diff --git a/include/osmocom/msc/msc_a.h b/include/osmocom/msc/msc_a.h
index a5b624c..d180e38 100644
--- a/include/osmocom/msc/msc_a.h
+++ b/include/osmocom/msc/msc_a.h
@@ -137,6 +137,8 @@
 		/* There may be up to 7 incoming calls for this subscriber. This is the currently serviced voice call,
 		 * as in, the other person the subscriber is currently talking to. */
 		struct gsm_trans *active_trans;
+
+		struct osmo_timer_list assignment_request_pending;
 	} cc;
 
 	struct msc_ho_state ho;
diff --git a/src/libmsc/gsm_04_08_cc.c b/src/libmsc/gsm_04_08_cc.c
index 63b1699..fc4f730 100644
--- a/src/libmsc/gsm_04_08_cc.c
+++ b/src/libmsc/gsm_04_08_cc.c
@@ -772,7 +772,8 @@
 			const struct gsm_mncc_bearer_cap *bcap)
 {
 	struct codec_filter *codecs = &trans->cc.codecs;
-	struct call_leg *cl = trans->msc_a ? trans->msc_a->cc.call_leg : NULL;
+	struct msc_a *msc_a = trans->msc_a;
+	struct call_leg *cl = msc_a ? msc_a->cc.call_leg : NULL;
 	struct rtp_stream *rtp_cn = cl ? cl->rtp[RTP_TO_CN] : NULL;
 
 	if (sdp[0]) {
@@ -818,6 +819,16 @@
 		return;
 	}
 
+	if (msc_a && osmo_timer_pending(&msc_a->cc.assignment_request_pending)) {
+		/* Still waiting for an Assignment Response.
+		 * For example, when the remote call leg sends some MNCC with SDP with a mismatching codec,
+		 * we start Re-Assignment to match that codec: we send an Assignment Request and wait for a response.
+		 * When we receive another MNCC with SDP from the remote call leg before this Re-Assignment is
+		 * completed, we must not trigger *another* Assignment Request, but instead wait for the Re-Assignment
+		 * to come back with a response first. */
+		return;
+	}
+
 	/* We've already completed Assignment of a voice channel (some time ago), and now the remote side has changed
 	 * to a mismatching codec (list). Try to re-assign this side to a matching codec. */
 	LOG_TRANS(trans, LOGL_INFO, "Remote call leg mismatches assigned codec: %s\n",
diff --git a/src/libmsc/msc_a.c b/src/libmsc/msc_a.c
index bff5e67..2e88a32 100644
--- a/src/libmsc/msc_a.c
+++ b/src/libmsc/msc_a.c
@@ -673,6 +673,8 @@
 				  rtp_to_ran->codecs_known ? &rtp_to_ran->codecs : NULL, NULL);
 }
 
+static void assignment_request_timeout_cb(void *data);
+
 /* The MGW has given us a local IP address for the RAN side. Ready to start the Assignment of a voice channel. */
 void msc_a_tx_assignment_cmd(struct msc_a *msc_a)
 {
@@ -680,6 +682,19 @@
 	struct gsm_trans *cc_trans = msc_a->cc.active_trans;
 	struct gsm0808_channel_type channel_type;
 
+	/* Do not dispatch another Assignment Command before an earlier assignment is completed. This is a sanity
+	 * safeguard, ideally callers should not even invoke this function when an Assignment is already ongoing.
+	 * (There is no osmo_fsm for Assignment / the CC trans code; when we refactor that one day, this timer should be
+	 * an FSM state.) */
+	if (osmo_timer_pending(&msc_a->cc.assignment_request_pending)) {
+		LOG_MSC_A(msc_a, LOGL_ERROR,
+			  "Not transmitting Assignment, still waiting for the response to an earlier Assignment\n");
+		return;
+	}
+	osmo_timer_setup(&msc_a->cc.assignment_request_pending, assignment_request_timeout_cb, msc_a);
+	osmo_timer_schedule(&msc_a->cc.assignment_request_pending,
+			    osmo_tdef_get(msc_a->c.ran->tdefs, -37, OSMO_TDEF_S, 10), 0);
+
 	if (!cc_trans) {
 		LOG_MSC_A(msc_a, LOGL_ERROR, "No CC transaction active\n");
 		call_leg_release(msc_a->cc.call_leg);
@@ -943,6 +958,9 @@
 		vlr_subscr_enable_expire_lu(vsub);
 	}
 
+	/* We no longer care about assignment responses. */
+	osmo_timer_del(&msc_a->cc.assignment_request_pending);
+
 	/* If we're closing in a middle of a trans, we need to clean up */
 	trans_conn_closed(msc_a);
 
@@ -1051,6 +1069,7 @@
 		vsub->msc_conn_ref = NULL;
 
 	osmo_timer_del(&msc_a->lu_delay_timer);
+	osmo_timer_del(&msc_a->cc.assignment_request_pending);
 }
 
 const struct value_string msc_a_fsm_event_names[] = {
@@ -1479,6 +1498,9 @@
 	const struct gsm0808_speech_codec *codec_if_known = ac->assignment_complete.codec_present ?
 							    &ac->assignment_complete.codec : NULL;
 
+	/* Pending assignment has worked out. We're no longer waiting for a response now. */
+	osmo_timer_del(&msc_a->cc.assignment_request_pending);
+
 	/* For a voice group call, handling is performed by VGCS FSM */
 	gcc_trans = trans_find_by_type(msc_a, TRANS_GCC);
 	if (gcc_trans) {
@@ -1582,10 +1604,15 @@
 	}
 }
 
+/* Invoked when Assignment has failed, either by a failure response, or by timeout. When failing on timeout,
+ * pass af == NULL. */
 static void msc_a_up_call_assignment_failure(struct msc_a *msc_a, const struct ran_msg *af)
 {
 	struct gsm_trans *trans;
 
+	/* Pending assignment has failed. We're no longer waiting for a response now. */
+	osmo_timer_del(&msc_a->cc.assignment_request_pending);
+
 	/* For a normal voice call, there will be an rtp_stream FSM. */
 	if (msc_a->cc.call_leg && msc_a->cc.call_leg->rtp[RTP_TO_RAN]) {
 		LOG_MSC_A(msc_a, LOGL_ERROR, "Assignment Failure, releasing call\n");
@@ -1617,6 +1644,12 @@
 	msc_a_release_cn(msc_a);
 }
 
+static void assignment_request_timeout_cb(void *data)
+{
+	struct msc_a *msc_a = data;
+	msc_a_up_call_assignment_failure(msc_a, NULL);
+}
+
 static void msc_a_up_classmark_update(struct msc_a *msc_a, const struct osmo_gsm48_classmark *classmark,
 				      struct osmo_gsm48_classmark *dst)
 {
diff --git a/src/libmsc/ran_infra.c b/src/libmsc/ran_infra.c
index 79de7d2..0656cca 100644
--- a/src/libmsc/ran_infra.c
+++ b/src/libmsc/ran_infra.c
@@ -47,6 +47,8 @@
 	{ .T = -36, .default_val = 0, .unit = OSMO_TDEF_MS, \
 	  .desc = "Delay connection release after LU.  Useful to optimize an SMSC to dispatch " \
 		  "pending messages within the initial connection." }, \
+	{ .T = -37, .default_val = 10, \
+	  .desc = "Voice channel Assignment sanity timeout, when no response is received (should never happen)." }, \
 
 struct osmo_tdef msc_tdefs_geran[] = {
 	RAN_TDEFS