */
+}
+
+/*
+ * Something like strtod(), but with stricter rules.
+ */
+static int
+OS__strtoent(int base, const char *buf, const char *end, int32_t *ret_value) {
+	int32_t val = 0;
+	const char *p;
+
+	for(p = buf; p < end; p++) {
+		int ch = *p;
+
+		/* Strange huge value */
+		if((val * base + base) < 0)
+			return -1;
+
+		switch(ch) {
+		case 0x30: case 0x31: case 0x32: case 0x33: case 0x34: /*01234*/
+		case 0x35: case 0x36: case 0x37: case 0x38: case 0x39: /*56789*/
+			val = val * base + (ch - 0x30);
+			break;
+		case 0x41: case 0x42: case 0x43:	/* ABC */
+		case 0x44: case 0x45: case 0x46:	/* DEF */
+			val = val * base + (ch - 0x41 + 10);
+			break;
+		case 0x61: case 0x62: case 0x63:	/* abc */
+		case 0x64: case 0x65: case 0x66:	/* def */
+			val = val * base + (ch - 0x61 + 10);
+			break;
+		case 0x3b:	/* ';' */
+			*ret_value = val;
+			return (p - buf) + 1;
+		default:
+			return -1;	/* Character set error */
+		}
+	}
+
+	*ret_value = -1;
+	return (p - buf);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Convert from the plain UTF-8 format, expanding entity references: "2 &lt; 3"
+ */
+static ssize_t OCTET_STRING__convert_entrefs(void *sptr, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size, int have_more) {
+	OCTET_STRING_t *st = (OCTET_STRING_t *)sptr;
+	const char *p = (const char *)chunk_buf;
+	const char *pend = p + chunk_size;
+	uint8_t *buf;
+
+	/* Reallocate buffer */
+	ssize_t _ns = st->size + chunk_size;
+	void *nptr = REALLOC(st->buf, _ns + 1);
+	if(!nptr) return -1;
+	st->buf = (uint8_t *)nptr;
+	buf = st->buf + st->size;
+
+	/*
+	 * Convert series of 0 and 1 into the octet string.
+	 */
+	for(; p < pend; p++) {
+		int ch = *(const unsigned char *)p;
+		int len;	/* Length of the rest of the chunk */
+
+		if(ch != 0x26 /* '&' */) {
+			*buf++ = ch;
+			continue;	/* That was easy... */
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Process entity reference.
+		 */
+		len = chunk_size - (p - (const char *)chunk_buf);
+		if(len == 1 /* "&" */) goto want_more;
+		if(p[1] == 0x23 /* '#' */) {
+			const char *pval;	/* Pointer to start of digits */
+			int32_t val = 0;	/* Entity reference value */
+			int base;
+
+			if(len == 2 /* "&#" */) goto want_more;
+			if(p[2] == 0x78 /* 'x' */)
+				pval = p + 3, base = 16;
+			else
+				pval = p + 2, base = 10;
+			len = OS__strtoent(base, pval, p + len, &val);
+			if(len == -1) {
+				/* Invalid charset. Just copy verbatim. */
+				*buf++ = ch;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if(!len || pval[len-1] != 0x3b) goto want_more;
+			assert(val > 0);
+			p += (pval - p) + len - 1; /* Advance past entref */
+
+			if(val < 0x80) {
+				*buf++ = (char)val;
+			} else if(val < 0x800) {
+				*buf++ = 0xc0 | ((val >> 6));
+				*buf++ = 0x80 | ((val & 0x3f));
+			} else if(val < 0x10000) {
+				*buf++ = 0xe0 | ((val >> 12));
+				*buf++ = 0x80 | ((val >> 6) & 0x3f);
+				*buf++ = 0x80 | ((val & 0x3f));
+			} else if(val < 0x200000) {
+				*buf++ = 0xf0 | ((val >> 18));
+				*buf++ = 0x80 | ((val >> 12) & 0x3f);
+				*buf++ = 0x80 | ((val >> 6) & 0x3f);
+				*buf++ = 0x80 | ((val & 0x3f));
+			} else if(val < 0x4000000) {
+				*buf++ = 0xf8 | ((val >> 24));
+				*buf++ = 0x80 | ((val >> 18) & 0x3f);
+				*buf++ = 0x80 | ((val >> 12) & 0x3f);
+				*buf++ = 0x80 | ((val >> 6) & 0x3f);
+				*buf++ = 0x80 | ((val & 0x3f));
+			} else {
+				*buf++ = 0xfc | ((val >> 30) & 0x1);
+				*buf++ = 0x80 | ((val >> 24) & 0x3f);
+				*buf++ = 0x80 | ((val >> 18) & 0x3f);
+				*buf++ = 0x80 | ((val >> 12) & 0x3f);
+				*buf++ = 0x80 | ((val >> 6) & 0x3f);
+				*buf++ = 0x80 | ((val & 0x3f));
+			}
+		} else {
+			/*
+			 * Ugly, limited parsing of &amp; &gt; &lt;
+			 */
+			char *sc = (char *)memchr(p, 0x3b, len > 5 ? 5 : len);
+			if(!sc) goto want_more;
+			if((sc - p) == 4
+				&& p[1] == 0x61	/* 'a' */
+				&& p[2] == 0x6d	/* 'm' */
+				&& p[3] == 0x70	/* 'p' */) {
+				*buf++ = 0x26;
+				p = sc;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if((sc - p) == 3) {
+				if(p[1] == 0x6c) {
+					*buf = 0x3c;	/* '<' */
+				} else if(p[1] == 0x67) {
+					*buf = 0x3e;	/* '>' */
+				} else {
+					/* Unsupported entity reference */
+					*buf++ = ch;
+					continue;
+				}
+				if(p[2] != 0x74) {
+					/* Unsupported entity reference */
+					*buf++ = ch;
+					continue;
+				}
+				buf++;
+				p = sc;
+				continue;
+			}
+			/* Unsupported entity reference */
+			*buf++ = ch;
+		}
+
+		continue;
+	want_more:
+		if(have_more) {
+			/*
+			 * We know that no more data (of the same type)
+			 * is coming. Copy the rest verbatim.
+			 */
+			*buf++ = ch;
+			continue;
+		}
+		chunk_size = (p - (const char *)chunk_buf);
+		/* Processing stalled: need more data */
+		break;
+	}
+
+	st->size = buf - st->buf;
+	assert(st->size <= _ns);
+	st->buf[st->size] = 0;		/* Courtesy termination */
+
+	return chunk_size;	/* Converted in full */
+}
+
+/*
+ * Decode OCTET STRING from the XML element's body.
+ */
+static asn_dec_rval_t
+OCTET_STRING__decode_xer(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void **sptr,
+	const char *opt_mname, const void *buf_ptr, size_t size,
+	int (*opt_unexpected_tag_decoder)
+		(void *struct_ptr, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size),
+	ssize_t (*body_receiver)
+		(void *struct_ptr, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size,
+			int have_more)
+) {
+	OCTET_STRING_t *st = (OCTET_STRING_t *)*sptr;
+	asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *specs = td->specifics
+				? (asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *)td->specifics
+				: &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_specs;
+	const char *xml_tag = opt_mname ? opt_mname : td->xml_tag;
+	asn_struct_ctx_t *ctx;		/* Per-structure parser context */
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval;		/* Return value from the decoder */
+	int st_allocated;
+
+	/*
+	 * Create the string if does not exist.
+	 */
+	if(!st) {
+		st = (OCTET_STRING_t *)CALLOC(1, specs->struct_size);
+		*sptr = (void *)st;
+		if(!st) goto sta_failed;
+		st_allocated = 1;
+	} else {
+		st_allocated = 0;
+	}
+	if(!st->buf) {
+		/* This is separate from above section */
+		st->buf = (uint8_t *)CALLOC(1, 1);
+		if(!st->buf) {
+			if(st_allocated) {
+				*sptr = 0;
+				goto stb_failed;
+			} else {
+				goto sta_failed;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Restore parsing context */
+	ctx = (asn_struct_ctx_t *)(((char *)*sptr) + specs->ctx_offset);
+
+	return xer_decode_general(opt_codec_ctx, ctx, *sptr, xml_tag,
+		buf_ptr, size, opt_unexpected_tag_decoder, body_receiver);
+
+stb_failed:
+	FREEMEM(st);
+sta_failed:
+	rval.code = RC_FAIL;
+	rval.consumed = 0;
+	return rval;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Decode OCTET STRING from the hexadecimal data.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t
+OCTET_STRING_decode_xer_hex(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void **sptr,
+		const char *opt_mname, const void *buf_ptr, size_t size) {
+	return OCTET_STRING__decode_xer(opt_codec_ctx, td, sptr, opt_mname,
+		buf_ptr, size, 0, OCTET_STRING__convert_hexadecimal);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Decode OCTET STRING from the binary (0/1) data.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t
+OCTET_STRING_decode_xer_binary(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void **sptr,
+		const char *opt_mname, const void *buf_ptr, size_t size) {
+	return OCTET_STRING__decode_xer(opt_codec_ctx, td, sptr, opt_mname,
+		buf_ptr, size, 0, OCTET_STRING__convert_binary);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Decode OCTET STRING from the string (ASCII/UTF-8) data.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t
+OCTET_STRING_decode_xer_utf8(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void **sptr,
+		const char *opt_mname, const void *buf_ptr, size_t size) {
+	return OCTET_STRING__decode_xer(opt_codec_ctx, td, sptr, opt_mname,
+		buf_ptr, size,
+		OCTET_STRING__handle_control_chars,
+		OCTET_STRING__convert_entrefs);
+}
+
+static int
+OCTET_STRING_per_get_characters(asn_per_data_t *po, uint8_t *buf,
+		size_t units, unsigned int bpc, unsigned int unit_bits,
+		int64_t lb, int64_t ub, asn_per_constraints_t *pc) {
+	uint8_t *end = buf + units * bpc;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Expanding %d characters into (%lld..%lld):%d",
+		(int)units, lb, ub, unit_bits);
+
+	/* X.691: 27.5.4 */
+	if((uint64_t)ub <= ((uint64_t)2 << (unit_bits - 1))) {
+		/* Decode without translation */
+		lb = 0;
+	} else if(pc && pc->code2value) {
+		if(unit_bits > 16)
+			return 1;	/* FATAL: can't have constrained
+					 * UniversalString with more than
+					 * 16 million code points */
+		for(; buf < end; buf += bpc) {
+			int value;
+			int code = per_get_few_bits(po, unit_bits);
+			if(code < 0) return -1;	/* WMORE */
+			value = pc->code2value(code);
+			if(value < 0) {
+				ASN_DEBUG("Code %d (0x%02x) is"
+					" not in map (%lld..%lld)",
+					code, code, lb, ub);
+				return 1;	/* FATAL */
+			}
+			switch(bpc) {
+			case 1: *buf = value; break;
+			case 2: buf[0] = value >> 8; buf[1] = value; break;
+			case 4: buf[0] = value >> 24; buf[1] = value >> 16;
+				buf[2] = value >> 8; buf[3] = value; break;
+			}
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Shortcut the no-op copying to the aligned structure */
+	if(lb == 0 && (unit_bits == 8 * bpc)) {
+		return per_get_many_bits(po, buf, 0, unit_bits * units);
+	}
+
+	for(; buf < end; buf += bpc) {
+		int code = per_get_few_bits(po, unit_bits);
+		int ch = code + lb;
+		if(code < 0) return -1;	/* WMORE */
+		if(ch > ub) {
+			ASN_DEBUG("Code %d is out of range (%lld..%lld)",
+				ch, lb, ub);
+			return 1;	/* FATAL */
+		}
+		switch(bpc) {
+		case 1: *buf = ch; break;
+		case 2: buf[0] = ch >> 8; buf[1] = ch; break;
+		case 4: buf[0] = ch >> 24; buf[1] = ch >> 16;
+			buf[2] = ch >> 8; buf[3] = ch; break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+OCTET_STRING_per_put_characters(asn_per_outp_t *po, const uint8_t *buf,
+		size_t units, unsigned int bpc, unsigned int unit_bits,
+		int64_t lb, int64_t ub, asn_per_constraints_t *pc) {
+	const uint8_t *end = buf + units * bpc;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Squeezing %d characters into (%lld..%lld):%d (%d bpc)",
+		(int)units, lb, ub, unit_bits, bpc);
+
+	/* X.691: 27.5.4 */
+	if((uint64_t)ub <= ((uint64_t)2 << (unit_bits - 1))) {
+		/* Encode as is */
+		lb = 0;
+	} else if(pc && pc->value2code) {
+		for(; buf < end; buf += bpc) {
+			int code;
+			uint32_t value;
+			switch(bpc) {
+			case 1: value = *(const uint8_t *)buf; break;
+			case 2: value = (buf[0] << 8) | buf[1]; break;
+			case 4: value = (buf[0] << 24) | (buf[1] << 16)
+					| (buf[2] << 8) | buf[3]; break;
+			default: return -1;
+			}
+			code = pc->value2code(value);
+			if(code < 0) {
+				ASN_DEBUG("Character %d (0x%02x) is"
+					" not in map (%lld..%lld)",
+					*buf, *buf, lb, ub);
+				return -1;
+			}
+			if(per_put_few_bits(po, code, unit_bits))
+				return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Shortcut the no-op copying to the aligned structure */
+	if(lb == 0 && (unit_bits == 8 * bpc)) {
+		return per_put_many_bits(po, buf, unit_bits * units);
+	}
+
+	for(ub -= lb; buf < end; buf += bpc) {
+		int ch;
+		uint32_t value;
+		switch(bpc) {
+		case 1: value = *(const uint8_t *)buf; break;
+		case 2: value = (buf[0] << 8) | buf[1]; break;
+		case 4: value = (buf[0] << 24) | (buf[1] << 16)
+				| (buf[2] << 8) | buf[3]; break;
+		default: return -1;
+		}
+		ch = value - lb;
+		if(ch < 0 || ch > ub) {
+			ASN_DEBUG("Character %d (0x%02x)"
+			" is out of range (%lld..%lld)",
+				*buf, *buf, lb, ub + lb);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		if(per_put_few_bits(po, ch, unit_bits))
+			return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+OCTET_STRING_decode_uper(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, asn_per_constraints_t *constraints,
+	void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+
+	asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *specs = td->specifics
+		? (asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *)td->specifics
+		: &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_specs;
+	asn_per_constraints_t *pc = constraints ? constraints
+				: td->per_constraints;
+	asn_per_constraint_t *cval;
+	asn_per_constraint_t *csiz;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval = { RC_OK, 0 };
+	BIT_STRING_t *st = (BIT_STRING_t *)*sptr;
+	ssize_t consumed_myself = 0;
+	int repeat;
+	enum {
+		OS__BPC_BIT	= 0,
+		OS__BPC_CHAR	= 1,
+		OS__BPC_U16	= 2,
+		OS__BPC_U32	= 4
+	} bpc;	/* Bytes per character */
+	unsigned int unit_bits;
+	unsigned int canonical_unit_bits;
+
+	(void)opt_codec_ctx;
+
+	if(pc) {
+		cval = &pc->value;
+		csiz = &pc->size;
+	} else {
+		cval = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.value;
+		csiz = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.size;
+	}
+
+	switch(specs->subvariant) {
+	default:
+	case ASN_OSUBV_ANY:
+		ASN_DEBUG("Unrecognized subvariant %d", specs->subvariant);
+		RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+	case ASN_OSUBV_BIT:
+		canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 1;
+		bpc = OS__BPC_BIT;
+		break;
+	case ASN_OSUBV_STR:
+		canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 8;
+		if(cval->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED)
+			unit_bits = cval->range_bits;
+		bpc = OS__BPC_CHAR;
+		break;
+	case ASN_OSUBV_U16:
+		canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 16;
+		if(cval->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED)
+			unit_bits = cval->range_bits;
+		bpc = OS__BPC_U16;
+		break;
+	case ASN_OSUBV_U32:
+		canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 32;
+		if(cval->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED)
+			unit_bits = cval->range_bits;
+		bpc = OS__BPC_U32;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Allocate the string.
+	 */
+	if(!st) {
+		st = (BIT_STRING_t *)(*sptr = CALLOC(1, specs->struct_size));
+		if(!st) RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+	}
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("PER Decoding %s size %lld .. %lld bits %d",
+		csiz->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE ? "extensible" : "non-extensible",
+		csiz->lower_bound, csiz->upper_bound, csiz->effective_bits);
+
+	if(csiz->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE) {
+		int inext = per_get_few_bits(pd, 1);
+		if(inext < 0) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+		if(inext) {
+			csiz = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.size;
+			cval = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.value;
+			unit_bits = canonical_unit_bits;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if(csiz->effective_bits >= 0) {
+		FREEMEM(st->buf);
+		if(bpc) {
+			st->size = csiz->upper_bound * bpc;
+		} else {
+			st->size = (csiz->upper_bound + 7) >> 3;
+		}
+		st->buf = (uint8_t *)MALLOC(st->size + 1);
+		if(!st->buf) { st->size = 0; RETURN(RC_FAIL); }
+	}
+
+	/* X.691, #16.5: zero-length encoding */
+	/* X.691, #16.6: short fixed length encoding (up to 2 octets) */
+	/* X.691, #16.7: long fixed length encoding (up to 64K octets) */
+	if(csiz->effective_bits == 0) {
+		int ret;
+		if(bpc) {
+			ASN_DEBUG("Encoding OCTET STRING size %lld",
+				csiz->upper_bound);
+			ret = OCTET_STRING_per_get_characters(pd, st->buf,
+				csiz->upper_bound, bpc, unit_bits,
+				cval->lower_bound, cval->upper_bound, pc);
+			if(ret > 0) RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		} else {
+			ASN_DEBUG("Encoding BIT STRING size %lld",
+				csiz->upper_bound);
+			ret = per_get_many_bits(pd, st->buf, 0,
+					    unit_bits * csiz->upper_bound);
+		}
+		if(ret < 0) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+		consumed_myself += unit_bits * csiz->upper_bound;
+		st->buf[st->size] = 0;
+		if(bpc == 0) {
+			int ubs = (csiz->upper_bound & 0x7);
+			st->bits_unused = ubs ? 8 - ubs : 0;
+		}
+		RETURN(RC_OK);
+	}
+
+	st->size = 0;
+	do {
+		ssize_t raw_len;
+		ssize_t len_bytes;
+		ssize_t len_bits;
+		void *p;
+		int ret;
+
+		/* Get the PER length */
+		raw_len = uper_get_length(pd, csiz->effective_bits, &repeat);
+		if(raw_len < 0) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+		raw_len += csiz->lower_bound;
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("Got PER length eb %ld, len %ld, %s (%s)",
+			(long)csiz->effective_bits, (long)raw_len,
+			repeat ? "repeat" : "once", td->name);
+		if(bpc) {
+			len_bytes = raw_len * bpc;
+			len_bits = len_bytes * unit_bits;
+		} else {
+			len_bits = raw_len;
+			len_bytes = (len_bits + 7) >> 3;
+			if(len_bits & 0x7)
+				st->bits_unused = 8 - (len_bits & 0x7);
+			/* len_bits be multiple of 16K if repeat is set */
+		}
+		p = REALLOC(st->buf, st->size + len_bytes + 1);
+		if(!p) RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		st->buf = (uint8_t *)p;
+
+		if(bpc) {
+			ret = OCTET_STRING_per_get_characters(pd,
+				&st->buf[st->size], raw_len, bpc, unit_bits,
+				cval->lower_bound, cval->upper_bound, pc);
+			if(ret > 0) RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		} else {
+			ret = per_get_many_bits(pd, &st->buf[st->size],
+				0, len_bits);
+		}
+		if(ret < 0) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+		st->size += len_bytes;
+	} while(repeat);
+	st->buf[st->size] = 0;	/* nul-terminate */
+
+	return rval;
+}
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+OCTET_STRING_decode_aper(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, asn_per_constraints_t *constraints,
+	void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+
+	asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *specs = td->specifics
+		? (asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *)td->specifics
+		: &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_specs;
+	asn_per_constraints_t *pc = constraints ? constraints
+				: td->per_constraints;
+	asn_per_constraint_t *cval;
+	asn_per_constraint_t *csiz;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval = { RC_OK, 0 };
+	BIT_STRING_t *st = (BIT_STRING_t *)*sptr;
+	ssize_t consumed_myself = 0;
+	int repeat;
+	enum {
+		OS__BPC_BIT	= 0,
+		OS__BPC_CHAR	= 1,
+		OS__BPC_U16	= 2,
+		OS__BPC_U32	= 4
+	} bpc;	/* Bytes per character */
+	unsigned int unit_bits;
+	unsigned int canonical_unit_bits;
+
+	(void)opt_codec_ctx;
+
+	if(pc) {
+		cval = &pc->value;
+		csiz = &pc->size;
+	} else {
+		cval = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.value;
+		csiz = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.size;
+	}
+
+	switch(specs->subvariant) {
+	default:
+// 	case ASN_OSUBV_ANY:
+// 		ASN_DEBUG("Unrecognized subvariant %d", specs->subvariant);
+// 		RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+	case ASN_OSUBV_BIT:
+		canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 1;
+		bpc = OS__BPC_BIT;
+		break;
+    case ASN_OSUBV_ANY:
+	case ASN_OSUBV_STR:
+		canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 8;
+// 		if(cval->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED)
+// 			unit_bits = cval->range_bits;
+		bpc = OS__BPC_CHAR;
+		break;
+	case ASN_OSUBV_U16:
+		canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 16;
+		if(cval->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED)
+			unit_bits = cval->range_bits;
+		bpc = OS__BPC_U16;
+		break;
+	case ASN_OSUBV_U32:
+		canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 32;
+		if(cval->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED)
+			unit_bits = cval->range_bits;
+		bpc = OS__BPC_U32;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Allocate the string.
+	 */
+	if(!st) {
+		st = (BIT_STRING_t *)(*sptr = CALLOC(1, specs->struct_size));
+		if(!st) RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+	}
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("PER Decoding %s size %lld .. %lld bits %d",
+		csiz->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE ? "extensible" : "non-extensible",
+		csiz->lower_bound, csiz->upper_bound, csiz->effective_bits);
+
+	if(csiz->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE) {
+		int inext = per_get_few_bits(pd, 1);
+		if(inext < 0) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+		if(inext) {
+			csiz = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.size;
+			cval = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.value;
+			unit_bits = canonical_unit_bits;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if(csiz->effective_bits >= 0) {
+		FREEMEM(st->buf);
+		if(bpc) {
+			st->size = csiz->upper_bound * bpc;
+		} else {
+			st->size = (csiz->upper_bound + 7) >> 3;
+		}
+		st->buf = (uint8_t *)MALLOC(st->size + 1);
+		if(!st->buf) { st->size = 0; RETURN(RC_FAIL); }
+	}
+
+	/* X.691, #16.5: zero-length encoding */
+	/* X.691, #16.6: short fixed length encoding (up to 2 octets) */
+	/* X.691, #16.7: long fixed length encoding (up to 64K octets) */
+	if(csiz->effective_bits == 0) {
+		int ret;
+		if (st->size > 2) { /* X.691 #16 NOTE 1 */
+			if (aper_get_align(pd) < 0)
+				RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		}
+		if(bpc) {
+			ASN_DEBUG("Decoding OCTET STRING size %lld",
+				csiz->upper_bound);
+			ret = OCTET_STRING_per_get_characters(pd, st->buf,
+				csiz->upper_bound, bpc, unit_bits,
+				cval->lower_bound, cval->upper_bound, pc);
+			if(ret > 0) RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		} else {
+			ASN_DEBUG("Decoding BIT STRING size %lld",
+				csiz->upper_bound);
+			ret = per_get_many_bits(pd, st->buf, 0,
+					    unit_bits * csiz->upper_bound);
+		}
+		if(ret < 0) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+		consumed_myself += unit_bits * csiz->upper_bound;
+		st->buf[st->size] = 0;
+		if(bpc == 0) {
+			int ubs = (csiz->upper_bound & 0x7);
+			st->bits_unused = ubs ? 8 - ubs : 0;
+		}
+		RETURN(RC_OK);
+	}
+
+	st->size = 0;
+	do {
+		ssize_t raw_len;
+		ssize_t len_bytes;
+		ssize_t len_bits;
+		void *p;
+		int ret;
+
+		/* Get the PER length */
+		if (csiz->upper_bound - csiz->lower_bound == 0)
+			// Indefinite length case
+			raw_len = aper_get_length(pd, -1, csiz->effective_bits, &repeat);
+		else
+			raw_len = aper_get_length(pd, csiz->upper_bound - csiz->lower_bound + 1, csiz->effective_bits, &repeat);
+		repeat = 0;
+		if(raw_len < 0) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+		raw_len += csiz->lower_bound;
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("Got PER length eb %ld, len %ld, %s (%s)",
+			(long)csiz->effective_bits, (long)raw_len,
+			repeat ? "repeat" : "once", td->name);
+
+		if (raw_len > 2) { /* X.691 #16 NOTE 1 */
+			if (aper_get_align(pd) < 0)
+				RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		}
+
+		if(bpc) {
+			len_bytes = raw_len * bpc;
+			len_bits = len_bytes * unit_bits;
+		} else {
+			len_bits = raw_len;
+			len_bytes = (len_bits + 7) >> 3;
+			if(len_bits & 0x7)
+				st->bits_unused = 8 - (len_bits & 0x7);
+			/* len_bits be multiple of 16K if repeat is set */
+		}
+		p = REALLOC(st->buf, st->size + len_bytes + 1);
+		if(!p) RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		st->buf = (uint8_t *)p;
+
+		if(bpc) {
+			ret = OCTET_STRING_per_get_characters(pd,
+				&st->buf[st->size], raw_len, bpc, unit_bits,
+				cval->lower_bound, cval->upper_bound, pc);
+			if(ret > 0) RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		} else {
+			ret = per_get_many_bits(pd, &st->buf[st->size],
+				0, len_bits);
+		}
+		if(ret < 0) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+		st->size += len_bytes;
+	} while(repeat);
+	st->buf[st->size] = 0;	/* nul-terminate */
+
+	return rval;
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+OCTET_STRING_encode_uper(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+        asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_per_outp_t *po) {
+
+	asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *specs = td->specifics
+		? (asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *)td->specifics
+		: &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_specs;
+	asn_per_constraints_t *pc = constraints ? constraints
+				: td->per_constraints;
+	asn_per_constraint_t *cval;
+	asn_per_constraint_t *csiz;
+	const BIT_STRING_t *st = (const BIT_STRING_t *)sptr;
+	asn_enc_rval_t er = { 0, 0, 0 };
+	int inext = 0;		/* Lies not within extension root */
+	unsigned int unit_bits;
+	unsigned int canonical_unit_bits;
+	unsigned int sizeinunits;
+	const uint8_t *buf;
+	int ret;
+	enum {
+		OS__BPC_BIT	= 0,
+		OS__BPC_CHAR	= 1,
+		OS__BPC_U16	= 2,
+		OS__BPC_U32	= 4
+	} bpc;	/* Bytes per character */
+	int ct_extensible;
+
+	if(!st || (!st->buf && st->size))
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	if(pc) {
+		cval = &pc->value;
+		csiz = &pc->size;
+	} else {
+		cval = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.value;
+		csiz = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.size;
+	}
+	ct_extensible = csiz->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE;
+
+	switch(specs->subvariant) {
+	default:
+	case ASN_OSUBV_ANY:
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	case ASN_OSUBV_BIT:
+		canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 1;
+		bpc = OS__BPC_BIT;
+		sizeinunits = st->size * 8 - (st->bits_unused & 0x07);
+		ASN_DEBUG("BIT STRING of %d bytes, %d bits unused",
+				sizeinunits, st->bits_unused);
+		break;
+	case ASN_OSUBV_STR:
+		canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 8;
+		if(cval->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED)
+			unit_bits = cval->range_bits;
+		bpc = OS__BPC_CHAR;
+		sizeinunits = st->size;
+		break;
+	case ASN_OSUBV_U16:
+		canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 16;
+		if(cval->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED)
+			unit_bits = cval->range_bits;
+		bpc = OS__BPC_U16;
+		sizeinunits = st->size / 2;
+		break;
+	case ASN_OSUBV_U32:
+		canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 32;
+		if(cval->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED)
+			unit_bits = cval->range_bits;
+		bpc = OS__BPC_U32;
+		sizeinunits = st->size / 4;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %s into %d units of %d bits"
+		" (%lld..%lld, effective %d)%s",
+		td->name, sizeinunits, unit_bits,
+		csiz->lower_bound, csiz->upper_bound,
+		csiz->effective_bits, ct_extensible ? " EXT" : "");
+
+	/* Figure out whether size lies within PER visible constraint */
+
+	if(csiz->effective_bits >= 0) {
+		if((int)sizeinunits < csiz->lower_bound
+		|| (int)sizeinunits > csiz->upper_bound) {
+			if(ct_extensible) {
+				cval = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.value;
+				csiz = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.size;
+				unit_bits = canonical_unit_bits;
+				inext = 1;
+			} else
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		}
+	} else {
+		inext = 0;
+	}
+
+	if(ct_extensible) {
+		/* Declare whether length is [not] within extension root */
+		if(per_put_few_bits(po, inext, 1))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	/* X.691, #16.5: zero-length encoding */
+	/* X.691, #16.6: short fixed length encoding (up to 2 octets) */
+	/* X.691, #16.7: long fixed length encoding (up to 64K octets) */
+	if(csiz->effective_bits >= 0) {
+		ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %d bytes (%lld), length in %d bits",
+				st->size, sizeinunits - csiz->lower_bound,
+				csiz->effective_bits);
+		ret = per_put_few_bits(po, sizeinunits - csiz->lower_bound,
+				csiz->effective_bits);
+		if(ret) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		if(bpc) {
+			ret = OCTET_STRING_per_put_characters(po, st->buf,
+				sizeinunits, bpc, unit_bits,
+				cval->lower_bound, cval->upper_bound, pc);
+		} else {
+			ret = per_put_many_bits(po, st->buf,
+				sizeinunits * unit_bits);
+		}
+		if(ret) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+	}
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %d bytes", st->size);
+
+	if(sizeinunits == 0) {
+		if(uper_put_length(po, 0))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+	}
+
+	buf = st->buf;
+	while(sizeinunits) {
+		ssize_t maySave = uper_put_length(po, sizeinunits);
+		if(maySave < 0) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %ld of %ld",
+			(long)maySave, (long)sizeinunits);
+
+		if(bpc) {
+			ret = OCTET_STRING_per_put_characters(po, buf,
+				maySave, bpc, unit_bits,
+				cval->lower_bound, cval->upper_bound, pc);
+		} else {
+			ret = per_put_many_bits(po, buf, maySave * unit_bits);
+		}
+		if(ret) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+		if(bpc)
+			buf += maySave * bpc;
+		else
+			buf += maySave >> 3;
+		sizeinunits -= maySave;
+		assert(!(maySave & 0x07) || !sizeinunits);
+	}
+
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+OCTET_STRING_encode_aper(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+        asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_per_outp_t *po) {
+
+        asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *specs = td->specifics
+                ? (asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *)td->specifics
+                : &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_specs;
+        asn_per_constraints_t *pc = constraints ? constraints
+                                : td->per_constraints;
+        asn_per_constraint_t *cval;
+        asn_per_constraint_t *csiz;
+        const BIT_STRING_t *st = (const BIT_STRING_t *)sptr;
+        asn_enc_rval_t er = { 0, 0, 0 };
+        int inext = 0;          /* Lies not within extension root */
+        unsigned int unit_bits;
+        unsigned int canonical_unit_bits;
+        unsigned int sizeinunits;
+        const uint8_t *buf;
+        int ret;
+        enum {
+                OS__BPC_BIT     = 0,
+                OS__BPC_CHAR    = 1,
+                OS__BPC_U16     = 2,
+                OS__BPC_U32     = 4
+        } bpc;  /* Bytes per character */
+        int ct_extensible;
+
+        if(!st || (!st->buf && st->size))
+                _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+        if(pc) {
+                cval = &pc->value;
+                csiz = &pc->size;
+        } else {
+                cval = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.value;
+                csiz = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.size;
+        }
+        ct_extensible = csiz->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE;
+
+        switch(specs->subvariant) {
+        default:
+//         case ASN_OSUBV_ANY:
+//                 _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+        case ASN_OSUBV_BIT:
+                canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 1;
+                bpc = OS__BPC_BIT;
+                sizeinunits = st->size * 8 - (st->bits_unused & 0x07);
+                ASN_DEBUG("BIT STRING of %d bytes",
+                                sizeinunits);
+		break;
+        case ASN_OSUBV_ANY:
+	case ASN_OSUBV_STR:
+		canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 8;
+// 		if(cval->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED)
+// 			unit_bits = 8;
+		bpc = OS__BPC_CHAR;
+		sizeinunits = st->size;
+		break;
+	case ASN_OSUBV_U16:
+		canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 16;
+		if(cval->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED)
+			unit_bits = cval->range_bits;
+		bpc = OS__BPC_U16;
+		sizeinunits = st->size / 2;
+		break;
+	case ASN_OSUBV_U32:
+		canonical_unit_bits = unit_bits = 32;
+		if(cval->flags & APC_CONSTRAINED)
+			unit_bits = cval->range_bits;
+		bpc = OS__BPC_U32;
+		sizeinunits = st->size / 4;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %s into %d units of %d bits"
+		" (%lld..%lld, effective %d)%s",
+		td->name, sizeinunits, unit_bits,
+		csiz->lower_bound, csiz->upper_bound,
+		csiz->effective_bits, ct_extensible ? " EXT" : "");
+
+	/* Figure out wheter size lies within PER visible constraint */
+
+	if(csiz->effective_bits >= 0) {
+		if((int)sizeinunits < csiz->lower_bound
+		|| (int)sizeinunits > csiz->upper_bound) {
+			if(ct_extensible) {
+				cval = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.value;
+				csiz = &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_constraints.size;
+				unit_bits = canonical_unit_bits;
+				inext = 1;
+			} else
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		}
+	} else {
+		inext = 0;
+	}
+
+
+	if(ct_extensible) {
+		/* Declare whether length is [not] within extension root */
+		if(per_put_few_bits(po, inext, 1))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	/* X.691, #16.5: zero-length encoding */
+	/* X.691, #16.6: short fixed length encoding (up to 2 octets) */
+	/* X.691, #16.7: long fixed length encoding (up to 64K octets) */
+	if(csiz->effective_bits >= 0) {
+		ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %d bytes (%lld), length in %d bits",
+				st->size, sizeinunits - csiz->lower_bound,
+				csiz->effective_bits);
+		ret = per_put_few_bits(po, sizeinunits - csiz->lower_bound,
+				csiz->effective_bits);
+		if(ret) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		if (st->size > 2) { /* X.691 #16 NOTE 1 */
+			if (aper_put_align(po) < 0)
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		}
+		if(bpc) {
+			ret = OCTET_STRING_per_put_characters(po, st->buf,
+				sizeinunits, bpc, unit_bits,
+				cval->lower_bound, cval->upper_bound, pc);
+		} else {
+			ret = per_put_many_bits(po, st->buf,
+				sizeinunits * unit_bits);
+		}
+		if(ret) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+	}
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %d bytes", st->size);
+
+	if(sizeinunits == 0) {
+		if(aper_put_length(po, -1, 0))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+	}
+
+	buf = st->buf;
+	while(sizeinunits) {
+		ssize_t maySave = aper_put_length(po, -1, sizeinunits);
+
+		if(maySave < 0) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %ld of %ld",
+			(long)maySave, (long)sizeinunits);
+
+		if(bpc) {
+			ret = OCTET_STRING_per_put_characters(po, buf,
+				maySave, bpc, unit_bits,
+				cval->lower_bound, cval->upper_bound, pc);
+		} else {
+			ret = per_put_many_bits(po, buf, maySave * unit_bits);
+		}
+		if(ret) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+		if(bpc)
+			buf += maySave * bpc;
+		else
+			buf += maySave >> 3;
+		sizeinunits -= maySave;
+		assert(!(maySave & 0x07) || !sizeinunits);
+	}
+
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+}
+
+int
+OCTET_STRING_print(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr, int ilevel,
+	asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	const char * const h2c = "0123456789ABCDEF";
+	const OCTET_STRING_t *st = (const OCTET_STRING_t *)sptr;
+	char scratch[16 * 3 + 4];
+	char *p = scratch;
+	uint8_t *buf;
+	uint8_t *end;
+	size_t i;
+
+	(void)td;	/* Unused argument */
+
+	if(!st || (!st->buf && st->size))
+		return (cb("<absent>", 8, app_key) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Dump the contents of the buffer in hexadecimal.
+	 */
+	buf = st->buf;
+	end = buf + st->size;
+	for(i = 0; buf < end; buf++, i++) {
+		if(!(i % 16) && (i || st->size > 16)) {
+			if(cb(scratch, p - scratch, app_key) < 0)
+				return -1;
+			_i_INDENT(1);
+			p = scratch;
+		}
+		*p++ = h2c[(*buf >> 4) & 0x0F];
+		*p++ = h2c[*buf & 0x0F];
+		*p++ = 0x20;
+	}
+
+	if(p > scratch) {
+		p--;	/* Remove the tail space */
+		if(cb(scratch, p - scratch, app_key) < 0)
+			return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+OCTET_STRING_print_utf8(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr,
+		int ilevel, asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	const OCTET_STRING_t *st = (const OCTET_STRING_t *)sptr;
+
+	(void)td;	/* Unused argument */
+	(void)ilevel;	/* Unused argument */
+
+	if(st && (st->buf || !st->size)) {
+		return (cb(st->buf, st->size, app_key) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
+	} else {
+		return (cb("<absent>", 8, app_key) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
+	}
+}
+
+void
+OCTET_STRING_free(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr, int contents_only) {
+	OCTET_STRING_t *st = (OCTET_STRING_t *)sptr;
+	asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *specs = td->specifics
+				? (asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *)td->specifics
+				: &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_specs;
+	asn_struct_ctx_t *ctx = (asn_struct_ctx_t *)
+					((char *)st + specs->ctx_offset);
+	struct _stack *stck;
+
+	if(!td || !st)
+		return;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Freeing %s as OCTET STRING", td->name);
+
+	if(st->buf) {
+		FREEMEM(st->buf);
+		st->buf = 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Remove decode-time stack.
+	 */
+	stck = (struct _stack *)ctx->ptr;
+	if(stck) {
+		while(stck->tail) {
+			struct _stack_el *sel = stck->tail;
+			stck->tail = sel->prev;
+			FREEMEM(sel);
+		}
+		FREEMEM(stck);
+	}
+
+	if(!contents_only) {
+		FREEMEM(st);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Conversion routines.
+ */
+int
+OCTET_STRING_fromBuf(OCTET_STRING_t *st, const char *str, int len) {
+	void *buf;
+
+	if(st == 0 || (str == 0 && len)) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Clear the OCTET STRING.
+	 */
+	if(str == NULL) {
+		FREEMEM(st->buf);
+		st->buf = 0;
+		st->size = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Determine the original string size, if not explicitly given */
+	if(len < 0)
+		len = strlen(str);
+
+	/* Allocate and fill the memory */
+	buf = MALLOC(len + 1);
+	if(buf == NULL)
+		return -1;
+
+	memcpy(buf, str, len);
+	((uint8_t *)buf)[len] = '\0';	/* Couldn't use memcpy(len+1)! */
+	FREEMEM(st->buf);
+	st->buf = (uint8_t *)buf;
+	st->size = len;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+OCTET_STRING_t *
+OCTET_STRING_new_fromBuf(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const char *str, int len) {
+	asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *specs = td->specifics
+				? (asn_OCTET_STRING_specifics_t *)td->specifics
+				: &asn_DEF_OCTET_STRING_specs;
+	OCTET_STRING_t *st;
+
+	st = (OCTET_STRING_t *)CALLOC(1, specs->struct_size);
+	if(st && str && OCTET_STRING_fromBuf(st, str, len)) {
+		FREEMEM(st);
+		st = NULL;
+	}
+
+	return st;
+}
+
diff --git a/src/rspro/asn_codecs_prim.c b/src/rspro/asn_codecs_prim.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8e604a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/asn_codecs_prim.c
@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+#include <asn_codecs_prim.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+/*
+ * Decode an always-primitive type.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t
+ber_decode_primitive(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	void **sptr, const void *buf_ptr, size_t size, int tag_mode) {
+	ASN__PRIMITIVE_TYPE_t *st = (ASN__PRIMITIVE_TYPE_t *)*sptr;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval;
+	ber_tlv_len_t length = 0; // =0 to avoid [incorrect] warning.
+
+	/*
+	 * If the structure is not there, allocate it.
+	 */
+	if(st == NULL) {
+		st = (ASN__PRIMITIVE_TYPE_t *)CALLOC(1, sizeof(*st));
+		if(st == NULL) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+		*sptr = (void *)st;
+	}
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Decoding %s as plain primitive (tm=%d)",
+		td->name, tag_mode);
+
+	/*
+	 * Check tags and extract value length.
+	 */
+	rval = ber_check_tags(opt_codec_ctx, td, 0, buf_ptr, size,
+			tag_mode, 0, &length, 0);
+	if(rval.code != RC_OK)
+		return rval;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("%s length is %d bytes", td->name, (int)length);
+
+	/*
+	 * Make sure we have this length.
+	 */
+	buf_ptr = ((const char *)buf_ptr) + rval.consumed;
+	size -= rval.consumed;
+	if(length > (ber_tlv_len_t)size) {
+		rval.code = RC_WMORE;
+		rval.consumed = 0;
+		return rval;
+	}
+
+	st->size = (int)length;
+	/* The following better be optimized away. */
+	if(sizeof(st->size) != sizeof(length)
+			&& (ber_tlv_len_t)st->size != length) {
+		st->size = 0;
+		_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	st->buf = (uint8_t *)MALLOC(length + 1);
+	if(!st->buf) {
+		st->size = 0;
+		_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	memcpy(st->buf, buf_ptr, length);
+	st->buf[length] = '\0';		/* Just in case */
+
+	rval.code = RC_OK;
+	rval.consumed += length;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Took %ld/%ld bytes to encode %s",
+		(long)rval.consumed,
+		(long)length, td->name);
+
+	return rval;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Encode an always-primitive type using DER.
+ */
+asn_enc_rval_t
+der_encode_primitive(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
+	int tag_mode, ber_tlv_tag_t tag,
+	asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	asn_enc_rval_t erval;
+	ASN__PRIMITIVE_TYPE_t *st = (ASN__PRIMITIVE_TYPE_t *)sptr;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("%s %s as a primitive type (tm=%d)",
+		cb?"Encoding":"Estimating", td->name, tag_mode);
+
+	erval.encoded = der_write_tags(td, st->size, tag_mode, 0, tag,
+		cb, app_key);
+	ASN_DEBUG("%s wrote tags %d", td->name, (int)erval.encoded);
+	if(erval.encoded == -1) {
+		erval.failed_type = td;
+		erval.structure_ptr = sptr;
+		return erval;
+	}
+
+	if(cb && st->buf) {
+		if(cb(st->buf, st->size, app_key) < 0) {
+			erval.encoded = -1;
+			erval.failed_type = td;
+			erval.structure_ptr = sptr;
+			return erval;
+		}
+	} else {
+		assert(st->buf || st->size == 0);
+	}
+
+	erval.encoded += st->size;
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(erval);
+}
+
+void
+ASN__PRIMITIVE_TYPE_free(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
+		int contents_only) {
+	ASN__PRIMITIVE_TYPE_t *st = (ASN__PRIMITIVE_TYPE_t *)sptr;
+
+	if(!td || !sptr)
+		return;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Freeing %s as a primitive type", td->name);
+
+	if(st->buf)
+		FREEMEM(st->buf);
+
+	if(!contents_only)
+		FREEMEM(st);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Local internal type passed around as an argument.
+ */
+struct xdp_arg_s {
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *type_descriptor;
+	void *struct_key;
+	xer_primitive_body_decoder_f *prim_body_decoder;
+	int decoded_something;
+	int want_more;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Since some kinds of primitive values can be encoded using value-specific
+ * tags (<MINUS-INFINITY>, <enum-element>, etc), the primitive decoder must
+ * be supplied with such tags to parse them as needed.
+ */
+static int
+xer_decode__unexpected_tag(void *key, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size) {
+	struct xdp_arg_s *arg = (struct xdp_arg_s *)key;
+	enum xer_pbd_rval bret;
+
+	/*
+	 * The chunk_buf is guaranteed to start at '<'.
+	 */
+	assert(chunk_size && ((const char *)chunk_buf)[0] == 0x3c);
+
+	/*
+	 * Decoding was performed once already. Prohibit doing it again.
+	 */
+	if(arg->decoded_something)
+		return -1;
+
+	bret = arg->prim_body_decoder(arg->type_descriptor,
+		arg->struct_key, chunk_buf, chunk_size);
+	switch(bret) {
+	case XPBD_SYSTEM_FAILURE:
+	case XPBD_DECODER_LIMIT:
+	case XPBD_BROKEN_ENCODING:
+		break;
+	case XPBD_BODY_CONSUMED:
+		/* Tag decoded successfully */
+		arg->decoded_something = 1;
+		/* Fall through */
+	case XPBD_NOT_BODY_IGNORE:	/* Safe to proceed further */
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static ssize_t
+xer_decode__primitive_body(void *key, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size, int have_more) {
+	struct xdp_arg_s *arg = (struct xdp_arg_s *)key;
+	enum xer_pbd_rval bret;
+	size_t lead_wsp_size;
+
+	if(arg->decoded_something) {
+		if(xer_whitespace_span(chunk_buf, chunk_size) == chunk_size) {
+			/*
+			 * Example:
+			 * "<INTEGER>123<!--/--> </INTEGER>"
+			 *                      ^- chunk_buf position.
+			 */
+			return chunk_size;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Decoding was done once already. Prohibit doing it again.
+		 */
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if(!have_more) {
+		/*
+		 * If we've received something like "1", we can't really
+		 * tell whether it is really `1` or `123`, until we know
+		 * that there is no more data coming.
+		 * The have_more argument will be set to 1 once something
+		 * like this is available to the caller of this callback:
+		 * "1<tag_start..."
+		 */
+		arg->want_more = 1;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	lead_wsp_size = xer_whitespace_span(chunk_buf, chunk_size);
+	chunk_buf = (const char *)chunk_buf + lead_wsp_size;
+	chunk_size -= lead_wsp_size;
+
+	bret = arg->prim_body_decoder(arg->type_descriptor,
+		arg->struct_key, chunk_buf, chunk_size);
+	switch(bret) {
+	case XPBD_SYSTEM_FAILURE:
+	case XPBD_DECODER_LIMIT:
+	case XPBD_BROKEN_ENCODING:
+		break;
+	case XPBD_BODY_CONSUMED:
+		/* Tag decoded successfully */
+		arg->decoded_something = 1;
+		/* Fall through */
+	case XPBD_NOT_BODY_IGNORE:	/* Safe to proceed further */
+		return lead_wsp_size + chunk_size;
+	}
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+xer_decode_primitive(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	void **sptr,
+	size_t struct_size,
+	const char *opt_mname,
+	const void *buf_ptr, size_t size,
+	xer_primitive_body_decoder_f *prim_body_decoder
+) {
+	const char *xml_tag = opt_mname ? opt_mname : td->xml_tag;
+	asn_struct_ctx_t s_ctx;
+	struct xdp_arg_s s_arg;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rc;
+
+	/*
+	 * Create the structure if does not exist.
+	 */
+	if(!*sptr) {
+		*sptr = CALLOC(1, struct_size);
+		if(!*sptr) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	memset(&s_ctx, 0, sizeof(s_ctx));
+	s_arg.type_descriptor = td;
+	s_arg.struct_key = *sptr;
+	s_arg.prim_body_decoder = prim_body_decoder;
+	s_arg.decoded_something = 0;
+	s_arg.want_more = 0;
+
+	rc = xer_decode_general(opt_codec_ctx, &s_ctx, &s_arg,
+		xml_tag, buf_ptr, size,
+		xer_decode__unexpected_tag, xer_decode__primitive_body);
+	switch(rc.code) {
+	case RC_OK:
+		if(!s_arg.decoded_something) {
+			char ch;
+			ASN_DEBUG("Primitive body is not recognized, "
+				"supplying empty one");
+			/*
+			 * Decoding opportunity has come and gone.
+			 * Where's the result?
+			 * Try to feed with empty body, see if it eats it.
+			 */
+			if(prim_body_decoder(s_arg.type_descriptor,
+				s_arg.struct_key, &ch, 0)
+					!= XPBD_BODY_CONSUMED) {
+				/*
+				 * This decoder does not like empty stuff.
+				 */
+				_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+			}
+		}
+		break;
+	case RC_WMORE:
+		/*
+		 * Redo the whole thing later.
+		 * We don't have a context to save intermediate parsing state.
+		 */
+		rc.consumed = 0;
+		break;
+	case RC_FAIL:
+		rc.consumed = 0;
+		if(s_arg.want_more)
+			rc.code = RC_WMORE;
+		else
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+		break;
+	}
+	return rc;
+}
+
diff --git a/src/rspro/ber_decoder.c b/src/rspro/ber_decoder.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f99400
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/ber_decoder.c
@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+
+#undef	ADVANCE
+#define	ADVANCE(num_bytes)	do {					\
+		size_t num = num_bytes;					\
+		ptr = ((const char *)ptr) + num;			\
+		size -= num;						\
+		consumed_myself += num;					\
+	} while(0)
+#undef	RETURN
+#define	RETURN(_code)	do {						\
+		asn_dec_rval_t rval;					\
+		rval.code = _code;					\
+		if(opt_ctx) opt_ctx->step = step; /* Save context */	\
+		if(_code == RC_OK || opt_ctx)				\
+			rval.consumed = consumed_myself;		\
+		else							\
+			rval.consumed = 0;	/* Context-free */	\
+		return rval;						\
+	} while(0)
+
+/*
+ * The BER decoder of any type.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t
+ber_decode(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *type_descriptor,
+	void **struct_ptr, const void *ptr, size_t size) {
+	asn_codec_ctx_t s_codec_ctx;
+
+	/*
+	 * Stack checker requires that the codec context
+	 * must be allocated on the stack.
+	 */
+	if(opt_codec_ctx) {
+		if(opt_codec_ctx->max_stack_size) {
+			s_codec_ctx = *opt_codec_ctx;
+			opt_codec_ctx = &s_codec_ctx;
+		}
+	} else {
+		/* If context is not given, be security-conscious anyway */
+		memset(&s_codec_ctx, 0, sizeof(s_codec_ctx));
+		s_codec_ctx.max_stack_size = _ASN_DEFAULT_STACK_MAX;
+		opt_codec_ctx = &s_codec_ctx;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Invoke type-specific decoder.
+	 */
+	return type_descriptor->ber_decoder(opt_codec_ctx, type_descriptor,
+		struct_ptr,	/* Pointer to the destination structure */
+		ptr, size,	/* Buffer and its size */
+		0		/* Default tag mode is 0 */
+		);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check the set of <TL<TL<TL...>>> tags matches the definition.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t
+ber_check_tags(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+		asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, asn_struct_ctx_t *opt_ctx,
+		const void *ptr, size_t size, int tag_mode, int last_tag_form,
+		ber_tlv_len_t *last_length, int *opt_tlv_form) {
+	ssize_t consumed_myself = 0;
+	ssize_t tag_len;
+	ssize_t len_len;
+	ber_tlv_tag_t tlv_tag;
+	ber_tlv_len_t tlv_len;
+	ber_tlv_len_t limit_len = -1;
+	int expect_00_terminators = 0;
+	int tlv_constr = -1;	/* If CHOICE, opt_tlv_form is not given */
+	int step = opt_ctx ? opt_ctx->step : 0;	/* Where we left previously */
+	int tagno;
+
+	/*
+	 * Make sure we didn't exceed the maximum stack size.
+	 */
+	if(_ASN_STACK_OVERFLOW_CHECK(opt_codec_ctx))
+		RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+
+	/*
+	 * So what does all this implicit skip stuff mean?
+	 * Imagine two types,
+	 * 	A ::= [5] IMPLICIT	T
+	 * 	B ::= [2] EXPLICIT	T
+	 * Where T is defined as
+	 *	T ::= [4] IMPLICIT SEQUENCE { ... }
+	 * 
+	 * Let's say, we are starting to decode type A, given the
+	 * following TLV stream: <5> <0>. What does this mean?
+	 * It means that the type A contains type T which is,
+	 * in turn, empty.
+	 * Remember though, that we are still in A. We cannot
+	 * just pass control to the type T decoder. Why? Because
+	 * the type T decoder expects <4> <0>, not <5> <0>.
+	 * So, we must make sure we are going to receive <5> while
+	 * still in A, then pass control to the T decoder, indicating
+	 * that the tag <4> was implicitly skipped. The decoder of T
+	 * hence will be prepared to treat <4> as valid tag, and decode
+	 * it appropriately.
+	 */
+
+	tagno = step	/* Continuing where left previously */
+		+ (tag_mode==1?-1:0)
+		;
+	ASN_DEBUG("ber_check_tags(%s, size=%ld, tm=%d, step=%d, tagno=%d)",
+		td->name, (long)size, tag_mode, step, tagno);
+	/* assert(td->tags_count >= 1) May not be the case for CHOICE or ANY */
+
+	if(tag_mode == 0 && tagno == td->tags_count) {
+		/*
+		 * This must be the _untagged_ ANY type,
+		 * which outermost tag isn't known in advance.
+		 * Fetch the tag and length separately.
+		 */
+		tag_len = ber_fetch_tag(ptr, size, &tlv_tag);
+		switch(tag_len) {
+		case -1: RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		case 0: RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+		}
+		tlv_constr = BER_TLV_CONSTRUCTED(ptr);
+		len_len = ber_fetch_length(tlv_constr,
+			(const char *)ptr + tag_len, size - tag_len, &tlv_len);
+		switch(len_len) {
+		case -1: RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		case 0: RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+		}
+		ASN_DEBUG("Advancing %ld in ANY case",
+			(long)(tag_len + len_len));
+		ADVANCE(tag_len + len_len);
+	} else {
+		assert(tagno < td->tags_count);	/* At least one loop */
+	}
+	for((void)tagno; tagno < td->tags_count; tagno++, step++) {
+
+		/*
+		 * Fetch and process T from TLV.
+		 */
+		tag_len = ber_fetch_tag(ptr, size, &tlv_tag);
+			ASN_DEBUG("Fetching tag from {%p,%ld}: "
+				"len %ld, step %d, tagno %d got %s",
+				ptr, (long)size,
+				(long)tag_len, step, tagno,
+				ber_tlv_tag_string(tlv_tag));
+		switch(tag_len) {
+		case -1: RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		case 0: RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+		}
+
+		tlv_constr = BER_TLV_CONSTRUCTED(ptr);
+
+		/*
+		 * If {I}, don't check anything.
+		 * If {I,B,C}, check B and C unless we're at I.
+		 */
+		if(tag_mode != 0 && step == 0) {
+			/*
+			 * We don't expect tag to match here.
+			 * It's just because we don't know how the tag
+			 * is supposed to look like.
+			 */
+		} else {
+		    assert(tagno >= 0);	/* Guaranteed by the code above */
+		    if(tlv_tag != td->tags[tagno]) {
+			/*
+			 * Unexpected tag. Too bad.
+			 */
+		    	ASN_DEBUG("Expected: %s, "
+				"expectation failed (tn=%d, tm=%d)",
+				ber_tlv_tag_string(td->tags[tagno]),
+				tagno, tag_mode
+			);
+			RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		    }
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Attention: if there are more tags expected,
+		 * ensure that the current tag is presented
+		 * in constructed form (it contains other tags!).
+		 * If this one is the last one, check that the tag form
+		 * matches the one given in descriptor.
+		 */
+		if(tagno < (td->tags_count - 1)) {
+			if(tlv_constr == 0) {
+				ASN_DEBUG("tlv_constr = %d, expfail",
+					tlv_constr);
+				RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+			}
+		} else {
+			if(last_tag_form != tlv_constr
+			&& last_tag_form != -1) {
+				ASN_DEBUG("last_tag_form %d != %d",
+					last_tag_form, tlv_constr);
+				RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+			}
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Fetch and process L from TLV.
+		 */
+		len_len = ber_fetch_length(tlv_constr,
+			(const char *)ptr + tag_len, size - tag_len, &tlv_len);
+		ASN_DEBUG("Fetching len = %ld", (long)len_len);
+		switch(len_len) {
+		case -1: RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		case 0: RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * FIXME
+		 * As of today, the chain of tags
+		 * must either contain several indefinite length TLVs,
+		 * or several definite length ones.
+		 * No mixing is allowed.
+		 */
+		if(tlv_len == -1) {
+			/*
+			 * Indefinite length.
+			 */
+			if(limit_len == -1) {
+				expect_00_terminators++;
+			} else {
+				ASN_DEBUG("Unexpected indefinite length "
+					"in a chain of definite lengths");
+				RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+			}
+			ADVANCE(tag_len + len_len);
+			continue;
+		} else {
+			if(expect_00_terminators) {
+				ASN_DEBUG("Unexpected definite length "
+					"in a chain of indefinite lengths");
+				RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+			}
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Check that multiple TLVs specify ever decreasing length,
+		 * which is consistent.
+		 */
+		if(limit_len == -1) {
+			limit_len    = tlv_len + tag_len + len_len;
+			if(limit_len < 0) {
+				/* Too great tlv_len value? */
+				RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+			}
+		} else if(limit_len != tlv_len + tag_len + len_len) {
+			/*
+			 * Inner TLV specifies length which is inconsistent
+			 * with the outer TLV's length value.
+			 */
+			ASN_DEBUG("Outer TLV is %ld and inner is %ld",
+				(long)limit_len, (long)tlv_len);
+			RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		}
+
+		ADVANCE(tag_len + len_len);
+
+		limit_len -= (tag_len + len_len);
+		if((ssize_t)size > limit_len) {
+			/*
+			 * Make sure that we won't consume more bytes
+			 * from the parent frame than the inferred limit.
+			 */
+			size = limit_len;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if(opt_tlv_form)
+		*opt_tlv_form = tlv_constr;
+	if(expect_00_terminators)
+		*last_length = -expect_00_terminators;
+	else
+		*last_length = tlv_len;
+
+	RETURN(RC_OK);
+}
diff --git a/src/rspro/ber_tlv_length.c b/src/rspro/ber_tlv_length.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b87e75e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/ber_tlv_length.c
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+#include <ber_tlv_length.h>
+#include <ber_tlv_tag.h>
+
+ssize_t
+ber_fetch_length(int _is_constructed, const void *bufptr, size_t size,
+		ber_tlv_len_t *len_r) {
+	const uint8_t *buf = (const uint8_t *)bufptr;
+	unsigned oct;
+
+	if(size == 0)
+		return 0;	/* Want more */
+
+	oct = *(const uint8_t *)buf;
+	if((oct & 0x80) == 0) {
+		/*
+		 * Short definite length.
+		 */
+		*len_r = oct;	/* & 0x7F */
+		return 1;
+	} else {
+		ber_tlv_len_t len;
+		size_t skipped;
+
+		if(_is_constructed && oct == 0x80) {
+			*len_r = -1;	/* Indefinite length */
+			return 1;
+		}
+
+		if(oct == 0xff) {
+			/* Reserved in standard for future use. */
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		oct &= 0x7F;	/* Leave only the 7 LS bits */
+		for(len = 0, buf++, skipped = 1;
+			oct && (++skipped <= size); buf++, oct--) {
+
+			len = (len << 8) | *buf;
+			if(len < 0
+			|| (len >> ((8 * sizeof(len)) - 8) && oct > 1)) {
+				/*
+				 * Too large length value.
+				 */
+				return -1;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if(oct == 0) {
+			ber_tlv_len_t lenplusepsilon = (size_t)len + 1024;
+			/*
+			 * Here length may be very close or equal to 2G.
+			 * However, the arithmetics used in some decoders
+			 * may add some (small) quantities to the length,
+			 * to check the resulting value against some limits.
+			 * This may result in integer wrap-around, which
+			 * we try to avoid by checking it earlier here.
+			 */
+			if(lenplusepsilon < 0) {
+				/* Too large length value */
+				return -1;
+			}
+
+			*len_r = len;
+			return skipped;
+		}
+
+		return 0;	/* Want more */
+	}
+
+}
+
+ssize_t
+ber_skip_length(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+		int _is_constructed, const void *ptr, size_t size) {
+	ber_tlv_len_t vlen;	/* Length of V in TLV */
+	ssize_t tl;		/* Length of L in TLV */
+	ssize_t ll;		/* Length of L in TLV */
+	size_t skip;
+
+	/*
+	 * Make sure we didn't exceed the maximum stack size.
+	 */
+	if(_ASN_STACK_OVERFLOW_CHECK(opt_codec_ctx))
+		return -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Determine the size of L in TLV.
+	 */
+	ll = ber_fetch_length(_is_constructed, ptr, size, &vlen);
+	if(ll <= 0) return ll;
+
+	/*
+	 * Definite length.
+	 */
+	if(vlen >= 0) {
+		skip = ll + vlen;
+		if(skip > size)
+			return 0;	/* Want more */
+		return skip;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Indefinite length!
+	 */
+	ASN_DEBUG("Skipping indefinite length");
+	for(skip = ll, ptr = ((const char *)ptr) + ll, size -= ll;;) {
+		ber_tlv_tag_t tag;
+
+		/* Fetch the tag */
+		tl = ber_fetch_tag(ptr, size, &tag);
+		if(tl <= 0) return tl;
+
+		ll = ber_skip_length(opt_codec_ctx,
+			BER_TLV_CONSTRUCTED(ptr),
+			((const char *)ptr) + tl, size - tl);
+		if(ll <= 0) return ll;
+
+		skip += tl + ll;
+
+		/*
+		 * This may be the end of the indefinite length structure,
+		 * two consecutive 0 octets.
+		 * Check if it is true.
+		 */
+		if(((const uint8_t *)ptr)[0] == 0
+		&& ((const uint8_t *)ptr)[1] == 0)
+			return skip;
+
+		ptr = ((const char *)ptr) + tl + ll;
+		size -= tl + ll;
+ 	}
+
+	/* UNREACHABLE */
+}
+
+size_t
+der_tlv_length_serialize(ber_tlv_len_t len, void *bufp, size_t size) {
+	size_t required_size;	/* Size of len encoding */
+	uint8_t *buf = (uint8_t *)bufp;
+	uint8_t *end;
+	size_t i;
+
+	if(len <= 127) {
+		/* Encoded in 1 octet */
+		if(size) *buf = (uint8_t)len;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Compute the size of the subsequent bytes.
+	 */
+	for(required_size = 1, i = 8; i < 8 * sizeof(len); i += 8) {
+		if(len >> i)
+			required_size++;
+		else
+			break;
+	}
+
+	if(size <= required_size)
+		return required_size + 1;
+
+	*buf++ = (uint8_t)(0x80 | required_size);  /* Length of the encoding */
+
+	/*
+	 * Produce the len encoding, space permitting.
+	 */
+	end = buf + required_size;
+	for(i -= 8; buf < end; i -= 8, buf++)
+		*buf = (uint8_t)(len >> i);
+
+	return required_size + 1;
+}
+
diff --git a/src/rspro/ber_tlv_tag.c b/src/rspro/ber_tlv_tag.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4270876
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/ber_tlv_tag.c
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+#include <ber_tlv_tag.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+ssize_t
+ber_fetch_tag(const void *ptr, size_t size, ber_tlv_tag_t *tag_r) {
+	ber_tlv_tag_t val;
+	ber_tlv_tag_t tclass;
+	size_t skipped;
+
+	if(size == 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	val = *(const uint8_t *)ptr;
+	tclass = (val >> 6);
+	if((val &= 0x1F) != 0x1F) {
+		/*
+		 * Simple form: everything encoded in a single octet.
+		 * Tag Class is encoded using two least significant bits.
+		 */
+		*tag_r = (val << 2) | tclass;
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Each octet contains 7 bits of useful information.
+	 * The MSB is 0 if it is the last octet of the tag.
+	 */
+	for(val = 0, ptr = ((const char *)ptr) + 1, skipped = 2;
+			skipped <= size;
+				ptr = ((const char *)ptr) + 1, skipped++) {
+		unsigned int oct = *(const uint8_t *)ptr;
+		if(oct & 0x80) {
+			val = (val << 7) | (oct & 0x7F);
+			/*
+			 * Make sure there are at least 9 bits spare
+			 * at the MS side of a value.
+			 */
+			if(val >> ((8 * sizeof(val)) - 9)) {
+				/*
+				 * We would not be able to accomodate
+				 * any more tag bits.
+				 */
+				return -1;
+			}
+		} else {
+			val = (val << 7) | oct;
+			*tag_r = (val << 2) | tclass;
+			return skipped;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;	/* Want more */
+}
+
+
+ssize_t
+ber_tlv_tag_fwrite(ber_tlv_tag_t tag, FILE *f) {
+	char buf[sizeof("[APPLICATION ]") + 32];
+	ssize_t ret;
+
+	ret = ber_tlv_tag_snprint(tag, buf, sizeof(buf));
+	if(ret >= (ssize_t)sizeof(buf) || ret < 2) {
+		errno = EPERM;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return fwrite(buf, 1, ret, f);
+}
+
+ssize_t
+ber_tlv_tag_snprint(ber_tlv_tag_t tag, char *buf, size_t size) {
+	char *type = 0;
+	int ret;
+
+	switch(tag & 0x3) {
+	case ASN_TAG_CLASS_UNIVERSAL:	type = "UNIVERSAL ";	break;
+	case ASN_TAG_CLASS_APPLICATION:	type = "APPLICATION ";	break;
+	case ASN_TAG_CLASS_CONTEXT:	type = "";		break;
+	case ASN_TAG_CLASS_PRIVATE:	type = "PRIVATE ";	break;
+	}
+
+	ret = snprintf(buf, size, "[%s%u]", type, ((unsigned)tag) >> 2);
+	if(ret <= 0 && size) buf[0] = '\0';	/* against broken libc's */
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+char *
+ber_tlv_tag_string(ber_tlv_tag_t tag) {
+	static char buf[sizeof("[APPLICATION ]") + 32];
+
+	(void)ber_tlv_tag_snprint(tag, buf, sizeof(buf));
+
+	return buf;
+}
+
+
+size_t
+ber_tlv_tag_serialize(ber_tlv_tag_t tag, void *bufp, size_t size) {
+	int tclass = BER_TAG_CLASS(tag);
+	ber_tlv_tag_t tval = BER_TAG_VALUE(tag);
+	uint8_t *buf = (uint8_t *)bufp;
+	uint8_t *end;
+	size_t required_size;
+	size_t i;
+
+	if(tval <= 30) {
+		/* Encoded in 1 octet */
+		if(size) buf[0] = (tclass << 6) | tval;
+		return 1;
+	} else if(size) {
+		*buf++ = (tclass << 6) | 0x1F;
+		size--;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Compute the size of the subsequent bytes.
+	 */
+	for(required_size = 1, i = 7; i < 8 * sizeof(tval); i += 7) {
+		if(tval >> i)
+			required_size++;
+		else
+			break;
+	}
+
+	if(size < required_size)
+		return required_size + 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Fill in the buffer, space permitting.
+	 */
+	end = buf + required_size - 1;
+	for(i -= 7; buf < end; i -= 7, buf++)
+		*buf = 0x80 | ((tval >> i) & 0x7F);
+	*buf = (tval & 0x7F);	/* Last octet without high bit */
+
+	return required_size + 1;
+}
+
diff --git a/src/rspro/constr_CHOICE.c b/src/rspro/constr_CHOICE.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..18c24cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/constr_CHOICE.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1272 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+#include <constr_CHOICE.h>
+#include <per_opentype.h>
+
+/*
+ * Number of bytes left for this structure.
+ * (ctx->left) indicates the number of bytes _transferred_ for the structure.
+ * (size) contains the number of bytes in the buffer passed.
+ */
+#define	LEFT	((size<(size_t)ctx->left)?size:(size_t)ctx->left)
+
+/*
+ * If the subprocessor function returns with an indication that it wants
+ * more data, it may well be a fatal decoding problem, because the
+ * size is constrained by the <TLV>'s L, even if the buffer size allows
+ * reading more data.
+ * For example, consider the buffer containing the following TLVs:
+ * <T:5><L:1><V> <T:6>...
+ * The TLV length clearly indicates that one byte is expected in V, but
+ * if the V processor returns with "want more data" even if the buffer
+ * contains way more data than the V processor have seen.
+ */
+#define	SIZE_VIOLATION	(ctx->left >= 0 && (size_t)ctx->left <= size)
+
+/*
+ * This macro "eats" the part of the buffer which is definitely "consumed",
+ * i.e. was correctly converted into local representation or rightfully skipped.
+ */
+#undef	ADVANCE
+#define	ADVANCE(num_bytes)	do {		\
+		size_t num = num_bytes;		\
+		ptr = ((const char *)ptr) + num;\
+		size -= num;			\
+		if(ctx->left >= 0)		\
+			ctx->left -= num;	\
+		consumed_myself += num;		\
+	} while(0)
+
+/*
+ * Switch to the next phase of parsing.
+ */
+#undef	NEXT_PHASE
+#define	NEXT_PHASE(ctx)	do {			\
+		ctx->phase++;			\
+		ctx->step = 0;			\
+	} while(0)
+
+/*
+ * Return a standardized complex structure.
+ */
+#undef	RETURN
+#define	RETURN(_code)	do {			\
+		rval.code = _code;		\
+		rval.consumed = consumed_myself;\
+		return rval;			\
+	} while(0)
+
+/*
+ * See the definitions.
+ */
+static int _fetch_present_idx(const void *struct_ptr, int off, int size);
+static void _set_present_idx(void *sptr, int offset, int size, int pres);
+
+/*
+ * Tags are canonically sorted in the tag to member table.
+ */
+static int
+_search4tag(const void *ap, const void *bp) {
+	const asn_TYPE_tag2member_t *a = (const asn_TYPE_tag2member_t *)ap;
+	const asn_TYPE_tag2member_t *b = (const asn_TYPE_tag2member_t *)bp;
+
+	int a_class = BER_TAG_CLASS(a->el_tag);
+	int b_class = BER_TAG_CLASS(b->el_tag);
+
+	if(a_class == b_class) {
+		ber_tlv_tag_t a_value = BER_TAG_VALUE(a->el_tag);
+		ber_tlv_tag_t b_value = BER_TAG_VALUE(b->el_tag);
+
+		if(a_value == b_value)
+			return 0;
+		else if(a_value < b_value)
+			return -1;
+		else
+			return 1;
+	} else if(a_class < b_class) {
+		return -1;
+	} else {
+		return 1;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * The decoder of the CHOICE type.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t
+CHOICE_decode_ber(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	void **struct_ptr, const void *ptr, size_t size, int tag_mode) {
+	/*
+	 * Bring closer parts of structure description.
+	 */
+	asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *specs = (asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_TYPE_member_t *elements = td->elements;
+
+	/*
+	 * Parts of the structure being constructed.
+	 */
+	void *st = *struct_ptr;	/* Target structure. */
+	asn_struct_ctx_t *ctx;	/* Decoder context */
+
+	ber_tlv_tag_t tlv_tag;	/* T from TLV */
+	ssize_t tag_len;	/* Length of TLV's T */
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval;	/* Return code from subparsers */
+
+	ssize_t consumed_myself = 0;	/* Consumed bytes from ptr */
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Decoding %s as CHOICE", td->name);
+
+	/*
+	 * Create the target structure if it is not present already.
+	 */
+	if(st == 0) {
+		st = *struct_ptr = CALLOC(1, specs->struct_size);
+		if(st == 0) {
+			RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Restore parsing context.
+	 */
+	ctx = (asn_struct_ctx_t *)((char *)st + specs->ctx_offset);
+	
+	/*
+	 * Start to parse where left previously
+	 */
+	switch(ctx->phase) {
+	case 0:
+		/*
+		 * PHASE 0.
+		 * Check that the set of tags associated with given structure
+		 * perfectly fits our expectations.
+		 */
+
+		if(tag_mode || td->tags_count) {
+			rval = ber_check_tags(opt_codec_ctx, td, ctx, ptr, size,
+				tag_mode, -1, &ctx->left, 0);
+			if(rval.code != RC_OK) {
+				ASN_DEBUG("%s tagging check failed: %d",
+					td->name, rval.code);
+				return rval;
+			}
+
+			if(ctx->left >= 0) {
+				/* ?Substracted below! */
+				ctx->left += rval.consumed;
+			}
+			ADVANCE(rval.consumed);
+		} else {
+			ctx->left = -1;
+		}
+
+		NEXT_PHASE(ctx);
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("Structure consumes %ld bytes, buffer %ld",
+			(long)ctx->left, (long)size);
+
+		/* Fall through */
+	case 1:
+		/*
+		 * Fetch the T from TLV.
+		 */
+		tag_len = ber_fetch_tag(ptr, LEFT, &tlv_tag);
+		ASN_DEBUG("In %s CHOICE tag length %d", td->name, (int)tag_len);
+		switch(tag_len) {
+		case 0: if(!SIZE_VIOLATION) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+			/* Fall through */
+		case -1: RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		}
+
+		do {
+			const asn_TYPE_tag2member_t *t2m;
+			asn_TYPE_tag2member_t key;
+
+			key.el_tag = tlv_tag;
+			t2m = (const asn_TYPE_tag2member_t *)bsearch(&key,
+					specs->tag2el, specs->tag2el_count,
+					sizeof(specs->tag2el[0]), _search4tag);
+			if(t2m) {
+				/*
+				 * Found the element corresponding to the tag.
+				 */
+				NEXT_PHASE(ctx);
+				ctx->step = t2m->el_no;
+				break;
+			} else if(specs->ext_start == -1) {
+				ASN_DEBUG("Unexpected tag %s "
+					"in non-extensible CHOICE %s",
+					ber_tlv_tag_string(tlv_tag), td->name);
+				RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+			} else {
+				/* Skip this tag */
+				ssize_t skip;
+
+				ASN_DEBUG("Skipping unknown tag %s",
+					ber_tlv_tag_string(tlv_tag));
+
+				skip = ber_skip_length(opt_codec_ctx,
+					BER_TLV_CONSTRUCTED(ptr),
+					(const char *)ptr + tag_len,
+					LEFT - tag_len);
+
+				switch(skip) {
+				case 0: if(!SIZE_VIOLATION) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+					/* Fall through */
+				case -1: RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+				}
+
+				ADVANCE(skip + tag_len);
+				RETURN(RC_OK);
+			}
+		} while(0);
+
+	case 2:
+		/*
+		 * PHASE 2.
+		 * Read in the element.
+		 */
+	    do {
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm;/* CHOICE's element */
+		void *memb_ptr;		/* Pointer to the member */
+		void **memb_ptr2;	/* Pointer to that pointer */
+
+		elm = &elements[ctx->step];
+
+		/*
+		 * Compute the position of the member inside a structure,
+		 * and also a type of containment (it may be contained
+		 * as pointer or using inline inclusion).
+		 */
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			/* Member is a pointer to another structure */
+			memb_ptr2 = (void **)((char *)st + elm->memb_offset);
+		} else {
+			/*
+			 * A pointer to a pointer
+			 * holding the start of the structure
+			 */
+			memb_ptr = (char *)st + elm->memb_offset;
+			memb_ptr2 = &memb_ptr;
+		}
+		/* Set presence to be able to free it properly at any time */
+		_set_present_idx(st, specs->pres_offset,
+				specs->pres_size, ctx->step + 1);
+		/*
+		 * Invoke the member fetch routine according to member's type
+		 */
+		rval = elm->type->ber_decoder(opt_codec_ctx, elm->type,
+				memb_ptr2, ptr, LEFT, elm->tag_mode);
+		switch(rval.code) {
+		case RC_OK:
+			break;
+		case RC_WMORE: /* More data expected */
+			if(!SIZE_VIOLATION) {
+				ADVANCE(rval.consumed);
+				RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+			}
+			RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		case RC_FAIL: /* Fatal error */
+			RETURN(rval.code);
+		} /* switch(rval) */
+		
+		ADVANCE(rval.consumed);
+	  } while(0);
+
+		NEXT_PHASE(ctx);
+
+		/* Fall through */
+	case 3:
+		ASN_DEBUG("CHOICE %s Leftover: %ld, size = %ld, tm=%d, tc=%d",
+			td->name, (long)ctx->left, (long)size,
+			tag_mode, td->tags_count);
+
+		if(ctx->left > 0) {
+			/*
+			 * The type must be fully decoded
+			 * by the CHOICE member-specific decoder.
+			 */
+			RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		}
+
+		if(ctx->left == -1
+		&& !(tag_mode || td->tags_count)) {
+			/*
+			 * This is an untagged CHOICE.
+			 * It doesn't contain nothing
+			 * except for the member itself, including all its tags.
+			 * The decoding is completed.
+			 */
+			NEXT_PHASE(ctx);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Read in the "end of data chunks"'s.
+		 */
+		while(ctx->left < 0) {
+			ssize_t tl;
+
+			tl = ber_fetch_tag(ptr, LEFT, &tlv_tag);
+			switch(tl) {
+			case 0: if(!SIZE_VIOLATION) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+				/* Fall through */
+			case -1: RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+			}
+
+			/*
+			 * Expected <0><0>...
+			 */
+			if(((const uint8_t *)ptr)[0] == 0) {
+				if(LEFT < 2) {
+					if(SIZE_VIOLATION)
+						RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+					else
+						RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+				} else if(((const uint8_t *)ptr)[1] == 0) {
+					/*
+					 * Correctly finished with <0><0>.
+					 */
+					ADVANCE(2);
+					ctx->left++;
+					continue;
+				}
+			} else {
+				ASN_DEBUG("Unexpected continuation in %s",
+					td->name);
+				RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+			}
+
+			/* UNREACHABLE */
+		}
+
+		NEXT_PHASE(ctx);
+	case 4:
+		/* No meaningful work here */
+		break;
+	}
+	
+	RETURN(RC_OK);
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+CHOICE_encode_der(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
+		int tag_mode, ber_tlv_tag_t tag,
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *specs = (asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_TYPE_member_t *elm;	/* CHOICE element */
+	asn_enc_rval_t erval;
+	void *memb_ptr;
+	size_t computed_size = 0;
+	int present;
+
+	if(!sptr) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("%s %s as CHOICE",
+		cb?"Encoding":"Estimating", td->name);
+
+	present = _fetch_present_idx(sptr,
+		specs->pres_offset, specs->pres_size);
+
+	/*
+	 * If the structure was not initialized, it cannot be encoded:
+	 * can't deduce what to encode in the choice type.
+	 */
+	if(present <= 0 || present > td->elements_count) {
+		if(present == 0 && td->elements_count == 0) {
+			/* The CHOICE is empty?! */
+			erval.encoded = 0;
+			_ASN_ENCODED_OK(erval);
+		}
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Seek over the present member of the structure.
+	 */
+	elm = &td->elements[present-1];
+	if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+		memb_ptr = *(void **)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+		if(memb_ptr == 0) {
+			if(elm->optional) {
+				erval.encoded = 0;
+				_ASN_ENCODED_OK(erval);
+			}
+			/* Mandatory element absent */
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		}
+	} else {
+		memb_ptr = (void *)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If the CHOICE itself is tagged EXPLICIT:
+	 * T ::= [2] EXPLICIT CHOICE { ... }
+	 * Then emit the appropriate tags.
+	 */
+	if(tag_mode == 1 || td->tags_count) {
+		/*
+		 * For this, we need to pre-compute the member.
+		 */
+		ssize_t ret;
+
+		/* Encode member with its tag */
+		erval = elm->type->der_encoder(elm->type, memb_ptr,
+			elm->tag_mode, elm->tag, 0, 0);
+		if(erval.encoded == -1)
+			return erval;
+
+		/* Encode CHOICE with parent or my own tag */
+		ret = der_write_tags(td, erval.encoded, tag_mode, 1, tag,
+			cb, app_key);
+		if(ret == -1)
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		computed_size += ret;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Encode the single underlying member.
+	 */
+	erval = elm->type->der_encoder(elm->type, memb_ptr,
+		elm->tag_mode, elm->tag, cb, app_key);
+	if(erval.encoded == -1)
+		return erval;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Encoded CHOICE member in %ld bytes (+%ld)",
+		(long)erval.encoded, (long)computed_size);
+
+	erval.encoded += computed_size;
+
+	return erval;
+}
+
+ber_tlv_tag_t
+CHOICE_outmost_tag(const asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *ptr, int tag_mode, ber_tlv_tag_t tag) {
+	asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *specs = (asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	int present;
+
+	assert(tag_mode == 0); (void)tag_mode;
+	assert(tag == 0); (void)tag;
+
+	/*
+	 * Figure out which CHOICE element is encoded.
+	 */
+	present = _fetch_present_idx(ptr, specs->pres_offset, specs->pres_size);
+
+	if(present > 0 || present <= td->elements_count) {
+		const asn_TYPE_member_t *elm = &td->elements[present-1];
+		const void *memb_ptr;
+
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr = *(const void * const *)
+					((const char *)ptr + elm->memb_offset);
+		} else {
+			memb_ptr = (const void *)
+					((const char *)ptr + elm->memb_offset);
+		}
+
+		return asn_TYPE_outmost_tag(elm->type, memb_ptr,
+			elm->tag_mode, elm->tag);
+	} else {
+		return (ber_tlv_tag_t)-1;
+	}
+}
+
+int
+CHOICE_constraint(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr,
+		asn_app_constraint_failed_f *ctfailcb, void *app_key) {
+	asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *specs = (asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	int present;
+
+	if(!sptr) {
+		_ASN_CTFAIL(app_key, td, sptr,
+			"%s: value not given (%s:%d)",
+			td->name, __FILE__, __LINE__);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Figure out which CHOICE element is encoded.
+	 */
+	present = _fetch_present_idx(sptr, specs->pres_offset,specs->pres_size);
+	if(present > 0 && present <= td->elements_count) {
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm = &td->elements[present-1];
+		const void *memb_ptr;
+
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr = *(const void * const *)((const char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			if(!memb_ptr) {
+				if(elm->optional)
+					return 0;
+				_ASN_CTFAIL(app_key, td, sptr,
+					"%s: mandatory CHOICE element %s absent (%s:%d)",
+					td->name, elm->name, __FILE__, __LINE__);
+				return -1;
+			}
+		} else {
+			memb_ptr = (const void *)((const char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+		}
+
+		if(elm->memb_constraints) {
+			return elm->memb_constraints(elm->type, memb_ptr,
+				ctfailcb, app_key);
+		} else {
+			int ret = elm->type->check_constraints(elm->type,
+					memb_ptr, ctfailcb, app_key);
+			/*
+			 * Cannot inherit it eralier:
+			 * need to make sure we get the updated version.
+			 */
+			elm->memb_constraints = elm->type->check_constraints;
+			return ret;
+		}
+	} else {
+		_ASN_CTFAIL(app_key, td, sptr,
+			"%s: no CHOICE element given (%s:%d)",
+			td->name, __FILE__, __LINE__);
+		return -1;
+	}
+}
+
+#undef	XER_ADVANCE
+#define	XER_ADVANCE(num_bytes)	do {			\
+		size_t num = num_bytes;			\
+		buf_ptr = (const void *)(((const char *)buf_ptr) + num); \
+		size -= num;				\
+		consumed_myself += num;			\
+	} while(0)
+
+/*
+ * Decode the XER (XML) data.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t
+CHOICE_decode_xer(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	void **struct_ptr, const char *opt_mname,
+		const void *buf_ptr, size_t size) {
+	/*
+	 * Bring closer parts of structure description.
+	 */
+	asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *specs = (asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	const char *xml_tag = opt_mname ? opt_mname : td->xml_tag;
+
+	/*
+	 * Parts of the structure being constructed.
+	 */
+	void *st = *struct_ptr;	/* Target structure. */
+	asn_struct_ctx_t *ctx;	/* Decoder context */
+
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval;		/* Return value of a decoder */
+	ssize_t consumed_myself = 0;	/* Consumed bytes from ptr */
+	int edx;			/* Element index */
+
+	/*
+	 * Create the target structure if it is not present already.
+	 */
+	if(st == 0) {
+		st = *struct_ptr = CALLOC(1, specs->struct_size);
+		if(st == 0) RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Restore parsing context.
+	 */
+	ctx = (asn_struct_ctx_t *)((char *)st + specs->ctx_offset);
+	if(ctx->phase == 0 && !*xml_tag)
+		ctx->phase = 1;	/* Skip the outer tag checking phase */
+
+	/*
+	 * Phases of XER/XML processing:
+	 * Phase 0: Check that the opening tag matches our expectations.
+	 * Phase 1: Processing body and reacting on closing tag.
+	 * Phase 2: Processing inner type.
+	 * Phase 3: Only waiting for closing tag.
+	 * Phase 4: Skipping unknown extensions.
+	 * Phase 5: PHASED OUT
+	 */
+	for(edx = ctx->step; ctx->phase <= 4;) {
+		pxer_chunk_type_e ch_type;	/* XER chunk type */
+		ssize_t ch_size;		/* Chunk size */
+		xer_check_tag_e tcv;		/* Tag check value */
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm;
+
+		/*
+		 * Go inside the member.
+		 */
+		if(ctx->phase == 2) {
+			asn_dec_rval_t tmprval;
+			void *memb_ptr;		/* Pointer to the member */
+			void **memb_ptr2;	/* Pointer to that pointer */
+
+			elm = &td->elements[edx];
+
+			if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+				/* Member is a pointer to another structure */
+				memb_ptr2 = (void **)((char *)st
+					+ elm->memb_offset);
+			} else {
+				memb_ptr = (char *)st + elm->memb_offset;
+				memb_ptr2 = &memb_ptr;
+			}
+
+			/* Start/Continue decoding the inner member */
+			tmprval = elm->type->xer_decoder(opt_codec_ctx,
+					elm->type, memb_ptr2, elm->name,
+					buf_ptr, size);
+			XER_ADVANCE(tmprval.consumed);
+			ASN_DEBUG("XER/CHOICE: itdf: [%s] code=%d",
+				elm->type->name, tmprval.code);
+			if(tmprval.code != RC_OK)
+				RETURN(tmprval.code);
+			assert(_fetch_present_idx(st,
+				specs->pres_offset, specs->pres_size) == 0);
+			/* Record what we've got */
+			_set_present_idx(st,
+				specs->pres_offset, specs->pres_size, edx + 1);
+			ctx->phase = 3;
+			/* Fall through */
+		}
+
+		/* No need to wait for closing tag; special mode. */
+		if(ctx->phase == 3 && !*xml_tag) {
+			ctx->phase = 5;	/* Phase out */
+			RETURN(RC_OK);
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Get the next part of the XML stream.
+		 */
+		ch_size = xer_next_token(&ctx->context, buf_ptr, size, &ch_type);
+		switch(ch_size) {
+		case -1: RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		case 0:  RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+		default:
+			switch(ch_type) {
+			case PXER_COMMENT:	/* Got XML comment */
+			case PXER_TEXT:		/* Ignore free-standing text */
+				XER_ADVANCE(ch_size);	/* Skip silently */
+				continue;
+			case PXER_TAG:
+				break;	/* Check the rest down there */
+			}
+		}
+
+		tcv = xer_check_tag(buf_ptr, ch_size, xml_tag);
+		ASN_DEBUG("XER/CHOICE checked [%c%c%c%c] vs [%s], tcv=%d",
+			ch_size>0?((const uint8_t *)buf_ptr)[0]:'?',
+			ch_size>1?((const uint8_t *)buf_ptr)[1]:'?',
+			ch_size>2?((const uint8_t *)buf_ptr)[2]:'?',
+			ch_size>3?((const uint8_t *)buf_ptr)[3]:'?',
+		xml_tag, tcv);
+
+		/* Skip the extensions section */
+		if(ctx->phase == 4) {
+			ASN_DEBUG("skip_unknown(%d, %ld)",
+				tcv, (long)ctx->left);
+			switch(xer_skip_unknown(tcv, &ctx->left)) {
+			case -1:
+				ctx->phase = 5;
+				RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+				continue;
+			case 1:
+				ctx->phase = 3;
+				/* Fall through */
+			case 0:
+				XER_ADVANCE(ch_size);
+				continue;
+			case 2:
+				ctx->phase = 3;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		switch(tcv) {
+		case XCT_BOTH:
+			break;	/* No CHOICE? */
+		case XCT_CLOSING:
+			if(ctx->phase != 3)
+				break;
+			XER_ADVANCE(ch_size);
+			ctx->phase = 5;	/* Phase out */
+			RETURN(RC_OK);
+		case XCT_OPENING:
+			if(ctx->phase == 0) {
+				XER_ADVANCE(ch_size);
+				ctx->phase = 1;	/* Processing body phase */
+				continue;
+			}
+			/* Fall through */
+		case XCT_UNKNOWN_OP:
+		case XCT_UNKNOWN_BO:
+
+			if(ctx->phase != 1)
+				break;	/* Really unexpected */
+
+			/*
+			 * Search which inner member corresponds to this tag.
+			 */
+			for(edx = 0; edx < td->elements_count; edx++) {
+				elm = &td->elements[edx];
+				tcv = xer_check_tag(buf_ptr,ch_size,elm->name);
+				switch(tcv) {
+				case XCT_BOTH:
+				case XCT_OPENING:
+					/*
+					 * Process this member.
+					 */
+					ctx->step = edx;
+					ctx->phase = 2;
+					break;
+				case XCT_UNKNOWN_OP:
+				case XCT_UNKNOWN_BO:
+					continue;
+				default:
+					edx = td->elements_count;
+					break;	/* Phase out */
+				}
+				break;
+			}
+			if(edx != td->elements_count)
+				continue;
+
+			/* It is expected extension */
+			if(specs->ext_start != -1) {
+				ASN_DEBUG("Got anticipated extension");
+				/*
+				 * Check for (XCT_BOTH or XCT_UNKNOWN_BO)
+				 * By using a mask. Only record a pure
+				 * <opening> tags.
+				 */
+				if(tcv & XCT_CLOSING) {
+					/* Found </extension> without body */
+					ctx->phase = 3; /* Terminating */
+				} else {
+					ctx->left = 1;
+					ctx->phase = 4; /* Skip ...'s */
+				}
+				XER_ADVANCE(ch_size);
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			/* Fall through */
+		default:
+			break;
+		}
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("Unexpected XML tag [%c%c%c%c] in CHOICE [%s]"
+			" (ph=%d, tag=%s)",
+			ch_size>0?((const uint8_t *)buf_ptr)[0]:'?',
+			ch_size>1?((const uint8_t *)buf_ptr)[1]:'?',
+			ch_size>2?((const uint8_t *)buf_ptr)[2]:'?',
+			ch_size>3?((const uint8_t *)buf_ptr)[3]:'?',
+			td->name, ctx->phase, xml_tag);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	ctx->phase = 5;	/* Phase out, just in case */
+	RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+}
+
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+CHOICE_encode_xer(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
+	int ilevel, enum xer_encoder_flags_e flags,
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *specs=(asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+	int present;
+
+	if(!sptr)
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	/*
+	 * Figure out which CHOICE element is encoded.
+	 */
+	present = _fetch_present_idx(sptr, specs->pres_offset,specs->pres_size);
+
+	if(present <= 0 || present > td->elements_count) {
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	}  else {
+		asn_enc_rval_t tmper;
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm = &td->elements[present-1];
+		void *memb_ptr;
+		const char *mname = elm->name;
+		unsigned int mlen = strlen(mname);
+
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr = *(void **)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			if(!memb_ptr) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		} else {
+			memb_ptr = (void *)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+		}
+
+		er.encoded = 0;
+
+                if(!(flags & XER_F_CANONICAL)) _i_ASN_TEXT_INDENT(1, ilevel);
+		_ASN_CALLBACK3("<", 1, mname, mlen, ">", 1);
+
+		tmper = elm->type->xer_encoder(elm->type, memb_ptr,
+				ilevel + 1, flags, cb, app_key);
+		if(tmper.encoded == -1) return tmper;
+
+		_ASN_CALLBACK3("</", 2, mname, mlen, ">", 1);
+
+		er.encoded += 5 + (2 * mlen) + tmper.encoded;
+	}
+
+	if(!(flags & XER_F_CANONICAL)) _i_ASN_TEXT_INDENT(1, ilevel - 1);
+
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+cb_failed:
+	_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+}
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+CHOICE_decode_uper(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+	asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *specs = (asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rv;
+	asn_per_constraint_t *ct;
+	asn_TYPE_member_t *elm;	/* CHOICE's element */
+	void *memb_ptr;
+	void **memb_ptr2;
+	void *st = *sptr;
+	int value;
+
+	if(_ASN_STACK_OVERFLOW_CHECK(opt_codec_ctx))
+		_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+
+	/*
+	 * Create the target structure if it is not present already.
+	 */
+	if(!st) {
+		st = *sptr = CALLOC(1, specs->struct_size);
+		if(!st) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	if(constraints) ct = &constraints->value;
+	else if(td->per_constraints) ct = &td->per_constraints->value;
+	else ct = 0;
+
+	if(ct && ct->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE) {
+		value = per_get_few_bits(pd, 1);
+		if(value < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		if(value) ct = 0;	/* Not restricted */
+	}
+
+	if(ct && ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+		value = per_get_few_bits(pd, ct->range_bits);
+		if(value < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		ASN_DEBUG("CHOICE %s got index %d in range %d",
+			td->name, value, ct->range_bits);
+		if(value > ct->upper_bound)
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	} else {
+		if(specs->ext_start == -1)
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+		value = uper_get_nsnnwn(pd);
+		if(value < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		value += specs->ext_start;
+		if(value >= td->elements_count)
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	/* Adjust if canonical order is different from natural order */
+	if(specs->canonical_order)
+		value = specs->canonical_order[value];
+
+	/* Set presence to be able to free it later */
+	_set_present_idx(st, specs->pres_offset, specs->pres_size, value + 1);
+
+	elm = &td->elements[value];
+	if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+		/* Member is a pointer to another structure */
+		memb_ptr2 = (void **)((char *)st + elm->memb_offset);
+	} else {
+		memb_ptr = (char *)st + elm->memb_offset;
+		memb_ptr2 = &memb_ptr;
+	}
+	ASN_DEBUG("Discovered CHOICE %s encodes %s", td->name, elm->name);
+
+	if(ct && ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+		rv = elm->type->uper_decoder(opt_codec_ctx, elm->type,
+			elm->per_constraints, memb_ptr2, pd);
+	} else {
+		rv = uper_open_type_get(opt_codec_ctx, elm->type,
+			elm->per_constraints, memb_ptr2, pd);
+	}
+
+	if(rv.code != RC_OK)
+		ASN_DEBUG("Failed to decode %s in %s (CHOICE) %d",
+			elm->name, td->name, rv.code);
+	return rv;
+}
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+CHOICE_decode_aper(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+	asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *specs = (asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rv;
+	asn_per_constraint_t *ct;
+	asn_TYPE_member_t *elm;	/* CHOICE's element */
+	void *memb_ptr;
+	void **memb_ptr2;
+	void *st = *sptr;
+	int value;
+
+	if(_ASN_STACK_OVERFLOW_CHECK(opt_codec_ctx))
+		_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+
+	/*
+	 * Create the target structure if it is not present already.
+	 */
+	if(!st) {
+		st = *sptr = CALLOC(1, specs->struct_size);
+		if(!st) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	if(constraints) ct = &constraints->value;
+	else if(td->per_constraints) ct = &td->per_constraints->value;
+	else ct = 0;
+
+	if(ct && ct->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE) {
+		value = per_get_few_bits(pd, 1);
+		if(value < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		if(value) ct = 0;	/* Not restricted */
+	}
+
+	if(ct && ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+		value = per_get_few_bits(pd, ct->range_bits);
+		if(value < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		ASN_DEBUG("CHOICE %s got index %d in range %d",
+			td->name, value, ct->range_bits);
+		if(value > ct->upper_bound)
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	} else {
+		if(specs->ext_start == -1)
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+		value = uper_get_nsnnwn(pd);
+		if(value < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		value += specs->ext_start;
+		if(value >= td->elements_count)
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	/* Adjust if canonical order is different from natural order */
+	if(specs->canonical_order)
+		value = specs->canonical_order[value];
+
+	/* Set presence to be able to free it later */
+	_set_present_idx(st, specs->pres_offset, specs->pres_size, value + 1);
+
+	elm = &td->elements[value];
+	if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+		/* Member is a pointer to another structure */
+		memb_ptr2 = (void **)((char *)st + elm->memb_offset);
+	} else {
+		memb_ptr = (char *)st + elm->memb_offset;
+		memb_ptr2 = &memb_ptr;
+	}
+	ASN_DEBUG("Discovered CHOICE %s encodes %s", td->name, elm->name);
+
+	if(ct && ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+		rv = elm->type->aper_decoder(opt_codec_ctx, elm->type,
+			elm->per_constraints, memb_ptr2, pd);
+	} else {
+		rv = uper_open_type_get(opt_codec_ctx, elm->type,
+			elm->per_constraints, memb_ptr2, pd);
+	}
+
+	if(rv.code != RC_OK)
+		ASN_DEBUG("Failed to decode %s in %s (CHOICE) %d",
+			elm->name, td->name, rv.code);
+	return rv;
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+CHOICE_encode_uper(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_per_outp_t *po) {
+	asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *specs = (asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_TYPE_member_t *elm;	/* CHOICE's element */
+	asn_per_constraint_t *ct;
+	void *memb_ptr;
+	int present;
+	int present_enc;
+
+	if(!sptr) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+        ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %s as CHOICE using UPER", td->name);
+
+	if(constraints) ct = &constraints->value;
+	else if(td->per_constraints) ct = &td->per_constraints->value;
+	else ct = 0;
+
+	present = _fetch_present_idx(sptr,
+		specs->pres_offset, specs->pres_size);
+
+	/*
+	 * If the structure was not initialized properly, it cannot be encoded:
+	 * can't deduce what to encode in the choice type.
+	 */
+	if(present <= 0 || present > td->elements_count)
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	else
+		present--;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %s CHOICE element %d", td->name, present);
+
+	/* Adjust if canonical order is different from natural order */
+	if(specs->canonical_order)
+		present_enc = specs->canonical_order[present];
+	else
+		present_enc = present;
+
+	if(ct && ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+		if(present_enc < ct->lower_bound
+		|| present_enc > ct->upper_bound) {
+			if(ct->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE) {
+				if(per_put_few_bits(po, 1, 1))
+					_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+			} else {
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+			}
+			ct = 0;
+		}
+	}
+	if(ct && ct->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE)
+		if(per_put_few_bits(po, 0, 1))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	elm = &td->elements[present];
+	if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+		/* Member is a pointer to another structure */
+		memb_ptr = *(void **)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+		if(!memb_ptr) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	} else {
+		memb_ptr = (char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset;
+	}
+
+	if(ct && ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+		if(per_put_few_bits(po, present_enc, ct->range_bits))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+		return elm->type->uper_encoder(elm->type, elm->per_constraints,
+			memb_ptr, po);
+	} else {
+		asn_enc_rval_t rval;
+		if(specs->ext_start == -1)
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		if(uper_put_nsnnwn(po, present_enc - specs->ext_start))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		if(uper_open_type_put(elm->type, elm->per_constraints,
+			memb_ptr, po))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		rval.encoded = 0;
+		_ASN_ENCODED_OK(rval);
+	}
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+CHOICE_encode_aper(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+				   asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_per_outp_t *po) {
+	asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *specs = (asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_TYPE_member_t *elm; /* CHOICE's element */
+	asn_per_constraint_t *ct;
+	void *memb_ptr;
+	int present;
+
+	if(!sptr) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %s as CHOICE using ALIGNED PER", td->name);
+
+	if(constraints) ct = &constraints->value;
+	else if(td->per_constraints) ct = &td->per_constraints->value;
+	else ct = 0;
+
+	present = _fetch_present_idx(sptr,
+								 specs->pres_offset, specs->pres_size);
+
+	/*
+	 * If the structure was not initialized properly, it cannot be encoded:
+	 * can't deduce what to encode in the choice type.
+	 */
+	if(present <= 0 || present > td->elements_count)
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	else
+		present--;
+
+	/* Adjust if canonical order is different from natural order */
+	if(specs->canonical_order)
+		present = specs->canonical_order[present];
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %s CHOICE element %d", td->name, present);
+
+	if(ct && ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+		if(present < ct->lower_bound
+			|| present > ct->upper_bound) {
+			if(ct->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE) {
+				if(per_put_few_bits(po, 1, 1))
+					_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+			} else {
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+			}
+			ct = 0;
+			}
+	}
+	if(ct && ct->flags & APC_EXTENSIBLE) {
+		if(per_put_few_bits(po, 0, 1))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	elm = &td->elements[present];
+	if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+		/* Member is a pointer to another structure */
+		memb_ptr = *(void **)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+		if(!memb_ptr) _ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	} else {
+		memb_ptr = (char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset;
+	}
+
+	if(ct && ct->range_bits >= 0) {
+		if(per_put_few_bits(po, present, ct->range_bits))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+			return elm->type->aper_encoder(elm->type, elm->per_constraints,
+										   memb_ptr, po);
+	} else {
+		asn_enc_rval_t rval;
+		if(specs->ext_start == -1)
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		if(aper_put_nsnnwn(po, ct->range_bits, present - specs->ext_start))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		if(aper_open_type_put(elm->type, elm->per_constraints,
+			memb_ptr, po))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+		rval.encoded = 0;
+		_ASN_ENCODED_OK(rval);
+	}
+}
+
+int
+CHOICE_print(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr, int ilevel,
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *specs = (asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	int present;
+
+	if(!sptr) return (cb("<absent>", 8, app_key) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Figure out which CHOICE element is encoded.
+	 */
+	present = _fetch_present_idx(sptr, specs->pres_offset,specs->pres_size);
+
+	/*
+	 * Print that element.
+	 */
+	if(present > 0 && present <= td->elements_count) {
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm = &td->elements[present-1];
+		const void *memb_ptr;
+
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr = *(const void * const *)((const char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			if(!memb_ptr) return (cb("<absent>", 8, app_key) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
+		} else {
+			memb_ptr = (const void *)((const char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+		}
+
+		/* Print member's name and stuff */
+		if(cb(elm->name, strlen(elm->name), app_key) < 0
+		|| cb(": ", 2, app_key) < 0)
+			return -1;
+
+		return elm->type->print_struct(elm->type, memb_ptr, ilevel,
+			cb, app_key);
+	} else {
+		return (cb("<absent>", 8, app_key) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
+	}
+}
+
+void
+CHOICE_free(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *ptr, int contents_only) {
+	asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *specs = (asn_CHOICE_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	int present;
+
+	if(!td || !ptr)
+		return;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Freeing %s as CHOICE", td->name);
+
+	/*
+	 * Figure out which CHOICE element is encoded.
+	 */
+	present = _fetch_present_idx(ptr, specs->pres_offset, specs->pres_size);
+
+	/*
+	 * Free that element.
+	 */
+	if(present > 0 && present <= td->elements_count) {
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm = &td->elements[present-1];
+		void *memb_ptr;
+
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr = *(void **)((char *)ptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			if(memb_ptr)
+				ASN_STRUCT_FREE(*elm->type, memb_ptr);
+		} else {
+			memb_ptr = (void *)((char *)ptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			ASN_STRUCT_FREE_CONTENTS_ONLY(*elm->type, memb_ptr);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if(!contents_only) {
+		FREEMEM(ptr);
+	}
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * The following functions functions offer protection against -fshort-enums,
+ * compatible with little- and big-endian machines.
+ * If assertion is triggered, either disable -fshort-enums, or add an entry
+ * here with the ->pres_size of your target stracture.
+ * Unless the target structure is packed, the ".present" member
+ * is guaranteed to be aligned properly. ASN.1 compiler itself does not
+ * produce packed code.
+ */
+static int
+_fetch_present_idx(const void *struct_ptr, int pres_offset, int pres_size) {
+	const void *present_ptr;
+	int present;
+
+	present_ptr = ((const char *)struct_ptr) + pres_offset;
+
+	switch(pres_size) {
+	case sizeof(int):	present =   *(const int *)present_ptr; break;
+	case sizeof(short):	present = *(const short *)present_ptr; break;
+	case sizeof(char):	present =  *(const char *)present_ptr; break;
+	default:
+		/* ANSI C mandates enum to be equivalent to integer */
+		assert(pres_size != sizeof(int));
+		return 0;	/* If not aborted, pass back safe value */
+	}
+
+	return present;
+}
+
+static void
+_set_present_idx(void *struct_ptr, int pres_offset, int pres_size, int present) {
+	void *present_ptr;
+	present_ptr = ((char *)struct_ptr) + pres_offset;
+
+	switch(pres_size) {
+	case sizeof(int):	*(int *)present_ptr   = present; break;
+	case sizeof(short):	*(short *)present_ptr = present; break;
+	case sizeof(char):	*(char *)present_ptr  = present; break;
+	default:
+		/* ANSI C mandates enum to be equivalent to integer */
+		assert(pres_size != sizeof(int));
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/rspro/constr_SEQUENCE.c b/src/rspro/constr_SEQUENCE.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..21e5190
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/constr_SEQUENCE.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1762 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+#include <constr_SEQUENCE.h>
+#include <per_opentype.h>
+
+/*
+ * Number of bytes left for this structure.
+ * (ctx->left) indicates the number of bytes _transferred_ for the structure.
+ * (size) contains the number of bytes in the buffer passed.
+ */
+#define	LEFT	((size<(size_t)ctx->left)?size:(size_t)ctx->left)
+
+/*
+ * If the subprocessor function returns with an indication that it wants
+ * more data, it may well be a fatal decoding problem, because the
+ * size is constrained by the <TLV>'s L, even if the buffer size allows
+ * reading more data.
+ * For example, consider the buffer containing the following TLVs:
+ * <T:5><L:1><V> <T:6>...
+ * The TLV length clearly indicates that one byte is expected in V, but
+ * if the V processor returns with "want more data" even if the buffer
+ * contains way more data than the V processor have seen.
+ */
+#define	SIZE_VIOLATION	(ctx->left >= 0 && (size_t)ctx->left <= size)
+
+/*
+ * This macro "eats" the part of the buffer which is definitely "consumed",
+ * i.e. was correctly converted into local representation or rightfully skipped.
+ */
+#undef	ADVANCE
+#define	ADVANCE(num_bytes)	do {		\
+		size_t num = num_bytes;		\
+		ptr = ((const char *)ptr) + num; \
+		size -= num;			\
+		if(ctx->left >= 0)		\
+			ctx->left -= num;	\
+		consumed_myself += num;		\
+	} while(0)
+
+/*
+ * Switch to the next phase of parsing.
+ */
+#undef	NEXT_PHASE
+#undef	PHASE_OUT
+#define	NEXT_PHASE(ctx)	do {			\
+		ctx->phase++;			\
+		ctx->step = 0;			\
+	} while(0)
+#define	PHASE_OUT(ctx)	do { ctx->phase = 10; } while(0)
+
+/*
+ * Return a standardized complex structure.
+ */
+#undef	RETURN
+#define	RETURN(_code)	do {			\
+		rval.code = _code;		\
+		rval.consumed = consumed_myself;\
+		return rval;			\
+	} while(0)
+
+/*
+ * Check whether we are inside the extensions group.
+ */
+#define	IN_EXTENSION_GROUP(specs, memb_idx)	\
+	( ((memb_idx) > (specs)->ext_after)	\
+	&&((memb_idx) < (specs)->ext_before))
+
+
+/*
+ * Tags are canonically sorted in the tag2element map.
+ */
+static int
+_t2e_cmp(const void *ap, const void *bp) {
+	const asn_TYPE_tag2member_t *a = (const asn_TYPE_tag2member_t *)ap;
+	const asn_TYPE_tag2member_t *b = (const asn_TYPE_tag2member_t *)bp;
+
+	int a_class = BER_TAG_CLASS(a->el_tag);
+	int b_class = BER_TAG_CLASS(b->el_tag);
+
+	if(a_class == b_class) {
+		ber_tlv_tag_t a_value = BER_TAG_VALUE(a->el_tag);
+		ber_tlv_tag_t b_value = BER_TAG_VALUE(b->el_tag);
+
+		if(a_value == b_value) {
+			if(a->el_no > b->el_no)
+				return 1;
+			/*
+			 * Important: we do not check
+			 * for a->el_no <= b->el_no!
+			 */
+			return 0;
+		} else if(a_value < b_value)
+			return -1;
+		else
+			return 1;
+	} else if(a_class < b_class) {
+		return -1;
+	} else {
+		return 1;
+	}
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * The decoder of the SEQUENCE type.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t
+SEQUENCE_decode_ber(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	void **struct_ptr, const void *ptr, size_t size, int tag_mode) {
+	/*
+	 * Bring closer parts of structure description.
+	 */
+	asn_SEQUENCE_specifics_t *specs = (asn_SEQUENCE_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_TYPE_member_t *elements = td->elements;
+
+	/*
+	 * Parts of the structure being constructed.
+	 */
+	void *st = *struct_ptr;	/* Target structure. */
+	asn_struct_ctx_t *ctx;	/* Decoder context */
+
+	ber_tlv_tag_t tlv_tag;	/* T from TLV */
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval;	/* Return code from subparsers */
+
+	ssize_t consumed_myself = 0;	/* Consumed bytes from ptr */
+	int edx;			/* SEQUENCE element's index */
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Decoding %s as SEQUENCE", td->name);
+	
+	/*
+	 * Create the target structure if it is not present already.
+	 */
+	if(st == 0) {
+		st = *struct_ptr = CALLOC(1, specs->struct_size);
+		if(st == 0) {
+			RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Restore parsing context.
+	 */
+	ctx = (asn_struct_ctx_t *)((char *)st + specs->ctx_offset);
+	
+	/*
+	 * Start to parse where left previously
+	 */
+	switch(ctx->phase) {
+	case 0:
+		/*
+		 * PHASE 0.
+		 * Check that the set of tags associated with given structure
+		 * perfectly fits our expectations.
+		 */
+
+		rval = ber_check_tags(opt_codec_ctx, td, ctx, ptr, size,
+			tag_mode, 1, &ctx->left, 0);
+		if(rval.code != RC_OK) {
+			ASN_DEBUG("%s tagging check failed: %d",
+				td->name, rval.code);
+			return rval;
+		}
+
+		if(ctx->left >= 0)
+			ctx->left += rval.consumed; /* ?Substracted below! */
+		ADVANCE(rval.consumed);
+
+		NEXT_PHASE(ctx);
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("Structure consumes %ld bytes, buffer %ld",
+			(long)ctx->left, (long)size);
+
+		/* Fall through */
+	case 1:
+		/*
+		 * PHASE 1.
+		 * From the place where we've left it previously,
+		 * try to decode the next member from the list of
+		 * this structure's elements.
+		 * (ctx->step) stores the member being processed
+		 * between invocations and the microphase {0,1} of parsing
+		 * that member:
+		 * 	step = (<member_number> * 2 + <microphase>).
+		 */
+	  for(edx = (ctx->step >> 1); edx < td->elements_count;
+			edx++, ctx->step = (ctx->step & ~1) + 2) {
+		void *memb_ptr;		/* Pointer to the member */
+		void **memb_ptr2;	/* Pointer to that pointer */
+		ssize_t tag_len;	/* Length of TLV's T */
+		int opt_edx_end;	/* Next non-optional element */
+		int use_bsearch;
+		int n;
+
+		if(ctx->step & 1)
+			goto microphase2;
+
+		/*
+		 * MICROPHASE 1: Synchronize decoding.
+		 */
+		ASN_DEBUG("In %s SEQUENCE left %d, edx=%d flags=%d"
+				" opt=%d ec=%d",
+			td->name, (int)ctx->left, edx,
+			elements[edx].flags, elements[edx].optional,
+			td->elements_count);
+
+		if(ctx->left == 0	/* No more stuff is expected */
+		&& (
+			/* Explicit OPTIONAL specification reaches the end */
+			(edx + elements[edx].optional
+					== td->elements_count)
+			||
+			/* All extensions are optional */
+			(IN_EXTENSION_GROUP(specs, edx)
+				&& specs->ext_before > td->elements_count)
+		   )
+		) {
+			ASN_DEBUG("End of SEQUENCE %s", td->name);
+			/*
+			 * Found the legitimate end of the structure.
+			 */
+			PHASE_OUT(ctx);
+			RETURN(RC_OK);
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Fetch the T from TLV.
+		 */
+		tag_len = ber_fetch_tag(ptr, LEFT, &tlv_tag);
+		ASN_DEBUG("Current tag in %s SEQUENCE for element %d "
+			"(%s) is %s encoded in %d bytes, of frame %ld",
+			td->name, edx, elements[edx].name,
+			ber_tlv_tag_string(tlv_tag), (int)tag_len, (long)LEFT);
+		switch(tag_len) {
+		case 0: if(!SIZE_VIOLATION) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+			/* Fall through */
+		case -1: RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		}
+
+		if(ctx->left < 0 && ((const uint8_t *)ptr)[0] == 0) {
+			if(LEFT < 2) {
+				if(SIZE_VIOLATION)
+					RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+				else
+					RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+			} else if(((const uint8_t *)ptr)[1] == 0) {
+			ASN_DEBUG("edx = %d, opt = %d, ec=%d",
+				edx, elements[edx].optional,
+				td->elements_count);
+				if((edx + elements[edx].optional
+					== td->elements_count)
+				|| (IN_EXTENSION_GROUP(specs, edx)
+					&& specs->ext_before
+						> td->elements_count)) {
+					/*
+					 * Yeah, baby! Found the terminator
+					 * of the indefinite length structure.
+					 */
+					/*
+					 * Proceed to the canonical
+					 * finalization function.
+					 * No advancing is necessary.
+					 */
+					goto phase3;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Find the next available type with this tag.
+		 */
+		use_bsearch = 0;
+		opt_edx_end = edx + elements[edx].optional + 1;
+		if(opt_edx_end > td->elements_count)
+			opt_edx_end = td->elements_count;	/* Cap */
+		else if(opt_edx_end - edx > 8) {
+			/* Limit the scope of linear search... */
+			opt_edx_end = edx + 8;
+			use_bsearch = 1;
+			/* ... and resort to bsearch() */
+		}
+		for(n = edx; n < opt_edx_end; n++) {
+			if(BER_TAGS_EQUAL(tlv_tag, elements[n].tag)) {
+				/*
+				 * Found element corresponding to the tag
+				 * being looked at.
+				 * Reposition over the right element.
+				 */
+				edx = n;
+				ctx->step = 1 + 2 * edx;	/* Remember! */
+				goto microphase2;
+			} else if(elements[n].flags & ATF_OPEN_TYPE) {
+				/*
+				 * This is the ANY type, which may bear
+				 * any flag whatsoever.
+				 */
+				edx = n;
+				ctx->step = 1 + 2 * edx;	/* Remember! */
+				goto microphase2;
+			} else if(elements[n].tag == (ber_tlv_tag_t)-1) {
+				use_bsearch = 1;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if(use_bsearch) {
+			/*
+			 * Resort to a binary search over
+			 * sorted array of tags.
+			 */
+			const asn_TYPE_tag2member_t *t2m;
+			asn_TYPE_tag2member_t key;
+			key.el_tag = tlv_tag;
+			key.el_no = edx;
+			t2m = (const asn_TYPE_tag2member_t *)bsearch(&key,
+				specs->tag2el, specs->tag2el_count,
+				sizeof(specs->tag2el[0]), _t2e_cmp);
+			if(t2m) {
+				const asn_TYPE_tag2member_t *best = 0;
+				const asn_TYPE_tag2member_t *t2m_f, *t2m_l;
+				int edx_max = edx + elements[edx].optional;
+				/*
+				 * Rewind to the first element with that tag,
+				 * `cause bsearch() does not guarantee order.
+				 */
+				t2m_f = t2m + t2m->toff_first;
+				t2m_l = t2m + t2m->toff_last;
+				for(t2m = t2m_f; t2m <= t2m_l; t2m++) {
+					if(t2m->el_no > edx_max) break;
+					if(t2m->el_no < edx) continue;
+					best = t2m;
+				}
+				if(best) {
+					edx = best->el_no;
+					ctx->step = 1 + 2 * edx;
+					goto microphase2;
+				}
+			}
+			n = opt_edx_end;
+		}
+		if(n == opt_edx_end) {
+			/*
+			 * If tag is unknown, it may be either
+			 * an unknown (thus, incorrect) tag,
+			 * or an extension (...),
+			 * or an end of the indefinite-length structure.
+			 */
+			if(!IN_EXTENSION_GROUP(specs,
+				edx + elements[edx].optional)) {
+				ASN_DEBUG("Unexpected tag %s (at %d)",
+					ber_tlv_tag_string(tlv_tag), edx);
+				ASN_DEBUG("Expected tag %s (%s)%s",
+					ber_tlv_tag_string(elements[edx].tag),
+					elements[edx].name,
+					elements[edx].optional
+						?" or alternatives":"");
+				RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+			} else {
+				/* Skip this tag */
+				ssize_t skip;
+				edx += elements[edx].optional;
+
+				ASN_DEBUG("Skipping unexpected %s (at %d)",
+					ber_tlv_tag_string(tlv_tag), edx);
+				skip = ber_skip_length(opt_codec_ctx,
+					BER_TLV_CONSTRUCTED(ptr),
+					(const char *)ptr + tag_len,
+					LEFT - tag_len);
+				ASN_DEBUG("Skip length %d in %s",
+					(int)skip, td->name);
+				switch(skip) {
+				case 0: if(!SIZE_VIOLATION) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+					/* Fall through */
+				case -1: RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+				}
+
+				ADVANCE(skip + tag_len);
+				ctx->step -= 2;
+				edx--;
+				continue;  /* Try again with the next tag */
+			}
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * MICROPHASE 2: Invoke the member-specific decoder.
+		 */
+		ctx->step |= 1;		/* Confirm entering next microphase */
+	microphase2:
+		ASN_DEBUG("Inside SEQUENCE %s MF2", td->name);
+		
+		/*
+		 * Compute the position of the member inside a structure,
+		 * and also a type of containment (it may be contained
+		 * as pointer or using inline inclusion).
+		 */
+		if(elements[edx].flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			/* Member is a pointer to another structure */
+			memb_ptr2 = (void **)((char *)st + elements[edx].memb_offset);
+		} else {
+			/*
+			 * A pointer to a pointer
+			 * holding the start of the structure
+			 */
+			memb_ptr = (char *)st + elements[edx].memb_offset;
+			memb_ptr2 = &memb_ptr;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Invoke the member fetch routine according to member's type
+		 */
+		rval = elements[edx].type->ber_decoder(opt_codec_ctx,
+				elements[edx].type,
+				memb_ptr2, ptr, LEFT,
+				elements[edx].tag_mode);
+		ASN_DEBUG("In %s SEQUENCE decoded %d %s of %d "
+			"in %d bytes rval.code %d, size=%d",
+			td->name, edx, elements[edx].type->name,
+			(int)LEFT, (int)rval.consumed, rval.code, (int)size);
+		switch(rval.code) {
+		case RC_OK:
+			break;
+		case RC_WMORE: /* More data expected */
+			if(!SIZE_VIOLATION) {
+				ADVANCE(rval.consumed);
+				RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+			}
+			ASN_DEBUG("Size violation (c->l=%ld <= s=%ld)",
+				(long)ctx->left, (long)size);
+			/* Fall through */
+		case RC_FAIL: /* Fatal error */
+			RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		} /* switch(rval) */
+		
+		ADVANCE(rval.consumed);
+	  }	/* for(all structure members) */
+
+	phase3:
+		ctx->phase = 3;
+	case 3:	/* 00 and other tags expected */
+	case 4:	/* only 00's expected */
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("SEQUENCE %s Leftover: %ld, size = %ld",
+			td->name, (long)ctx->left, (long)size);
+
+		/*
+		 * Skip everything until the end of the SEQUENCE.
+		 */
+		while(ctx->left) {
+			ssize_t tl, ll;
+
+			tl = ber_fetch_tag(ptr, LEFT, &tlv_tag);
+			switch(tl) {
+			case 0: if(!SIZE_VIOLATION) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+				/* Fall through */
+			case -1: RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+			}
+
+			/*
+			 * If expected <0><0>...
+			 */
+			if(ctx->left < 0
+				&& ((const uint8_t *)ptr)[0] == 0) {
+				if(LEFT < 2) {
+					if(SIZE_VIOLATION)
+						RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+					else
+						RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+				} else if(((const uint8_t *)ptr)[1] == 0) {
+					/*
+					 * Correctly finished with <0><0>.
+					 */
+					ADVANCE(2);
+					ctx->left++;
+					ctx->phase = 4;
+					continue;
+				}
+			}
+
+			if(!IN_EXTENSION_GROUP(specs, td->elements_count)
+			|| ctx->phase == 4) {
+				ASN_DEBUG("Unexpected continuation "
+					"of a non-extensible type "
+					"%s (SEQUENCE): %s",
+					td->name,
+					ber_tlv_tag_string(tlv_tag));
+				RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+			}
+
+			ll = ber_skip_length(opt_codec_ctx,
+				BER_TLV_CONSTRUCTED(ptr),
+				(const char *)ptr + tl, LEFT - tl);
+			switch(ll) {
+			case 0: if(!SIZE_VIOLATION) RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+				/* Fall through */
+			case -1: RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+			}
+
+			ADVANCE(tl + ll);
+		}
+
+		PHASE_OUT(ctx);
+	}
+	
+	RETURN(RC_OK);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * The DER encoder of the SEQUENCE type.
+ */
+asn_enc_rval_t
+SEQUENCE_encode_der(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	void *sptr, int tag_mode, ber_tlv_tag_t tag,
+	asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	size_t computed_size = 0;
+	asn_enc_rval_t erval;
+	ssize_t ret;
+	int edx;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("%s %s as SEQUENCE",
+		cb?"Encoding":"Estimating", td->name);
+
+	/*
+	 * Gather the length of the underlying members sequence.
+	 */
+	for(edx = 0; edx < td->elements_count; edx++) {
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm = &td->elements[edx];
+		void *memb_ptr;
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr = *(void **)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			if(!memb_ptr) {
+				if(elm->optional) continue;
+				/* Mandatory element is missing */
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+			}
+		} else {
+			memb_ptr = (void *)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+		}
+		erval = elm->type->der_encoder(elm->type, memb_ptr,
+			elm->tag_mode, elm->tag,
+			0, 0);
+		if(erval.encoded == -1)
+			return erval;
+		computed_size += erval.encoded;
+		ASN_DEBUG("Member %d %s estimated %ld bytes",
+			edx, elm->name, (long)erval.encoded);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Encode the TLV for the sequence itself.
+	 */
+	ret = der_write_tags(td, computed_size, tag_mode, 1, tag, cb, app_key);
+	ASN_DEBUG("Wrote tags: %ld (+%ld)", (long)ret, (long)computed_size);
+	if(ret == -1)
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	erval.encoded = computed_size + ret;
+
+	if(!cb) _ASN_ENCODED_OK(erval);
+
+	/*
+	 * Encode all members.
+	 */
+	for(edx = 0; edx < td->elements_count; edx++) {
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm = &td->elements[edx];
+		asn_enc_rval_t tmperval;
+		void *memb_ptr;
+
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr = *(void **)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			if(!memb_ptr) continue;
+		} else {
+			memb_ptr = (void *)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+		}
+		tmperval = elm->type->der_encoder(elm->type, memb_ptr,
+			elm->tag_mode, elm->tag,
+			cb, app_key);
+		if(tmperval.encoded == -1)
+			return tmperval;
+		computed_size -= tmperval.encoded;
+		ASN_DEBUG("Member %d %s of SEQUENCE %s encoded in %ld bytes",
+			edx, elm->name, td->name, (long)tmperval.encoded);
+	}
+
+	if(computed_size != 0)
+		/*
+		 * Encoded size is not equal to the computed size.
+		 */
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(erval);
+}
+
+
+#undef	XER_ADVANCE
+#define	XER_ADVANCE(num_bytes)	do {			\
+		size_t num = num_bytes;			\
+		buf_ptr = ((const char *)buf_ptr) + num;\
+		size -= num;				\
+		consumed_myself += num;			\
+	} while(0)
+
+/*
+ * Decode the XER (XML) data.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t
+SEQUENCE_decode_xer(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	void **struct_ptr, const char *opt_mname,
+		const void *buf_ptr, size_t size) {
+	/*
+	 * Bring closer parts of structure description.
+	 */
+	asn_SEQUENCE_specifics_t *specs
+		= (asn_SEQUENCE_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_TYPE_member_t *elements = td->elements;
+	const char *xml_tag = opt_mname ? opt_mname : td->xml_tag;
+
+	/*
+	 * ... and parts of the structure being constructed.
+	 */
+	void *st = *struct_ptr;	/* Target structure. */
+	asn_struct_ctx_t *ctx;	/* Decoder context */
+
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval;		/* Return value from a decoder */
+	ssize_t consumed_myself = 0;	/* Consumed bytes from ptr */
+	int edx;			/* Element index */
+	int edx_end;
+
+	/*
+	 * Create the target structure if it is not present already.
+	 */
+	if(st == 0) {
+		st = *struct_ptr = CALLOC(1, specs->struct_size);
+		if(st == 0) RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Restore parsing context.
+	 */
+	ctx = (asn_struct_ctx_t *)((char *)st + specs->ctx_offset);
+
+
+	/*
+	 * Phases of XER/XML processing:
+	 * Phase 0: Check that the opening tag matches our expectations.
+	 * Phase 1: Processing body and reacting on closing tag.
+	 * Phase 2: Processing inner type.
+	 * Phase 3: Skipping unknown extensions.
+	 * Phase 4: PHASED OUT
+	 */
+	for(edx = ctx->step; ctx->phase <= 3;) {
+		pxer_chunk_type_e ch_type;	/* XER chunk type */
+		ssize_t ch_size;		/* Chunk size */
+		xer_check_tag_e tcv;		/* Tag check value */
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm;
+		int n;
+
+		/*
+		 * Go inside the inner member of a sequence.
+		 */
+		if(ctx->phase == 2) {
+			asn_dec_rval_t tmprval;
+			void *memb_ptr;		/* Pointer to the member */
+			void **memb_ptr2;	/* Pointer to that pointer */
+
+			elm = &td->elements[edx];
+
+			if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+				/* Member is a pointer to another structure */
+				memb_ptr2 = (void **)((char *)st + elm->memb_offset);
+			} else {
+				memb_ptr = (char *)st + elm->memb_offset;
+				memb_ptr2 = &memb_ptr;
+			}
+
+			/* Invoke the inner type decoder, m.b. multiple times */
+			tmprval = elm->type->xer_decoder(opt_codec_ctx,
+					elm->type, memb_ptr2, elm->name,
+					buf_ptr, size);
+			XER_ADVANCE(tmprval.consumed);
+			if(tmprval.code != RC_OK)
+				RETURN(tmprval.code);
+			ctx->phase = 1;	/* Back to body processing */
+			ctx->step = ++edx;
+			ASN_DEBUG("XER/SEQUENCE phase => %d, step => %d",
+				ctx->phase, ctx->step);
+			/* Fall through */
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Get the next part of the XML stream.
+		 */
+		ch_size = xer_next_token(&ctx->context, buf_ptr, size,
+			&ch_type);
+		switch(ch_size) {
+		case -1: RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		case 0:  RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+		default:
+			switch(ch_type) {
+			case PXER_COMMENT:	/* Got XML comment */
+			case PXER_TEXT:		/* Ignore free-standing text */
+				XER_ADVANCE(ch_size);	/* Skip silently */
+				continue;
+			case PXER_TAG:
+				break;	/* Check the rest down there */
+			}
+		}
+
+		tcv = xer_check_tag(buf_ptr, ch_size, xml_tag);
+		ASN_DEBUG("XER/SEQUENCE: tcv = %d, ph=%d [%s]",
+			tcv, ctx->phase, xml_tag);
+
+		/* Skip the extensions section */
+		if(ctx->phase == 3) {
+			switch(xer_skip_unknown(tcv, &ctx->left)) {
+			case -1:
+				ctx->phase = 4;
+				RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+			case 0:
+				XER_ADVANCE(ch_size);
+				continue;
+			case 1:
+				XER_ADVANCE(ch_size);
+				ctx->phase = 1;
+				continue;
+			case 2:
+				ctx->phase = 1;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		switch(tcv) {
+		case XCT_CLOSING:
+			if(ctx->phase == 0) break;
+			ctx->phase = 0;
+			/* Fall through */
+		case XCT_BOTH:
+			if(ctx->phase == 0) {
+				if(edx >= td->elements_count
+				   ||
+				   /* Explicit OPTIONAL specs reaches the end */
+				    (edx + elements[edx].optional
+					== td->elements_count)
+				   ||
+				   /* All extensions are optional */
+				   (IN_EXTENSION_GROUP(specs, edx)
+					&& specs->ext_before
+						> td->elements_count)
+				) {
+					XER_ADVANCE(ch_size);
+					ctx->phase = 4;	/* Phase out */
+					RETURN(RC_OK);
+				} else {
+					ASN_DEBUG("Premature end of XER SEQUENCE");
+					RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+				}
+			}
+			/* Fall through */
+		case XCT_OPENING:
+			if(ctx->phase == 0) {
+				XER_ADVANCE(ch_size);
+				ctx->phase = 1;	/* Processing body phase */
+				continue;
+			}
+			/* Fall through */
+		case XCT_UNKNOWN_OP:
+		case XCT_UNKNOWN_BO:
+
+			ASN_DEBUG("XER/SEQUENCE: tcv=%d, ph=%d, edx=%d",
+				tcv, ctx->phase, edx);
+			if(ctx->phase != 1) {
+				break;	/* Really unexpected */
+			}
+
+			if(edx < td->elements_count) {
+				/*
+				 * Search which member corresponds to this tag.
+				 */
+				edx_end = edx + elements[edx].optional + 1;
+				if(edx_end > td->elements_count)
+					edx_end = td->elements_count;
+				for(n = edx; n < edx_end; n++) {
+					elm = &td->elements[n];
+					tcv = xer_check_tag(buf_ptr,
+						ch_size, elm->name);
+					switch(tcv) {
+					case XCT_BOTH:
+					case XCT_OPENING:
+						/*
+						 * Process this member.
+						 */
+						ctx->step = edx = n;
+						ctx->phase = 2;
+						break;
+					case XCT_UNKNOWN_OP:
+					case XCT_UNKNOWN_BO:
+						continue;
+					default:
+						n = edx_end;
+						break;	/* Phase out */
+					}
+					break;
+				}
+				if(n != edx_end)
+					continue;
+			} else {
+				ASN_DEBUG("Out of defined members: %d/%d",
+					edx, td->elements_count);
+			}
+
+			/* It is expected extension */
+			if(IN_EXTENSION_GROUP(specs,
+				edx + (edx < td->elements_count
+					? elements[edx].optional : 0))) {
+				ASN_DEBUG("Got anticipated extension at %d",
+					edx);
+				/*
+				 * Check for (XCT_BOTH or XCT_UNKNOWN_BO)
+				 * By using a mask. Only record a pure
+				 * <opening> tags.
+				 */
+				if(tcv & XCT_CLOSING) {
+					/* Found </extension> without body */
+				} else {
+					ctx->left = 1;
+					ctx->phase = 3;	/* Skip ...'s */
+				}
+				XER_ADVANCE(ch_size);
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			/* Fall through */
+		default:
+			break;
+		}
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("Unexpected XML tag in SEQUENCE [%c%c%c%c%c%c]",
+			size>0?((const char *)buf_ptr)[0]:'.',
+			size>1?((const char *)buf_ptr)[1]:'.',
+			size>2?((const char *)buf_ptr)[2]:'.',
+			size>3?((const char *)buf_ptr)[3]:'.',
+			size>4?((const char *)buf_ptr)[4]:'.',
+			size>5?((const char *)buf_ptr)[5]:'.');
+		break;
+	}
+
+	ctx->phase = 4;	/* "Phase out" on hard failure */
+	RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+SEQUENCE_encode_xer(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
+	int ilevel, enum xer_encoder_flags_e flags,
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+	int xcan = (flags & XER_F_CANONICAL);
+	int edx;
+
+	if(!sptr)
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	er.encoded = 0;
+
+	for(edx = 0; edx < td->elements_count; edx++) {
+		asn_enc_rval_t tmper;
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm = &td->elements[edx];
+		void *memb_ptr;
+		const char *mname = elm->name;
+		unsigned int mlen = strlen(mname);
+
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr = *(void **)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			if(!memb_ptr) {
+				if(elm->optional)
+					continue;
+				/* Mandatory element is missing */
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+			}
+		} else {
+			memb_ptr = (void *)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+		}
+
+		if(!xcan) _i_ASN_TEXT_INDENT(1, ilevel);
+		_ASN_CALLBACK3("<", 1, mname, mlen, ">", 1);
+
+		/* Print the member itself */
+		tmper = elm->type->xer_encoder(elm->type, memb_ptr,
+			ilevel + 1, flags, cb, app_key);
+		if(tmper.encoded == -1) return tmper;
+
+		_ASN_CALLBACK3("</", 2, mname, mlen, ">", 1);
+		er.encoded += 5 + (2 * mlen) + tmper.encoded;
+	}
+
+	if(!xcan) _i_ASN_TEXT_INDENT(1, ilevel - 1);
+
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+cb_failed:
+	_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+}
+
+int
+SEQUENCE_print(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr, int ilevel,
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	int edx;
+	int ret;
+
+	if(!sptr) return (cb("<absent>", 8, app_key) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
+
+	/* Dump preamble */
+	if(cb(td->name, strlen(td->name), app_key) < 0
+	|| cb(" ::= {", 6, app_key) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	for(edx = 0; edx < td->elements_count; edx++) {
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm = &td->elements[edx];
+		const void *memb_ptr;
+
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr = *(const void * const *)((const char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			if(!memb_ptr) {
+				if(elm->optional) continue;
+				/* Print <absent> line */
+				/* Fall through */
+			}
+		} else {
+			memb_ptr = (const void *)((const char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+		}
+
+		/* Indentation */
+		_i_INDENT(1);
+
+		/* Print the member's name and stuff */
+		if(cb(elm->name, strlen(elm->name), app_key) < 0
+		|| cb(": ", 2, app_key) < 0)
+			return -1;
+
+		/* Print the member itself */
+		ret = elm->type->print_struct(elm->type, memb_ptr, ilevel + 1,
+			cb, app_key);
+		if(ret) return ret;
+	}
+
+	ilevel--;
+	_i_INDENT(1);
+
+	return (cb("}", 1, app_key) < 0) ? -1 : 0;
+}
+
+void
+SEQUENCE_free(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr, int contents_only) {
+	int edx;
+
+	if(!td || !sptr)
+		return;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Freeing %s as SEQUENCE", td->name);
+
+	for(edx = 0; edx < td->elements_count; edx++) {
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm = &td->elements[edx];
+		void *memb_ptr;
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr = *(void **)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			if(memb_ptr)
+				ASN_STRUCT_FREE(*elm->type, memb_ptr);
+		} else {
+			memb_ptr = (void *)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			ASN_STRUCT_FREE_CONTENTS_ONLY(*elm->type, memb_ptr);
+		}
+	}
+
+	if(!contents_only) {
+		FREEMEM(sptr);
+	}
+}
+
+int
+SEQUENCE_constraint(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr,
+		asn_app_constraint_failed_f *ctfailcb, void *app_key) {
+	int edx;
+
+	if(!sptr) {
+		_ASN_CTFAIL(app_key, td, sptr,
+			"%s: value not given (%s:%d)",
+			td->name, __FILE__, __LINE__);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Iterate over structure members and check their validity.
+	 */
+	for(edx = 0; edx < td->elements_count; edx++) {
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm = &td->elements[edx];
+		const void *memb_ptr;
+
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr = *(const void * const *)((const char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			if(!memb_ptr) {
+				if(elm->optional)
+					continue;
+				_ASN_CTFAIL(app_key, td, sptr,
+				"%s: mandatory element %s absent (%s:%d)",
+				td->name, elm->name, __FILE__, __LINE__);
+				return -1;
+			}
+		} else {
+			memb_ptr = (const void *)((const char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+		}
+
+		if(elm->memb_constraints) {
+			int ret = elm->memb_constraints(elm->type, memb_ptr,
+				ctfailcb, app_key);
+			if(ret) return ret;
+		} else {
+			int ret = elm->type->check_constraints(elm->type,
+				memb_ptr, ctfailcb, app_key);
+			if(ret) return ret;
+			/*
+			 * Cannot inherit it earlier:
+			 * need to make sure we get the updated version.
+			 */
+			elm->memb_constraints = elm->type->check_constraints;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+SEQUENCE_decode_uper(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+	asn_SEQUENCE_specifics_t *specs = (asn_SEQUENCE_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	void *st = *sptr;	/* Target structure. */
+	int extpresent;		/* Extension additions are present */
+	uint8_t *opres;		/* Presence of optional root members */
+	asn_per_data_t opmd;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rv;
+	int edx;
+
+	(void)constraints;
+
+	if(_ASN_STACK_OVERFLOW_CHECK(opt_codec_ctx))
+		_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+
+	if(!st) {
+		st = *sptr = CALLOC(1, specs->struct_size);
+		if(!st) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Decoding %s as SEQUENCE (UPER)", td->name);
+
+	/* Handle extensions */
+	if(specs->ext_before >= 0) {
+		extpresent = per_get_few_bits(pd, 1);
+		if(extpresent < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+	} else {
+		extpresent = 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Prepare a place and read-in the presence bitmap */
+	memset(&opmd, 0, sizeof(opmd));
+	if(specs->roms_count) {
+		opres = (uint8_t *)MALLOC(((specs->roms_count + 7) >> 3) + 1);
+		if(!opres) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+		/* Get the presence map */
+		if(per_get_many_bits(pd, opres, 0, specs->roms_count)) {
+			FREEMEM(opres);
+			_ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		}
+		opmd.buffer = opres;
+		opmd.nbits = specs->roms_count;
+		ASN_DEBUG("Read in presence bitmap for %s of %d bits (%x..)",
+			td->name, specs->roms_count, *opres);
+	} else {
+		opres = 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Get the sequence ROOT elements.
+	 */
+	for(edx = 0; edx < td->elements_count; edx++) {
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm = &td->elements[edx];
+		void *memb_ptr;		/* Pointer to the member */
+		void **memb_ptr2;	/* Pointer to that pointer */
+
+		if(IN_EXTENSION_GROUP(specs, edx))
+			continue;
+
+		/* Fetch the pointer to this member */
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr2 = (void **)((char *)st + elm->memb_offset);
+		} else {
+			memb_ptr = (char *)st + elm->memb_offset;
+			memb_ptr2 = &memb_ptr;
+		}
+
+		/* Deal with optionality */
+		if(elm->optional) {
+			int present = per_get_few_bits(&opmd, 1);
+			ASN_DEBUG("Member %s->%s is optional, p=%d (%d->%d)",
+				td->name, elm->name, present,
+				(int)opmd.nboff, (int)opmd.nbits);
+			if(present == 0) {
+				/* This element is not present */
+				if(elm->default_value) {
+					/* Fill-in DEFAULT */
+					if(elm->default_value(1, memb_ptr2)) {
+						FREEMEM(opres);
+						_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+					}
+					ASN_DEBUG("Filled-in default");
+				}
+				/* The member is just not present */
+				continue;
+			}
+			/* Fall through */
+		}
+
+		/* Fetch the member from the stream */
+		ASN_DEBUG("Decoding member %s in %s", elm->name, td->name);
+		rv = elm->type->uper_decoder(opt_codec_ctx, elm->type,
+			elm->per_constraints, memb_ptr2, pd);
+		if(rv.code != RC_OK) {
+			ASN_DEBUG("Failed decode %s in %s",
+				elm->name, td->name);
+			FREEMEM(opres);
+			return rv;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Optionality map is not needed anymore */
+	FREEMEM(opres);
+
+	/*
+	 * Deal with extensions.
+	 */
+	if(extpresent) {
+		ssize_t bmlength;
+		uint8_t *epres;		/* Presence of extension members */
+		asn_per_data_t epmd;
+
+		bmlength = uper_get_nslength(pd);
+		if(bmlength < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("Extensions %ld present in %s", (long)bmlength, td->name);
+
+		epres = (uint8_t *)MALLOC((bmlength + 15) >> 3);
+		if(!epres) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+
+		/* Get the extensions map */
+		if(per_get_many_bits(pd, epres, 0, bmlength))
+			_ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+
+		memset(&epmd, 0, sizeof(epmd));
+		epmd.buffer = epres;
+		epmd.nbits = bmlength;
+		ASN_DEBUG("Read in extensions bitmap for %s of %ld bits (%x..)",
+			td->name, (long)bmlength, *epres);
+
+	    /* Go over extensions and read them in */
+	    for(edx = specs->ext_after + 1; edx < td->elements_count; edx++) {
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm = &td->elements[edx];
+		void *memb_ptr;		/* Pointer to the member */
+		void **memb_ptr2;	/* Pointer to that pointer */
+		int present;
+
+		if(!IN_EXTENSION_GROUP(specs, edx)) {
+			ASN_DEBUG("%d is not extension", edx);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* Fetch the pointer to this member */
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr2 = (void **)((char *)st + elm->memb_offset);
+		} else {
+			memb_ptr = (void *)((char *)st + elm->memb_offset);
+			memb_ptr2 = &memb_ptr;
+		}
+
+		present = per_get_few_bits(&epmd, 1);
+		if(present <= 0) {
+			if(present < 0) break;	/* No more extensions */
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("Decoding member %s in %s %p", elm->name, td->name, *memb_ptr2);
+		rv = uper_open_type_get(opt_codec_ctx, elm->type,
+			elm->per_constraints, memb_ptr2, pd);
+		if(rv.code != RC_OK) {
+			FREEMEM(epres);
+			return rv;
+		}
+	    }
+
+		/* Skip over overflow extensions which aren't present
+		 * in this system's version of the protocol */
+		for(;;) {
+			ASN_DEBUG("Getting overflow extensions");
+			switch(per_get_few_bits(&epmd, 1)) {
+			case -1: break;
+			case 0: continue;
+			default:
+				if(uper_open_type_skip(opt_codec_ctx, pd)) {
+					FREEMEM(epres);
+					_ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+				}
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+
+		FREEMEM(epres);
+	}
+
+	/* Fill DEFAULT members in extensions */
+	for(edx = specs->roms_count; edx < specs->roms_count
+			+ specs->aoms_count; edx++) {
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm = &td->elements[edx];
+		void **memb_ptr2;	/* Pointer to member pointer */
+
+		if(!elm->default_value) continue;
+
+		/* Fetch the pointer to this member */
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr2 = (void **)((char *)st
+					+ elm->memb_offset);
+			if(*memb_ptr2) continue;
+		} else {
+			continue;	/* Extensions are all optionals */
+		}
+
+		/* Set default value */
+		if(elm->default_value(1, memb_ptr2)) {
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+		}
+	}
+
+	rv.consumed = 0;
+	rv.code = RC_OK;
+	return rv;
+}
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+SEQUENCE_decode_aper(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+	asn_SEQUENCE_specifics_t *specs = (asn_SEQUENCE_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	void *st = *sptr;	/* Target structure. */
+	int extpresent;		/* Extension additions are present */
+	uint8_t *opres;		/* Presence of optional root members */
+	asn_per_data_t opmd;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rv;
+	int edx;
+
+	(void)constraints;
+
+	if(_ASN_STACK_OVERFLOW_CHECK(opt_codec_ctx))
+		_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+
+	if(!st) {
+		st = *sptr = CALLOC(1, specs->struct_size);
+		if(!st) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Decoding %s as SEQUENCE (APER)", td->name);
+
+	/* Handle extensions */
+	if(specs->ext_before >= 0) {
+		extpresent = per_get_few_bits(pd, 1);
+		if(extpresent < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+	} else {
+		extpresent = 0;
+	}
+
+	/* Prepare a place and read-in the presence bitmap */
+	memset(&opmd, 0, sizeof(opmd));
+	if(specs->roms_count) {
+		opres = (uint8_t *)MALLOC(((specs->roms_count + 7) >> 3) + 1);
+		if(!opres) _ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+		/* Get the presence map */
+		if(per_get_many_bits(pd, opres, 0, specs->roms_count)) {
+			FREEMEM(opres);
+			_ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		}
+		opmd.buffer = opres;
+		opmd.nbits = specs->roms_count;
+		ASN_DEBUG("Read in presence bitmap for %s of %d bits (%x..)",
+			td->name, specs->roms_count, *opres);
+	} else {
+		opres = 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Get the sequence ROOT elements.
+	 */
+	for(edx = 0; edx < td->elements_count; edx++) {
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm = &td->elements[edx];
+		void *memb_ptr;		/* Pointer to the member */
+		void **memb_ptr2;	/* Pointer to that pointer */
+
+		if(IN_EXTENSION_GROUP(specs, edx))
+			continue;
+
+		/* Fetch the pointer to this member */
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr2 = (void **)((char *)st + elm->memb_offset);
+		} else {
+			memb_ptr = (char *)st + elm->memb_offset;
+			memb_ptr2 = &memb_ptr;
+		}
+
+		/* Deal with optionality */
+		if(elm->optional) {
+			int present = per_get_few_bits(&opmd, 1);
+			ASN_DEBUG("Member %s->%s is optional, p=%d (%d->%d)",
+				td->name, elm->name, present,
+				(int)opmd.nboff, (int)opmd.nbits);
+			if(present == 0) {
+				/* This element is not present */
+				if(elm->default_value) {
+					/* Fill-in DEFAULT */
+					if(elm->default_value(1, memb_ptr2)) {
+						FREEMEM(opres);
+						_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+					}
+					ASN_DEBUG("Filled-in default");
+				}
+				/* The member is just not present */
+				continue;
+			}
+			/* Fall through */
+		}
+
+		/* Fetch the member from the stream */
+		ASN_DEBUG("Decoding member %s in %s", elm->name, td->name);
+		rv = elm->type->aper_decoder(opt_codec_ctx, elm->type,
+			elm->per_constraints, memb_ptr2, pd);
+		if(rv.code != RC_OK) {
+			ASN_DEBUG("Failed decode %s in %s",
+				elm->name, td->name);
+			FREEMEM(opres);
+			return rv;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Optionality map is not needed anymore */
+	FREEMEM(opres);
+
+	/*
+	 * Deal with extensions.
+	 */
+	if(extpresent) {
+		ssize_t bmlength;
+		uint8_t *epres;		/* Presence of extension members */
+		asn_per_data_t epmd;
+
+		bmlength = uper_get_nslength(pd);
+		if(bmlength < 0) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("Extensions %d present in %s", bmlength, td->name);
+
+		epres = (uint8_t *)MALLOC((bmlength + 15) >> 3);
+		if(!epres) _ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+
+		/* Get the extensions map */
+		if(per_get_many_bits(pd, epres, 0, bmlength))
+			_ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+
+		memset(&epmd, 0, sizeof(epmd));
+		epmd.buffer = epres;
+		epmd.nbits = bmlength;
+		ASN_DEBUG("Read in extensions bitmap for %s of %d bits (%x..)",
+			td->name, bmlength, *epres);
+
+	    /* Go over extensions and read them in */
+	    for(edx = specs->ext_after + 1; edx < td->elements_count; edx++) {
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm = &td->elements[edx];
+		void *memb_ptr;		/* Pointer to the member */
+		void **memb_ptr2;	/* Pointer to that pointer */
+		int present;
+
+		if(!IN_EXTENSION_GROUP(specs, edx)) {
+			ASN_DEBUG("%d is not extension", edx);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* Fetch the pointer to this member */
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr2 = (void **)((char *)st + elm->memb_offset);
+		} else {
+			memb_ptr = (void *)((char *)st + elm->memb_offset);
+			memb_ptr2 = &memb_ptr;
+		}
+
+		present = per_get_few_bits(&epmd, 1);
+		if(present <= 0) {
+			if(present < 0) break;	/* No more extensions */
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("Decoding member %s in %s %p", elm->name, td->name, *memb_ptr2);
+		rv = uper_open_type_get(opt_codec_ctx, elm->type,
+			elm->per_constraints, memb_ptr2, pd);
+		if(rv.code != RC_OK) {
+			FREEMEM(epres);
+			return rv;
+		}
+	    }
+
+		/* Skip over overflow extensions which aren't present
+		 * in this system's version of the protocol */
+		for(;;) {
+			ASN_DEBUG("Getting overflow extensions");
+			switch(per_get_few_bits(&epmd, 1)) {
+			case -1: break;
+			case 0: continue;
+			default:
+				if(uper_open_type_skip(opt_codec_ctx, pd)) {
+					FREEMEM(epres);
+					_ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+				}
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+
+		FREEMEM(epres);
+	}
+
+	/* Fill DEFAULT members in extensions */
+	for(edx = specs->roms_count; edx < specs->roms_count
+			+ specs->aoms_count; edx++) {
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm = &td->elements[edx];
+		void **memb_ptr2;	/* Pointer to member pointer */
+
+		if(!elm->default_value) continue;
+
+		/* Fetch the pointer to this member */
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr2 = (void **)((char *)st
+					+ elm->memb_offset);
+			if(*memb_ptr2) continue;
+		} else {
+			continue;	/* Extensions are all optionals */
+		}
+
+		/* Set default value */
+		if(elm->default_value(1, memb_ptr2)) {
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+		}
+	}
+
+	rv.consumed = 0;
+	rv.code = RC_OK;
+	return rv;
+}
+
+static int
+SEQUENCE_handle_extensions(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
+		asn_per_outp_t *po1, asn_per_outp_t *po2) {
+	asn_SEQUENCE_specifics_t *specs
+		= (asn_SEQUENCE_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	int exts_present = 0;
+	int exts_count = 0;
+	int edx;
+
+	if(specs->ext_before < 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Find out which extensions are present */
+	for(edx = specs->ext_after + 1; edx < td->elements_count; edx++) {
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm = &td->elements[edx];
+		void *memb_ptr;		/* Pointer to the member */
+		void **memb_ptr2;	/* Pointer to that pointer */
+		int present;
+
+		if(!IN_EXTENSION_GROUP(specs, edx)) {
+			ASN_DEBUG("%s (@%d) is not extension", elm->type->name, edx);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* Fetch the pointer to this member */
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr2 = (void **)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			present = (*memb_ptr2 != 0);
+		} else {
+			memb_ptr = (void *)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			memb_ptr2 = &memb_ptr;
+			present = 1;
+		}
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("checking %s (@%d) present => %d",
+			elm->type->name, edx, present);
+		exts_count++;
+		exts_present += present;
+
+		/* Encode as presence marker */
+		if(po1 && per_put_few_bits(po1, present, 1))
+			return -1;
+		/* Encode as open type field */
+		if(po2 && present && aper_open_type_put(elm->type,
+				elm->per_constraints, *memb_ptr2, po2))
+			return -1;
+
+	}
+
+	return exts_present ? exts_count : 0;
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+SEQUENCE_encode_uper(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_per_outp_t *po) {
+	asn_SEQUENCE_specifics_t *specs
+		= (asn_SEQUENCE_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+	int n_extensions;
+	int edx;
+	int i;
+
+	(void)constraints;
+
+	if(!sptr)
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	er.encoded = 0;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %s as SEQUENCE (UPER)", td->name);
+
+
+	/*
+	 * X.691#18.1 Whether structure is extensible
+	 * and whether to encode extensions
+	 */
+	if(specs->ext_before >= 0) {
+		n_extensions = SEQUENCE_handle_extensions(td, sptr, 0, 0);
+		per_put_few_bits(po, n_extensions ? 1 : 0, 1);
+	} else {
+		n_extensions = 0;	/* There are no extensions to encode */
+	}
+
+	/* Encode a presence bitmap */
+	for(i = 0; i < specs->roms_count; i++) {
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm;
+		void *memb_ptr;		/* Pointer to the member */
+		void **memb_ptr2;	/* Pointer to that pointer */
+		int present;
+
+		edx = specs->oms[i];
+		elm = &td->elements[edx];
+
+		/* Fetch the pointer to this member */
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr2 = (void **)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			present = (*memb_ptr2 != 0);
+		} else {
+			memb_ptr = (void *)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			memb_ptr2 = &memb_ptr;
+			present = 1;
+		}
+
+		/* Eliminate default values */
+		if(present && elm->default_value
+		&& elm->default_value(0, memb_ptr2) == 1)
+			present = 0;
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("Element %s %s %s->%s is %s",
+			elm->flags & ATF_POINTER ? "ptr" : "inline",
+			elm->default_value ? "def" : "wtv",
+			td->name, elm->name, present ? "present" : "absent");
+		if(per_put_few_bits(po, present, 1))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Encode the sequence ROOT elements.
+	 */
+	ASN_DEBUG("ext_after = %d, ec = %d, eb = %d", specs->ext_after, td->elements_count, specs->ext_before);
+	for(edx = 0; edx < ((specs->ext_after < 0)
+		? td->elements_count : specs->ext_before - 1); edx++) {
+
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm = &td->elements[edx];
+		void *memb_ptr;		/* Pointer to the member */
+		void **memb_ptr2;	/* Pointer to that pointer */
+
+		if(IN_EXTENSION_GROUP(specs, edx))
+			continue;
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("About to encode %s", elm->type->name);
+
+		/* Fetch the pointer to this member */
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr2 = (void **)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			if(!*memb_ptr2) {
+				ASN_DEBUG("Element %s %d not present",
+					elm->name, edx);
+				if(elm->optional)
+					continue;
+				/* Mandatory element is missing */
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+			}
+		} else {
+			memb_ptr = (void *)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			memb_ptr2 = &memb_ptr;
+		}
+
+		/* Eliminate default values */
+		if(elm->default_value && elm->default_value(0, memb_ptr2) == 1)
+			continue;
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %s->%s", td->name, elm->name);
+		er = elm->type->uper_encoder(elm->type, elm->per_constraints,
+			*memb_ptr2, po);
+		if(er.encoded == -1)
+			return er;
+	}
+
+	/* No extensions to encode */
+	if(!n_extensions) _ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Length of %d bit-map", n_extensions);
+	/* #18.8. Write down the presence bit-map length. */
+	if(uper_put_nslength(po, n_extensions))
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Bit-map of %d elements", n_extensions);
+	/* #18.7. Encoding the extensions presence bit-map. */
+	/* TODO: act upon NOTE in #18.7 for canonical PER */
+	if(SEQUENCE_handle_extensions(td, sptr, po, 0) != n_extensions)
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Writing %d extensions", n_extensions);
+	/* #18.9. Encode extensions as open type fields. */
+	if(SEQUENCE_handle_extensions(td, sptr, 0, po) != n_extensions)
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+SEQUENCE_encode_aper(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_per_outp_t *po) {
+	asn_SEQUENCE_specifics_t *specs
+		= (asn_SEQUENCE_specifics_t *)td->specifics;
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+	int n_extensions;
+	int edx;
+	int i;
+
+	(void)constraints;
+
+	if(!sptr)
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	er.encoded = 0;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %s as SEQUENCE (APER)", td->name);
+
+	/*
+	 * X.691#18.1 Whether structure is extensible
+	 * and whether to encode extensions
+	 */
+	if(specs->ext_before >= 0) {
+		n_extensions = SEQUENCE_handle_extensions(td, sptr, 0, 0);
+		per_put_few_bits(po, n_extensions ? 1 : 0, 1);
+	} else {
+		n_extensions = 0;       /* There are no extensions to encode */
+	}
+
+	/* Encode a presence bitmap */
+	for(i = 0; i < specs->roms_count; i++) {
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm;
+		void *memb_ptr;	 /* Pointer to the member */
+		void **memb_ptr2;       /* Pointer to that pointer */
+		int present;
+
+		edx = specs->oms[i];
+		elm = &td->elements[edx];
+
+		/* Fetch the pointer to this member */
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr2 = (void **)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			present = (*memb_ptr2 != 0);
+		} else {
+			memb_ptr = (void *)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			memb_ptr2 = &memb_ptr;
+			present = 1;
+		}
+
+		/* Eliminate default values */
+		if(present && elm->default_value
+		&& elm->default_value(0, memb_ptr2) == 1)
+			present = 0;
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("Element %s %s %s->%s is %s",
+			elm->flags & ATF_POINTER ? "ptr" : "inline",
+			elm->default_value ? "def" : "wtv",
+			td->name, elm->name, present ? "present" : "absent");
+		if(per_put_few_bits(po, present, 1))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Encode the sequence ROOT elements.
+	 */
+	ASN_DEBUG("ext_after = %d, ec = %d, eb = %d", specs->ext_after, td->elements_count, specs->ext_before);
+	for(edx = 0; edx < ((specs->ext_after < 0)
+		? td->elements_count : specs->ext_before - 1); edx++) {
+
+		asn_TYPE_member_t *elm = &td->elements[edx];
+		void *memb_ptr;	 /* Pointer to the member */
+		void **memb_ptr2;       /* Pointer to that pointer */
+
+		if(IN_EXTENSION_GROUP(specs, edx))
+			continue;
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("About to encode %s", elm->type->name);
+
+		/* Fetch the pointer to this member */
+		if(elm->flags & ATF_POINTER) {
+			memb_ptr2 = (void **)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			if(!*memb_ptr2) {
+				ASN_DEBUG("Element %s %d not present",
+					elm->name, edx);
+				if(elm->optional)
+					continue;
+				/* Mandatory element is missing */
+				_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+			}
+		} else {
+			memb_ptr = (void *)((char *)sptr + elm->memb_offset);
+			memb_ptr2 = &memb_ptr;
+		}
+
+		/* Eliminate default values */
+		if(elm->default_value && elm->default_value(0, memb_ptr2) == 1)
+			continue;
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("Encoding %s->%s", td->name, elm->name);
+		er = elm->type->aper_encoder(elm->type, elm->per_constraints,
+			*memb_ptr2, po);
+		if(er.encoded == -1)
+			return er;
+	}
+
+	/* No extensions to encode */
+	if(!n_extensions) _ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Length of %d bit-map", n_extensions);
+	/* #18.8. Write down the presence bit-map length. */
+	if(aper_put_nslength(po, n_extensions))
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Bit-map of %d elements", n_extensions);
+	/* #18.7. Encoding the extensions presence bit-map. */
+	/* TODO: act upon NOTE in #18.7 for canonical PER */
+	if(SEQUENCE_handle_extensions(td, sptr, po, 0) != n_extensions)
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Writing %d extensions", n_extensions);
+	/* #18.9. Encode extensions as open type fields. */
+	if(SEQUENCE_handle_extensions(td, sptr, 0, po) != n_extensions)
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+}
diff --git a/src/rspro/constr_TYPE.c b/src/rspro/constr_TYPE.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..322f68c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/constr_TYPE.c
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+#include <constr_TYPE.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+/*
+ * Version of the ASN.1 infrastructure shipped with compiler.
+ */
+int get_asn1c_environment_version() { return ASN1C_ENVIRONMENT_VERSION; }
+
+static asn_app_consume_bytes_f _print2fp;
+
+/*
+ * Return the outmost tag of the type.
+ */
+ber_tlv_tag_t
+asn_TYPE_outmost_tag(const asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *type_descriptor,
+		const void *struct_ptr, int tag_mode, ber_tlv_tag_t tag) {
+
+	if(tag_mode)
+		return tag;
+
+	if(type_descriptor->tags_count)
+		return type_descriptor->tags[0];
+
+	return type_descriptor->outmost_tag(type_descriptor, struct_ptr, 0, 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Print the target language's structure in human readable form.
+ */
+int
+asn_fprint(FILE *stream, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *struct_ptr) {
+	if(!stream) stream = stdout;
+	if(!td || !struct_ptr) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/* Invoke type-specific printer */
+	if(td->print_struct(td, struct_ptr, 1, _print2fp, stream))
+		return -1;
+
+	/* Terminate the output */
+	if(_print2fp("\n", 1, stream))
+		return -1;
+
+	return fflush(stream);
+}
+
+/* Dump the data into the specified stdio stream */
+static int
+_print2fp(const void *buffer, size_t size, void *app_key) {
+	FILE *stream = (FILE *)app_key;
+
+	if(fwrite(buffer, 1, size, stream) != size)
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Some compilers do not support variable args macros.
+ * This function is a replacement of ASN_DEBUG() macro.
+ */
+void ASN_DEBUG_f(const char *fmt, ...);
+void ASN_DEBUG_f(const char *fmt, ...) {
+	va_list ap;
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
+	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+	va_end(ap);
+}
diff --git a/src/rspro/constraints.c b/src/rspro/constraints.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d03f9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/constraints.c
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+#include <osmocom/rspro/asn_internal.h>
+#include <osmocom/rspro/constraints.h>
+
+int
+asn_generic_no_constraint(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *type_descriptor,
+	const void *struct_ptr, asn_app_constraint_failed_f *cb, void *key) {
+
+	(void)type_descriptor;	/* Unused argument */
+	(void)struct_ptr;	/* Unused argument */
+	(void)cb;	/* Unused argument */
+	(void)key;	/* Unused argument */
+
+	/* Nothing to check */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+asn_generic_unknown_constraint(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *type_descriptor,
+	const void *struct_ptr, asn_app_constraint_failed_f *cb, void *key) {
+
+	(void)type_descriptor;	/* Unused argument */
+	(void)struct_ptr;	/* Unused argument */
+	(void)cb;	/* Unused argument */
+	(void)key;	/* Unused argument */
+
+	/* Unknown how to check */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct errbufDesc {
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *failed_type;
+	const void *failed_struct_ptr;
+	char *errbuf;
+	size_t errlen;
+};
+
+static void
+_asn_i_ctfailcb(void *key, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, const void *sptr, const char *fmt, ...) {
+	struct errbufDesc *arg = key;
+	va_list ap;
+	ssize_t vlen;
+	ssize_t maxlen;
+
+	arg->failed_type = td;
+	arg->failed_struct_ptr = sptr;
+
+	maxlen = arg->errlen;
+	if(maxlen <= 0)
+		return;
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	vlen = vsnprintf(arg->errbuf, maxlen, fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+	if(vlen >= maxlen) {
+		arg->errbuf[maxlen-1] = '\0';	/* Ensuring libc correctness */
+		arg->errlen = maxlen - 1;	/* Not counting termination */
+		return;
+	} else if(vlen >= 0) {
+		arg->errbuf[vlen] = '\0';	/* Ensuring libc correctness */
+		arg->errlen = vlen;		/* Not counting termination */
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * The libc on this system is broken.
+		 */
+		vlen = sizeof("<broken vsnprintf>") - 1;
+		maxlen--;
+		arg->errlen = vlen < maxlen ? vlen : maxlen;
+		memcpy(arg->errbuf, "<broken vsnprintf>", arg->errlen);
+		arg->errbuf[arg->errlen] = 0;
+	}
+
+	return;
+}
+
+int
+asn_check_constraints(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *type_descriptor,
+		const void *struct_ptr, char *errbuf, size_t *errlen) {
+	struct errbufDesc arg;
+	int ret;
+
+	arg.failed_type = 0;
+	arg.failed_struct_ptr = 0;
+	arg.errbuf = errbuf;
+	arg.errlen = errlen ? *errlen : 0;
+
+	ret = type_descriptor->check_constraints(type_descriptor,
+		struct_ptr, _asn_i_ctfailcb, &arg);
+	if(ret == -1 && errlen)
+		*errlen = arg.errlen;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
diff --git a/src/rspro/converter-sample.c b/src/rspro/converter-sample.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2f74a80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/converter-sample.c
@@ -0,0 +1,834 @@
+/*
+ * Generic converter template for a selected ASN.1 type.
+ * Copyright (c) 2005, 2006, 2007 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * 
+ * To compile with your own ASN.1 type, please redefine the PDU as shown:
+ * 
+ * cc -DPDU=MyCustomType -o myDecoder.o -c converter-sample.c
+ */
+#ifdef	HAVE_CONFIG_H
+#include <config.h>
+#endif
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>	/* for atoi(3) */
+#include <unistd.h>	/* for getopt(3) */
+#include <string.h>	/* for strerror(3) */
+#include <sysexits.h>	/* for EX_* exit codes */
+#include <errno.h>	/* for errno */
+
+#include <asn_application.h>
+#include <asn_internal.h>	/* for _ASN_DEFAULT_STACK_MAX */
+
+/* Convert "Type" defined by -DPDU into "asn_DEF_Type" */
+#define	ASN_DEF_PDU(t)	asn_DEF_ ## t
+#define	DEF_PDU_Type(t)	ASN_DEF_PDU(t)
+#define	PDU_Type	DEF_PDU_Type(PDU)
+
+extern asn_TYPE_descriptor_t PDU_Type;	/* ASN.1 type to be decoded */
+#ifdef	ASN_PDU_COLLECTION		/* Generated by asn1c: -pdu=... */
+extern asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *asn_pdu_collection[];
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Open file and parse its contens.
+ */
+static void *data_decode_from_file(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *asnTypeOfPDU,
+	FILE *file, const char *name, ssize_t suggested_bufsize, int first_pdu);
+static int write_out(const void *buffer, size_t size, void *key);
+static FILE *argument_to_file(char *av[], int idx);
+static char *argument_to_name(char *av[], int idx);
+
+       int opt_debug;	/* -d (or -dd) */
+static int opt_check;	/* -c (constraints checking) */
+static int opt_stack;	/* -s (maximum stack size) */
+static int opt_nopad;	/* -per-nopad (PER input is not padded) */
+static int opt_onepdu;	/* -1 (decode single PDU) */
+
+/* Input data format selector */
+static enum input_format {
+	INP_BER,	/* -iber: BER input */
+	INP_XER,	/* -ixer: XER input */
+	INP_PER		/* -iper: Unaligned PER input */
+} iform;	/* -i<format> */
+
+/* Output data format selector */
+static enum output_format {
+	OUT_XER,	/* -oxer: XER (XML) output */
+	OUT_DER,	/* -oder: DER (BER) output */
+	OUT_PER,	/* -oper: Unaligned PER output */
+	OUT_TEXT,	/* -otext: semi-structured text */
+	OUT_NULL	/* -onull: No pretty-printing */
+} oform;	/* -o<format> */
+
+#ifdef	JUNKTEST		/* Enable -J <probability> */
+#define	JUNKOPT	"J:"
+static double opt_jprob;	/* Junk bit probability */
+static int    junk_failures;
+static void   junk_bytes_with_probability(uint8_t *, size_t, double prob);
+#else
+#define	JUNKOPT
+#endif
+
+/* Debug output function */
+static inline void
+DEBUG(const char *fmt, ...) {
+	va_list ap;
+	if(!opt_debug) return;
+	fprintf(stderr, "AD: ");
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+}
+
+int
+main(int ac, char *av[]) {
+	static asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *pduType = &PDU_Type;
+	ssize_t suggested_bufsize = 8192;  /* close or equal to stdio buffer */
+	int number_of_iterations = 1;
+	int num;
+	int ch;
+
+	/* Figure out if Unaligned PER needs to be default */
+	if(pduType->uper_decoder)
+		iform = INP_PER;
+
+	/*
+	 * Pocess the command-line argments.
+	 */
+	while((ch = getopt(ac, av, "i:o:1b:cdn:p:hs:" JUNKOPT)) != -1)
+	switch(ch) {
+	case 'i':
+		if(optarg[0] == 'b') { iform = INP_BER; break; }
+		if(optarg[0] == 'x') { iform = INP_XER; break; }
+		if(pduType->uper_decoder
+		&& optarg[0] == 'p') { iform = INP_PER; break; }
+		fprintf(stderr, "-i<format>: '%s': improper format selector\n",
+			optarg);
+		exit(EX_UNAVAILABLE);
+	case 'o':
+		if(optarg[0] == 'd') { oform = OUT_DER; break; }
+		if(pduType->uper_encoder
+		&& optarg[0] == 'p') { oform = OUT_PER; break; }
+		if(optarg[0] == 'x') { oform = OUT_XER; break; }
+		if(optarg[0] == 't') { oform = OUT_TEXT; break; }
+		if(optarg[0] == 'n') { oform = OUT_NULL; break; }
+		fprintf(stderr, "-o<format>: '%s': improper format selector\n",
+			optarg);
+		exit(EX_UNAVAILABLE);
+	case '1':
+		opt_onepdu = 1;
+		break;
+	case 'b':
+		suggested_bufsize = atoi(optarg);
+		if(suggested_bufsize < 1
+			|| suggested_bufsize > 16 * 1024 * 1024) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"-b %s: Improper buffer size (1..16M)\n",
+				optarg);
+			exit(EX_UNAVAILABLE);
+		}
+		break;
+	case 'c':
+		opt_check = 1;
+		break;
+	case 'd':
+		opt_debug++;	/* Double -dd means ASN.1 debug */
+		break;
+	case 'n':
+		number_of_iterations = atoi(optarg);
+		if(number_of_iterations < 1) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"-n %s: Improper iterations count\n", optarg);
+			exit(EX_UNAVAILABLE);
+		}
+		break;
+	case 'p':
+		if(strcmp(optarg, "er-nopad") == 0) {
+			opt_nopad = 1;
+			break;
+		}
+#ifdef	ASN_PDU_COLLECTION
+		if(strcmp(optarg, "list") == 0) {
+			asn_TYPE_descriptor_t **pdu = asn_pdu_collection;
+			fprintf(stderr, "Available PDU types:\n");
+			for(; *pdu; pdu++) printf("%s\n", (*pdu)->name);
+			exit(0);
+		} else if(optarg[0] >= 'A' && optarg[0] <= 'Z') {
+			asn_TYPE_descriptor_t **pdu = asn_pdu_collection;
+			while(*pdu && strcmp((*pdu)->name, optarg)) pdu++;
+			if(*pdu) { pduType = *pdu; break; }
+			fprintf(stderr, "-p %s: Unrecognized PDU\n", optarg);
+		}
+#endif	/* ASN_PDU_COLLECTION */
+		fprintf(stderr, "-p %s: Unrecognized option\n", optarg);
+		exit(EX_UNAVAILABLE);
+	case 's':
+		opt_stack = atoi(optarg);
+		if(opt_stack < 0) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"-s %s: Non-negative value expected\n",
+				optarg);
+			exit(EX_UNAVAILABLE);
+		}
+		break;
+#ifdef	JUNKTEST
+	case 'J':
+		opt_jprob = strtod(optarg, 0);
+		if(opt_jprob <= 0.0 || opt_jprob > 1.0) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"-J %s: Probability range 0..1 expected \n",
+				optarg);
+			exit(EX_UNAVAILABLE);
+		}
+		break;
+#endif	/* JUNKTEST */
+	case 'h':
+	default:
+#ifdef	ASN_CONVERTER_TITLE
+#define	_AXS(x)	#x
+#define	_ASX(x)	_AXS(x)
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", _ASX(ASN_CONVERTER_TITLE));
+#endif
+		fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [options] <data.ber> ...\n", av[0]);
+		fprintf(stderr, "Where options are:\n");
+		if(pduType->uper_decoder)
+		fprintf(stderr,
+		"  -iper        Input is in Unaligned PER (Packed Encoding Rules) (DEFAULT)\n");
+		fprintf(stderr,
+		"  -iber        Input is in BER (Basic Encoding Rules)%s\n",
+			iform == INP_PER ? "" : " (DEFAULT)");
+		fprintf(stderr,
+		"  -ixer        Input is in XER (XML Encoding Rules)\n");
+		if(pduType->uper_encoder)
+		fprintf(stderr,
+		"  -oper        Output in Unaligned PER (Packed Encoding Rules)\n");
+		fprintf(stderr,
+		"  -oder        Output in DER (Distinguished Encoding Rules)\n"
+		"  -oxer        Output in XER (XML Encoding Rules) (DEFAULT)\n"
+		"  -otext       Output in plain semi-structured text (dump)\n"
+		"  -onull       Verify (decode) input, but do not output\n");
+		if(pduType->uper_decoder)
+		fprintf(stderr,
+		"  -per-nopad   Assume PER PDUs are not padded (-iper)\n");
+#ifdef	ASN_PDU_COLLECTION
+		fprintf(stderr,
+		"  -p <PDU>     Specify PDU type to decode\n"
+		"  -p list      List available PDUs\n");
+#endif	/* ASN_PDU_COLLECTION */
+		fprintf(stderr,
+		"  -1           Decode only the first PDU in file\n"
+		"  -b <size>    Set the i/o buffer size (default is %ld)\n"
+		"  -c           Check ASN.1 constraints after decoding\n"
+		"  -d           Enable debugging (-dd is even better)\n"
+		"  -n <num>     Process files <num> times\n"
+		"  -s <size>    Set the stack usage limit (default is %d)\n"
+#ifdef	JUNKTEST
+		"  -J <prob>    Set random junk test bit garbaging probability\n"
+#endif
+		, (long)suggested_bufsize, _ASN_DEFAULT_STACK_MAX);
+		exit(EX_USAGE);
+	}
+
+	ac -= optind;
+	av += optind;
+
+	if(ac < 1) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s: No input files specified. "
+				"Try '-h' for more information\n",
+				av[-optind]);
+		exit(EX_USAGE);
+	}
+
+	setvbuf(stdout, 0, _IOLBF, 0);
+
+	for(num = 0; num < number_of_iterations; num++) {
+	  int ac_i;
+	  /*
+	   * Process all files in turn.
+	   */
+	  for(ac_i = 0; ac_i < ac; ac_i++) {
+	    asn_enc_rval_t erv;
+	    void *structure;	/* Decoded structure */
+	    FILE *file = argument_to_file(av, ac_i);
+	    char *name = argument_to_name(av, ac_i);
+	    int first_pdu;
+
+	    for(first_pdu = 1; first_pdu || !opt_onepdu; first_pdu = 0) {
+		/*
+		 * Decode the encoded structure from file.
+		 */
+		structure = data_decode_from_file(pduType,
+				file, name, suggested_bufsize, first_pdu);
+		if(!structure) {
+			if(errno) {
+				/* Error message is already printed */
+				exit(EX_DATAERR);
+			} else {
+				/* EOF */
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+
+		/* Check ASN.1 constraints */
+		if(opt_check) {
+			char errbuf[128];
+			size_t errlen = sizeof(errbuf);
+			if(asn_check_constraints(pduType, structure,
+				errbuf, &errlen)) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "%s: ASN.1 constraint "
+					"check failed: %s\n", name, errbuf);
+				exit(EX_DATAERR);
+			}
+		}
+
+		switch(oform) {
+		case OUT_NULL:
+#ifdef	JUNKTEST
+		    if(opt_jprob == 0.0)
+#endif
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s: decoded successfully\n", name);
+			break;
+		case OUT_TEXT:	/* -otext */
+			asn_fprint(stdout, pduType, structure);
+			break;
+		case OUT_XER:	/* -oxer */
+			if(xer_fprint(stdout, pduType, structure)) {
+				fprintf(stderr,
+					"%s: Cannot convert %s into XML\n",
+					name, pduType->name);
+				exit(EX_UNAVAILABLE);
+			}
+			break;
+		case OUT_DER:
+			erv = der_encode(pduType, structure, write_out, stdout);
+			if(erv.encoded < 0) {
+				fprintf(stderr,
+					"%s: Cannot convert %s into DER\n",
+					name, pduType->name);
+				exit(EX_UNAVAILABLE);
+			}
+			DEBUG("Encoded in %ld bytes of DER", (long)erv.encoded);
+			break;
+		case OUT_PER:
+			erv = uper_encode(pduType, structure, write_out, stdout);
+			if(erv.encoded < 0) {
+				fprintf(stderr,
+				"%s: Cannot convert %s into Unaligned PER\n",
+					name, pduType->name);
+				exit(EX_UNAVAILABLE);
+			}
+			DEBUG("Encoded in %ld bits of UPER", (long)erv.encoded);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		ASN_STRUCT_FREE(*pduType, structure);
+	    }
+
+	    if(file && file != stdin)
+		fclose(file);
+	  }
+	}
+
+#ifdef	JUNKTEST
+	if(opt_jprob > 0.0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Junked %f OK (%d/%d)\n",
+			opt_jprob, junk_failures, number_of_iterations);
+	}
+#endif	/* JUNKTEST */
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct dynamic_buffer {
+	uint8_t *data;		/* Pointer to the data bytes */
+	size_t offset;		/* Offset from the start */
+	size_t length;		/* Length of meaningful contents */
+	size_t unbits;		/* Unused bits in the last byte */
+	size_t allocated;	/* Allocated memory for data */
+	int    nreallocs;	/* Number of data reallocations */
+	off_t  bytes_shifted;	/* Number of bytes ever shifted */
+} DynamicBuffer;
+
+static void
+buffer_dump() {
+	uint8_t *p = DynamicBuffer.data + DynamicBuffer.offset;
+	uint8_t *e = p + DynamicBuffer.length - (DynamicBuffer.unbits ? 1 : 0);
+	if(!opt_debug) return;
+	DEBUG("Buffer: { d=%p, o=%ld, l=%ld, u=%ld, a=%ld, s=%ld }",
+		DynamicBuffer.data,
+		(long)DynamicBuffer.offset,
+		(long)DynamicBuffer.length,
+		(long)DynamicBuffer.unbits,
+		(long)DynamicBuffer.allocated,
+		(long)DynamicBuffer.bytes_shifted);
+	for(; p < e; p++) {
+		fprintf(stderr, " %c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c",
+			((*p >> 7) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((*p >> 6) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((*p >> 5) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((*p >> 4) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((*p >> 3) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((*p >> 2) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((*p >> 1) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((*p >> 0) & 1) ? '1' : '0');
+	}
+	if(DynamicBuffer.unbits) {
+		unsigned int shift;
+		fprintf(stderr, " ");
+		for(shift = 7; shift >= DynamicBuffer.unbits; shift--)
+			fprintf(stderr, "%c", ((*p >> shift) & 1) ? '1' : '0');
+		fprintf(stderr, " %ld:%ld\n",
+			(long)DynamicBuffer.length - 1,
+			(long)8 - DynamicBuffer.unbits);
+	} else {
+		fprintf(stderr, " %ld\n", (long)DynamicBuffer.length);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Move the buffer content left N bits, possibly joining it with
+ * preceeding content.
+ */
+static void
+buffer_shift_left(size_t offset, int bits) {
+	uint8_t *ptr = DynamicBuffer.data + DynamicBuffer.offset + offset;
+	uint8_t *end = DynamicBuffer.data + DynamicBuffer.offset
+			+ DynamicBuffer.length - 1;
+	
+	if(!bits) return;
+
+	DEBUG("Shifting left %d bits off %ld (o=%ld, u=%ld, l=%ld)",
+		bits, (long)offset,
+		(long)DynamicBuffer.offset,
+		(long)DynamicBuffer.unbits,
+		(long)DynamicBuffer.length);
+
+	if(offset) {
+		int right;
+		right = ptr[0] >> (8 - bits);
+
+		DEBUG("oleft: %c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c",
+			((ptr[-1] >> 7) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[-1] >> 6) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[-1] >> 5) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[-1] >> 4) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[-1] >> 3) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[-1] >> 2) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[-1] >> 1) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[-1] >> 0) & 1) ? '1' : '0');
+
+		DEBUG("oriht: %c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c",
+			((ptr[0] >> 7) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[0] >> 6) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[0] >> 5) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[0] >> 4) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[0] >> 3) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[0] >> 2) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[0] >> 1) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[0] >> 0) & 1) ? '1' : '0');
+
+		DEBUG("mriht: %c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c",
+			((right >> 7) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((right >> 6) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((right >> 5) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((right >> 4) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((right >> 3) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((right >> 2) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((right >> 1) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((right >> 0) & 1) ? '1' : '0');
+
+		ptr[-1] = (ptr[-1] & (0xff << bits)) | right;
+
+		DEBUG("after: %c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c",
+			((ptr[-1] >> 7) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[-1] >> 6) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[-1] >> 5) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[-1] >> 4) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[-1] >> 3) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[-1] >> 2) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[-1] >> 1) & 1) ? '1' : '0',
+			((ptr[-1] >> 0) & 1) ? '1' : '0');
+	}
+
+	buffer_dump();
+
+	for(; ptr < end; ptr++) {
+		int right = ptr[1] >> (8 - bits);
+		*ptr = (*ptr << bits) | right;
+	}
+	*ptr <<= bits;
+
+	DEBUG("Unbits [%d=>", (int)DynamicBuffer.unbits);
+	if(DynamicBuffer.unbits == 0) {
+		DynamicBuffer.unbits += bits;
+	} else {
+		DynamicBuffer.unbits += bits;
+		if(DynamicBuffer.unbits > 7) {
+			DynamicBuffer.unbits -= 8;
+			DynamicBuffer.length--;
+			DynamicBuffer.bytes_shifted++;
+		}
+	}
+	DEBUG("Unbits =>%d]", (int)DynamicBuffer.unbits);
+
+	buffer_dump();
+
+	DEBUG("Shifted. Now (o=%ld, u=%ld l=%ld)",
+		(long)DynamicBuffer.offset,
+		(long)DynamicBuffer.unbits,
+		(long)DynamicBuffer.length);
+	
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * Ensure that the buffer contains at least this amount of free space.
+ */
+static void add_bytes_to_buffer(const void *data2add, size_t bytes) {
+
+	if(bytes == 0) return;
+
+	DEBUG("=> add_bytes(%ld) { o=%ld l=%ld u=%ld, s=%ld }",
+		(long)bytes,
+		(long)DynamicBuffer.offset,
+		(long)DynamicBuffer.length,
+		(long)DynamicBuffer.unbits,
+		(long)DynamicBuffer.allocated);
+
+	if(DynamicBuffer.allocated
+	>= (DynamicBuffer.offset + DynamicBuffer.length + bytes)) {
+		DEBUG("\tNo buffer reallocation is necessary");
+	} else if(bytes <= DynamicBuffer.offset) {
+		DEBUG("\tContents shifted by %ld", DynamicBuffer.offset);
+
+		/* Shift the buffer contents */
+		memmove(DynamicBuffer.data,
+		        DynamicBuffer.data + DynamicBuffer.offset,
+			DynamicBuffer.length);
+		DynamicBuffer.bytes_shifted += DynamicBuffer.offset;
+		DynamicBuffer.offset = 0;
+	} else {
+		size_t newsize = (DynamicBuffer.allocated << 2) + bytes;
+		void *p = MALLOC(newsize);
+		if(!p) {
+			perror("malloc()");
+			exit(EX_OSERR);
+		}
+		memcpy(p,
+			DynamicBuffer.data + DynamicBuffer.offset,
+			DynamicBuffer.length);
+		FREEMEM(DynamicBuffer.data);
+		DynamicBuffer.data = (uint8_t *)p;
+		DynamicBuffer.offset = 0;
+		DynamicBuffer.allocated = newsize;
+		DynamicBuffer.nreallocs++;
+		DEBUG("\tBuffer reallocated to %ld (%d time)",
+			newsize, DynamicBuffer.nreallocs);
+	}
+
+	memcpy(DynamicBuffer.data
+		+ DynamicBuffer.offset + DynamicBuffer.length,
+		data2add, bytes);
+	DynamicBuffer.length += bytes;
+	if(DynamicBuffer.unbits) {
+		int bits = DynamicBuffer.unbits;
+		DynamicBuffer.unbits = 0;
+		buffer_shift_left(DynamicBuffer.length - bytes, bits);
+	}
+
+	DEBUG("<= add_bytes(%ld) { o=%ld l=%ld u=%ld, s=%ld }",
+		(long)bytes,
+		(long)DynamicBuffer.offset,
+		(long)DynamicBuffer.length,
+		(long)DynamicBuffer.unbits,
+		(long)DynamicBuffer.allocated);
+}
+
+static void *
+data_decode_from_file(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *pduType, FILE *file, const char *name, ssize_t suggested_bufsize, int on_first_pdu) {
+	static uint8_t *fbuf;
+	static ssize_t fbuf_size;
+	static asn_codec_ctx_t s_codec_ctx;
+	asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx = 0;
+	void *structure = 0;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval;
+	size_t old_offset;	
+	size_t new_offset;
+	int tolerate_eof;
+	size_t rd;
+
+	if(!file) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", name, strerror(errno));
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if(opt_stack) {
+		s_codec_ctx.max_stack_size = opt_stack;
+		opt_codec_ctx = &s_codec_ctx;
+	}
+
+	DEBUG("Processing %s", name);
+
+	/* prepare the file buffer */
+	if(fbuf_size != suggested_bufsize) {
+		fbuf = (uint8_t *)REALLOC(fbuf, suggested_bufsize);
+		if(!fbuf) {
+			perror("realloc()");
+			exit(EX_OSERR);
+		}
+		fbuf_size = suggested_bufsize;
+	}
+
+	if(on_first_pdu) {
+		DynamicBuffer.offset = 0;
+		DynamicBuffer.length = 0;
+		DynamicBuffer.unbits = 0;
+		DynamicBuffer.allocated = 0;
+		DynamicBuffer.bytes_shifted = 0;
+		DynamicBuffer.nreallocs = 0;
+	}
+
+	old_offset = DynamicBuffer.bytes_shifted + DynamicBuffer.offset;
+
+	/* Pretend immediate EOF */
+	rval.code = RC_WMORE;
+	rval.consumed = 0;
+
+	for(tolerate_eof = 1;	/* Allow EOF first time buffer is non-empty */
+	    (rd = fread(fbuf, 1, fbuf_size, file))
+		|| feof(file) == 0
+		|| (tolerate_eof && DynamicBuffer.length)
+	    ;) {
+		int      ecbits = 0;	/* Extra consumed bits in case of PER */
+		uint8_t *i_bptr;
+		size_t   i_size;
+
+		/*
+		 * Copy the data over, or use the original buffer.
+		 */
+		if(DynamicBuffer.allocated) {
+			/* Append new data into the existing dynamic buffer */
+			add_bytes_to_buffer(fbuf, rd);
+			i_bptr = DynamicBuffer.data + DynamicBuffer.offset;
+			i_size = DynamicBuffer.length;
+		} else {
+			i_bptr = fbuf;
+			i_size = rd;
+		}
+
+		DEBUG("Decoding %ld bytes", (long)i_size);
+
+#ifdef	JUNKTEST
+		junk_bytes_with_probability(i_bptr, i_size, opt_jprob);
+#endif
+
+		switch(iform) {
+		case INP_BER:
+			rval = ber_decode(opt_codec_ctx, pduType,
+				(void **)&structure, i_bptr, i_size);
+			break;
+		case INP_XER:
+			rval = xer_decode(opt_codec_ctx, pduType,
+				(void **)&structure, i_bptr, i_size);
+			break;
+		case INP_PER:
+			if(opt_nopad)
+			rval = uper_decode(opt_codec_ctx, pduType,
+				(void **)&structure, i_bptr, i_size, 0,
+				DynamicBuffer.unbits);
+			else
+			rval = uper_decode_complete(opt_codec_ctx, pduType,
+				(void **)&structure, i_bptr, i_size);
+			switch(rval.code) {
+			case RC_OK:
+				/* Fall through */
+			case RC_FAIL:
+				if(opt_nopad) {
+					/* uper_decode() returns bits! */
+					/* Extra bits */
+					ecbits = rval.consumed % 8;
+					/* Convert into bytes! */
+					rval.consumed /= 8;
+				}
+				break;
+			case RC_WMORE:
+				/* PER does not support restartability */
+				ASN_STRUCT_FREE(*pduType, structure);
+				structure = 0;
+				rval.consumed = 0;
+				/* Continue accumulating data */
+				break;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		DEBUG("decode(%ld) consumed %ld+%db (%ld), code %d",
+			(long)DynamicBuffer.length,
+			(long)rval.consumed, ecbits, (long)i_size,
+			rval.code);
+
+		if(DynamicBuffer.allocated == 0) {
+			/*
+			 * Flush remainder into the intermediate buffer.
+			 */
+			if(rval.code != RC_FAIL && rval.consumed < rd) {
+				add_bytes_to_buffer(fbuf + rval.consumed,
+					rd - rval.consumed);
+				buffer_shift_left(0, ecbits);
+				DynamicBuffer.bytes_shifted = rval.consumed;
+				rval.consumed = 0;
+				ecbits = 0;
+			}
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Adjust position inside the source buffer.
+		 */
+		if(DynamicBuffer.allocated) {
+			DynamicBuffer.offset += rval.consumed;
+			DynamicBuffer.length -= rval.consumed;
+		} else {
+			DynamicBuffer.bytes_shifted += rval.consumed;
+		}
+
+		switch(rval.code) {
+		case RC_OK:
+			if(ecbits) buffer_shift_left(0, ecbits);
+			DEBUG("RC_OK, finishing up with %ld+%d",
+				(long)rval.consumed, ecbits);
+			return structure;
+		case RC_WMORE:
+			DEBUG("RC_WMORE, continuing read=%ld, cons=%ld "
+				" with %ld..%ld-%ld..%ld",
+				(long)rd,
+				(long)rval.consumed,
+				(long)DynamicBuffer.offset,
+				(long)DynamicBuffer.length,
+				(long)DynamicBuffer.unbits,
+				(long)DynamicBuffer.allocated);
+			if(!rd) tolerate_eof--;
+			continue;
+		case RC_FAIL:
+			break;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+
+	DEBUG("Clean up partially decoded structure");
+	ASN_STRUCT_FREE(*pduType, structure);
+
+	new_offset = DynamicBuffer.bytes_shifted + DynamicBuffer.offset;
+
+	/*
+	 * Print a message and return failure only if not EOF,
+	 * unless this is our first PDU (empty file).
+	 */
+	if(on_first_pdu
+	|| DynamicBuffer.length
+	|| new_offset - old_offset > ((iform == INP_XER)?sizeof("\r\n")-1:0)
+	) {
+
+#ifdef	JUNKTEST
+		/*
+		 * Nothing's wrong with being unable to decode junk.
+		 * Simulate EOF.
+		 */
+		if(opt_jprob != 0.0) {
+			junk_failures++;
+			errno = 0;
+			return 0;
+		}
+#endif
+
+		DEBUG("ofp %d, no=%ld, oo=%ld, dbl=%ld",
+			on_first_pdu, (long)new_offset, (long)old_offset,
+			(long)DynamicBuffer.length);
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s: "
+			"Decode failed past byte %ld: %s\n",
+			name, (long)new_offset,
+			(rval.code == RC_WMORE)
+				? "Unexpected end of input"
+				: "Input processing error");
+#ifndef	ENOMSG
+#define	ENOMSG EINVAL
+#endif
+#ifndef	EBADMSG
+#define	EBADMSG EINVAL
+#endif
+		errno = (rval.code == RC_WMORE) ? ENOMSG : EBADMSG;
+	} else {
+		/* Got EOF after a few successful PDUs */
+		errno = 0;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Dump the buffer out to the specified FILE */
+static int write_out(const void *buffer, size_t size, void *key) {
+	FILE *fp = (FILE *)key;
+	return (fwrite(buffer, 1, size, fp) == size) ? 0 : -1;
+}
+
+static int argument_is_stdin(char *av[], int idx) {
+	if(strcmp(av[idx], "-")) {
+		return 0;	/* Certainly not <stdin> */
+	} else {
+		/* This might be <stdin>, unless `./program -- -` */
+		if(strcmp(av[-1], "--"))
+			return 1;
+		else
+			return 0;
+	}
+}
+
+static FILE *argument_to_file(char *av[], int idx) {
+	return argument_is_stdin(av, idx)
+		? stdin
+		: fopen(av[idx], "rb");
+}
+
+static char *argument_to_name(char *av[], int idx) {
+	return argument_is_stdin(av, idx)
+		? "standard input"
+		: av[idx];
+}
+
+#ifdef	JUNKTEST
+/*
+ * Fill bytes with some garbage with specified probability (more or less).
+ */
+static void
+junk_bytes_with_probability(uint8_t *buf, size_t size, double prob) {
+	static int junkmode;
+	uint8_t *ptr;
+	uint8_t *end;
+	if(opt_jprob <= 0.0) return;
+	for(ptr = buf, end = ptr + size; ptr < end; ptr++) {
+		int byte = *ptr;
+		if(junkmode++ & 1) {
+			if((((double)random() / RAND_MAX) < prob))
+				byte = random() & 0xff;
+		} else {
+#define	BPROB(b)	((((double)random() / RAND_MAX) < prob) ? b : 0)
+			byte ^= BPROB(0x80);
+			byte ^= BPROB(0x40);
+			byte ^= BPROB(0x20);
+			byte ^= BPROB(0x10);
+			byte ^= BPROB(0x08);
+			byte ^= BPROB(0x04);
+			byte ^= BPROB(0x02);
+			byte ^= BPROB(0x01);
+		}
+		if(byte != *ptr) {
+			DEBUG("Junk buf[%d] %02x -> %02x",
+				ptr - buf, *ptr, byte);
+			*ptr = byte;
+		}
+	}
+}
+#endif	/* JUNKTEST */
+
diff --git a/src/rspro/der_encoder.c b/src/rspro/der_encoder.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1c01480
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/der_encoder.c
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+static ssize_t der_write_TL(ber_tlv_tag_t tag, ber_tlv_len_t len,
+	asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key, int constructed);
+
+/*
+ * The DER encoder of any type.
+ */
+asn_enc_rval_t
+der_encode(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *type_descriptor, void *struct_ptr,
+	asn_app_consume_bytes_f *consume_bytes, void *app_key) {
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("DER encoder invoked for %s",
+		type_descriptor->name);
+
+	/*
+	 * Invoke type-specific encoder.
+	 */
+	return type_descriptor->der_encoder(type_descriptor,
+		struct_ptr,	/* Pointer to the destination structure */
+		0, 0,
+		consume_bytes, app_key);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Argument type and callback necessary for der_encode_to_buffer().
+ */
+typedef struct enc_to_buf_arg {
+	void *buffer;
+	size_t left;
+} enc_to_buf_arg;
+static int encode_to_buffer_cb(const void *buffer, size_t size, void *key) {
+	enc_to_buf_arg *arg = (enc_to_buf_arg *)key;
+
+	if(arg->left < size)
+		return -1;	/* Data exceeds the available buffer size */
+
+	memcpy(arg->buffer, buffer, size);
+	arg->buffer = ((char *)arg->buffer) + size;
+	arg->left -= size;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * A variant of the der_encode() which encodes the data into the provided buffer
+ */
+asn_enc_rval_t
+der_encode_to_buffer(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *type_descriptor, void *struct_ptr,
+	void *buffer, size_t buffer_size) {
+	enc_to_buf_arg arg;
+	asn_enc_rval_t ec;
+
+	arg.buffer = buffer;
+	arg.left = buffer_size;
+
+	ec = type_descriptor->der_encoder(type_descriptor,
+		struct_ptr,	/* Pointer to the destination structure */
+		0, 0, encode_to_buffer_cb, &arg);
+	if(ec.encoded != -1) {
+		assert(ec.encoded == (ssize_t)(buffer_size - arg.left));
+		/* Return the encoded contents size */
+	}
+	return ec;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Write out leading TL[v] sequence according to the type definition.
+ */
+ssize_t
+der_write_tags(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *sd,
+		size_t struct_length,
+		int tag_mode, int last_tag_form,
+		ber_tlv_tag_t tag,	/* EXPLICIT or IMPLICIT tag */
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb,
+		void *app_key) {
+	const ber_tlv_tag_t *tags;	/* Copy of tags stream */
+	int tags_count;			/* Number of tags */
+	size_t overall_length;
+	ssize_t *lens;
+	int i;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Writing tags (%s, tm=%d, tc=%d, tag=%s, mtc=%d)",
+		sd->name, tag_mode, sd->tags_count,
+		ber_tlv_tag_string(tag),
+		tag_mode
+			?(sd->tags_count+1
+				-((tag_mode == -1) && sd->tags_count))
+			:sd->tags_count
+	);
+
+	if(tag_mode) {
+		/*
+		 * Instead of doing shaman dance like we do in ber_check_tags(),
+		 * allocate a small array on the stack
+		 * and initialize it appropriately.
+		 */
+		int stag_offset;
+		ber_tlv_tag_t *tags_buf;
+		tags_buf = (ber_tlv_tag_t *)alloca((sd->tags_count + 1) * sizeof(ber_tlv_tag_t));
+		if(!tags_buf) {	/* Can fail on !x86 */
+			errno = ENOMEM;
+			return -1;
+		}
+		tags_count = sd->tags_count
+			+ 1	/* EXPLICIT or IMPLICIT tag is given */
+			- ((tag_mode == -1) && sd->tags_count);
+		/* Copy tags over */
+		tags_buf[0] = tag;
+		stag_offset = -1 + ((tag_mode == -1) && sd->tags_count);
+		for(i = 1; i < tags_count; i++)
+			tags_buf[i] = sd->tags[i + stag_offset];
+		tags = tags_buf;
+	} else {
+		tags = sd->tags;
+		tags_count = sd->tags_count;
+	}
+
+	/* No tags to write */
+	if(tags_count == 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	lens = (ssize_t *)alloca(tags_count * sizeof(lens[0]));
+	if(!lens) {
+		errno = ENOMEM;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Array of tags is initialized.
+	 * Now, compute the size of the TLV pairs, from right to left.
+	 */
+	overall_length = struct_length;
+	for(i = tags_count - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
+		lens[i] = der_write_TL(tags[i], overall_length, 0, 0, 0);
+		if(lens[i] == -1) return -1;
+		overall_length += lens[i];
+		lens[i] = overall_length - lens[i];
+	}
+
+	if(!cb) return overall_length - struct_length;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("%s %s TL sequence (%d elements)",
+		cb?"Encoding":"Estimating", sd->name, tags_count);
+
+	/*
+	 * Encode the TL sequence for real.
+	 */
+	for(i = 0; i < tags_count; i++) {
+		ssize_t len;
+		int _constr;
+
+		/* Check if this tag happens to be constructed */
+		_constr = (last_tag_form || i < (tags_count - 1));
+
+		len = der_write_TL(tags[i], lens[i], cb, app_key, _constr);
+		if(len == -1) return -1;
+	}
+
+	return overall_length - struct_length;
+}
+
+static ssize_t
+der_write_TL(ber_tlv_tag_t tag, ber_tlv_len_t len,
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key,
+		int constructed) {
+	uint8_t buf[32];
+	size_t size = 0;
+	int buf_size = cb?sizeof(buf):0;
+	ssize_t tmp;
+
+	/* Serialize tag (T from TLV) into possibly zero-length buffer */
+	tmp = ber_tlv_tag_serialize(tag, buf, buf_size);
+	if(tmp == -1 || tmp > (ssize_t)sizeof(buf)) return -1;
+	size += tmp;
+
+	/* Serialize length (L from TLV) into possibly zero-length buffer */
+	tmp = der_tlv_length_serialize(len, buf+size, buf_size?buf_size-size:0);
+	if(tmp == -1) return -1;
+	size += tmp;
+
+	if(size > sizeof(buf))
+		return -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * If callback is specified, invoke it, and check its return value.
+	 */
+	if(cb) {
+		if(constructed) *buf |= 0x20;
+		if(cb(buf, size, app_key) < 0)
+			return -1;
+	}
+
+	return size;
+}
diff --git a/src/rspro/per_decoder.c b/src/rspro/per_decoder.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..20fe1a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/per_decoder.c
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+#include <asn_application.h>
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+#include <per_decoder.h>
+
+/*
+ * Decode a "Production of a complete encoding", X.691#10.1.
+ * The complete encoding contains at least one byte, and is an integral
+ * multiple of 8 bytes.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t
+uper_decode_complete(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void **sptr, const void *buffer, size_t size) {
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval;
+
+	rval = uper_decode(opt_codec_ctx, td, sptr, buffer, size, 0, 0);
+	if(rval.consumed) {
+		/*
+		 * We've always given 8-aligned data,
+		 * so convert bits to integral bytes.
+		 */
+		rval.consumed += 7;
+		rval.consumed >>= 3;
+	} else if(rval.code == RC_OK) {
+		if(size) {
+			if(((const uint8_t *)buffer)[0] == 0) {
+				rval.consumed = 1;	/* 1 byte */
+			} else {
+				ASN_DEBUG("Expecting single zeroed byte");
+				rval.code = RC_FAIL;
+			}
+		} else {
+			/* Must contain at least 8 bits. */
+			rval.code = RC_WMORE;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return rval;
+}
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+aper_decode_complete(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void **sptr, const void *buffer, size_t size) {
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval;
+
+	rval = aper_decode(opt_codec_ctx, td, sptr, buffer, size, 0, 0);
+	if(rval.consumed) {
+		/*
+		 * We've always given 8-aligned data,
+		 * so convert bits to integral bytes.
+		 */
+		rval.consumed += 7;
+		rval.consumed >>= 3;
+	} else if(rval.code == RC_OK) {
+		if(size) {
+			if(((uint8_t *)buffer)[0] == 0) {
+				rval.consumed = 1;	/* 1 byte */
+			} else {
+				ASN_DEBUG("Expecting single zeroed byte");
+				rval.code = RC_FAIL;
+			}
+		} else {
+			/* Must contain at least 8 bits. */
+			rval.code = RC_WMORE;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return rval;
+}
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+uper_decode(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void **sptr, const void *buffer, size_t size, int skip_bits, int unused_bits) {
+	asn_codec_ctx_t s_codec_ctx;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval;
+	asn_per_data_t pd;
+
+	if(skip_bits < 0 || skip_bits > 7
+	|| unused_bits < 0 || unused_bits > 7
+	|| (unused_bits > 0 && !size))
+		_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+
+	/*
+	 * Stack checker requires that the codec context
+	 * must be allocated on the stack.
+	 */
+	if(opt_codec_ctx) {
+		if(opt_codec_ctx->max_stack_size) {
+			s_codec_ctx = *opt_codec_ctx;
+			opt_codec_ctx = &s_codec_ctx;
+		}
+	} else {
+		/* If context is not given, be security-conscious anyway */
+		memset(&s_codec_ctx, 0, sizeof(s_codec_ctx));
+		s_codec_ctx.max_stack_size = _ASN_DEFAULT_STACK_MAX;
+		opt_codec_ctx = &s_codec_ctx;
+	}
+
+	/* Fill in the position indicator */
+	memset(&pd, 0, sizeof(pd));
+	pd.buffer = (const uint8_t *)buffer;
+	pd.nboff = skip_bits;
+	pd.nbits = 8 * size - unused_bits; /* 8 is CHAR_BIT from <limits.h> */
+	if(pd.nboff > pd.nbits)
+		_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+
+	/*
+	 * Invoke type-specific decoder.
+	 */
+	if(!td->uper_decoder)
+		_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;	/* PER is not compiled in */
+	rval = td->uper_decoder(opt_codec_ctx, td, 0, sptr, &pd);
+	if(rval.code == RC_OK) {
+		/* Return the number of consumed bits */
+		rval.consumed = ((pd.buffer - (const uint8_t *)buffer) << 3)
+					+ pd.nboff - skip_bits;
+		ASN_DEBUG("PER decoding consumed %ld, counted %ld",
+			(long)rval.consumed, (long)pd.moved);
+		assert(rval.consumed == pd.moved);
+	} else {
+		/* PER codec is not a restartable */
+		rval.consumed = 0;
+	}
+	return rval;
+}
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+aper_decode(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void **sptr, const void *buffer, size_t size, int skip_bits, int unused_bits) {
+	asn_codec_ctx_t s_codec_ctx;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval;
+	asn_per_data_t pd;
+
+	if(skip_bits < 0 || skip_bits > 7
+		|| unused_bits < 0 || unused_bits > 7
+		|| (unused_bits > 0 && !size))
+		_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+
+	/*
+	 * Stack checker requires that the codec context
+	 * must be allocated on the stack.
+	 */
+	if(opt_codec_ctx) {
+		if(opt_codec_ctx->max_stack_size) {
+			s_codec_ctx = *opt_codec_ctx;
+			opt_codec_ctx = &s_codec_ctx;
+		}
+	} else {
+		/* If context is not given, be security-conscious anyway */
+		memset(&s_codec_ctx, 0, sizeof(s_codec_ctx));
+		s_codec_ctx.max_stack_size = _ASN_DEFAULT_STACK_MAX;
+		opt_codec_ctx = &s_codec_ctx;
+	}
+
+	/* Fill in the position indicator */
+	memset(&pd, 0, sizeof(pd));
+	pd.buffer = (const uint8_t *)buffer;
+	pd.nboff = skip_bits;
+	pd.nbits = 8 * size - unused_bits; /* 8 is CHAR_BIT from <limits.h> */
+	if(pd.nboff > pd.nbits)
+		_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+
+	/*
+	 * Invoke type-specific decoder.
+	 */
+	if(!td->aper_decoder)
+		_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;	/* PER is not compiled in */
+		rval = td->aper_decoder(opt_codec_ctx, td, 0, sptr, &pd);
+	if(rval.code == RC_OK) {
+		/* Return the number of consumed bits */
+		rval.consumed = ((pd.buffer - (const uint8_t *)buffer) << 3)
+		+ pd.nboff - skip_bits;
+		ASN_DEBUG("PER decoding consumed %d, counted %d",
+				  rval.consumed, pd.moved);
+		assert(rval.consumed == pd.moved);
+	} else {
+		/* PER codec is not a restartable */
+		rval.consumed = 0;
+	}
+	return rval;
+}
diff --git a/src/rspro/per_encoder.c b/src/rspro/per_encoder.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02dc3a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/per_encoder.c
@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+#include <asn_application.h>
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+#include <per_encoder.h>
+
+static asn_enc_rval_t uper_encode_internal(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, asn_per_constraints_t *, void *sptr, asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key);
+
+static asn_enc_rval_t aper_encode_internal(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, asn_per_constraints_t *, void *sptr, asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key);
+asn_enc_rval_t
+uper_encode(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr, asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	return uper_encode_internal(td, 0, sptr, cb, app_key);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Argument type and callback necessary for uper_encode_to_buffer().
+ */
+typedef struct enc_to_buf_arg {
+	void *buffer;
+	size_t left;
+} enc_to_buf_arg;
+static int encode_to_buffer_cb(const void *buffer, size_t size, void *key) {
+	enc_to_buf_arg *arg = (enc_to_buf_arg *)key;
+
+	if(arg->left < size)
+		return -1;	/* Data exceeds the available buffer size */
+
+	memcpy(arg->buffer, buffer, size);
+	arg->buffer = ((char *)arg->buffer) + size;
+	arg->left -= size;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+uper_encode_to_buffer(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr, void *buffer, size_t buffer_size) {
+	enc_to_buf_arg key;
+
+	key.buffer = buffer;
+	key.left = buffer_size;
+
+	if(td) ASN_DEBUG("Encoding \"%s\" using UNALIGNED PER", td->name);
+
+	return uper_encode_internal(td, 0, sptr, encode_to_buffer_cb, &key);
+}
+
+asn_enc_rval_t
+aper_encode_to_buffer(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr, void *buffer, size_t buffer_size) {
+	enc_to_buf_arg key;
+
+	key.buffer = buffer;
+	key.left = buffer_size;
+
+	if(td) ASN_DEBUG("Encoding \"%s\" using ALIGNED PER", td->name);
+
+	return aper_encode_internal(td, 0, sptr, encode_to_buffer_cb, &key);
+}
+
+typedef struct enc_dyn_arg {
+	void *buffer;
+	size_t length;
+	size_t allocated;
+} enc_dyn_arg;
+static int
+encode_dyn_cb(const void *buffer, size_t size, void *key) {
+	enc_dyn_arg *arg = key;
+	if(arg->length + size >= arg->allocated) {
+		void *p;
+		arg->allocated = arg->allocated ? (arg->allocated << 2) : size;
+		p = REALLOC(arg->buffer, arg->allocated);
+		if(!p) {
+			FREEMEM(arg->buffer);
+			memset(arg, 0, sizeof(*arg));
+			return -1;
+		}
+		arg->buffer = p;
+	}
+	memcpy(((char *)arg->buffer) + arg->length, buffer, size);
+	arg->length += size;
+	return 0;
+}
+ssize_t
+uper_encode_to_new_buffer(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, void **buffer_r) {
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+	enc_dyn_arg key;
+
+	memset(&key, 0, sizeof(key));
+
+	er = uper_encode_internal(td, constraints, sptr, encode_dyn_cb, &key);
+	switch(er.encoded) {
+	case -1:
+		FREEMEM(key.buffer);
+		return -1;
+	case 0:
+		FREEMEM(key.buffer);
+		key.buffer = MALLOC(1);
+		if(key.buffer) {
+			*(char *)key.buffer = '\0';
+			*buffer_r = key.buffer;
+			return 1;
+		} else {
+			return -1;
+		}
+	default:
+		*buffer_r = key.buffer;
+		ASN_DEBUG("Complete encoded in %ld bits", (long)er.encoded);
+		return ((er.encoded + 7) >> 3);
+	}
+}
+
+ssize_t
+aper_encode_to_new_buffer(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, void **buffer_r) {
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+	enc_dyn_arg key;
+
+	memset(&key, 0, sizeof(key));
+
+	er = aper_encode_internal(td, constraints, sptr, encode_dyn_cb, &key);
+	switch(er.encoded) {
+		case -1:
+			FREEMEM(key.buffer);
+			return -1;
+		case 0:
+			FREEMEM(key.buffer);
+			key.buffer = MALLOC(1);
+			if(key.buffer) {
+				*(char *)key.buffer = '\0';
+				*buffer_r = key.buffer;
+				return 1;
+			} else {
+				return -1;
+			}
+		default:
+			*buffer_r = key.buffer;
+			ASN_DEBUG("Complete encoded in %d bits", er.encoded);
+			return ((er.encoded + 7) >> 3);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Internally useful functions.
+ */
+
+/* Flush partially filled buffer */
+static int
+_uper_encode_flush_outp(asn_per_outp_t *po) {
+	uint8_t *buf;
+
+	if(po->nboff == 0 && po->buffer == po->tmpspace)
+		return 0;
+
+	buf = po->buffer + (po->nboff >> 3);
+	/* Make sure we account for the last, partially filled */
+	if(po->nboff & 0x07) {
+		buf[0] &= 0xff << (8 - (po->nboff & 0x07));
+		buf++;
+	}
+
+	return po->outper(po->tmpspace, buf - po->tmpspace, po->op_key);
+}
+
+static int
+_aper_encode_flush_outp(asn_per_outp_t *po) {
+	uint8_t *buf;
+
+	if(po->nboff == 0 && po->buffer == po->tmpspace)
+		return 0;
+
+	buf = po->buffer + (po->nboff >> 3);
+	/* Make sure we account for the last, partially filled */
+	if(po->nboff & 0x07) {
+		buf[0] &= 0xff << (8 - (po->nboff & 0x07));
+		buf++;
+	}
+
+	return po->outper(po->tmpspace, buf - po->tmpspace, po->op_key);
+}
+
+static asn_enc_rval_t
+uper_encode_internal(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	asn_per_outp_t po;
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+
+	/*
+	 * Invoke type-specific encoder.
+	 */
+	if(!td || !td->uper_encoder)
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;	/* PER is not compiled in */
+
+	po.buffer = po.tmpspace;
+	po.nboff = 0;
+	po.nbits = 8 * sizeof(po.tmpspace);
+	po.outper = cb;
+	po.op_key = app_key;
+	po.flushed_bytes = 0;
+
+	er = td->uper_encoder(td, constraints, sptr, &po);
+	if(er.encoded != -1) {
+		size_t bits_to_flush;
+
+		bits_to_flush = ((po.buffer - po.tmpspace) << 3) + po.nboff;
+
+		/* Set number of bits encoded to a firm value */
+		er.encoded = (po.flushed_bytes << 3) + bits_to_flush;
+
+		if(_uper_encode_flush_outp(&po))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	return er;
+}
+
+static asn_enc_rval_t
+aper_encode_internal(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	asn_per_outp_t po;
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+
+	/*
+	 * Invoke type-specific encoder.
+	 */
+	if(!td || !td->aper_encoder)
+		_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;	 /* PER is not compiled in */
+
+	po.buffer = po.tmpspace;
+	po.nboff = 0;
+	po.nbits = 8 * sizeof(po.tmpspace);
+	po.outper = cb;
+	po.op_key = app_key;
+	po.flushed_bytes = 0;
+
+	er = td->aper_encoder(td, constraints, sptr, &po);
+	if(er.encoded != -1) {
+		size_t bits_to_flush;
+
+		bits_to_flush = ((po.buffer - po.tmpspace) << 3) + po.nboff;
+
+		/* Set number of bits encoded to a firm value */
+		er.encoded = (po.flushed_bytes << 3) + bits_to_flush;
+
+		if(_aper_encode_flush_outp(&po))
+			_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+	}
+
+	return er;
+}
+
diff --git a/src/rspro/per_opentype.c b/src/rspro/per_opentype.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8c42f8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/per_opentype.c
@@ -0,0 +1,407 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2007 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+#include <per_support.h>
+#include <constr_TYPE.h>
+#include <per_opentype.h>
+
+typedef struct uper_ugot_key {
+	asn_per_data_t oldpd;	/* Old per data source */
+	size_t unclaimed;
+	size_t ot_moved;	/* Number of bits moved by OT processing */
+	int repeat;
+} uper_ugot_key;
+
+static int uper_ugot_refill(asn_per_data_t *pd);
+static int per_skip_bits(asn_per_data_t *pd, int skip_nbits);
+static asn_dec_rval_t uper_sot_suck(asn_codec_ctx_t *, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd);
+
+/*
+ * Encode an "open type field".
+ * #10.1, #10.2
+ */
+int
+uper_open_type_put(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_per_outp_t *po) {
+	void *buf;
+	void *bptr;
+	ssize_t size;
+	size_t toGo;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Open type put %s ...", td->name);
+
+	size = uper_encode_to_new_buffer(td, constraints, sptr, &buf);
+	if(size <= 0) return -1;
+
+	for(bptr = buf, toGo = size; toGo;) {
+		ssize_t maySave = uper_put_length(po, toGo);
+		ASN_DEBUG("Prepending length %d to %s and allowing to save %d",
+			(int)size, td->name, (int)maySave);
+		if(maySave < 0) break;
+		if(per_put_many_bits(po, bptr, maySave * 8)) break;
+		bptr = (char *)bptr + maySave;
+		toGo -= maySave;
+	}
+
+	FREEMEM(buf);
+	if(toGo) return -1;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Open type put %s of length %ld + overhead (1byte?)",
+		td->name, (long)size);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+aper_open_type_put(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void *sptr, asn_per_outp_t *po) {
+	void *buf;
+	void *bptr;
+	ssize_t size;
+	size_t toGo;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Open type put %s ...", td->name);
+
+	size = aper_encode_to_new_buffer(td, constraints, sptr, &buf);
+	if(size <= 0) return -1;
+
+	for(bptr = buf, toGo = size; toGo;) {
+		ssize_t maySave = aper_put_length(po, -1, toGo);
+		if(maySave < 0) break;
+		if(per_put_many_bits(po, bptr, maySave * 8)) break;
+		bptr = (char *)bptr + maySave;
+		toGo -= maySave;
+	}
+
+	FREEMEM(buf);
+	if(toGo) return -1;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Open type put %s of length %d + overhead (1byte?)",
+			  td->name, size);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static asn_dec_rval_t
+uper_open_type_get_simple(asn_codec_ctx_t *ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+	asn_dec_rval_t rv;
+	ssize_t chunk_bytes;
+	int repeat;
+	uint8_t *buf = 0;
+	size_t bufLen = 0;
+	size_t bufSize = 0;
+	asn_per_data_t spd;
+	size_t padding;
+
+	_ASN_STACK_OVERFLOW_CHECK(ctx);
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Getting open type %s...", td->name);
+
+	do {
+		chunk_bytes = uper_get_length(pd, -1, &repeat);
+		if(chunk_bytes < 0) {
+			FREEMEM(buf);
+			_ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		}
+		if(bufLen + chunk_bytes > bufSize) {
+			void *ptr;
+			bufSize = chunk_bytes + (bufSize << 2);
+			ptr = REALLOC(buf, bufSize);
+			if(!ptr) {
+				FREEMEM(buf);
+				_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+			}
+			buf = ptr;
+		}
+		if(per_get_many_bits(pd, buf + bufLen, 0, chunk_bytes << 3)) {
+			FREEMEM(buf);
+			_ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		}
+		bufLen += chunk_bytes;
+	} while(repeat);
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Getting open type %s encoded in %ld bytes", td->name,
+		(long)bufLen);
+
+	memset(&spd, 0, sizeof(spd));
+	spd.buffer = buf;
+	spd.nbits = bufLen << 3;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG_INDENT_ADD(+4);
+	rv = td->uper_decoder(ctx, td, constraints, sptr, &spd);
+	ASN_DEBUG_INDENT_ADD(-4);
+
+	if(rv.code == RC_OK) {
+		/* Check padding validity */
+		padding = spd.nbits - spd.nboff;
+                if ((padding < 8 ||
+		/* X.691#10.1.3 */
+		(spd.nboff == 0 && spd.nbits == 8 && spd.buffer == buf)) &&
+                    per_get_few_bits(&spd, padding) == 0) {
+			/* Everything is cool */
+			FREEMEM(buf);
+			return rv;
+		}
+		FREEMEM(buf);
+		if(padding >= 8) {
+			ASN_DEBUG("Too large padding %d in open type", (int)padding);
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+		} else {
+			ASN_DEBUG("Non-zero padding");
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+		}
+	} else {
+		FREEMEM(buf);
+		/* rv.code could be RC_WMORE, nonsense in this context */
+		rv.code = RC_FAIL; /* Noone would give us more */
+	}
+
+	return rv;
+}
+
+static asn_dec_rval_t GCC_NOTUSED
+uper_open_type_get_complex(asn_codec_ctx_t *ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+	uper_ugot_key arg;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rv;
+	ssize_t padding;
+
+	_ASN_STACK_OVERFLOW_CHECK(ctx);
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Getting open type %s from %s", td->name,
+		per_data_string(pd));
+	arg.oldpd = *pd;
+	arg.unclaimed = 0;
+	arg.ot_moved = 0;
+	arg.repeat = 1;
+	pd->refill = uper_ugot_refill;
+	pd->refill_key = &arg;
+	pd->nbits = pd->nboff;	/* 0 good bits at this point, will refill */
+	pd->moved = 0;	/* This now counts the open type size in bits */
+
+	ASN_DEBUG_INDENT_ADD(+4);
+	rv = td->uper_decoder(ctx, td, constraints, sptr, pd);
+	ASN_DEBUG_INDENT_ADD(-4);
+
+#define	UPDRESTOREPD	do {						\
+	/* buffer and nboff are valid, preserve them. */		\
+	pd->nbits = arg.oldpd.nbits - (pd->moved - arg.ot_moved);	\
+	pd->moved = arg.oldpd.moved + (pd->moved - arg.ot_moved);	\
+	pd->refill = arg.oldpd.refill;					\
+	pd->refill_key = arg.oldpd.refill_key;				\
+  } while(0)
+
+	if(rv.code != RC_OK) {
+		UPDRESTOREPD;
+		return rv;
+	}
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("OpenType %s pd%s old%s unclaimed=%d, repeat=%d", td->name,
+		per_data_string(pd),
+		per_data_string(&arg.oldpd),
+		(int)arg.unclaimed, (int)arg.repeat);
+
+	padding = pd->moved % 8;
+	if(padding) {
+		int32_t pvalue;
+		if(padding > 7) {
+			ASN_DEBUG("Too large padding %d in open type",
+				(int)padding);
+			rv.code = RC_FAIL;
+			UPDRESTOREPD;
+			return rv;
+		}
+		padding = 8 - padding;
+		ASN_DEBUG("Getting padding of %d bits", (int)padding);
+		pvalue = per_get_few_bits(pd, padding);
+		switch(pvalue) {
+		case -1:
+			ASN_DEBUG("Padding skip failed");
+			UPDRESTOREPD;
+			_ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		case 0: break;
+		default:
+			ASN_DEBUG("Non-blank padding (%d bits 0x%02x)",
+				(int)padding, (int)pvalue);
+			UPDRESTOREPD;
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+		}
+	}
+	if(pd->nboff != pd->nbits) {
+		ASN_DEBUG("Open type %s overhead pd%s old%s", td->name,
+			per_data_string(pd), per_data_string(&arg.oldpd));
+		if(1) {
+			UPDRESTOREPD;
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+		} else {
+			arg.unclaimed += pd->nbits - pd->nboff;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Adjust pd back so it points to original data */
+	UPDRESTOREPD;
+
+	/* Skip data not consumed by the decoder */
+	if(arg.unclaimed) {
+		ASN_DEBUG("Getting unclaimed %d", (int)arg.unclaimed);
+		switch(per_skip_bits(pd, arg.unclaimed)) {
+		case -1:
+			ASN_DEBUG("Claim of %d failed", (int)arg.unclaimed);
+			_ASN_DECODE_STARVED;
+		case 0:
+			ASN_DEBUG("Got claim of %d", (int)arg.unclaimed);
+			break;
+		default:
+			/* Padding must be blank */
+			ASN_DEBUG("Non-blank unconsumed padding");
+			_ASN_DECODE_FAILED;
+		}
+		arg.unclaimed = 0;
+	}
+
+	if(arg.repeat) {
+		ASN_DEBUG("Not consumed the whole thing");
+		rv.code = RC_FAIL;
+		return rv;
+	}
+
+	return rv;
+}
+
+
+asn_dec_rval_t
+uper_open_type_get(asn_codec_ctx_t *ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+
+	return uper_open_type_get_simple(ctx, td, constraints, sptr, pd);
+}
+
+int
+uper_open_type_skip(asn_codec_ctx_t *ctx, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+	asn_TYPE_descriptor_t s_td;
+	asn_dec_rval_t rv;
+
+	s_td.name = "<unknown extension>";
+	s_td.uper_decoder = uper_sot_suck;
+
+	rv = uper_open_type_get(ctx, &s_td, 0, 0, pd);
+	if(rv.code != RC_OK)
+		return -1;
+	else
+		return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Internal functions.
+ */
+
+static asn_dec_rval_t
+uper_sot_suck(asn_codec_ctx_t *ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+	asn_per_constraints_t *constraints, void **sptr, asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+	asn_dec_rval_t rv;
+
+	(void)ctx;
+	(void)td;
+	(void)constraints;
+	(void)sptr;
+
+	while(per_get_few_bits(pd, 1) >= 0);
+
+	rv.code = RC_OK;
+	rv.consumed = pd->moved;
+
+	return rv;
+}
+
+static int
+uper_ugot_refill(asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+	uper_ugot_key *arg = pd->refill_key;
+	ssize_t next_chunk_bytes, next_chunk_bits;
+	ssize_t avail;
+
+	asn_per_data_t *oldpd = &arg->oldpd;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("REFILLING pd->moved=%ld, oldpd->moved=%ld",
+		(long)pd->moved, (long)oldpd->moved);
+
+	/* Advance our position to where pd is */
+	oldpd->buffer = pd->buffer;
+	oldpd->nboff  = pd->nboff;
+	oldpd->nbits -= pd->moved - arg->ot_moved;
+	oldpd->moved += pd->moved - arg->ot_moved;
+	arg->ot_moved = pd->moved;
+
+	if(arg->unclaimed) {
+		/* Refill the container */
+		if(per_get_few_bits(oldpd, 1))
+			return -1;
+		if(oldpd->nboff == 0) {
+			assert(0);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		pd->buffer = oldpd->buffer;
+		pd->nboff = oldpd->nboff - 1;
+		pd->nbits = oldpd->nbits;
+		ASN_DEBUG("UNCLAIMED <- return from (pd->moved=%ld)",
+			(long)pd->moved);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if(!arg->repeat) {
+		ASN_DEBUG("Want more but refill doesn't have it");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	next_chunk_bytes = uper_get_length(oldpd, -1, &arg->repeat);
+	ASN_DEBUG("Open type LENGTH %ld bytes at off %ld, repeat %ld",
+		(long)next_chunk_bytes, (long)oldpd->moved, (long)arg->repeat);
+	if(next_chunk_bytes < 0) return -1;
+	if(next_chunk_bytes == 0) {
+		pd->refill = 0;	/* No more refills, naturally */
+		assert(!arg->repeat);	/* Implementation guarantee */
+	}
+	next_chunk_bits = next_chunk_bytes << 3;
+	avail = oldpd->nbits - oldpd->nboff;
+	if(avail >= next_chunk_bits) {
+		pd->nbits = oldpd->nboff + next_chunk_bits;
+		arg->unclaimed = 0;
+		ASN_DEBUG("!+Parent frame %ld bits, alloting %ld [%ld..%ld] (%ld)",
+			(long)next_chunk_bits, (long)oldpd->moved,
+			(long)oldpd->nboff, (long)oldpd->nbits,
+			(long)(oldpd->nbits - oldpd->nboff));
+	} else {
+		pd->nbits = oldpd->nbits;
+		arg->unclaimed = next_chunk_bits - avail;
+		ASN_DEBUG("!-Parent frame %ld, require %ld, will claim %ld",
+			(long)avail, (long)next_chunk_bits,
+			(long)arg->unclaimed);
+	}
+	pd->buffer = oldpd->buffer;
+	pd->nboff = oldpd->nboff;
+	ASN_DEBUG("Refilled pd%s old%s",
+		per_data_string(pd), per_data_string(oldpd));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+per_skip_bits(asn_per_data_t *pd, int skip_nbits) {
+	int hasNonZeroBits = 0;
+	while(skip_nbits > 0) {
+		int skip;
+
+		/* per_get_few_bits() is more efficient when nbits <= 24 */
+		if(skip_nbits < 24)
+			skip = skip_nbits;
+		else
+			skip = 24;
+		skip_nbits -= skip;
+
+		switch(per_get_few_bits(pd, skip)) {
+		case -1: return -1;	/* Starving */
+		case 0: continue;	/* Skipped empty space */
+		default: hasNonZeroBits = 1; continue;
+		}
+	}
+	return hasNonZeroBits;
+}
diff --git a/src/rspro/per_support.c b/src/rspro/per_support.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d536bc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/per_support.c
@@ -0,0 +1,679 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2005-2014 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#include <asn_system.h>
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+#include <per_support.h>
+
+char *
+per_data_string(asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+	static char buf[2][32];
+	static int n;
+	n = (n+1) % 2;
+	snprintf(buf[n], sizeof(buf),
+		"{m=%ld span %+ld[%d..%d] (%d)}",
+		(long)pd->moved,
+		(((long)pd->buffer) & 0xf),
+		(int)pd->nboff, (int)pd->nbits,
+		(int)(pd->nbits - pd->nboff));
+	return buf[n];
+}
+
+void
+per_get_undo(asn_per_data_t *pd, int nbits) {
+	if((ssize_t)pd->nboff < nbits) {
+		assert((ssize_t)pd->nboff < nbits);
+	} else {
+		pd->nboff -= nbits;
+		pd->moved -= nbits;
+	}
+}
+
+int32_t
+aper_get_align(asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+
+	if(pd->nboff & 0x7) {
+		ASN_DEBUG("Aligning %d bits", 8 - (pd->nboff & 0x7));
+		return per_get_few_bits(pd, 8 - (pd->nboff & 0x7));
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Extract a small number of bits (<= 31) from the specified PER data pointer.
+ */
+int32_t
+per_get_few_bits(asn_per_data_t *pd, int nbits) {
+	size_t off;	/* Next after last bit offset */
+	ssize_t nleft;	/* Number of bits left in this stream */
+	uint32_t accum;
+	const uint8_t *buf;
+
+	if(nbits < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	nleft = pd->nbits - pd->nboff;
+	if(nbits > nleft) {
+		int32_t tailv, vhead;
+		if(!pd->refill || nbits > 31) return -1;
+		/* Accumulate unused bytes before refill */
+		ASN_DEBUG("Obtain the rest %d bits (want %d)",
+			(int)nleft, (int)nbits);
+		tailv = per_get_few_bits(pd, nleft);
+		if(tailv < 0) return -1;
+		/* Refill (replace pd contents with new data) */
+		if(pd->refill(pd))
+			return -1;
+		nbits -= nleft;
+		vhead = per_get_few_bits(pd, nbits);
+		/* Combine the rest of previous pd with the head of new one */
+		tailv = (tailv << nbits) | vhead;  /* Could == -1 */
+		return tailv;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Normalize position indicator.
+	 */
+	if(pd->nboff >= 8) {
+		pd->buffer += (pd->nboff >> 3);
+		pd->nbits  -= (pd->nboff & ~0x07);
+		pd->nboff  &= 0x07;
+	}
+	pd->moved += nbits;
+	pd->nboff += nbits;
+	off = pd->nboff;
+	buf = pd->buffer;
+
+	/*
+	 * Extract specified number of bits.
+	 */
+	if(off <= 8)
+		accum = nbits ? (buf[0]) >> (8 - off) : 0;
+	else if(off <= 16)
+		accum = ((buf[0] << 8) + buf[1]) >> (16 - off);
+	else if(off <= 24)
+		accum = ((buf[0] << 16) + (buf[1] << 8) + buf[2]) >> (24 - off);
+	else if(off <= 31)
+		accum = ((buf[0] << 24) + (buf[1] << 16)
+			+ (buf[2] << 8) + (buf[3])) >> (32 - off);
+	else if(nbits <= 31) {
+		asn_per_data_t tpd = *pd;
+		/* Here are we with our 31-bits limit plus 1..7 bits offset. */
+		per_get_undo(&tpd, nbits);
+		/* The number of available bits in the stream allow
+		 * for the following operations to take place without
+		 * invoking the ->refill() function */
+		accum  = per_get_few_bits(&tpd, nbits - 24) << 24;
+		accum |= per_get_few_bits(&tpd, 24);
+	} else {
+		per_get_undo(pd, nbits);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	accum &= (((uint32_t)1 << nbits) - 1);
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("  [PER got %2d<=%2d bits => span %d %+ld[%d..%d]:%02x (%d) => 0x%02x]",
+		(int)nbits, (int)nleft,
+		(int)pd->moved,
+		(((long)pd->buffer) & 0xf),
+		(int)pd->nboff, (int)pd->nbits,
+		pd->buffer[0],
+		(int)(pd->nbits - pd->nboff),
+		(int)accum);
+
+	return accum;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Extract a large number of bits from the specified PER data pointer.
+ */
+int
+per_get_many_bits(asn_per_data_t *pd, uint8_t *dst, int alright, int nbits) {
+	int32_t value;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("align: %s, nbits %d", alright ? "YES":"NO", nbits);
+
+	if(alright && (nbits & 7)) {
+		/* Perform right alignment of a first few bits */
+		value = per_get_few_bits(pd, nbits & 0x07);
+		if(value < 0) return -1;
+		*dst++ = value;	/* value is already right-aligned */
+		nbits &= ~7;
+	}
+
+	while(nbits) {
+		if(nbits >= 24) {
+			value = per_get_few_bits(pd, 24);
+			if(value < 0) return -1;
+			*(dst++) = value >> 16;
+			*(dst++) = value >> 8;
+			*(dst++) = value;
+			nbits -= 24;
+		} else {
+			value = per_get_few_bits(pd, nbits);
+			if(value < 0) return -1;
+			if(nbits & 7) {	/* implies left alignment */
+				value <<= 8 - (nbits & 7),
+				nbits += 8 - (nbits & 7);
+				if(nbits > 24)
+					*dst++ = value >> 24;
+			}
+			if(nbits > 16)
+				*dst++ = value >> 16;
+			if(nbits > 8)
+				*dst++ = value >> 8;
+			*dst++ = value;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get the length "n" from the stream.
+ */
+ssize_t
+uper_get_length(asn_per_data_t *pd, int ebits, int *repeat) {
+	ssize_t value;
+
+	*repeat = 0;
+
+	if(ebits >= 0) return per_get_few_bits(pd, ebits);
+
+	value = per_get_few_bits(pd, 8);
+	if(value < 0) return -1;
+	if((value & 128) == 0)	/* #10.9.3.6 */
+		return (value & 0x7F);
+	if((value & 64) == 0) {	/* #10.9.3.7 */
+		value = ((value & 63) << 8) | per_get_few_bits(pd, 8);
+		if(value < 0) return -1;
+		return value;
+	}
+	value &= 63;	/* this is "m" from X.691, #10.9.3.8 */
+	if(value < 1 || value > 4)
+		return -1;
+	*repeat = 1;
+	return (16384 * value);
+}
+
+ssize_t
+aper_get_length(asn_per_data_t *pd, int range, int ebits, int *repeat) {
+	ssize_t value;
+
+	*repeat = 0;
+
+	if (range <= 65536 && range >= 0)
+		return aper_get_nsnnwn(pd, range);
+
+	if (aper_get_align(pd) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	if(ebits >= 0) return per_get_few_bits(pd, ebits);
+
+	value = per_get_few_bits(pd, 8);
+	if(value < 0) return -1;
+	if((value & 128) == 0)  /* #10.9.3.6 */
+		return (value & 0x7F);
+	if((value & 64) == 0) { /* #10.9.3.7 */
+		value = ((value & 63) << 8) | per_get_few_bits(pd, 8);
+		if(value < 0) return -1;
+		return value;
+	}
+	value &= 63;	/* this is "m" from X.691, #10.9.3.8 */
+	if(value < 1 || value > 4)
+		return -1;
+	*repeat = 1;
+	return (16384 * value);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get the normally small length "n".
+ * This procedure used to decode length of extensions bit-maps
+ * for SET and SEQUENCE types.
+ */
+ssize_t
+uper_get_nslength(asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+	ssize_t length;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Getting normally small length");
+
+	if(per_get_few_bits(pd, 1) == 0) {
+		length = per_get_few_bits(pd, 6) + 1;
+		if(length <= 0) return -1;
+		ASN_DEBUG("l=%d", (int)length);
+		return length;
+	} else {
+		int repeat;
+		length = uper_get_length(pd, -1, &repeat);
+		if(length >= 0 && !repeat) return length;
+		return -1; /* Error, or do not support >16K extensions */
+	}
+}
+
+ssize_t
+aper_get_nslength(asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+	ssize_t length;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("Getting normally small length");
+
+	if(per_get_few_bits(pd, 1) == 0) {
+		length = per_get_few_bits(pd, 6) + 1;
+		if(length <= 0) return -1;
+		ASN_DEBUG("l=%d", length);
+		return length;
+	} else {
+		int repeat;
+		length = aper_get_length(pd, -1, -1, &repeat);
+		if(length >= 0 && !repeat) return length;
+		return -1; /* Error, or do not support >16K extensions */
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get the normally small non-negative whole number.
+ * X.691, #10.6
+ */
+ssize_t
+uper_get_nsnnwn(asn_per_data_t *pd) {
+	ssize_t value;
+
+	value = per_get_few_bits(pd, 7);
+	if(value & 64) {	/* implicit (value < 0) */
+		value &= 63;
+		value <<= 2;
+		value |= per_get_few_bits(pd, 2);
+		if(value & 128)	/* implicit (value < 0) */
+			return -1;
+		if(value == 0)
+			return 0;
+		if(value >= 3)
+			return -1;
+		value = per_get_few_bits(pd, 8 * value);
+		return value;
+	}
+
+	return value;
+}
+
+ssize_t
+aper_get_nsnnwn(asn_per_data_t *pd, int range) {
+	ssize_t value;
+	int bytes = 0;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("getting nsnnwn with range %d", range);
+
+	if(range <= 255) {
+		if (range < 0) return -1;
+		/* 1 -> 8 bits */
+		int i;
+		for (i = 1; i <= 8; i++) {
+			int upper = 1 << i;
+			if (upper >= range)
+				break;
+		}
+		value = per_get_few_bits(pd, i);
+		return value;
+	} else if (range == 256){
+		/* 1 byte */
+		bytes = 1;
+		return -1;
+	} else if (range <= 65536) {
+		/* 2 bytes */
+		bytes = 2;
+	} else {
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (aper_get_align(pd) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	value = per_get_few_bits(pd, 8 * bytes);
+	return value;
+}
+
+/*
+ * X.691-11/2008, #11.6
+ * Encoding of a normally small non-negative whole number
+ */
+int
+uper_put_nsnnwn(asn_per_outp_t *po, int n) {
+	int bytes;
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("uper put nsnnwn n %d", n);
+	if(n <= 63) {
+		if(n < 0) return -1;
+		return per_put_few_bits(po, n, 7);
+	}
+	if(n < 256)
+		bytes = 1;
+	else if(n < 65536)
+		bytes = 2;
+	else if(n < 256 * 65536)
+		bytes = 3;
+	else
+		return -1;	/* This is not a "normally small" value */
+	if(per_put_few_bits(po, bytes, 8))
+		return -1;
+
+	return per_put_few_bits(po, n, 8 * bytes);
+}
+
+
+/* X.691-2008/11, #11.5.6 -> #11.3 */
+int uper_get_constrained_whole_number(asn_per_data_t *pd, unsigned long *out_value, int nbits) {
+	unsigned long lhalf;    /* Lower half of the number*/
+	long half;
+
+	if(nbits <= 31) {
+		half = per_get_few_bits(pd, nbits);
+		if(half < 0) return -1;
+		*out_value = half;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if((size_t)nbits > 8 * sizeof(*out_value))
+		return -1;  /* RANGE */
+
+	half = per_get_few_bits(pd, 31);
+	if(half < 0) return -1;
+
+	if(uper_get_constrained_whole_number(pd, &lhalf, nbits - 31))
+		return -1;
+
+	*out_value = ((unsigned long)half << (nbits - 31)) | lhalf;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+/* X.691-2008/11, #11.5.6 -> #11.3 */
+int uper_put_constrained_whole_number_s(asn_per_outp_t *po, long v, int nbits) {
+	/*
+	 * Assume signed number can be safely coerced into
+	 * unsigned of the same range.
+	 * The following testing code will likely be optimized out
+	 * by compiler if it is true.
+	 */
+	unsigned long uvalue1 = ULONG_MAX;
+	         long svalue  = uvalue1;
+	unsigned long uvalue2 = svalue;
+	assert(uvalue1 == uvalue2);
+	return uper_put_constrained_whole_number_u(po, v, nbits);
+}
+
+int uper_put_constrained_whole_number_u(asn_per_outp_t *po, unsigned long v, int nbits) {
+	if(nbits <= 31) {
+		return per_put_few_bits(po, v, nbits);
+	} else {
+		/* Put higher portion first, followed by lower 31-bit */
+		if(uper_put_constrained_whole_number_u(po, v >> 31, nbits - 31))
+			return -1;
+		return per_put_few_bits(po, v, 31);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Put a small number of bits (<= 31).
+ */
+int
+per_put_few_bits(asn_per_outp_t *po, uint32_t bits, int obits) {
+	size_t off;	/* Next after last bit offset */
+	size_t omsk;	/* Existing last byte meaningful bits mask */
+	uint8_t *buf;
+
+	if(obits <= 0 || obits >= 32) return obits ? -1 : 0;
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("[PER put %d bits %x to %p+%d bits]",
+			obits, (int)bits, po->buffer, (int)po->nboff);
+
+	/*
+	 * Normalize position indicator.
+	 */
+	if(po->nboff >= 8) {
+		po->buffer += (po->nboff >> 3);
+		po->nbits  -= (po->nboff & ~0x07);
+		po->nboff  &= 0x07;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Flush whole-bytes output, if necessary.
+	 */
+	if(po->nboff + obits > po->nbits) {
+		int complete_bytes = (po->buffer - po->tmpspace);
+		ASN_DEBUG("[PER output %ld complete + %ld]",
+			(long)complete_bytes, (long)po->flushed_bytes);
+		if(po->outper(po->tmpspace, complete_bytes, po->op_key) < 0)
+			return -1;
+		if(po->nboff)
+			po->tmpspace[0] = po->buffer[0];
+		po->buffer = po->tmpspace;
+		po->nbits = 8 * sizeof(po->tmpspace);
+		po->flushed_bytes += complete_bytes;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Now, due to sizeof(tmpspace), we are guaranteed large enough space.
+	 */
+	buf = po->buffer;
+	omsk = ~((1 << (8 - po->nboff)) - 1);
+	off = (po->nboff + obits);
+
+	/* Clear data of debris before meaningful bits */
+	bits &= (((uint32_t)1 << obits) - 1);
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("[PER out %d %u/%x (t=%d,o=%d) %x&%x=%x]", obits,
+		(int)bits, (int)bits,
+		(int)po->nboff, (int)off,
+		buf[0], (int)(omsk&0xff),
+		(int)(buf[0] & omsk));
+
+	if(off <= 8)	/* Completely within 1 byte */
+		po->nboff = off,
+		bits <<= (8 - off),
+		buf[0] = (buf[0] & omsk) | bits;
+	else if(off <= 16)
+		po->nboff = off,
+		bits <<= (16 - off),
+		buf[0] = (buf[0] & omsk) | (bits >> 8),
+		buf[1] = bits;
+	else if(off <= 24)
+		po->nboff = off,
+		bits <<= (24 - off),
+		buf[0] = (buf[0] & omsk) | (bits >> 16),
+		buf[1] = bits >> 8,
+		buf[2] = bits;
+	else if(off <= 31)
+		po->nboff = off,
+		bits <<= (32 - off),
+		buf[0] = (buf[0] & omsk) | (bits >> 24),
+		buf[1] = bits >> 16,
+		buf[2] = bits >> 8,
+		buf[3] = bits;
+	else {
+		per_put_few_bits(po, bits >> (obits - 24), 24);
+		per_put_few_bits(po, bits, obits - 24);
+	}
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("[PER out %u/%x => %02x buf+%ld]",
+		(int)bits, (int)bits, buf[0],
+		(long)(po->buffer - po->tmpspace));
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+aper_put_nsnnwn(asn_per_outp_t *po, int range, int number) {
+	int bytes;
+
+    ASN_DEBUG("aper put nsnnwn %d with range %d", number, range);
+	/* 10.5.7.1 X.691 */
+	if(range < 0) {
+		int i;
+		for (i = 1; ; i++) {
+			int bits = 1 << (8 * i);
+			if (number <= bits)
+				break;
+		}
+		bytes = i;
+		assert(i <= 4);
+	}
+	if(range <= 255) {
+		int i;
+		for (i = 1; i <= 8; i++) {
+			int bits = 1 << i;
+			if (range <= bits)
+				break;
+		}
+		return per_put_few_bits(po, number, i);
+	} else if(range == 256) {
+		bytes = 1;
+	} else if(range <= 65536) {
+		bytes = 2;
+	} else { /* Ranges > 64K */
+		int i;
+		for (i = 1; ; i++) {
+			int bits = 1 << (8 * i);
+			if (range <= bits)
+				break;
+		}
+		assert(i <= 4);
+		bytes = i;
+	}
+	if(aper_put_align(po) < 0) /* Aligning on octet */
+		return -1;
+// 	if(per_put_few_bits(po, bytes, 8))
+// 		return -1;
+
+    return per_put_few_bits(po, number, 8 * bytes);
+}
+
+int aper_put_align(asn_per_outp_t *po) {
+
+	if(po->nboff & 0x7) {
+		ASN_DEBUG("Aligning %d bits", 8 - (po->nboff & 0x7));
+		if(per_put_few_bits(po, 0x00, (8 - (po->nboff & 0x7))))
+			return -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Output a large number of bits.
+ */
+int
+per_put_many_bits(asn_per_outp_t *po, const uint8_t *src, int nbits) {
+
+	while(nbits) {
+		uint32_t value;
+
+		if(nbits >= 24) {
+			value = (src[0] << 16) | (src[1] << 8) | src[2];
+			src += 3;
+			nbits -= 24;
+			if(per_put_few_bits(po, value, 24))
+				return -1;
+		} else {
+			value = src[0];
+			if(nbits > 8)
+				value = (value << 8) | src[1];
+			if(nbits > 16)
+				value = (value << 8) | src[2];
+			if(nbits & 0x07)
+				value >>= (8 - (nbits & 0x07));
+			if(per_put_few_bits(po, value, nbits))
+				return -1;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Put the length "n" (or part of it) into the stream.
+ */
+ssize_t
+uper_put_length(asn_per_outp_t *po, size_t length) {
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("UPER put length %d", length);
+
+	if(length <= 127)	/* #10.9.3.6 */
+		return per_put_few_bits(po, length, 8)
+			? -1 : (ssize_t)length;
+	else if(length < 16384)	/* #10.9.3.7 */
+		return per_put_few_bits(po, length|0x8000, 16)
+			? -1 : (ssize_t)length;
+
+	length >>= 14;
+	if(length > 4) length = 4;
+
+	return per_put_few_bits(po, 0xC0 | length, 8)
+			? -1 : (ssize_t)(length << 14);
+}
+
+ssize_t
+aper_put_length(asn_per_outp_t *po, int range, size_t length) {
+
+	ASN_DEBUG("APER put length %d with range %d", length, range);
+
+	/* 10.9 X.691 Note 2 */
+	if (range <= 65536 && range >= 0)
+		return aper_put_nsnnwn(po, range, length);
+
+	if (aper_put_align(po) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	if(length <= 127)	   /* #10.9.3.6 */{
+		return per_put_few_bits(po, length, 8)
+		? -1 : (ssize_t)length;
+	}
+	else if(length < 16384) /* #10.9.3.7 */
+		return per_put_few_bits(po, length|0x8000, 16)
+		? -1 : (ssize_t)length;
+
+	length >>= 14;
+	if(length > 4) length = 4;
+
+	return per_put_few_bits(po, 0xC0 | length, 8)
+	? -1 : (ssize_t)(length << 14);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Put the normally small length "n" into the stream.
+ * This procedure used to encode length of extensions bit-maps
+ * for SET and SEQUENCE types.
+ */
+int
+uper_put_nslength(asn_per_outp_t *po, size_t length) {
+
+	if(length <= 64) {
+		/* #10.9.3.4 */
+		if(length == 0) return -1;
+		return per_put_few_bits(po, length-1, 7) ? -1 : 0;
+	} else {
+		if(uper_put_length(po, length) != (ssize_t)length) {
+			/* This might happen in case of >16K extensions */
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+aper_put_nslength(asn_per_outp_t *po, size_t length) {
+
+	if(length <= 64) {
+		/* #10.9.3.4 */
+		if(length == 0) return -1;
+		return per_put_few_bits(po, length-1, 7) ? -1 : 0;
+	} else {
+		if(aper_put_length(po, -1, length) != (ssize_t)length) {
+			/* This might happen in case of >16K extensions */
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/src/rspro/xer_decoder.c b/src/rspro/xer_decoder.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb4b5f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/xer_decoder.c
@@ -0,0 +1,365 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2004, 2005 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#include <asn_application.h>
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+#include <xer_support.h>		/* XER/XML parsing support */
+
+
+/*
+ * Decode the XER encoding of a given type.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t
+xer_decode(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td,
+		void **struct_ptr, const void *buffer, size_t size) {
+	asn_codec_ctx_t s_codec_ctx;
+
+	/*
+	 * Stack checker requires that the codec context
+	 * must be allocated on the stack.
+	 */
+	if(opt_codec_ctx) {
+		if(opt_codec_ctx->max_stack_size) {
+			s_codec_ctx = *opt_codec_ctx;
+			opt_codec_ctx = &s_codec_ctx;
+		}
+	} else {
+		/* If context is not given, be security-conscious anyway */
+		memset(&s_codec_ctx, 0, sizeof(s_codec_ctx));
+		s_codec_ctx.max_stack_size = _ASN_DEFAULT_STACK_MAX;
+		opt_codec_ctx = &s_codec_ctx;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Invoke type-specific decoder.
+	 */
+	return td->xer_decoder(opt_codec_ctx, td, struct_ptr, 0, buffer, size);
+}
+
+
+
+struct xer__cb_arg {
+	pxml_chunk_type_e	chunk_type;
+	size_t			chunk_size;
+	const void		*chunk_buf;
+	int callback_not_invoked;
+};
+
+static int
+xer__token_cb(pxml_chunk_type_e type, const void *_chunk_data, size_t _chunk_size, void *key) {
+	struct xer__cb_arg *arg = (struct xer__cb_arg *)key;
+	arg->chunk_type = type;
+	arg->chunk_size = _chunk_size;
+	arg->chunk_buf = _chunk_data;
+	arg->callback_not_invoked = 0;
+	return -1;	/* Terminate the XML parsing */
+}
+
+/*
+ * Fetch the next token from the XER/XML stream.
+ */
+ssize_t
+xer_next_token(int *stateContext, const void *buffer, size_t size, pxer_chunk_type_e *ch_type) {
+	struct xer__cb_arg arg;
+	int new_stateContext = *stateContext;
+	ssize_t ret;
+
+	arg.callback_not_invoked = 1;
+	ret = pxml_parse(&new_stateContext, buffer, size, xer__token_cb, &arg);
+	if(ret < 0) return -1;
+	if(arg.callback_not_invoked) {
+		assert(ret == 0);	/* No data was consumed */
+		return 0;		/* Try again with more data */
+	} else {
+		assert(arg.chunk_size);
+		assert(arg.chunk_buf == buffer);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Translate the XML chunk types into more convenient ones.
+	 */
+	switch(arg.chunk_type) {
+	case PXML_TEXT:
+		*ch_type = PXER_TEXT;
+		break;
+	case PXML_TAG: return 0;	/* Want more */
+	case PXML_TAG_END:
+		*ch_type = PXER_TAG;
+		break;
+	case PXML_COMMENT:
+	case PXML_COMMENT_END:
+		*ch_type = PXER_COMMENT;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	*stateContext = new_stateContext;
+	return arg.chunk_size;
+}
+
+#define	CSLASH	0x2f	/* '/' */
+#define	LANGLE	0x3c	/* '<' */
+#define	RANGLE	0x3e	/* '>' */
+
+xer_check_tag_e
+xer_check_tag(const void *buf_ptr, int size, const char *need_tag) {
+	const char *buf = (const char *)buf_ptr;
+	const char *end;
+	xer_check_tag_e ct = XCT_OPENING;
+
+	if(size < 2 || buf[0] != LANGLE || buf[size-1] != RANGLE) {
+		if(size >= 2)
+			ASN_DEBUG("Broken XML tag: \"%c...%c\"",
+			buf[0], buf[size - 1]);
+		return XCT_BROKEN;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Determine the tag class.
+	 */
+	if(buf[1] == CSLASH) {
+		buf += 2;	/* advance past "</" */
+		size -= 3;	/* strip "</" and ">" */
+		ct = XCT_CLOSING;
+		if(size > 0 && buf[size-1] == CSLASH)
+			return XCT_BROKEN;	/* </abc/> */
+	} else {
+		buf++;		/* advance past "<" */
+		size -= 2;	/* strip "<" and ">" */
+		if(size > 0 && buf[size-1] == CSLASH) {
+			ct = XCT_BOTH;
+			size--;	/* One more, for "/" */
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Sometimes we don't care about the tag */
+	if(!need_tag || !*need_tag)
+		return (xer_check_tag_e)(XCT__UNK__MASK | ct);
+
+	/*
+	 * Determine the tag name.
+	 */
+	for(end = buf + size; buf < end; buf++, need_tag++) {
+		int b = *buf, n = *need_tag;
+		if(b != n) {
+			if(n == 0) {
+				switch(b) {
+				case 0x09: case 0x0a: case 0x0c: case 0x0d:
+				case 0x20:
+					/* "<abc def/>": whitespace is normal */
+					return ct;
+				}
+			}
+			return (xer_check_tag_e)(XCT__UNK__MASK | ct);
+		}
+		if(b == 0)
+			return XCT_BROKEN;	/* Embedded 0 in buf?! */
+	}
+	if(*need_tag)
+		return (xer_check_tag_e)(XCT__UNK__MASK | ct);
+
+	return ct;
+}
+
+
+#undef	ADVANCE
+#define	ADVANCE(num_bytes)	do {				\
+		size_t num = (num_bytes);			\
+		buf_ptr = ((const char *)buf_ptr) + num;	\
+		size -= num;					\
+		consumed_myself += num;				\
+	} while(0)
+
+#undef	RETURN
+#define	RETURN(_code)	do {					\
+		rval.code = _code;				\
+		rval.consumed = consumed_myself;		\
+		if(rval.code != RC_OK)				\
+			ASN_DEBUG("Failed with %d", rval.code);	\
+		return rval;					\
+	} while(0)
+
+#define	XER_GOT_BODY(chunk_buf, chunk_size, size)	do {	\
+		ssize_t converted_size = body_receiver		\
+			(struct_key, chunk_buf, chunk_size,	\
+				(size_t)chunk_size < size);	\
+		if(converted_size == -1) RETURN(RC_FAIL);	\
+		if(converted_size == 0				\
+			&& size == (size_t)chunk_size)		\
+			RETURN(RC_WMORE);			\
+		chunk_size = converted_size;			\
+	} while(0)
+#define	XER_GOT_EMPTY()	do {					\
+	if(body_receiver(struct_key, 0, 0, size > 0) == -1)	\
+			RETURN(RC_FAIL);			\
+	} while(0)
+
+/*
+ * Generalized function for decoding the primitive values.
+ */
+asn_dec_rval_t
+xer_decode_general(asn_codec_ctx_t *opt_codec_ctx,
+	asn_struct_ctx_t *ctx,	/* Type decoder context */
+	void *struct_key,
+	const char *xml_tag,	/* Expected XML tag */
+	const void *buf_ptr, size_t size,
+	int (*opt_unexpected_tag_decoder)
+		(void *struct_key, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size),
+	ssize_t (*body_receiver)
+		(void *struct_key, const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size,
+			int have_more)
+	) {
+
+	asn_dec_rval_t rval;
+	ssize_t consumed_myself = 0;
+
+	(void)opt_codec_ctx;
+
+	/*
+	 * Phases of XER/XML processing:
+	 * Phase 0: Check that the opening tag matches our expectations.
+	 * Phase 1: Processing body and reacting on closing tag.
+	 */
+	if(ctx->phase > 1) RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+	for(;;) {
+		pxer_chunk_type_e ch_type;	/* XER chunk type */
+		ssize_t ch_size;		/* Chunk size */
+		xer_check_tag_e tcv;		/* Tag check value */
+
+		/*
+		 * Get the next part of the XML stream.
+		 */
+		ch_size = xer_next_token(&ctx->context, buf_ptr, size,
+			&ch_type);
+		switch(ch_size) {
+		case -1: RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+		case 0:
+			RETURN(RC_WMORE);
+		default:
+			switch(ch_type) {
+			case PXER_COMMENT:		/* Got XML comment */
+				ADVANCE(ch_size);	/* Skip silently */
+				continue;
+			case PXER_TEXT:
+				if(ctx->phase == 0) {
+					/*
+					 * We have to ignore whitespace here,
+					 * but in order to be forward compatible
+					 * with EXTENDED-XER (EMBED-VALUES, #25)
+					 * any text is just ignored here.
+					 */
+				} else {
+					XER_GOT_BODY(buf_ptr, ch_size, size);
+				}
+				ADVANCE(ch_size);
+				continue;
+			case PXER_TAG:
+				break;	/* Check the rest down there */
+			}
+		}
+
+		assert(ch_type == PXER_TAG && size);
+
+		tcv = xer_check_tag(buf_ptr, ch_size, xml_tag);
+		/*
+		 * Phase 0:
+		 * 	Expecting the opening tag
+		 * 	for the type being processed.
+		 * Phase 1:
+		 * 	Waiting for the closing XML tag.
+		 */
+		switch(tcv) {
+		case XCT_BOTH:
+			if(ctx->phase) break;
+			/* Finished decoding of an empty element */
+			XER_GOT_EMPTY();
+			ADVANCE(ch_size);
+			ctx->phase = 2;	/* Phase out */
+			RETURN(RC_OK);
+		case XCT_OPENING:
+			if(ctx->phase) break;
+			ADVANCE(ch_size);
+			ctx->phase = 1;	/* Processing body phase */
+			continue;
+		case XCT_CLOSING:
+			if(!ctx->phase) break;
+			ADVANCE(ch_size);
+			ctx->phase = 2;	/* Phase out */
+			RETURN(RC_OK);
+		case XCT_UNKNOWN_BO:
+			/*
+			 * Certain tags in the body may be expected.
+			 */
+			if(opt_unexpected_tag_decoder
+			&& opt_unexpected_tag_decoder(struct_key,
+					buf_ptr, ch_size) >= 0) {
+				/* Tag's processed fine */
+				ADVANCE(ch_size);
+				if(!ctx->phase) {
+					/* We are not expecting
+					 * the closing tag anymore. */
+					ctx->phase = 2;	/* Phase out */
+					RETURN(RC_OK);
+				}
+				continue;
+			}
+			/* Fall through */
+		default:
+			break;		/* Unexpected tag */
+		}
+
+		ASN_DEBUG("Unexpected XML tag (expected \"%s\")", xml_tag);
+		break;	/* Dark and mysterious things have just happened */
+	}
+
+	RETURN(RC_FAIL);
+}
+
+
+size_t
+xer_whitespace_span(const void *chunk_buf, size_t chunk_size) {
+	const char *p = (const char *)chunk_buf;
+	const char *pend = p + chunk_size;
+
+	for(; p < pend; p++) {
+		switch(*p) {
+		/* X.693, #8.1.4
+		 * HORISONTAL TAB (9)
+		 * LINE FEED (10) 
+		 * CARRIAGE RETURN (13) 
+		 * SPACE (32)
+		 */
+		case 0x09: case 0x0a: case 0x0d: case 0x20:
+			continue;
+		default:
+			break;
+		}
+		break;
+	}
+	return (p - (const char *)chunk_buf);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is a vastly simplified, non-validating XML tree skipper.
+ */
+int
+xer_skip_unknown(xer_check_tag_e tcv, ber_tlv_len_t *depth) {
+	assert(*depth > 0);
+	switch(tcv) {
+	case XCT_BOTH:
+	case XCT_UNKNOWN_BO:
+		/* These negate each other. */
+		return 0;
+	case XCT_OPENING:
+	case XCT_UNKNOWN_OP:
+		++(*depth);
+		return 0;
+	case XCT_CLOSING:
+	case XCT_UNKNOWN_CL:
+		if(--(*depth) == 0)
+			return (tcv == XCT_CLOSING) ? 2 : 1;
+		return 0;
+	default:
+		return -1;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/src/rspro/xer_encoder.c b/src/rspro/xer_encoder.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aa7cf04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/xer_encoder.c
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*-
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>. All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#include <asn_internal.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+/*
+ * The XER encoder of any type. May be invoked by the application.
+ */
+asn_enc_rval_t
+xer_encode(asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr,
+	enum xer_encoder_flags_e xer_flags,
+		asn_app_consume_bytes_f *cb, void *app_key) {
+	asn_enc_rval_t er, tmper;
+	const char *mname;
+	size_t mlen;
+	int xcan = (xer_flags & XER_F_CANONICAL) ? 1 : 2;
+
+	if(!td || !sptr) goto cb_failed;
+
+	mname = td->xml_tag;
+	mlen = strlen(mname);
+
+	_ASN_CALLBACK3("<", 1, mname, mlen, ">", 1);
+
+	tmper = td->xer_encoder(td, sptr, 1, xer_flags, cb, app_key);
+	if(tmper.encoded == -1) return tmper;
+
+	_ASN_CALLBACK3("</", 2, mname, mlen, ">\n", xcan);
+
+	er.encoded = 4 + xcan + (2 * mlen) + tmper.encoded;
+
+	_ASN_ENCODED_OK(er);
+cb_failed:
+	_ASN_ENCODE_FAILED;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is a helper function for xer_fprint, which directs all incoming data
+ * into the provided file descriptor.
+ */
+static int
+xer__print2fp(const void *buffer, size_t size, void *app_key) {
+	FILE *stream = (FILE *)app_key;
+
+	if(fwrite(buffer, 1, size, stream) != size)
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int
+xer_fprint(FILE *stream, asn_TYPE_descriptor_t *td, void *sptr) {
+	asn_enc_rval_t er;
+
+	if(!stream) stream = stdout;
+	if(!td || !sptr)
+		return -1;
+
+	er = xer_encode(td, sptr, XER_F_BASIC, xer__print2fp, stream);
+	if(er.encoded == -1)
+		return -1;
+
+	return fflush(stream);
+}
diff --git a/src/rspro/xer_support.c b/src/rspro/xer_support.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..36b4bfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/rspro/xer_support.c
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004 X/IO Labs, xiolabs.com.
+ * Copyright (c) 2003, 2004, 2005 Lev Walkin <vlm@lionet.info>.
+ * 	All rights reserved.
+ * Redistribution and modifications are permitted subject to BSD license.
+ */
+#include <asn_system.h>
+#include <xer_support.h>
+
+/* Parser states */
+typedef enum {
+	ST_TEXT,
+	ST_TAG_START,
+	ST_TAG_BODY,
+	ST_TAG_QUOTE_WAIT,
+	ST_TAG_QUOTED_STRING,
+	ST_TAG_UNQUOTED_STRING,
+	ST_COMMENT_WAIT_DASH1,	/* "<!--"[1] */
+	ST_COMMENT_WAIT_DASH2,	/* "<!--"[2] */
+	ST_COMMENT,
+	ST_COMMENT_CLO_DASH2,	/* "-->"[0] */
+	ST_COMMENT_CLO_RT	/* "-->"[1] */
+} pstate_e;
+
+static const int
+_charclass[256] = {
+	0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,1,1,0,1,1,0,0,
+	0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
+	1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,
+	2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2, 2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,	/* 01234567 89       */
+	0,3,3,3,3,3,3,3, 3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,	/*  ABCDEFG HIJKLMNO */
+	3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3, 3,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,	/* PQRSTUVW XYZ      */
+	0,3,3,3,3,3,3,3, 3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,	/*  abcdefg hijklmno */
+	3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3, 3,3,3,0,0,0,0,0	/* pqrstuvw xyz      */
+};
+#define WHITESPACE(c)	(_charclass[(unsigned char)(c)] == 1)
+#define ALNUM(c)	(_charclass[(unsigned char)(c)] >= 2)
+#define ALPHA(c)	(_charclass[(unsigned char)(c)] == 3)
+
+/* Aliases for characters, ASCII/UTF-8 */
+#define	EXCLAM	0x21	/* '!' */
+#define	CQUOTE	0x22	/* '"' */
+#define	CDASH	0x2d	/* '-' */
+#define	CSLASH	0x2f	/* '/' */
+#define	LANGLE	0x3c	/* '<' */
+#define	CEQUAL	0x3d	/* '=' */
+#define	RANGLE	0x3e	/* '>' */
+#define	CQUEST	0x3f	/* '?' */
+
+/* Invoke token callback */
+#define	TOKEN_CB_CALL(type, _ns, _current_too, _final) do {	\
+		int _ret;					\
+		pstate_e ns  = _ns;				\
+		ssize_t _sz = (p - chunk_start) + _current_too;	\
+		if (!_sz) {					\
+			/* Shortcut */				\
+			state = _ns;				\
+			break;					\
+		}						\
+		_ret = cb(type, chunk_start, _sz, key);		\
+		if(_ret < _sz) {				\
+			if(_current_too && _ret == -1)		\
+				state = ns;			\
+			goto finish;				\
+		}						\
+		chunk_start = p + _current_too;			\
+		state = ns;					\
+	} while(0)
+
+#define TOKEN_CB(_type, _ns, _current_too)			\
+	TOKEN_CB_CALL(_type, _ns, _current_too, 0)
+
+#define PXML_TAG_FINAL_CHUNK_TYPE      PXML_TAG_END
+#define PXML_COMMENT_FINAL_CHUNK_TYPE  PXML_COMMENT_END
+
+#define TOKEN_CB_FINAL(_type, _ns, _current_too)		\
+	TOKEN_CB_CALL( _type ## _FINAL_CHUNK_TYPE , _ns, _current_too, 1)
+
+/*
+ * Parser itself
+ */
+ssize_t pxml_parse(int *stateContext, const void *xmlbuf, size_t size, pxml_callback_f *cb, void *key) {
+	pstate_e state = (pstate_e)*stateContext;
+	const char *chunk_start = (const char *)xmlbuf;
+	const char *p = chunk_start;
+	const char *end = p + size;
+
+	for(; p < end; p++) {
+	  int C = *(const unsigned char *)p;
+	  switch(state) {
+	  case ST_TEXT:
+		/*
+		 * Initial state: we're in the middle of some text,
+		 * or just have started.
+		 */
+		if (C == LANGLE) 
+			/* We're now in the tag, probably */
+			TOKEN_CB(PXML_TEXT, ST_TAG_START, 0);
+		break;
+	  case ST_TAG_START:
+		if (ALPHA(C) || (C == CSLASH))
+			state = ST_TAG_BODY;
+		else if (C == EXCLAM)
+			state = ST_COMMENT_WAIT_DASH1;
+		else 
+			/*
+			 * Not characters and not whitespace.
+			 * Must be something like "3 < 4".
+			 */
+			TOKEN_CB(PXML_TEXT, ST_TEXT, 1);/* Flush as data */
+		break;
+	  case ST_TAG_BODY:
+		switch(C) {
+		case RANGLE:
+			/* End of the tag */
+			TOKEN_CB_FINAL(PXML_TAG, ST_TEXT, 1);
+			break;
+		case LANGLE:
+			/*
+			 * The previous tag wasn't completed, but still
+			 * recognized as valid. (Mozilla-compatible)
+			 */
+			TOKEN_CB_FINAL(PXML_TAG, ST_TAG_START, 0);	
+			break;
+		case CEQUAL:
+			state = ST_TAG_QUOTE_WAIT;
+			break;
+		}
+		break;
+	  case ST_TAG_QUOTE_WAIT:
+		/*
+		 * State after the equal sign ("=") in the tag.
+		 */
+		switch(C) {
+		case CQUOTE:
+			state = ST_TAG_QUOTED_STRING;
+			break;
+		case RANGLE:
+			/* End of the tag */
+			TOKEN_CB_FINAL(PXML_TAG, ST_TEXT, 1);
+			break;
+		default:
+			if(!WHITESPACE(C))
+				/* Unquoted string value */
+				state = ST_TAG_UNQUOTED_STRING;
+		}
+		break;
+	  case ST_TAG_QUOTED_STRING:
+		/*
+		 * Tag attribute's string value in quotes.
+		 */
+		if(C == CQUOTE) {
+			/* Return back to the tag state */
+			state = ST_TAG_BODY;
+		}
+		break;
+	  case ST_TAG_UNQUOTED_STRING:
+		if(C == RANGLE) {
+			/* End of the tag */
+			TOKEN_CB_FINAL(PXML_TAG, ST_TEXT, 1);
+		} else if(WHITESPACE(C)) {
+			/* Return back to the tag state */
+			state = ST_TAG_BODY;
+		}
+		break;
+	  case ST_COMMENT_WAIT_DASH1:
+		if(C == CDASH) {
+			state = ST_COMMENT_WAIT_DASH2;
+		} else {
+			/* Some ordinary tag. */
+			state = ST_TAG_BODY;
+		}
+		break;
+	  case ST_COMMENT_WAIT_DASH2:
+		if(C == CDASH) {
+			/* Seen "<--" */
+			state = ST_COMMENT;
+		} else {
+			/* Some ordinary tag */
+			state = ST_TAG_BODY;
+		}
+		break;
+	  case ST_COMMENT:
+		if(C == CDASH) {
+			state = ST_COMMENT_CLO_DASH2;
+		}
+		break;
+	  case ST_COMMENT_CLO_DASH2:
+		if(C == CDASH) {
+			state = ST_COMMENT_CLO_RT;
+		} else {
+			/* This is not an end of a comment */
+			state = ST_COMMENT;
+		}
+		break;
+	  case ST_COMMENT_CLO_RT:
+		if(C == RANGLE) {
+			TOKEN_CB_FINAL(PXML_COMMENT, ST_TEXT, 1);
+		} else if(C == CDASH) {
+			/* Maintain current state, still waiting for '>' */
+		} else {
+			state = ST_COMMENT;
+		}
+		break;
+	  } /* switch(*ptr) */
+	} /* for() */
+
+	/*
+	 * Flush the partially processed chunk, state permitting.
+	 */
+	if(p - chunk_start) {
+		switch (state) {
+		case ST_COMMENT:
+			TOKEN_CB(PXML_COMMENT, state, 0);
+			break;
+		case ST_TEXT:
+			TOKEN_CB(PXML_TEXT, state, 0);
+			break;
+		default: break;	/* a no-op */
+		}
+	}
+
+finish:
+	*stateContext = (int)state;
+	return chunk_start - (const char *)xmlbuf;
+}
+