refactor subscr_conn and subscr_conn_fsm de-/alloc Refactor: 1. Glue the gsm_subscriber_connection alloc to the subscr_conn_fsm. 2. Add separate AUTH_CIPH state to the FSM. 3. Use conn->use_count to trigger conn release. 4. Add separate RELEASING state to the FSM. 5. Add rate counters for each of the three Complete Layer 3 types. Details: 1. Glue the gsm_subscriber_connection alloc to the subscr_conn_fsm. Historically, a gsm_subscriber_connection was allocated in libbsc land, and only upon Complete Layer 3 did libmsc add the fsm instance. After splitting openbsc.git into a separate osmo-msc, this is no longer necessary, hence: Closely tie gsm_subscriber_connection allocation to the subscr_conn_fsm instance: talloc the conn as a child of the FSM instance, and discard the conn as soon as the FSM terminates. 2. Add separate AUTH_CIPH state to the FSM. Decoding the Complete Layer 3 message is distinctly separate from waiting for the VLR FSMs to conclude. Use the NEW state as "we don't know if this is a valid message yet", and the AUTH_CIPH state as "evaluating, don't release". A profound effect of this: should we for any odd reason fail to leave the FSM's NEW state, the conn will be released right at the end of msc_compl_l3(), without needing to trigger release in each code path. 3. Use conn->use_count to trigger conn release. Before, the FSM itself would hold a use count on the conn, and hence we would need to ask it whether it is ready to release the conn yet by dispatching events, to achieve a use_count decrement. Instead, unite the FSM instance and conn, and do not hold a use count by the FSM. Hence, trigger an FSM "UNUSED" event only when the use_count reaches zero. As long as use counts are done correctly, the FSM will terminate correctly. These exceptions: - The new AUTH_CIPH state explicitly ignores UNUSED events, since we expect the use count to reach zero while evaluating Authentication and Ciphering. (I experimented with holding a use count by AUTH_CIPH onenter() and releasing by onleave(), but the use count and thus the conn are released before the next state can initiate transactions that would increment the use count again. Same thing for the VLR FSMs holding a use count, they should be done before we advance to the next state. The easiest is to simply expect zero use count during the AUTH_CIPH state.) - A CM Service Request means that even though the MSC would be through with all it wants to do, we shall still wait for a request to follow from the MS. Hence the FSM holds a use count on itself while a CM Service is pending. - While waiting for a Release/Clear Complete, the FSM holds a use count on itself. 4. Add separate RELEASING state to the FSM. If we decide to release for other reasons than a use count reaching zero, we still need to be able to wait for the msc_dtap() use count on the conn to release. (An upcoming patch will further use the RELEASING state to properly wait for Clear Complete / Release Complete messages.) 5. Add rate counters for each of the three Complete Layer 3 types. Besides LU, also count CM Service Request and Paging Response acceptance/rejections. Without these counters, only very few of the auth+ciph outcomes actually show in the counters. Related: OS#3122 Change-Id: I55feb379e176a96a831e105b86202b17a0ffe889

commit: e3d3dc6ea218a07161eeb80ae864a96bef2d8e61 [log] [tgz]
author: Neels Hofmeyr <neels@hofmeyr.de> Sat Mar 31 00:02:14 2018 +0200
committer: Harald Welte <laforge@gnumonks.org> Wed Apr 11 21:39:44 2018 +0000
tree: b0d8bddeda0835e20b4d0592184a4ec2befe7d07
parent: dc2514b22062af04354c0331f0f5819051c3fdee [diff]
diff --git a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_authen_reuse.err b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_authen_reuse.err
index e96fce8..193eb81 100644
--- a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_authen_reuse.err
+++ b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_authen_reuse.err

@@ -5,12 +5,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 0/23
@@ -31,8 +28,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT, only one tuple; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000000156f00362201039fa2f4e3d523d8619a73b4f65c3e14d21049b36efdf2208059a4f668f6fbe39231027497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef2410f64735036e5871319c679f4742a75ea125108704f5ba55f30000d2ee44b22c8ea9192708e229c19e791f2e41
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -75,8 +75,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000000156f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   gsup_tx_confirmed == 1
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
@@ -143,7 +144,7 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:42342
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -156,25 +157,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -187,13 +191,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, and reuses old auth vector
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -213,13 +214,16 @@
 - ...autn=8704f5ba55f30000d2ee44b22c8ea919
 - ...expecting res=e229c19e791f2e41
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts with a CM Service Accept
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -243,22 +247,20 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
 - sending CM Service Accept for MSISDN:42342
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + cm_service == 2 (0xa)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x8)
   cm_service_result_sent == 1
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 42342

   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -266,22 +268,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d273104d36a3c91a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -294,13 +299,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, and needs to request a second auth vector from HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -317,8 +319,11 @@
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 0
   gsup_tx_confirmed == 1
@@ -340,7 +345,7 @@
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts with a CM Service Accept
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = 7db47cf7f81e4dc7)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -364,22 +369,20 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
 - sending CM Service Accept for MSISDN:42342
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + cm_service == 2 (0xa)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x8)
   cm_service_result_sent == 1
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 42342

   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -387,22 +390,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d273104d36a3c91a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -410,6 +416,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
@@ -418,10 +425,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:42342
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_auth_use_twice_geran: SUCCESS
@@ -433,12 +449,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 0/23
@@ -459,8 +472,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT, only one tuple; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000000156f00362201039fa2f4e3d523d8619a73b4f65c3e14d21049b36efdf2208059a4f668f6fbe39231027497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef2410f64735036e5871319c679f4742a75ea125108704f5ba55f30000d2ee44b22c8ea9192708e229c19e791f2e41
@@ -480,7 +496,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -499,8 +515,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=27497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
@@ -583,7 +600,7 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:42342
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -596,25 +613,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   iu_release_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -627,13 +647,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, and reuses old auth vector
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -653,13 +670,16 @@
 - ...autn=8704f5ba55f30000d2ee44b22c8ea919
 - ...expecting res=e229c19e791f2e41
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -679,8 +699,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=27497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts; above Ciphering is an implicit CM Service Accept
@@ -696,19 +717,19 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + cm_service == 1 (0x8)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 42342

   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -716,22 +737,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_UTRAN_IU
 - DTAP --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d273104d36a3c91a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   iu_release_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -744,13 +768,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, and needs to request a second auth vector from HLR
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -767,8 +788,11 @@
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 0
   gsup_tx_confirmed == 1
@@ -790,7 +814,7 @@
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = 7db47cf7f81e4dc7)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -810,8 +834,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=1159ec926a50e98c034a6b7d7c9f418d
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts; above Ciphering is an implicit CM Service Accept
@@ -827,19 +852,19 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + cm_service == 1 (0x8)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 42342

   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -847,22 +872,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_UTRAN_IU
 - DTAP --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d273104d36a3c91a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   iu_release_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -870,6 +898,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
@@ -878,10 +907,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:42342
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   iu_release_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_auth_use_twice_utran: SUCCESS
@@ -893,12 +931,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 0/23
@@ -919,8 +954,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT, only one tuple; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000000156f00362201039fa2f4e3d523d8619a73b4f65c3e14d21049b36efdf2208059a4f668f6fbe39231027497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef2410f64735036e5871319c679f4742a75ea125108704f5ba55f30000d2ee44b22c8ea9192708e229c19e791f2e41
@@ -940,7 +978,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -963,8 +1001,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000000156f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   gsup_tx_confirmed == 1
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
@@ -1031,7 +1070,7 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:42342
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -1044,25 +1083,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1075,13 +1117,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, and reuses old auth vector
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -1101,13 +1140,16 @@
 - ...autn=8704f5ba55f30000d2ee44b22c8ea919
 - ...expecting res=e229c19e791f2e41
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts with a CM Service Accept
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1131,22 +1173,20 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
 - sending CM Service Accept for MSISDN:42342
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + cm_service == 2 (0xa)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x8)
   cm_service_result_sent == 1
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 42342

   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -1154,22 +1194,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d273104d36a3c91a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1182,13 +1225,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, and reuses old auth vector
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -1208,13 +1248,16 @@
 - ...autn=8704f5ba55f30000d2ee44b22c8ea919
 - ...expecting res=e229c19e791f2e41
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts with a CM Service Accept
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1238,22 +1281,20 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
 - sending CM Service Accept for MSISDN:42342
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + cm_service == 2 (0xa)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x8)
   cm_service_result_sent == 1
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 42342

   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -1261,22 +1302,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d273104d36a3c91a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1289,13 +1333,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, and reuses old auth vector
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -1315,13 +1356,16 @@
 - ...autn=8704f5ba55f30000d2ee44b22c8ea919
 - ...expecting res=e229c19e791f2e41
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts with a CM Service Accept
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1345,22 +1389,20 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
 - sending CM Service Accept for MSISDN:42342
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + cm_service == 2 (0xa)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x8)
   cm_service_result_sent == 1
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 42342

   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -1368,22 +1410,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d273104d36a3c91a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1391,6 +1436,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
@@ -1399,10 +1445,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:42342
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_auth_use_infinitely_geran: SUCCESS
@@ -1414,12 +1469,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 0/23
@@ -1440,8 +1492,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT, only one tuple; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000000156f00362201039fa2f4e3d523d8619a73b4f65c3e14d21049b36efdf2208059a4f668f6fbe39231027497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef2410f64735036e5871319c679f4742a75ea125108704f5ba55f30000d2ee44b22c8ea9192708e229c19e791f2e41
@@ -1461,7 +1516,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1480,8 +1535,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=27497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
@@ -1564,7 +1620,7 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:42342
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -1577,25 +1633,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   iu_release_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1608,13 +1667,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, and reuses old auth vector
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -1634,13 +1690,16 @@
 - ...autn=8704f5ba55f30000d2ee44b22c8ea919
 - ...expecting res=e229c19e791f2e41
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1660,8 +1719,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=27497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts; above Ciphering is an implicit CM Service Accept
@@ -1677,19 +1737,19 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + cm_service == 1 (0x8)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 42342

   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -1697,22 +1757,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_UTRAN_IU
 - DTAP --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d273104d36a3c91a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   iu_release_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1725,13 +1788,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, and reuses old auth vector
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -1751,13 +1811,16 @@
 - ...autn=8704f5ba55f30000d2ee44b22c8ea919
 - ...expecting res=e229c19e791f2e41
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1777,8 +1840,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=27497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts; above Ciphering is an implicit CM Service Accept
@@ -1794,19 +1858,19 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + cm_service == 1 (0x8)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 42342

   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -1814,22 +1878,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_UTRAN_IU
 - DTAP --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d273104d36a3c91a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   iu_release_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1842,13 +1909,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, and reuses old auth vector
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -1868,13 +1932,16 @@
 - ...autn=8704f5ba55f30000d2ee44b22c8ea919
 - ...expecting res=e229c19e791f2e41
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1894,8 +1961,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=27497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts; above Ciphering is an implicit CM Service Accept
@@ -1911,19 +1979,19 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + cm_service == 1 (0x8)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 42342

   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -1931,22 +1999,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_UTRAN_IU
 - DTAP --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d273104d36a3c91a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   iu_release_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1954,6 +2025,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
@@ -1962,10 +2034,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:42342
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   iu_release_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_auth_use_infinitely_utran: SUCCESS
@@ -1977,12 +2058,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 0/23
@@ -2003,8 +2081,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT, only one tuple; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000000156f00362201039fa2f4e3d523d8619a73b4f65c3e14d21049b36efdf2208059a4f668f6fbe39231027497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef2410f64735036e5871319c679f4742a75ea125108704f5ba55f30000d2ee44b22c8ea9192708e229c19e791f2e41
@@ -2024,7 +2105,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -2047,8 +2128,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000000156f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   gsup_tx_confirmed == 1
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
@@ -2115,7 +2197,7 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:42342
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -2128,25 +2210,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -2159,13 +2244,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, and needs to request a second auth vector from HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -2182,8 +2264,11 @@
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 0
   gsup_tx_confirmed == 1
@@ -2205,7 +2290,7 @@
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts with a CM Service Accept
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = 7db47cf7f81e4dc7)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -2229,22 +2314,20 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
 - sending CM Service Accept for MSISDN:42342
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + cm_service == 2 (0xa)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x8)
   cm_service_result_sent == 1
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 42342

   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -2252,22 +2335,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d273104d36a3c91a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -2275,6 +2361,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
@@ -2283,10 +2370,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:42342
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_no_auth_reuse_geran: SUCCESS
@@ -2298,12 +2394,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 0/23
@@ -2324,8 +2417,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT, only one tuple; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000000156f00362201039fa2f4e3d523d8619a73b4f65c3e14d21049b36efdf2208059a4f668f6fbe39231027497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef2410f64735036e5871319c679f4742a75ea125108704f5ba55f30000d2ee44b22c8ea9192708e229c19e791f2e41
@@ -2345,7 +2441,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -2364,8 +2460,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=27497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
@@ -2448,7 +2545,7 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:42342
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -2461,25 +2558,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   iu_release_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -2492,13 +2592,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, and needs to request a second auth vector from HLR
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -2515,8 +2612,11 @@
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 0
   gsup_tx_confirmed == 1
@@ -2538,7 +2638,7 @@
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = 7db47cf7f81e4dc7)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -2558,8 +2658,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=1159ec926a50e98c034a6b7d7c9f418d
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts; above Ciphering is an implicit CM Service Accept
@@ -2575,19 +2676,19 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + cm_service == 1 (0x8)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 42342

   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -2595,22 +2696,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_UTRAN_IU
 - DTAP --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d273104d36a3c91a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   iu_release_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -2618,6 +2722,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
@@ -2626,10 +2731,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:42342
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   iu_release_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_no_auth_reuse_utran: SUCCESS

diff --git a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_call.err b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_call.err
index 1b8002b..1da80d9 100644
--- a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_call.err
+++ b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_call.err

@@ -6,12 +6,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 23/23
@@ -32,8 +29,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 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
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -72,8 +72,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=27497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
@@ -140,7 +141,7 @@
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:42342
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -153,25 +154,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   iu_release_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -184,13 +188,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, 2nd auth vector
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -210,15 +211,18 @@
 - ...autn=1843a645b98d00005b2d666af46c45d9
 - ...expecting res=7db47cf7f81e4dc7
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - needs auth, not yet accepted
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = 7db47cf7f81e4dc7)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -238,8 +242,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=1159ec926a50e98c034a6b7d7c9f418d
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts; above Ciphering is an implicit CM Service Accept
@@ -255,23 +260,23 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + cm_service == 1 (0x8)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 ---
 - a call is initiated
 - SETUP gets forwarded to MNCC
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_CC_SETUP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_CC_SETUP (0x3:0x5)
 DCC Unknown transaction ID 8, creating new trans.
 DCC (ti 08 sub MSISDN:42342 callref 80000001) New transaction
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + trans_cc == 3 (0xe)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + trans_cc == 3 (0x1a)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: rx msg GSM48_MT_CC_SETUP: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - cm_service == 2 (0x12)
 DCC (ti 08 sub MSISDN:42342) new state NULL -> INITIATED
 DCC Subscriber MSISDN:42342 (42342) sends SETUP to 123
 DMNCC transmit message MNCC_SETUP_IND
@@ -279,9 +284,7 @@
   MSC --> MNCC: callref 0x80000001: MNCC_SETUP_IND
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: CC
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0xc)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x10)
 - MNCC says that's fine
 DMNCC receive message MNCC_CALL_PROC_REQ
 DCC (ti 08 sub 42342) Received 'MNCC_CALL_PROC_REQ' from MNCC in state 1 (INITIATED)
@@ -307,7 +310,7 @@
 - DTAP matches expected message
 - Total time passed: 2.000046 s
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_CC_CONNECT_ACK
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0xe)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x12)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_CC_CONNECT_ACK (0x3:0xf)
 DCC stopping pending timer T313
 DCC (ti 08 sub MSISDN:42342) new state CONNECT_IND -> ACTIVE
@@ -315,25 +318,21 @@
 DCC Sending 'MNCC_SETUP_COMPL_IND' to MNCC.
   MSC --> MNCC: callref 0x80000001: MNCC_SETUP_COMPL_IND
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: CC
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0xc)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x10)
 ---
 - RTP stream goes ahead, not shown here.
 - Total time passed: 125.000091 s
 ---
 - Call ends
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_CC_DISCONNECT
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0xe)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x12)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_CC_DISCONNECT (0x3:0x25)
 DCC (ti 08 sub MSISDN:42342) new state ACTIVE -> DISCONNECT_IND
 DMNCC transmit message MNCC_DISC_IND
 DCC Sending 'MNCC_DISC_IND' to MNCC.
   MSC --> MNCC: callref 0x80000001: MNCC_DISC_IND
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: CC
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0xc)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x10)
 DMNCC receive message MNCC_REL_REQ
 DCC (ti 08 sub 42342) Received 'MNCC_REL_REQ' from MNCC in state 12 (DISCONNECT_IND)
 DCC starting timer T308 with 10 seconds
@@ -342,7 +341,7 @@
 - DTAP --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS: GSM48_MT_CC_RELEASE: 832d
 - DTAP matches expected message
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_CC_RELEASE_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0xe)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x12)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_CC_RELEASE_COMPL (0x3:0x2a)
 DCC stopping pending timer T308
 DMNCC transmit message MNCC_REL_CNF
@@ -351,23 +350,27 @@
   MS <--Call Release-- MSC: subscr=MSISDN:42342 callref=0x0
 DCC (ti 08 sub MSISDN:42342) new state RELEASE_REQ -> NULL
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - trans_cc == 2 (0x6)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - trans_cc == 1 (0x2)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:42342
 ===== test_call_mo: SUCCESS
@@ -380,12 +383,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 23/23
@@ -406,8 +406,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 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
@@ -427,7 +430,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -446,8 +449,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=27497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
@@ -514,7 +518,7 @@
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:42342
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -527,25 +531,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   iu_release_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -570,13 +577,10 @@
 - MS replies with Paging Response, and VLR sends Auth Request
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP (0x6:0x27)
 DRR PAGING RESPONSE: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from PAGING_RESP
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -596,12 +600,15 @@
 - ...autn=1843a645b98d00005b2d666af46c45d9
 - ...expecting res=7db47cf7f81e4dc7
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = 7db47cf7f81e4dc7)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -621,8 +628,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=1159ec926a50e98c034a6b7d7c9f418d
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts, sends CC Setup
 DMM <- SECURITY MODE COMPLETE MSISDN:42342
@@ -637,23 +645,22 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
 DPAG Paging success for MSISDN:42342 (event=0)
 DPAG Calling paging cbfn.
 DCC Paging subscr 42342 succeeded!
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + trans_cc == 2 (0xc)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + trans_cc == 1 (0x10)
 DCC starting timer T303 with 30 seconds
 DCC (ti 00 sub MSISDN:42342) new state NULL -> CALL_PRESENT
 DMSC msc_tx 2 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_UTRAN_IU
 - DTAP --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS: GSM48_MT_CC_SETUP: 0305
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 3
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: CC
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: connection still has active transaction: CC
   paging_stopped == 1
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_CC_CALL_CONF
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0xe)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x12)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_CC_CALL_CONF (0x3:0x8)
 DCC stopping pending timer T303
 DCC starting timer T310 with 30 seconds
@@ -664,12 +671,10 @@
   MSC --> MNCC: callref 0x423: MNCC_CALL_CONF_IND
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: CC
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0xc)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x10)
 - Total time passed: 1.000023 s
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_CC_ALERTING
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0xe)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x12)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_CC_ALERTING (0x3:0x1)
 DCC stopping pending timer T310
 DCC starting timer T301 with 180 seconds
@@ -678,12 +683,10 @@
 DCC Sending 'MNCC_ALERT_IND' to MNCC.
   MSC --> MNCC: callref 0x423: MNCC_ALERT_IND
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: CC
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0xc)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x10)
 - Total time passed: 2.000046 s
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_CC_CONNECT
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0xe)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x12)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_CC_CONNECT (0x3:0x7)
 DCC stopping pending timer T301
 DCC (ti 00 sub MSISDN:42342) new state CALL_RECEIVED -> CONNECT_REQUEST
@@ -691,9 +694,7 @@
 DCC Sending 'MNCC_SETUP_CNF' to MNCC.
   MSC --> MNCC: callref 0x423: MNCC_SETUP_CNF
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: CC
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0xc)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x10)
 DMNCC receive message MNCC_SETUP_COMPL_REQ
 DCC (ti 00 sub 42342) Received 'MNCC_SETUP_COMPL_REQ' from MNCC in state 8 (CONNECT_REQUEST)
 DCC (ti 00 sub MSISDN:42342) new state CONNECT_REQUEST -> ACTIVE
@@ -706,16 +707,14 @@
 ---
 - Call ends
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_CC_DISCONNECT
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0xe)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x12)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_CC_DISCONNECT (0x3:0x25)
 DCC (ti 00 sub MSISDN:42342) new state ACTIVE -> DISCONNECT_IND
 DMNCC transmit message MNCC_DISC_IND
 DCC Sending 'MNCC_DISC_IND' to MNCC.
   MSC --> MNCC: callref 0x423: MNCC_DISC_IND
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: CC
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0xc)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x10)
 DMNCC receive message MNCC_REL_REQ
 DCC (ti 00 sub 42342) Received 'MNCC_REL_REQ' from MNCC in state 12 (DISCONNECT_IND)
 DCC starting timer T308 with 10 seconds
@@ -724,7 +723,7 @@
 - DTAP --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS: GSM48_MT_CC_RELEASE: 032d
 - DTAP matches expected message
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_CC_RELEASE_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0xe)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x12)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_CC_RELEASE_COMPL (0x3:0x2a)
 DCC stopping pending timer T308
 DMNCC transmit message MNCC_REL_CNF
@@ -733,23 +732,27 @@
   MS <--Call Release-- MSC: subscr=MSISDN:42342 callref=0x0
 DCC (ti 00 sub MSISDN:42342) new state RELEASE_REQ -> NULL
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - trans_cc == 2 (0x6)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - trans_cc == 1 (0x2)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:42342
 ===== test_call_mt: SUCCESS
@@ -762,12 +765,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 23/23
@@ -788,8 +788,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 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
@@ -809,7 +812,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -828,8 +831,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=27497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
@@ -896,7 +900,7 @@
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:42342
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -909,25 +913,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   iu_release_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -952,13 +959,10 @@
 - MS replies with Paging Response, and VLR sends Auth Request
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP (0x6:0x27)
 DRR PAGING RESPONSE: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from PAGING_RESP
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -978,12 +982,15 @@
 - ...autn=1843a645b98d00005b2d666af46c45d9
 - ...expecting res=7db47cf7f81e4dc7
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = 7db47cf7f81e4dc7)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1003,8 +1010,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=1159ec926a50e98c034a6b7d7c9f418d
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts, sends CC Setup
 DMM <- SECURITY MODE COMPLETE MSISDN:42342
@@ -1019,23 +1027,22 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
 DPAG Paging success for MSISDN:42342 (event=0)
 DPAG Calling paging cbfn.
 DCC Paging subscr 42342 succeeded!
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + trans_cc == 2 (0xc)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + trans_cc == 1 (0x10)
 DCC starting timer T303 with 30 seconds
 DCC (ti 00 sub MSISDN:42342) new state NULL -> CALL_PRESENT
 DMSC msc_tx 2 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_UTRAN_IU
 - DTAP --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS: GSM48_MT_CC_SETUP: 0305
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 3
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: CC
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: connection still has active transaction: CC
   paging_stopped == 1
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_CC_CALL_CONF
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0xe)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x12)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_CC_CALL_CONF (0x3:0x8)
 DCC stopping pending timer T303
 DCC starting timer T310 with 30 seconds
@@ -1046,12 +1053,10 @@
   MSC --> MNCC: callref 0x423: MNCC_CALL_CONF_IND
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: CC
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0xc)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x10)
 - Total time passed: 1.000023 s
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_CC_ALERTING
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0xe)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x12)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_CC_ALERTING (0x3:0x1)
 DCC stopping pending timer T310
 DCC starting timer T301 with 180 seconds
@@ -1060,19 +1065,15 @@
 DCC Sending 'MNCC_ALERT_IND' to MNCC.
   MSC --> MNCC: callref 0x423: MNCC_ALERT_IND
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: CC
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0xc)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x10)
 - Total time passed: 16.000046 s
 - The call failed, the BSC sends a BSSMAP Clear Request
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
-DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
-DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
-DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
-DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x110)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 3
 DCC stopping pending timer T301
   MS <--Call Release-- MSC: subscr=MSISDN:42342 callref=0x423
 DMNCC receive message MNCC_REL_REQ
@@ -1088,10 +1089,17 @@
 DCC stopping pending timer T308
 DCC (ti 00 sub MSISDN:42342) new state RELEASE_REQ -> NULL
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - trans_cc == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - trans_cc == 1 (0x100)
 - Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
+DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
+DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
+DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
+DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -1108,12 +1116,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 23/23
@@ -1134,8 +1139,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 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
@@ -1155,7 +1163,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1174,8 +1182,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=27497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
@@ -1242,7 +1251,7 @@
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:42342
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -1255,25 +1264,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   iu_release_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1286,13 +1298,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, 2nd auth vector
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -1312,15 +1321,18 @@
 - ...autn=1843a645b98d00005b2d666af46c45d9
 - ...expecting res=7db47cf7f81e4dc7
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - needs auth, not yet accepted
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = 7db47cf7f81e4dc7)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1340,8 +1352,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=1159ec926a50e98c034a6b7d7c9f418d
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts; above Ciphering is an implicit CM Service Accept
@@ -1357,23 +1370,23 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + cm_service == 1 (0x8)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 ---
 - a call is initiated
 - SETUP gets forwarded to MNCC
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_CC_SETUP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_CC_SETUP (0x3:0x5)
 DCC Unknown transaction ID 8, creating new trans.
 DCC (ti 08 sub MSISDN:42342 callref 80000002) New transaction
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + trans_cc == 3 (0xe)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + trans_cc == 3 (0x1a)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: rx msg GSM48_MT_CC_SETUP: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - cm_service == 2 (0x12)
 DCC (ti 08 sub MSISDN:42342) new state NULL -> INITIATED
 DCC Subscriber MSISDN:42342 (42342) sends SETUP to 123
 DMNCC transmit message MNCC_SETUP_IND
@@ -1381,9 +1394,7 @@
   MSC --> MNCC: callref 0x80000002: MNCC_SETUP_IND
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: CC
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0xc)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x10)
 - MNCC says that's fine
 DMNCC receive message MNCC_CALL_PROC_REQ
 DCC (ti 08 sub 42342) Received 'MNCC_CALL_PROC_REQ' from MNCC in state 1 (INITIATED)
@@ -1406,7 +1417,7 @@
 - DTAP --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS: GSM48_MT_CC_RELEASE: 832d
 - DTAP matches expected message
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_CC_RELEASE_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0xe)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x12)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_CC_RELEASE_COMPL (0x3:0x2a)
 DCC stopping pending timer T308
 DMNCC transmit message MNCC_REL_CNF
@@ -1415,23 +1426,27 @@
   MS <--Call Release-- MSC: subscr=MSISDN:42342 callref=0x0
 DCC (ti 08 sub MSISDN:42342) new state RELEASE_REQ -> NULL
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - trans_cc == 2 (0x6)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - trans_cc == 1 (0x2)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:42342
 ===== test_call_mo_to_unknown: SUCCESS
@@ -1444,12 +1459,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 23/23
@@ -1470,8 +1482,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000000156f00362201039fa2f4e3d523d8619a73b4f65c3e14d21049b36efdf2208059a4f668f6fbe39231027497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef2410f64735036e5871319c679f4742a75ea125108704f5ba55f30000d2ee44b22c8ea9192708e229c19e791f2e4103622010c187a53a5e6b9d573cac7c74451fd46d210485aa31302208d3d50a000bf04f6e23101159ec926a50e98c034a6b7d7c9f418d2410df3a03d9ca5335641efc8e36d76cd20b25101843a645b98d00005b2d666af46c45d927087db47cf7f81e4dc703622010efa9c29a9742148d5c9070348716e1bb210469d5f9fb22083df176f0c29f1a3d2310eb50e770ddcc3060101d2f43b6c2b884241076542abce5ff9345b0e8947f4c6e019c2510f9375e6d41e1000096e7fe4ff1c27e392708706f996719ba609c03622010f023d5a3b24726e0631b64b3840f82532104d570c03f2208ec011be8919883d62310c4e58af4ba43f3bcd904e16984f086d724100593f65e752e5cb7f473862bda05aa0a2510541ff1f077270000c5ea00d658bc7e9a27083fd26072eaa2a04d036220102f8f90c780d6a9c0c53da7ac57b6707e2104b072446f220823f39f9f425ad6e6231065af0527fda95b0dc5ae4aa515cdf32f2410537c3b35a3b13b08d08eeb28098f45cc25104bf4e564f75300009bc796706bc6574427080edb0eadbea94ac2
@@ -1491,7 +1506,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1510,8 +1525,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=27497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
@@ -1578,7 +1594,7 @@
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:42342
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -1591,25 +1607,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   iu_release_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1622,13 +1641,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, 2nd auth vector
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -1648,15 +1664,18 @@
 - ...autn=1843a645b98d00005b2d666af46c45d9
 - ...expecting res=7db47cf7f81e4dc7
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - needs auth, not yet accepted
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = 7db47cf7f81e4dc7)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1676,8 +1695,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=1159ec926a50e98c034a6b7d7c9f418d
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts; above Ciphering is an implicit CM Service Accept
@@ -1693,23 +1713,23 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + cm_service == 1 (0x8)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 ---
 - a call is initiated
 - SETUP gets forwarded to MNCC
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_CC_SETUP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_CC_SETUP (0x3:0x5)
 DCC Unknown transaction ID 8, creating new trans.
 DCC (ti 08 sub MSISDN:42342 callref 80000003) New transaction
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + trans_cc == 3 (0xe)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + trans_cc == 3 (0x1a)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: rx msg GSM48_MT_CC_SETUP: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - cm_service == 2 (0x12)
 DCC (ti 08 sub MSISDN:42342) new state NULL -> INITIATED
 DCC Subscriber MSISDN:42342 (42342) sends SETUP to 123
 DMNCC transmit message MNCC_SETUP_IND
@@ -1717,9 +1737,7 @@
   MSC --> MNCC: callref 0x80000003: MNCC_SETUP_IND
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: CC
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0xc)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x10)
 - MNCC says that's fine
 DMNCC receive message MNCC_CALL_PROC_REQ
 DCC (ti 08 sub 42342) Received 'MNCC_CALL_PROC_REQ' from MNCC in state 1 (INITIATED)
@@ -1750,19 +1768,22 @@
   MSC --> MNCC: callref 0x80000003: MNCC_REL_CNF
 DCC (ti 08 sub MSISDN:42342) new state RELEASE_REQ -> NULL
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - trans_cc == 1 (0x4)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - trans_cc == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated

diff --git a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_gsm_authen.err b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_gsm_authen.err
index 35bda27..f212cfc 100644
--- a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_gsm_authen.err
+++ b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_gsm_authen.err

@@ -5,12 +5,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -31,8 +28,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000004026f003222010585df1ae287f6e273dce07090d61320b21042d8b2c3e220861855fb81fc2a8000322201012aca96fb4ffdea5c985cbafa9b6e18b210420bde240220807fa7502e07e1c0003222010e7c03ba7cf0e2fde82b2dc4d63077d422104a29514ae2208e2b234f80788640003222010fa8f20b781b5881329d4fea26b1a3c5121045afc8d7222082392f14f709ae000032220100fd4cc8dbe8715d1f439e304edfd68dc2104bc8d1c5b2208da7cdd6bfe2d7000
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000004620: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 2d8b2c3e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -93,8 +93,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000004026f00804036470f1
@@ -142,21 +143,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -170,13 +174,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, 2nd auth vector
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
@@ -195,8 +196,11 @@
 - ...rand=12aca96fb4ffdea5c985cbafa9b6e18b
 - ...expecting sres=20bde240
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - needs auth, not yet accepted
@@ -212,7 +216,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts with a CM Service Accept
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:46071: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 20bde240)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -236,22 +240,20 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
 - sending CM Service Accept for MSISDN:46071
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + cm_service == 2 (0xa)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x8)
   cm_service_result_sent == 1
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 46071

   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:46071: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -259,22 +261,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d27310cd06bbc51a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -298,13 +303,10 @@
 - MS replies with Paging Response, and VLR sends Auth Request with third key
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP (0x6:0x27)
 DRR PAGING RESPONSE: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from PAGING_RESP
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
@@ -323,8 +325,11 @@
 - ...rand=e7c03ba7cf0e2fde82b2dc4d63077d42
 - ...expecting sres=a29514ae
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - needs auth, not yet accepted
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
@@ -339,7 +344,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends pending SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:46071: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = a29514ae)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -362,22 +367,19 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
 DPAG Paging success for MSISDN:46071 (event=0)
 DPAG Calling paging cbfn.
 DCC (ti 00 sub MSISDN:46071 callref 40000001) New transaction
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 5
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 2 (0x22)
 DMSC msc_tx 91 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: SMS:0x01: 09015801000791447758100650004c0005806470f1000007101000000000445079da1e1ee7416937485e9ea7c965373d1d6683c270383b3d0ed3d36ff71c949e83c22072799e9687c5ec32a81d96afcbf4b4fb0c7ac3e9e9b7db05
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x14)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: connection still has active transaction: SMS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x20)
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   paging_stopped == 1
 - SMS was delivered, no requests pending for subscr
@@ -388,17 +390,15 @@
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS replies with CP-ACK for received SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x04
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x04 (0x9:0x4)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x14)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x20)
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS also sends RP-ACK, MSC in turn sends CP-ACK for that
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x01
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x01 (0x9:0x1)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMSC msc_tx 2 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
@@ -406,23 +406,26 @@
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 2 (0x6)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - SMS is done, conn is gone
@@ -431,6 +434,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
@@ -439,10 +443,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_gsm_authen: SUCCESS
@@ -454,12 +467,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -480,8 +490,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000004026f003222010585df1ae287f6e273dce07090d61320b21042d8b2c3e220861855fb81fc2a8000322201012aca96fb4ffdea5c985cbafa9b6e18b210420bde240220807fa7502e07e1c0003222010e7c03ba7cf0e2fde82b2dc4d63077d422104a29514ae2208e2b234f80788640003222010fa8f20b781b5881329d4fea26b1a3c5121045afc8d7222082392f14f709ae000032220100fd4cc8dbe8715d1f439e304edfd68dc2104bc8d1c5b2208da7cdd6bfe2d7000
@@ -519,7 +532,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000004620: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 2d8b2c3e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -542,8 +555,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000004026f00804036470f1
@@ -609,7 +623,7 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:46071
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -622,25 +636,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -655,13 +672,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request using above TMSI. VLR responds with Auth Req, 2nd auth vector
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(TMSI)=50462976
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(50462976)
@@ -680,8 +694,11 @@
 - ...rand=12aca96fb4ffdea5c985cbafa9b6e18b
 - ...expecting sres=20bde240
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - needs auth, not yet accepted
@@ -697,7 +714,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts with a CM Service Accept
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:46071: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 20bde240)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(50462976){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -721,22 +738,20 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
 - sending CM Service Accept for MSISDN:46071
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + cm_service == 2 (0xa)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x8)
   cm_service_result_sent == 1
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 46071

   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:46071: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -744,22 +759,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d27310cd06bbc51a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(50462976)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -783,13 +801,10 @@
 - MS replies with Paging Response using TMSI, and VLR sends Auth Request with third key
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP (0x6:0x27)
 DRR PAGING RESPONSE: MI(TMSI)=50462976
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from PAGING_RESP
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(50462976)
@@ -808,8 +823,11 @@
 - ...rand=e7c03ba7cf0e2fde82b2dc4d63077d42
 - ...expecting sres=a29514ae
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - needs auth, not yet accepted
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
@@ -824,7 +842,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends pending SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:46071: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = a29514ae)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(50462976){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -847,22 +865,19 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
 DPAG Paging success for MSISDN:46071 (event=0)
 DPAG Calling paging cbfn.
 DCC (ti 00 sub MSISDN:46071 callref 40000002) New transaction
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 5
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 2 (0x22)
 DMSC msc_tx 91 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: SMS:0x01: 09015801000791447758100650004c0005806470f1000007101000000000445079da1e1ee7416937485e9ea7c965373d1d6683c270383b3d0ed3d36ff71c949e83c22072799e9687c5ec32a81d96afcbf4b4fb0c7ac3e9e9b7db05
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x14)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: connection still has active transaction: SMS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x20)
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   paging_stopped == 1
 - SMS was delivered, no requests pending for subscr
@@ -873,17 +888,15 @@
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS replies with CP-ACK for received SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x04
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x04 (0x9:0x4)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x14)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x20)
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS also sends RP-ACK, MSC in turn sends CP-ACK for that
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x01
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x01 (0x9:0x1)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMSC msc_tx 2 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
@@ -891,23 +904,26 @@
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 2 (0x6)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(50462976)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - SMS is done, conn is gone
@@ -917,12 +933,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes an Auth Req to MS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(TMSI)=50462976 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -943,13 +956,16 @@
 - sending GSM Auth Request for MSISDN:46071: tuple use_count=1 key_seq=3 auth_types=0x1 and...
 - ...rand=fa8f20b781b5881329d4fea26b1a3c51
 - ...expecting sres=5afc8d72
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   auth_request_sent == 1
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:46071: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 5afc8d72)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(50462976){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -972,8 +988,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(50462976){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000004026f00804036470f1
@@ -1039,7 +1056,7 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:46071
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(50462976){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -1051,25 +1068,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(50462976){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(50462976){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(50462976){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(50462976){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(50462976){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(50462976)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(50462976){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(50462976){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(50462976){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1084,6 +1104,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches, using new TMSI
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(TMSI)=117835012
@@ -1092,10 +1113,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_gsm_authen_tmsi: SUCCESS
@@ -1107,12 +1137,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -1133,8 +1160,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000004026f003222010585df1ae287f6e273dce07090d61320b21042d8b2c3e220861855fb81fc2a8000322201012aca96fb4ffdea5c985cbafa9b6e18b210420bde240220807fa7502e07e1c0003222010e7c03ba7cf0e2fde82b2dc4d63077d422104a29514ae2208e2b234f80788640003222010fa8f20b781b5881329d4fea26b1a3c5121045afc8d7222082392f14f709ae000032220100fd4cc8dbe8715d1f439e304edfd68dc2104bc8d1c5b2208da7cdd6bfe2d7000
@@ -1172,7 +1202,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000004620: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 2d8b2c3e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1195,8 +1225,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000004026f00804036470f1
@@ -1258,7 +1289,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS replies with an Identity Response
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP (0x5:0x19)
 DMM IDENTITY RESPONSE: MI(IMEI)=423423423423420
 DVLR set IMEI on subscriber; IMSI=901700000004620 IMEI=423423423423420
@@ -1273,25 +1304,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   lu_result_sent == 1
@@ -1304,6 +1338,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
@@ -1312,10 +1347,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_gsm_authen_imei: SUCCESS
@@ -1327,12 +1371,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -1353,8 +1394,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000004026f003222010585df1ae287f6e273dce07090d61320b21042d8b2c3e220861855fb81fc2a8000322201012aca96fb4ffdea5c985cbafa9b6e18b210420bde240220807fa7502e07e1c0003222010e7c03ba7cf0e2fde82b2dc4d63077d422104a29514ae2208e2b234f80788640003222010fa8f20b781b5881329d4fea26b1a3c5121045afc8d7222082392f14f709ae000032220100fd4cc8dbe8715d1f439e304edfd68dc2104bc8d1c5b2208da7cdd6bfe2d7000
@@ -1392,7 +1436,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000004620: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 2d8b2c3e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1415,8 +1459,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000004026f00804036470f1
@@ -1478,7 +1523,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS replies with an Identity Response
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP (0x5:0x19)
 DMM IDENTITY RESPONSE: MI(IMEI)=423423423423420
 DVLR set IMEI on subscriber; IMSI=901700000004620 IMEI=423423423423420
@@ -1487,8 +1532,9 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_WAIT_IMEI_TMSI}: lu_compl_vlr_new_tmsi()
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_WAIT_IMEI_TMSI}: state_chg to LU_COMPL_VLR_S_WAIT_TMSI_CNF
 - sending LU Accept for MSISDN:46071, with TMSI 0x03020100
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
 - a LU Accept with a new TMSI was sent, waiting for TMSI Realloc Compl
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
   lu_result_sent == 1
@@ -1511,7 +1557,7 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:46071
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -1524,25 +1570,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1555,6 +1604,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches, using TMSI
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(TMSI)=50462976
@@ -1563,10 +1613,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_gsm_authen_tmsi_imei: SUCCESS
@@ -1578,12 +1637,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 0/23
@@ -1604,8 +1660,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 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
@@ -1624,7 +1683,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 9b36efdf)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1647,8 +1706,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000000156f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000000156f00804032443f2
@@ -1696,21 +1756,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -1724,13 +1787,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, 2nd auth vector
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -1749,8 +1809,11 @@
 - ...rand=c187a53a5e6b9d573cac7c74451fd46d
 - ...expecting sres=85aa3130
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - needs auth, not yet accepted
@@ -1766,7 +1829,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts with a CM Service Accept
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 85aa3130)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1790,22 +1853,20 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
 - sending CM Service Accept for MSISDN:42342
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + cm_service == 2 (0xa)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x8)
   cm_service_result_sent == 1
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 42342

   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -1813,22 +1874,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d273104d36a3c91a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1852,13 +1916,10 @@
 - MS replies with Paging Response, and VLR sends Auth Request with third key
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP (0x6:0x27)
 DRR PAGING RESPONSE: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from PAGING_RESP
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -1877,8 +1938,11 @@
 - ...rand=efa9c29a9742148d5c9070348716e1bb
 - ...expecting sres=69d5f9fb
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - needs auth, not yet accepted
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
@@ -1893,7 +1957,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends pending SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 69d5f9fb)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1916,22 +1980,19 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
 DPAG Paging success for MSISDN:42342 (event=0)
 DPAG Calling paging cbfn.
 DCC (ti 00 sub MSISDN:42342 callref 40000003) New transaction
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 5
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 2 (0x22)
 DMSC msc_tx 91 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: SMS:0x01: 09015801000791447758100650004c0005802443f2000007101000000000445079da1e1ee7416937485e9ea7c965373d1d6683c270383b3d0ed3d36ff71c949e83c22072799e9687c5ec32a81d96afcbf4b4fb0c7ac3e9e9b7db05
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x14)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: connection still has active transaction: SMS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x20)
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   paging_stopped == 1
 - SMS was delivered, no requests pending for subscr
@@ -1942,17 +2003,15 @@
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS replies with CP-ACK for received SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x04
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x04 (0x9:0x4)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x14)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x20)
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS also sends RP-ACK, MSC in turn sends CP-ACK for that
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x01
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x01 (0x9:0x1)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMSC msc_tx 2 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_GERAN_A
@@ -1960,23 +2019,26 @@
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 3
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 2 (0x6)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - SMS is done, conn is gone
@@ -1985,6 +2047,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
@@ -1993,10 +2056,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:42342
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_gsm_milenage_authen: SUCCESS
@@ -2009,12 +2081,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -2035,8 +2104,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000004026f003222010585df1ae287f6e273dce07090d61320b21042d8b2c3e220861855fb81fc2a8000322201012aca96fb4ffdea5c985cbafa9b6e18b210420bde240220807fa7502e07e1c0003222010e7c03ba7cf0e2fde82b2dc4d63077d422104a29514ae2208e2b234f80788640003222010fa8f20b781b5881329d4fea26b1a3c5121045afc8d7222082392f14f709ae000032220100fd4cc8dbe8715d1f439e304edfd68dc2104bc8d1c5b2208da7cdd6bfe2d7000
@@ -2074,7 +2146,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response with too short SRES data, auth is thwarted.
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000004620: MM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE: l3 length invalid: 5
 DMM IMSI:901700000004620: MM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE: invalid: parsing GSM AKA Auth Response failed with rc=-22; dispatching zero length SRES/RES to trigger failure
@@ -2093,23 +2165,27 @@
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_AUTH_RES
 - sending LU Reject for IMSI:901700000004620, cause 3
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage increases to: 2
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 1
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=IMSI:901700000004620, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr IMSI:901700000004620: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL IMSI:901700000004620: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   lu_result_sent == 2
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_wrong_sres_length: SUCCESS

diff --git a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_gsm_ciph.err b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_gsm_ciph.err
index 632f13e..9d90260 100644
--- a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_gsm_ciph.err
+++ b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_gsm_ciph.err

@@ -5,12 +5,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -31,8 +28,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000004026f003222010585df1ae287f6e273dce07090d61320b21042d8b2c3e220861855fb81fc2a8000322201012aca96fb4ffdea5c985cbafa9b6e18b210420bde240220807fa7502e07e1c0003222010e7c03ba7cf0e2fde82b2dc4d63077d422104a29514ae2208e2b234f80788640003222010fa8f20b781b5881329d4fea26b1a3c5121045afc8d7222082392f14f709ae000032220100fd4cc8dbe8715d1f439e304edfd68dc2104bc8d1c5b2208da7cdd6bfe2d7000
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends Ciphering Mode Command to MS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000004620: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 2d8b2c3e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -71,8 +71,9 @@
 - ...perm algo: 2
 - ...key: 61855fb81fc2a800
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - needs ciph, not yet accepted
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
@@ -146,21 +147,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -174,13 +178,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, 2nd auth vector
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
@@ -199,8 +200,11 @@
 - ...rand=12aca96fb4ffdea5c985cbafa9b6e18b
 - ...expecting sres=20bde240
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   auth_request_sent == 1
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - needs auth, not yet accepted
@@ -216,7 +220,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and requests Ciphering
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:46071: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 20bde240)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -238,8 +242,9 @@
 - ...perm algo: 2
 - ...key: 07fa7502e07e1c00
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   cipher_mode_cmd_sent == 1
 - needs ciph, not yet accepted
@@ -265,19 +270,19 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + cm_service == 1 (0x8)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 46071

   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:46071: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -285,22 +290,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d27310cd06bbc51a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -324,13 +332,10 @@
 - MS replies with Paging Response, and VLR sends Auth Request with third key
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP (0x6:0x27)
 DRR PAGING RESPONSE: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from PAGING_RESP
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
@@ -349,8 +354,11 @@
 - ...rand=e7c03ba7cf0e2fde82b2dc4d63077d42
 - ...expecting sres=a29514ae
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - needs auth, not yet accepted
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
@@ -365,7 +373,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and requests Ciphering
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:46071: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = a29514ae)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -387,8 +395,9 @@
 - ...perm algo: 2
 - ...key: e2b234f807886400
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cipher_mode_cmd_sent == 1
 - needs ciph, not yet accepted
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
@@ -413,19 +422,18 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
 DPAG Paging success for MSISDN:46071 (event=0)
 DPAG Calling paging cbfn.
 DCC (ti 00 sub MSISDN:46071 callref 40000001) New transaction
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 5
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 2 (0x14)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 1 (0x20)
 DMSC msc_tx 91 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: SMS:0x01: 09015801000791447758100650004c0005806470f1000007101000000000445079da1e1ee7416937485e9ea7c965373d1d6683c270383b3d0ed3d36ff71c949e83c22072799e9687c5ec32a81d96afcbf4b4fb0c7ac3e9e9b7db05
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: connection still has active transaction: SMS
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   paging_stopped == 1
 - SMS was delivered, no requests pending for subscr
@@ -436,17 +444,15 @@
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS replies with CP-ACK for received SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x04
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x04 (0x9:0x4)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x14)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x20)
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS also sends RP-ACK, MSC in turn sends CP-ACK for that
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x01
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x01 (0x9:0x1)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMSC msc_tx 2 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
@@ -454,23 +460,26 @@
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 2 (0x6)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - SMS is done, conn is gone
@@ -479,6 +488,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
@@ -487,10 +497,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_ciph: SUCCESS
@@ -502,12 +521,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -528,8 +544,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000004026f003222010585df1ae287f6e273dce07090d61320b21042d8b2c3e220861855fb81fc2a8000322201012aca96fb4ffdea5c985cbafa9b6e18b210420bde240220807fa7502e07e1c0003222010e7c03ba7cf0e2fde82b2dc4d63077d422104a29514ae2208e2b234f80788640003222010fa8f20b781b5881329d4fea26b1a3c5121045afc8d7222082392f14f709ae000032220100fd4cc8dbe8715d1f439e304edfd68dc2104bc8d1c5b2208da7cdd6bfe2d7000
@@ -548,7 +567,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends Ciphering Mode Command to MS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000004620: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 2d8b2c3e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -568,8 +587,9 @@
 - ...perm algo: 2
 - ...key: 61855fb81fc2a800
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - needs ciph, not yet accepted
@@ -662,7 +682,7 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:46071
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -675,25 +695,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -708,13 +731,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request using above TMSI. VLR responds with Auth Req, 2nd auth vector
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(TMSI)=50462976
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(50462976)
@@ -733,8 +753,11 @@
 - ...rand=12aca96fb4ffdea5c985cbafa9b6e18b
 - ...expecting sres=20bde240
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   auth_request_sent == 1
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - needs auth, not yet accepted
@@ -750,7 +773,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and requests Ciphering
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:46071: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 20bde240)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(50462976){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -772,8 +795,9 @@
 - ...perm algo: 2
 - ...key: 07fa7502e07e1c00
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   cipher_mode_cmd_sent == 1
 - needs ciph, not yet accepted
@@ -799,19 +823,19 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + cm_service == 1 (0x8)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 46071

   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:46071: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -819,22 +843,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d27310cd06bbc51a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(50462976)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -858,13 +885,10 @@
 - MS replies with Paging Response using TMSI, and VLR sends Auth Request with third key
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP (0x6:0x27)
 DRR PAGING RESPONSE: MI(TMSI)=50462976
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from PAGING_RESP
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(50462976)
@@ -883,8 +907,11 @@
 - ...rand=e7c03ba7cf0e2fde82b2dc4d63077d42
 - ...expecting sres=a29514ae
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - needs auth, not yet accepted
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
@@ -899,7 +926,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and requests Ciphering
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:46071: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = a29514ae)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(50462976){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -921,8 +948,9 @@
 - ...perm algo: 2
 - ...key: e2b234f807886400
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cipher_mode_cmd_sent == 1
 - needs ciph, not yet accepted
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
@@ -947,19 +975,18 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
 DPAG Paging success for MSISDN:46071 (event=0)
 DPAG Calling paging cbfn.
 DCC (ti 00 sub MSISDN:46071 callref 40000002) New transaction
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 5
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 2 (0x14)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 1 (0x20)
 DMSC msc_tx 91 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: SMS:0x01: 09015801000791447758100650004c0005806470f1000007101000000000445079da1e1ee7416937485e9ea7c965373d1d6683c270383b3d0ed3d36ff71c949e83c22072799e9687c5ec32a81d96afcbf4b4fb0c7ac3e9e9b7db05
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: connection still has active transaction: SMS
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   paging_stopped == 1
 - SMS was delivered, no requests pending for subscr
@@ -970,17 +997,15 @@
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS replies with CP-ACK for received SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x04
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x04 (0x9:0x4)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x14)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x20)
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS also sends RP-ACK, MSC in turn sends CP-ACK for that
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x01
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x01 (0x9:0x1)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMSC msc_tx 2 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
@@ -988,23 +1013,26 @@
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 2 (0x6)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(50462976)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - SMS is done, conn is gone
@@ -1013,6 +1041,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches, using TMSI
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(TMSI)=50462976
@@ -1021,10 +1050,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_ciph_tmsi: SUCCESS
@@ -1036,12 +1074,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -1062,8 +1097,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000004026f003222010585df1ae287f6e273dce07090d61320b21042d8b2c3e220861855fb81fc2a8000322201012aca96fb4ffdea5c985cbafa9b6e18b210420bde240220807fa7502e07e1c0003222010e7c03ba7cf0e2fde82b2dc4d63077d422104a29514ae2208e2b234f80788640003222010fa8f20b781b5881329d4fea26b1a3c5121045afc8d7222082392f14f709ae000032220100fd4cc8dbe8715d1f439e304edfd68dc2104bc8d1c5b2208da7cdd6bfe2d7000
@@ -1082,7 +1120,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends Ciphering Mode Command to MS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000004620: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 2d8b2c3e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1102,8 +1140,9 @@
 - ...perm algo: 2
 - ...key: 61855fb81fc2a800
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - needs ciph, not yet accepted
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
@@ -1191,7 +1230,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS replies with an Identity Response
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP (0x5:0x19)
 DMM IDENTITY RESPONSE: MI(IMEI)=423423423423420
 DVLR set IMEI on subscriber; IMSI=901700000004620 IMEI=423423423423420
@@ -1206,25 +1245,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   lu_result_sent == 1
@@ -1237,6 +1279,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
@@ -1245,10 +1288,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_ciph_imei: SUCCESS
@@ -1260,12 +1312,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -1286,8 +1335,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000004026f003222010585df1ae287f6e273dce07090d61320b21042d8b2c3e220861855fb81fc2a8000322201012aca96fb4ffdea5c985cbafa9b6e18b210420bde240220807fa7502e07e1c0003222010e7c03ba7cf0e2fde82b2dc4d63077d422104a29514ae2208e2b234f80788640003222010fa8f20b781b5881329d4fea26b1a3c5121045afc8d7222082392f14f709ae000032220100fd4cc8dbe8715d1f439e304edfd68dc2104bc8d1c5b2208da7cdd6bfe2d7000
@@ -1306,7 +1358,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends Ciphering Mode Command to MS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000004620: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 2d8b2c3e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1326,8 +1378,9 @@
 - ...perm algo: 2
 - ...key: 61855fb81fc2a800
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cipher_mode_cmd_sent == 1
   cipher_mode_cmd_sent_with_imeisv == 1
   lu_result_sent == 0
@@ -1422,21 +1475,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -1450,6 +1506,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
@@ -1458,10 +1515,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_ciph_imeisv: SUCCESS
@@ -1473,12 +1539,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -1499,8 +1562,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000004026f003222010585df1ae287f6e273dce07090d61320b21042d8b2c3e220861855fb81fc2a8000322201012aca96fb4ffdea5c985cbafa9b6e18b210420bde240220807fa7502e07e1c0003222010e7c03ba7cf0e2fde82b2dc4d63077d422104a29514ae2208e2b234f80788640003222010fa8f20b781b5881329d4fea26b1a3c5121045afc8d7222082392f14f709ae000032220100fd4cc8dbe8715d1f439e304edfd68dc2104bc8d1c5b2208da7cdd6bfe2d7000
@@ -1519,7 +1585,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends Ciphering Mode Command to MS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000004620: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 2d8b2c3e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1539,8 +1605,9 @@
 - ...perm algo: 2
 - ...key: 61855fb81fc2a800
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - needs ciph, not yet accepted
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
@@ -1628,7 +1695,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS replies with an Identity Response
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP (0x5:0x19)
 DMM IDENTITY RESPONSE: MI(IMEI)=423423423423420
 DVLR set IMEI on subscriber; IMSI=901700000004620 IMEI=423423423423420
@@ -1637,8 +1704,9 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_WAIT_IMEI_TMSI}: lu_compl_vlr_new_tmsi()
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_WAIT_IMEI_TMSI}: state_chg to LU_COMPL_VLR_S_WAIT_TMSI_CNF
 - sending LU Accept for MSISDN:46071, with TMSI 0x03020100
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
 - a LU Accept with a new TMSI was sent, waiting for TMSI Realloc Compl
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
   lu_result_sent == 1
@@ -1661,7 +1729,7 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:46071
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -1674,25 +1742,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1705,6 +1776,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches, using TMSI
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(TMSI)=50462976
@@ -1713,10 +1785,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_ciph_tmsi_imei: SUCCESS
@@ -1728,12 +1809,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 0/23
@@ -1754,8 +1832,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends *UMTS AKA* Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 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
@@ -1775,7 +1856,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends *GSM AKA* Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends Ciphering Mode Command to MS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = dacc4b26)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1795,8 +1876,9 @@
 - ...perm algo: 2
 - ...key: 7a75f0ac9b844400
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Ciphering Mode Complete, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_RR_CIPH_M_COMPL
@@ -1858,21 +1940,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -1886,13 +1971,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with *UMTS AKA* Auth Req, 2nd auth vector
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -1912,8 +1994,11 @@
 - ...autn=78cdd96c60840000322f421b3bb778b1
 - ...expecting res=ed3ebf9cb6ea48ed
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - needs auth, not yet accepted
@@ -1929,7 +2014,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS sends *GSM AKA* Authen Response, VLR accepts and requests Ciphering
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 2fb4cfad)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1951,8 +2036,9 @@
 - ...perm algo: 2
 - ...key: da149b11d473f400
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   cipher_mode_cmd_sent == 1
 - MS sends Ciphering Mode Complete, VLR accepts; above Ciphering is an implicit CM Service Accept
@@ -1967,19 +2053,19 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + cm_service == 1 (0x8)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 42342

   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -1987,22 +2073,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d273104d36a3c91a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -2026,13 +2115,10 @@
 - MS replies with Paging Response, and VLR sends *UMTS AKA* Auth Request with third key
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP (0x6:0x27)
 DRR PAGING RESPONSE: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from PAGING_RESP
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -2052,8 +2138,11 @@
 - ...autn=53f3e5632b3d00008865dd54d49663f2
 - ...expecting res=86e848a9e7ad8cd5
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - needs auth, not yet accepted
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
@@ -2068,7 +2157,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS sends *GSM AKA* Authen Response, VLR accepts and requests Ciphering
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 0ff61e0f)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -2090,8 +2179,9 @@
 - ...perm algo: 2
 - ...key: 26ec67fad3073000
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cipher_mode_cmd_sent == 1
 - MS sends Ciphering Mode Complete, VLR accepts and sends pending SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_RR_CIPH_M_COMPL
@@ -2105,19 +2195,18 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
 DPAG Paging success for MSISDN:42342 (event=0)
 DPAG Calling paging cbfn.
 DCC (ti 00 sub MSISDN:42342 callref 40000003) New transaction
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 5
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 2 (0x14)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 1 (0x20)
 DMSC msc_tx 91 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: SMS:0x01: 09015801000791447758100650004c0005802443f2000007101000000000445079da1e1ee7416937485e9ea7c965373d1d6683c270383b3d0ed3d36ff71c949e83c22072799e9687c5ec32a81d96afcbf4b4fb0c7ac3e9e9b7db05
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: connection still has active transaction: SMS
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   paging_stopped == 1
 - SMS was delivered, no requests pending for subscr
@@ -2128,17 +2217,15 @@
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS replies with CP-ACK for received SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x04
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x04 (0x9:0x4)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x14)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x20)
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS also sends RP-ACK, MSC in turn sends CP-ACK for that
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x01
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x01 (0x9:0x1)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMSC msc_tx 2 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_GERAN_A
@@ -2146,23 +2233,26 @@
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 3
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 2 (0x6)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - SMS is done, conn is gone
@@ -2171,6 +2261,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
@@ -2179,10 +2270,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:42342
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_gsm_ciph_in_umts_env: SUCCESS
@@ -2194,12 +2294,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -2220,8 +2317,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000004026f003222010585df1ae287f6e273dce07090d61320b21042d8b2c3e220861855fb81fc2a8000322201012aca96fb4ffdea5c985cbafa9b6e18b210420bde240220807fa7502e07e1c0003222010e7c03ba7cf0e2fde82b2dc4d63077d422104a29514ae2208e2b234f80788640003222010fa8f20b781b5881329d4fea26b1a3c5121045afc8d7222082392f14f709ae000032220100fd4cc8dbe8715d1f439e304edfd68dc2104bc8d1c5b2208da7cdd6bfe2d7000
@@ -2241,7 +2341,7 @@
 ---
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and wants to send Ciphering Mode Command to MS -- alas, no matching cipher can be found, abort and release
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000004620: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 2d8b2c3e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -2263,23 +2363,27 @@
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: Failed to send Ciphering Mode Command
 - sending LU Reject for IMSI:901700000004620, cause 17
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage increases to: 2
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 1
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=IMSI:901700000004620, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr IMSI:901700000004620: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL IMSI:901700000004620: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   lu_result_sent == 2
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_a5_3_not_supported: SUCCESS

diff --git a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_hlr_reject.err b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_hlr_reject.err
index 18dc7f1..28e15aa 100644
--- a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_hlr_reject.err
+++ b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_hlr_reject.err

@@ -5,12 +5,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -31,8 +28,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _SEND_AUTH_INFO_ERROR = unknown IMSI
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_ERROR: 09010809710000004026f0020102
@@ -49,18 +49,22 @@
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_AUTH_RES
 - sending LU Reject for IMSI:901700000004620, cause 2
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=IMSI:901700000004620, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr IMSI:901700000004620: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL IMSI:901700000004620: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -80,12 +84,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -106,8 +107,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _SEND_AUTH_INFO_ERROR = net fail
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_ERROR: 09010809710000004026f0020111
@@ -124,18 +128,22 @@
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_AUTH_RES
 - sending LU Reject for IMSI:901700000004620, cause 17
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=IMSI:901700000004620, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr IMSI:901700000004620: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL IMSI:901700000004620: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -157,12 +165,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -183,8 +188,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000004026f003222010585df1ae287f6e273dce07090d61320b21042d8b2c3e220861855fb81fc2a800
@@ -203,7 +211,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000004620: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 2d8b2c3e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -226,8 +234,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000004026f00804036470f1
@@ -275,21 +284,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -309,12 +321,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -333,8 +342,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _SEND_AUTH_INFO_ERROR = net fail
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_ERROR: 09010809710000004026f0020111
@@ -353,7 +365,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:46071: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 2d8b2c3e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -376,8 +388,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000004026f00804036470f1
@@ -424,21 +437,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -460,12 +476,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -486,8 +499,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000004026f003222010585df1ae287f6e273dce07090d61320b21042d8b2c3e220861855fb81fc2a800
@@ -506,7 +522,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000004620: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 2d8b2c3e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -529,8 +545,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000004026f00804036470f1
@@ -578,21 +595,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -612,12 +632,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -636,8 +653,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _SEND_AUTH_INFO_ERROR = net fail
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_ERROR: 09010809710000004026f0020111
@@ -654,18 +674,22 @@
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_AUTH_RES
 - sending LU Reject for MSISDN:46071, cause 17
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -687,12 +711,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -713,8 +734,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000004026f003222010585df1ae287f6e273dce07090d61320b21042d8b2c3e220861855fb81fc2a800
@@ -733,7 +757,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000004620: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 2d8b2c3e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -756,8 +780,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000004026f00804036470f1
@@ -805,21 +830,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -840,12 +868,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -864,8 +889,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _SEND_AUTH_INFO_ERROR = unknown IMSI
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_ERROR: 09010809710000004026f0020102
@@ -882,18 +910,22 @@
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_AUTH_RES
 - sending LU Reject for MSISDN:46071, cause 2
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -913,12 +945,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -939,8 +968,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT but it lacks auth tuples
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000004026f0
@@ -956,18 +988,22 @@
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_AUTH_RES
 - sending LU Reject for IMSI:901700000004620, cause 17
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=IMSI:901700000004620, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr IMSI:901700000004620: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL IMSI:901700000004620: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -987,12 +1023,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP LU request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -1016,8 +1049,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends UPDATE_LOCATION_ERROR
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_ERROR: 05010809710000004026f0020102
@@ -1034,18 +1070,22 @@
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_HLR_UPD}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_UPD_HLR_COMPL
 - sending LU Reject for IMSI:901700000004620, cause 2
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_HLR_UPD}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=IMSI:901700000004620, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr IMSI:901700000004620: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL IMSI:901700000004620: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -1064,12 +1104,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP LU request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -1093,8 +1130,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends only _UPDATE_LOCATION_RESULT, no INSERT DATA
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_RESULT: 06010809710000004026f0
@@ -1131,21 +1171,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=IMSI:901700000004620, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr IMSI:901700000004620: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL IMSI:901700000004620: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated

diff --git a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_hlr_timeout.err b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_hlr_timeout.err
index dffbf71..883141c 100644
--- a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_hlr_timeout.err
+++ b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_hlr_timeout.err

@@ -6,12 +6,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -32,8 +29,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 ---
 - HLR never replies
@@ -49,13 +49,22 @@
 - Total time passed: 4.001363 s
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - Total time passed: 5.001598 s
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Timeout of T0
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Timeout of T0
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Close event, cause 38
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage increases to: 2
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: Connection timed out
 - sending LU Reject for IMSI:901700000004620, cause 22
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE not permitted
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 1
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
@@ -66,15 +75,11 @@
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=IMSI:901700000004620, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr IMSI:901700000004620: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 1
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
+DRLL IMSI:901700000004620: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
 - SUBSCR_CONN_TIMEOUT has passed, conn is gone.
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -89,12 +94,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP LU request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -118,8 +120,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000004026f00804036470f1
@@ -151,13 +156,22 @@
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - Total time passed: 5.001598 s
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Timeout of T0
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Timeout of T0
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Close event, cause 38
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 2
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_HLR_UPD}: Connection timed out
 - sending LU Reject for MSISDN:46071, cause 22
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_HLR_UPD}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE not permitted
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
@@ -168,15 +182,11 @@
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
 - SUBSCR_CONN_TIMEOUT has passed, conn is gone.
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0

diff --git a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_ms_timeout.err b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_ms_timeout.err
index fc4e489..a3950ed 100644
--- a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_ms_timeout.err
+++ b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_ms_timeout.err

@@ -6,12 +6,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -32,8 +29,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000004026f003222010585df1ae287f6e273dce07090d61320b21042d8b2c3e220861855fb81fc2a800
@@ -69,13 +69,22 @@
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - Total time passed: 5.001598 s
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Timeout of T0
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Timeout of T0
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Close event, cause 38
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage increases to: 2
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: Connection timed out
 - sending LU Reject for IMSI:901700000004620, cause 22
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE not permitted
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 1
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
@@ -86,15 +95,11 @@
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=IMSI:901700000004620, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr IMSI:901700000004620: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 1
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
+DRLL IMSI:901700000004620: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
 - SUBSCR_CONN_TIMEOUT has passed, conn is gone.
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -109,12 +114,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -135,8 +137,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000004026f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000004026f003222010585df1ae287f6e273dce07090d61320b21042d8b2c3e220861855fb81fc2a8000322201012aca96fb4ffdea5c985cbafa9b6e18b210420bde240220807fa7502e07e1c0003222010e7c03ba7cf0e2fde82b2dc4d63077d422104a29514ae2208e2b234f80788640003222010fa8f20b781b5881329d4fea26b1a3c5121045afc8d7222082392f14f709ae000032220100fd4cc8dbe8715d1f439e304edfd68dc2104bc8d1c5b2208da7cdd6bfe2d7000
@@ -155,7 +160,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000004620: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = 2d8b2c3e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -178,8 +183,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000004026f00804036470f1
@@ -227,21 +233,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -255,13 +264,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, 2nd auth vector
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
@@ -280,8 +286,11 @@
 - ...rand=12aca96fb4ffdea5c985cbafa9b6e18b
 - ...expecting sres=20bde240
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 1
 ---
@@ -303,15 +312,24 @@
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - Total time passed: 5.001598 s
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Timeout of T0
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Timeout of T0
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Close event, cause 38
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: Connection timed out
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_TIMEOUT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_TIMEOUT
 - sending CM Service Reject for MSISDN:46071, result VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_TIMEOUT
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE not permitted
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000004620){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
@@ -321,14 +339,10 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 - SUBSCR_CONN_TIMEOUT has passed, conn is gone.
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -344,12 +358,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP LU request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -373,8 +384,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000004026f00804036470f1
@@ -422,21 +436,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -498,6 +515,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches, pagings are canceled
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
@@ -510,10 +528,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   paging_stopped == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0

diff --git a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_no_authen.err b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_no_authen.err
index be2d537..5cd2fa3 100644
--- a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_no_authen.err
+++ b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_no_authen.err

@@ -5,12 +5,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP LU request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -34,8 +31,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000004026f00804036470f1
@@ -95,21 +95,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -123,13 +126,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
@@ -149,23 +149,23 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
 - sending CM Service Accept for MSISDN:46071
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + cm_service == 2 (0x9)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3 not permitted
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x8)
   cm_service_result_sent == 1
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == true
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 46071

   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:46071: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -173,22 +173,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d27310cd06bbc51a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
@@ -213,13 +216,10 @@
 - MS replies with Paging Response, we deliver the SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP (0x6:0x27)
 DRR PAGING RESPONSE: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from PAGING_RESP
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
@@ -238,22 +238,21 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
 DPAG Paging success for MSISDN:46071 (event=0)
 DPAG Calling paging cbfn.
 DCC (ti 00 sub MSISDN:46071 callref 40000001) New transaction
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 6
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 3 (0x15)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 2 (0x21)
 DMSC msc_tx 91 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: SMS:0x01: 09015801000791447758100650004c0005806470f1000007101000000000445079da1e1ee7416937485e9ea7c965373d1d6683c270383b3d0ed3d36ff71c949e83c22072799e9687c5ec32a81d96afcbf4b4fb0c7ac3e9e9b7db05
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 5
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: connection still has active transaction: SMS
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 2 (0x14)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3 not permitted
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x20)
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   paging_stopped == 1
 - SMS was delivered, no requests pending for subscr
@@ -264,17 +263,15 @@
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS replies with CP-ACK for received SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x04
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x04 (0x9:0x4)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x14)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x20)
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS also sends RP-ACK, MSC in turn sends CP-ACK for that
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x01
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x01 (0x9:0x1)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMSC msc_tx 2 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
@@ -282,23 +279,26 @@
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 2 (0x6)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - SMS is done, conn is gone
@@ -307,6 +307,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
@@ -315,10 +316,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_no_authen: SUCCESS
@@ -330,12 +340,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP LU request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -359,8 +366,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000004026f00804036470f1
@@ -438,7 +448,7 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:46071
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -451,25 +461,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -484,13 +497,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request using above TMSI
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(TMSI)=50462976
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(50462976)
@@ -510,23 +520,23 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
 - sending CM Service Accept for MSISDN:46071
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + cm_service == 2 (0x9)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3 not permitted
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x8)
   cm_service_result_sent == 1
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == true
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 46071

   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:46071: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -534,22 +544,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d27310cd06bbc51a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(50462976)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -573,13 +586,10 @@
 - MS replies with Paging Response using TMSI, we deliver the SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP (0x6:0x27)
 DRR PAGING RESPONSE: MI(TMSI)=50462976
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from PAGING_RESP
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(50462976)
@@ -598,22 +608,21 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
 DPAG Paging success for MSISDN:46071 (event=0)
 DPAG Calling paging cbfn.
 DCC (ti 00 sub MSISDN:46071 callref 40000002) New transaction
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 6
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 3 (0x15)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 2 (0x21)
 DMSC msc_tx 91 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: SMS:0x01: 09015801000791447758100650004c0005806470f1000007101000000000445079da1e1ee7416937485e9ea7c965373d1d6683c270383b3d0ed3d36ff71c949e83c22072799e9687c5ec32a81d96afcbf4b4fb0c7ac3e9e9b7db05
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 5
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: connection still has active transaction: SMS
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 2 (0x14)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3 not permitted
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x20)
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   paging_stopped == 1
 - SMS was delivered, no requests pending for subscr
@@ -624,17 +633,15 @@
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS replies with CP-ACK for received SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x04
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x04 (0x9:0x4)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x14)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x20)
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS also sends RP-ACK, MSC in turn sends CP-ACK for that
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x01
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x01 (0x9:0x1)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMSC msc_tx 2 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
@@ -642,23 +649,26 @@
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 2 (0x6)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(50462976)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(50462976){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - SMS is done, conn is gone
@@ -668,12 +678,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP LU request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(TMSI)=50462976 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -695,8 +702,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(50462976){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000004026f00804036470f1
@@ -774,7 +784,7 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:46071
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(50462976){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -786,25 +796,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(50462976){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(50462976){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(50462976){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(50462976){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(50462976){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(50462976)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(50462976){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(50462976){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(50462976){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(50462976){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -819,6 +832,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches, using new TMSI
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(TMSI)=117835012
@@ -827,10 +841,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_no_authen_tmsi: SUCCESS
@@ -842,12 +865,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP LU request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -871,8 +891,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000004026f00804036470f1
@@ -946,7 +969,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS replies with an Identity Response
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP (0x5:0x19)
 DMM IDENTITY RESPONSE: MI(IMEI)=423423423423420
 DVLR set IMEI on subscriber; IMSI=901700000004620 IMEI=423423423423420
@@ -961,25 +984,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   lu_result_sent == 1
@@ -992,6 +1018,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
@@ -1000,10 +1027,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_no_authen_imei: SUCCESS
@@ -1015,12 +1051,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP LU request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -1044,8 +1077,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000004026f00804036470f1
@@ -1119,7 +1155,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS replies with an Identity Response
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP (0x5:0x19)
 DMM IDENTITY RESPONSE: MI(IMEI)=423423423423420
 DVLR set IMEI on subscriber; IMSI=901700000004620 IMEI=423423423423420
@@ -1128,8 +1164,9 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_WAIT_IMEI_TMSI}: lu_compl_vlr_new_tmsi()
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_WAIT_IMEI_TMSI}: state_chg to LU_COMPL_VLR_S_WAIT_TMSI_CNF
 - sending LU Accept for MSISDN:46071, with TMSI 0x03020100
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
 - a LU Accept with a new TMSI was sent, waiting for TMSI Realloc Compl
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
   lu_result_sent == 1
@@ -1145,7 +1182,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:46071
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -1158,25 +1195,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   lu_result_sent == 1
@@ -1190,6 +1230,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
@@ -1198,10 +1239,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_no_authen_tmsi_imei: SUCCESS
@@ -1213,12 +1263,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes an IMEISV ID request back to the MS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -1235,11 +1282,14 @@
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: GSM48_MT_MM_ID_REQ: 051803
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_IDLE}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_IMEISV
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
 - MS replies with an Identity Response, causes LU to commence with a GSUP LU request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP (0x5:0x19)
 DMM IDENTITY RESPONSE: MI(IMEI-SV)=4234234234234275
 DVLR set IMEISV on subscriber; IMSI=901700000004620 IMEISV=4234234234234275
@@ -1255,8 +1305,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - Subscriber has the IMEISV from the ID Response
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage increases to: 2
@@ -1320,21 +1371,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -1348,6 +1402,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
@@ -1356,10 +1411,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_no_authen_imeisv: SUCCESS
@@ -1371,12 +1435,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes an IMEISV ID request back to the MS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -1393,11 +1454,14 @@
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: GSM48_MT_MM_ID_REQ: 051803
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_IDLE}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_IMEISV
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
 - MS replies with an Identity Response, causes LU to commence with a GSUP LU request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP (0x5:0x19)
 DMM IDENTITY RESPONSE: MI(IMEI-SV)=4234234234234275
 DVLR set IMEISV on subscriber; IMSI=901700000004620 IMEISV=4234234234234275
@@ -1413,8 +1477,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - Subscriber has the IMEISV from the ID Response
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage increases to: 2
@@ -1492,7 +1557,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS replies with an Identity Response
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP (0x5:0x19)
 DMM IDENTITY RESPONSE: MI(IMEI)=423423423423420
 DVLR set IMEI on subscriber; IMSI=901700000004620 IMEI=423423423423420
@@ -1507,25 +1572,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   lu_result_sent == 1
@@ -1538,6 +1606,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
@@ -1546,10 +1615,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_no_authen_imeisv_imei: SUCCESS
@@ -1561,12 +1639,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes an IMEISV ID request back to the MS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -1583,11 +1658,14 @@
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: GSM48_MT_MM_ID_REQ: 051803
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_IDLE}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_IMEISV
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
 - MS replies with an Identity Response, causes LU to commence with a GSUP LU request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP (0x5:0x19)
 DMM IDENTITY RESPONSE: MI(IMEI-SV)=4234234234234275
 DVLR set IMEISV on subscriber; IMSI=901700000004620 IMEISV=4234234234234275
@@ -1603,8 +1681,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - Subscriber has the IMEISV from the ID Response
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage increases to: 2
@@ -1686,7 +1765,7 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:46071
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -1699,25 +1778,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1726,12 +1808,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes an IMEISV ID request back to the MS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -1746,11 +1825,14 @@
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: GSM48_MT_MM_ID_REQ: 051803
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_IDLE}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_IMEISV
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
 - MS replies with an Identity Response, causes LU to commence with a GSUP LU request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP (0x5:0x19)
 DMM IDENTITY RESPONSE: MI(IMEI-SV)=5234234234234276
 DVLR set IMEISV on subscriber; IMSI=901700000004620 IMEISV=5234234234234276
@@ -1766,8 +1848,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - Subscriber has the IMEISV from the ID Response
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
@@ -1849,7 +1932,7 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:46071
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -1861,25 +1944,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1894,6 +1980,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches, using new TMSI
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(TMSI)=117835012
@@ -1902,10 +1989,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_no_authen_imeisv_tmsi: SUCCESS
@@ -1917,12 +2013,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes an IMEISV ID request back to the MS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -1939,11 +2032,14 @@
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: GSM48_MT_MM_ID_REQ: 051803
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_IDLE}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_IMEISV
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
 - MS replies with an Identity Response, causes LU to commence with a GSUP LU request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP (0x5:0x19)
 DMM IDENTITY RESPONSE: MI(IMEI-SV)=4234234234234275
 DVLR set IMEISV on subscriber; IMSI=901700000004620 IMEISV=4234234234234275
@@ -1959,8 +2055,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - Subscriber has the IMEISV from the ID Response
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage increases to: 2
@@ -2038,7 +2135,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS replies with an Identity Response
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP (0x5:0x19)
 DMM IDENTITY RESPONSE: MI(IMEI)=423423423423420
 DVLR set IMEI on subscriber; IMSI=901700000004620 IMEI=423423423423420
@@ -2047,8 +2144,9 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_WAIT_IMEI_TMSI}: lu_compl_vlr_new_tmsi()
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_WAIT_IMEI_TMSI}: state_chg to LU_COMPL_VLR_S_WAIT_TMSI_CNF
 - sending LU Accept for MSISDN:46071, with TMSI 0x03020100
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
 - a LU Accept with a new TMSI was sent, waiting for TMSI Realloc Compl
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
   lu_result_sent == 1
@@ -2064,7 +2162,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:46071
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -2077,25 +2175,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   lu_result_sent == 1
@@ -2110,6 +2211,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
@@ -2118,10 +2220,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_no_authen_imeisv_tmsi_imei: SUCCESS

diff --git a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_reject_concurrency.err b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_reject_concurrency.err
index bd7b47c..7dca53f 100644
--- a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_reject_concurrency.err
+++ b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_reject_concurrency.err

@@ -5,12 +5,9 @@
 - Location Update Request on one connection
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -34,19 +31,19 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - Another Location Update Request from the same subscriber on another connection is rejected
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -59,22 +56,24 @@
 - sending LU Reject for unknown, cause 22
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_IDLE}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 1
+DRR 901700000004620: internal error during Location Updating attempt
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x1)
+DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000004620 usage decreases to: 1
-DRR 901700000004620: internal error during Location Updating attempt
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   lu_result_sent == 2
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
@@ -126,21 +125,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -160,12 +162,9 @@
 - Location Update Request
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -189,18 +188,22 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 ---
 - Another Location Update Request from the same subscriber on the same conn is dropped silently
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DMM 901700000004620: Error: connection already in use
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Cannot accept another LU, conn already busy establishing authenticity; extraneous LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 ---
@@ -251,21 +254,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -285,12 +291,9 @@
 - Location Update Request
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -314,23 +317,27 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 ---
 - A CM Service Request in the middle of a LU is rejected
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: connection already in use
+DMM Cannot accept CM Service Request, conn already busy establishing authenticity
 DMM -> CM SERVICE Reject cause: 17
 DMSC msc_tx 3 bytes to IMSI:901700000004620 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REJ: 052211
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
@@ -383,21 +390,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -417,12 +427,9 @@
 - Location Update Request
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -446,19 +453,22 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 ---
 - An erratic Paging Response is dropped silently
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP (0x6:0x27)
-DRR PAGING RESPONSE: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
-DMM 901700000004620: Error: connection already in use
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Ignoring Paging Response, conn already busy establishing authenticity
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 ---
@@ -509,21 +519,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -545,12 +558,9 @@
 - Location Update Request
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -574,8 +584,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
@@ -624,21 +637,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -652,13 +668,10 @@
 - Subscriber does a normal CM Service Request
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
@@ -678,30 +691,27 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
 - sending CM Service Accept for MSISDN:46071
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + cm_service == 2 (0x9)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3 not permitted
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x8)
   cm_service_result_sent == 1
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == true
 - A LU request on an open conn is dropped silently
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DMM 901700000004620: Error: connection already in use
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Cannot accept another LU, conn already established; extraneous LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x8)
   lu_result_sent == 0
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 ---
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
@@ -711,20 +721,25 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 3 (0x10a)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - cm_service == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=0): already dispatching release, ignore.
+DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=0): already in release, ignore.
 DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_reject_lu_during_cm: SUCCESS
@@ -738,12 +753,9 @@
 - Location Update Request
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -767,8 +779,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
@@ -817,21 +832,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -845,13 +863,10 @@
 - Subscriber does a normal CM Service Request
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
@@ -871,33 +886,30 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
 - sending CM Service Accept for MSISDN:46071
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + cm_service == 2 (0x9)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3 not permitted
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x8)
   cm_service_result_sent == 1
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == true
 - A second CM Service Request on the same conn is accepted without another auth dance
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
 DMM MSISDN:46071: re-using already accepted connection
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 - sending CM Service Accept for MSISDN:46071
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x8)
   cm_service_result_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 ---
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
@@ -907,20 +919,25 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 3 (0x10a)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - cm_service == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=0): already dispatching release, ignore.
+DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=0): already in release, ignore.
 DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_reject_cm_during_cm: SUCCESS
@@ -934,12 +951,9 @@
 - Location Update Request
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -963,8 +977,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
@@ -1013,21 +1030,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -1041,13 +1061,10 @@
 - Subscriber does a normal CM Service Request
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
@@ -1067,26 +1084,22 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
 - sending CM Service Accept for MSISDN:46071
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + cm_service == 2 (0x9)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3 not permitted
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x8)
   cm_service_result_sent == 1
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == true
 ---
 - An erratic Paging Response on the same conn is dropped silently
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP (0x6:0x27)
-DRR PAGING RESPONSE: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
-DMM 901700000004620: Error: connection already in use
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Ignoring Paging Response, conn already established
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x8)
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 ---
 - The original CM Service Request can conclude
@@ -1094,9 +1107,10 @@
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 46071

   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:46071: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -1104,22 +1118,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d27310cd06bbc51a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1135,12 +1152,9 @@
 - Location Update Request
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -1164,8 +1178,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
@@ -1214,21 +1231,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -1254,13 +1274,10 @@
 - MS replies with Paging Response, we deliver the SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP (0x6:0x27)
 DRR PAGING RESPONSE: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from PAGING_RESP
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
@@ -1279,22 +1296,21 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
 DPAG Paging success for MSISDN:46071 (event=0)
 DPAG Calling paging cbfn.
 DCC (ti 00 sub MSISDN:46071 callref 40000001) New transaction
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 6
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 3 (0x15)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 2 (0x21)
 DMSC msc_tx 91 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: SMS:0x01: 09015801000791447758100650004c0005806470f1000007101000000000445079da1e1ee7416937485e9ea7c965373d1d6683c270383b3d0ed3d36ff71c949e83c22072799e9687c5ec32a81d96afcbf4b4fb0c7ac3e9e9b7db05
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 5
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: connection still has active transaction: SMS
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 2 (0x14)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3 not permitted
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x20)
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   paging_stopped == 1
 - conn is still open to wait for SMS ack dance
@@ -1302,27 +1318,23 @@
 ---
 - MS sends erratic LU Request, which is dropped silently
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DMM 901700000004620: Error: connection already in use
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x14)
+DMM Cannot accept another LU, conn already established; extraneous LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x20)
   lu_result_sent == 0
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS replies with CP-ACK for received SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x04
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x04 (0x9:0x4)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x14)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x20)
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS also sends RP-ACK, MSC in turn sends CP-ACK for that
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x01
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x01 (0x9:0x1)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMSC msc_tx 2 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
@@ -1330,23 +1342,26 @@
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 2 (0x6)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - SMS is done
@@ -1363,12 +1378,9 @@
 - Location Update Request
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -1392,8 +1404,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
@@ -1442,21 +1457,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -1482,13 +1500,10 @@
 - MS replies with Paging Response, we deliver the SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP (0x6:0x27)
 DRR PAGING RESPONSE: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from PAGING_RESP
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
@@ -1507,22 +1522,21 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
 DPAG Paging success for MSISDN:46071 (event=0)
 DPAG Calling paging cbfn.
 DCC (ti 00 sub MSISDN:46071 callref 40000002) New transaction
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 6
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 3 (0x15)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 2 (0x21)
 DMSC msc_tx 91 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: SMS:0x01: 09015801000791447758100650004c0005806470f1000007101000000000445079da1e1ee7416937485e9ea7c965373d1d6683c270383b3d0ed3d36ff71c949e83c22072799e9687c5ec32a81d96afcbf4b4fb0c7ac3e9e9b7db05
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 5
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: connection still has active transaction: SMS
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 2 (0x14)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3 not permitted
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x20)
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   paging_stopped == 1
 - conn is still open to wait for SMS ack dance
@@ -1530,31 +1544,28 @@
 ---
 - CM Service Request during open connection is accepted
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
 DMM MSISDN:46071: re-using already accepted connection
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + cm_service == 3 (0x2a)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Updated ID from PAGING_RESP
 - sending CM Service Accept for MSISDN:46071
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x14)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x28)
   cm_service_result_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
   g_conn->received_cm_service_request == 1
 - MS replies with CP-ACK for received SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x04
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x2a)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x04 (0x9:0x4)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x14)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x28)
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS also sends RP-ACK, MSC in turn sends CP-ACK for that
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x01
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x2a)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x01 (0x9:0x1)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMSC msc_tx 2 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
@@ -1562,19 +1573,15 @@
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 2 (0x6)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 2 (0xa)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x8)
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
 - SMS is done
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 ---
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
@@ -1584,20 +1591,25 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 3 (0x10a)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - cm_service == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=0): already dispatching release, ignore.
+DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=0): already in release, ignore.
 DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_accept_cm_during_paging_resp: SUCCESS
@@ -1611,12 +1623,9 @@
 - Location Update Request
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -1640,8 +1649,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
@@ -1690,21 +1702,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -1730,13 +1745,10 @@
 - MS replies with Paging Response, we deliver the SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP (0x6:0x27)
 DRR PAGING RESPONSE: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from PAGING_RESP
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
@@ -1755,22 +1767,21 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
 DPAG Paging success for MSISDN:46071 (event=0)
 DPAG Calling paging cbfn.
 DCC (ti 00 sub MSISDN:46071 callref 40000003) New transaction
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 6
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 3 (0x15)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 2 (0x21)
 DMSC msc_tx 91 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: SMS:0x01: 09015801000791447758100650004c0005806470f1000007101000000000445079da1e1ee7416937485e9ea7c965373d1d6683c270383b3d0ed3d36ff71c949e83c22072799e9687c5ec32a81d96afcbf4b4fb0c7ac3e9e9b7db05
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 5
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: connection still has active transaction: SMS
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 2 (0x14)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3 not permitted
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x20)
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   paging_stopped == 1
 - conn is still open to wait for SMS ack dance
@@ -1778,26 +1789,21 @@
 ---
 - MS sends another erratic Paging Response which is dropped silently
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP (0x6:0x27)
-DRR PAGING RESPONSE: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
-DMM 901700000004620: Error: connection already in use
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x14)
+DMM Ignoring Paging Response, conn already established
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x20)
 - MS replies with CP-ACK for received SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x04
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x04 (0x9:0x4)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x14)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x20)
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS also sends RP-ACK, MSC in turn sends CP-ACK for that
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x01
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x01 (0x9:0x1)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMSC msc_tx 2 bytes to MSISDN:46071 via RAN_GERAN_A
@@ -1805,23 +1811,26 @@
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 2 (0x6)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - SMS is done

diff --git a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_rest.c b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_rest.c
index 7fd7bae..0233047 100644
--- a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_rest.c
+++ b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_rest.c

@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@
 	EXPECT_ACCEPTED(false);
 
 	btw("conn_fsm present, in state NEW");
-	OSMO_ASSERT(msc_create_conn_fsm(g_conn, "test") == 0);
 	OSMO_ASSERT(g_conn->fi);
 	OSMO_ASSERT(g_conn->fi->state == SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW);
 	EXPECT_ACCEPTED(false);

diff --git a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_rest.err b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_rest.err
index 5d5e1ec..2f09760 100644
--- a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_rest.err
+++ b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_rest.err

@@ -5,12 +5,9 @@
 - NULL conn
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
 - freshly allocated conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
 - conn_fsm present, in state NEW
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 1 (0x4)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(test){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(test){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(test){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
   requests shall be thwarted
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_CC_SETUP (0x3:0x5)
@@ -23,21 +20,28 @@
 DRLL subscr unknown: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - fake: acceptance
 DREF VLR subscr unknown usage increases to: 1
-DMM Subscr_Conn(test){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: silent call still active
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == true
 - CLOSE event marks conn_fsm as released and frees the conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(test){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(test){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(test){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr unknown usage increases to: 2
+DREF VLR subscr unknown usage decreases to: 1
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr unknown: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: silent call still active
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocating despite active transactions
+DRLL unknown: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr unknown usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr unknown
-DMM Subscr_Conn(test){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
-DMM Subscr_Conn(test){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_early_stage: SUCCESS
@@ -49,13 +53,10 @@
 - CM Service Request without a prior Location Updating
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
@@ -66,19 +67,23 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_UNIDENT_SUBSCR
 - sending CM Service Reject for unknown, result VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_UNIDENT_SUBSCR
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3 not permitted
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000004620){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x1)
+DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - conn was released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -91,12 +96,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP LU request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -120,8 +122,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000004026f00804036470f1
@@ -181,21 +186,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -210,12 +218,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP LU request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -237,8 +242,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM MSISDN:46071: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000004026f00804036470f1
@@ -297,21 +305,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000004620){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000004620)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000004620){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000004620){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
@@ -325,6 +336,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
@@ -333,10 +345,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:46071
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_two_lu: SUCCESS
@@ -348,12 +369,9 @@
 - Location Update request with unknown TMSI sends ID Request for IMSI
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(TMSI)=591536962 type=IMSI ATTACH
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 1/23
@@ -370,8 +388,11 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 3 bytes to TMSI:0x23422342 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: GSM48_MT_MM_ID_REQ: 051801
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM TMSI:0x23422342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF TMSI:0x23422342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF TMSI:0x23422342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
   requests shall be thwarted
@@ -385,7 +406,7 @@
 DRLL subscr TMSI:0x23422342: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS tells us the IMSI, causes a GSUP LU request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP
-DREF TMSI:0x23422342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF TMSI:0x23422342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_ID_RESP (0x5:0x19)
 DMM IDENTITY RESPONSE: MI(IMSI)=901700000004620
 DVLR set IMSI on subscriber; IMSI=901700000004620 id=901700000004620
@@ -402,8 +423,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000004026f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000004026f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(591536962){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000004620: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000004620: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_INSERT_DATA_REQUEST: 10010809710000004026f00804036470f1
@@ -463,21 +485,24 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(591536962){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(591536962){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(591536962){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage increases to: 4
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 3
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(591536962){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(591536962){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(591536962)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(591536962){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(591536962){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(591536962){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:46071, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:46071: MSC conn use - fsm == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL MSISDN:46071: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:46071 usage decreases to: 2
 DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(591536962){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated

diff --git a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_umts_authen.err b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_umts_authen.err
index ddfbb11..9e0186e 100644
--- a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_umts_authen.err
+++ b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_test_umts_authen.err

@@ -5,12 +5,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 0/23
@@ -31,8 +28,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 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
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -75,8 +75,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000000156f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   gsup_tx_confirmed == 1
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
@@ -143,7 +144,7 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:42342
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -156,25 +157,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -182,13 +186,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, 2nd auth vector
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -208,8 +209,11 @@
 - ...autn=1843a645b98d00005b2d666af46c45d9
 - ...expecting res=7db47cf7f81e4dc7
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - needs auth, not yet accepted
@@ -225,7 +229,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts with a CM Service Accept
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = 7db47cf7f81e4dc7)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -249,22 +253,20 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
 - sending CM Service Accept for MSISDN:42342
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + cm_service == 2 (0xa)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x8)
   cm_service_result_sent == 1
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 42342

   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -272,22 +274,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d273104d36a3c91a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -311,13 +316,10 @@
 - MS replies with Paging Response, and VLR sends Auth Request with third key
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP (0x6:0x27)
 DRR PAGING RESPONSE: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from PAGING_RESP
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -337,8 +339,11 @@
 - ...autn=f9375e6d41e1000096e7fe4ff1c27e39
 - ...expecting res=706f996719ba609c
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - needs auth, not yet accepted
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
@@ -353,7 +358,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends pending SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = 706f996719ba609c)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -376,22 +381,19 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
 DPAG Paging success for MSISDN:42342 (event=0)
 DPAG Calling paging cbfn.
 DCC (ti 00 sub MSISDN:42342 callref 40000001) New transaction
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 5
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 2 (0x22)
 DMSC msc_tx 91 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_GERAN_A
 - DTAP --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS: SMS:0x01: 09015801000791447758100650004c0005802443f2000007101000000000445079da1e1ee7416937485e9ea7c965373d1d6683c270383b3d0ed3d36ff71c949e83c22072799e9687c5ec32a81d96afcbf4b4fb0c7ac3e9e9b7db05
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x14)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: connection still has active transaction: SMS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x20)
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   paging_stopped == 1
 - SMS was delivered, no requests pending for subscr
@@ -402,17 +404,15 @@
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS replies with CP-ACK for received SMS
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x04
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x04 (0x9:0x4)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x14)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x20)
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS also sends RP-ACK, MSC in turn sends CP-ACK for that
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: SMS:0x01
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x01 (0x9:0x1)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMSC msc_tx 2 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_GERAN_A
@@ -420,23 +420,26 @@
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 3
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 2 (0x6)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - SMS is done, conn is gone
@@ -445,6 +448,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
@@ -453,10 +457,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:42342
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_umts_authen_geran: SUCCESS
@@ -468,12 +481,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 0/23
@@ -494,8 +504,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 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
@@ -515,7 +528,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e41)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -534,8 +547,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=27497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
@@ -618,7 +632,7 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:42342
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -631,25 +645,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   iu_release_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -657,13 +674,10 @@
 - after a while, a new conn sends a CM Service Request. VLR responds with Auth Req, 2nd auth vector
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_CM_SERV_REQ (0x5:0x24)
 DMM <- CM SERVICE REQUEST serv_type=0x08 MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from CM_SERVICE_REQ
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -683,8 +697,11 @@
 - ...autn=1843a645b98d00005b2d666af46c45d9
 - ...expecting res=7db47cf7f81e4dc7
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - needs auth, not yet accepted
@@ -700,7 +717,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = 7db47cf7f81e4dc7)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -720,8 +737,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=1159ec926a50e98c034a6b7d7c9f418d
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts; above Ciphering is an implicit CM Service Accept
@@ -737,19 +755,19 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: received_cm_service_request = true
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + cm_service == 1 (0x8)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: still awaiting first request after a CM Service Request
   cm_service_result_sent == 0
 - a USSD request is serviced
   expecting USSD:
   Your extension is 42342

   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: NCSS:0x3b
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0xa)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message NCSS:0x3b (0xb:0x3b)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: rx msg NCSS:0x3b: received_cm_service_request changes to false
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - cm_service == 1 (0x2)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
 DMM USSD: Own number requested
@@ -757,22 +775,25 @@
 DMSC msc_tx 43 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_UTRAN_IU
 - DTAP --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS: NCSS:0x2a: 8b2a1c27a225020100302002013b301b04010f0416d9775d0e2ae3e965f73cfd7683d273104d36a3c91a0d
 - DTAP matches expected message
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   iu_release_sent == 1
 - all requests serviced, conn has been released
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -796,13 +817,10 @@
 - MS replies with Paging Response, and VLR sends Auth Request with third key
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_RR_PAG_RESP (0x6:0x27)
 DRR PAGING RESPONSE: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from PAGING_RESP
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: Allocated
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_INIT}: is child of Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
@@ -822,8 +840,11 @@
 - ...autn=f9375e6d41e1000096e7fe4ff1c27e39
 - ...expecting res=706f996719ba609c
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   auth_request_sent == 1
 - needs auth, not yet accepted
 msc_subscr_conn_is_accepted() == false
@@ -838,7 +859,7 @@
 DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Message not permitted for initial conn: SMS:0x01
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM MSISDN:42342: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = 706f996719ba609c)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -858,8 +879,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=eb50e770ddcc3060101d2f43b6c2b884
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM MSISDN:42342: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   paging_stopped == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts and sends SMS
@@ -875,19 +897,18 @@
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: proc_arq_fsm_done(VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_WAIT_CIPH}: state_chg to PR_ARQ_S_DONE
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Process Access Request result: VLR_PR_ARQ_RES_PASSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
 DPAG Paging success for MSISDN:42342 (event=0)
 DPAG Calling paging cbfn.
 DCC (ti 00 sub MSISDN:42342 callref 40000002) New transaction
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 5
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 2 (0x14)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + trans_sms == 1 (0x20)
 DMSC msc_tx 91 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_UTRAN_IU
 - DTAP --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS: SMS:0x01: 09015801000791447758100650004c0005802443f2000007101000000000445079da1e1ee7416937485e9ea7c965373d1d6683c270383b3d0ed3d36ff71c949e83c22072799e9687c5ec32a81d96afcbf4b4fb0c7ac3e9e9b7db05
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 4
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_has_active_transactions: connection still has active transaction: SMS
   paging_stopped == 1
 - SMS was delivered, no requests pending for subscr
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 5
@@ -897,17 +918,15 @@
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS replies with CP-ACK for received SMS
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: SMS:0x04
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x04 (0x9:0x4)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: connection still has active transaction: SMS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 2 (0x14)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x20)
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 1
 - MS also sends RP-ACK, MSC in turn sends CP-ACK for that
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: SMS:0x01
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 3 (0x16)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x22)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message SMS:0x01 (0x9:0x1)
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMMUNICATING
 DMSC msc_tx 2 bytes to MSISDN:42342 via RAN_UTRAN_IU
@@ -915,23 +934,26 @@
 - DTAP matches expected message
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 3
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 2 (0x6)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - trans_sms == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_COMMUNICATING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 1 (0x100)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR Process_Access_Request_VLR(901700000010650){PR_ARQ_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   dtap_tx_confirmed == 1
   iu_release_sent == 1
 - SMS is done, conn is gone
@@ -940,6 +962,7 @@
 - subscriber detaches
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_IMSI_DETACH_IND (0x5:0x1)
 DMM IMSI DETACH INDICATION: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650
@@ -948,10 +971,19 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr MSISDN:42342
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=unknown, cause=0): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Close event, cause 0
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x101)
 - Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF unknown: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x1)
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DRLL Freeing subscriber connection with NULL subscriber
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   iu_release_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
 ===== test_umts_authen_utran: SUCCESS
@@ -963,12 +995,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 0/23
@@ -989,8 +1018,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000000156f00362201039fa2f4e3d523d8619a73b4f65c3e14d21049b36efdf2208059a4f668f6fbe39231027497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef2410f64735036e5871319c679f4742a75ea125108704f5ba55f30000d2ee44b22c8ea9192708e229c19e791f2e41
@@ -1010,15 +1042,16 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Failure with Resync cause, VLR sends GSUP to HLR to resync
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_FAIL
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_FAIL (0x5:0x1c)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM R99 AUTHENTICATION SYNCH (AUTS = 979498b1f72d3e28c59fa2e72f9c)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_FAIL
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0260e979498b1f72d3e28c59fa2e72f9c201039fa2f4e3d523d8619a73b4f65c3e14d
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0260e979498b1f72d3e28c59fa2e72f9c201039fa2f4e3d523d8619a73b4f65c3e14d
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_SAI_RESYNC
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   gsup_tx_confirmed == 1
   auth_request_sent == 0
   lu_result_sent == 0
@@ -1040,7 +1073,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = 1df5f0b4f22b696e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP_RESYNC}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1063,8 +1096,9 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 04010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_UPDATE_LOCATION_REQUEST: 04010809710000000156f0
 DVLR upd_hlr_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){UPD_HLR_VLR_S_INIT}: state_chg to UPD_HLR_VLR_S_WAIT_FOR_DATA
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   gsup_tx_confirmed == 1
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - HLR sends _INSERT_DATA_REQUEST, VLR responds with _INSERT_DATA_RESULT
@@ -1131,7 +1165,7 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:42342
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -1144,25 +1178,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1176,12 +1213,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 0/23
@@ -1202,8 +1236,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000000156f00362201039fa2f4e3d523d8619a73b4f65c3e14d21049b36efdf2208059a4f668f6fbe39231027497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef2410f64735036e5871319c679f4742a75ea125108704f5ba55f30000d2ee44b22c8ea9192708e229c19e791f2e41
@@ -1223,15 +1260,16 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Failure with Resync cause, VLR sends GSUP to HLR to resync
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_FAIL
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_FAIL (0x5:0x1c)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM R99 AUTHENTICATION SYNCH (AUTS = 979498b1f72d3e28c59fa2e72f9c)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_FAIL
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0260e979498b1f72d3e28c59fa2e72f9c201039fa2f4e3d523d8619a73b4f65c3e14d
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0260e979498b1f72d3e28c59fa2e72f9c201039fa2f4e3d523d8619a73b4f65c3e14d
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_SAI_RESYNC
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   gsup_tx_confirmed == 1
   auth_request_sent == 0
   lu_result_sent == 0
@@ -1253,7 +1291,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response, VLR accepts and sends SecurityModeControl
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = 1df5f0b4f22b696e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP_RESYNC}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1272,8 +1310,9 @@
 - sending SecurityModeControl for UE ctx 42 send_ck=0 new_key=1
 - ...ik=8a90c769b7272f3bb7a1c1fbb1ea9349
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_CIPH
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 1 (0x4)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   security_mode_ctrl_sent == 1
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends SecurityModeControl acceptance, VLR accepts and sends GSUP LU Req to HLR
@@ -1356,7 +1395,7 @@
 DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 - MS sends TMSI Realloc Complete
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_TMSI_REALL_COMPL (0x5:0x1b)
 DMM TMSI Reallocation Completed. Subscriber: MSISDN:42342
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_NEW_TMSI_ACK
@@ -1369,25 +1408,28 @@
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR lu_compl_vlr_fsm(901700000010650){LU_COMPL_VLR_S_DONE}: Deallocated
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_LU_COMPL}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_RELEASE_WHEN_UNUSED
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: subscr_conn_fsm_release_when_unused: releasing conn
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_ACCEPTED}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage increases to: 3
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 2
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=MSISDN:42342, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
+DRLL MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
+DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF MSISDN:42342: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr MSISDN:42342: Freeing subscriber connection
-DREF VLR subscr MSISDN:42342 usage decreases to: 1
   iu_release_sent == 1
 - LU was successful, and the conn has already been closed
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1401,12 +1443,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 0/23
@@ -1427,8 +1466,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 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
@@ -1448,7 +1490,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response of wrong RES size, VLR thwarts
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1465,23 +1507,27 @@
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_AUTH_RES
 - sending LU Reject for IMSI:901700000010650, cause 3
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650 usage increases to: 2
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650 usage decreases to: 1
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=IMSI:901700000010650, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr IMSI:901700000010650: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL IMSI:901700000010650: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   lu_result_sent == 2
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1494,12 +1540,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 0/23
@@ -1520,8 +1563,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 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
@@ -1541,7 +1587,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response of wrong RES size, VLR thwarts
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1558,23 +1604,27 @@
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_AUTH_RES
 - sending LU Reject for IMSI:901700000010650, cause 3
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650 usage increases to: 2
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650 usage decreases to: 1
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=IMSI:901700000010650, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr IMSI:901700000010650: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL IMSI:901700000010650: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   lu_result_sent == 2
   iu_release_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1587,12 +1637,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 0/23
@@ -1613,8 +1660,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 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
@@ -1634,7 +1684,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response of wrong RES size, VLR thwarts
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e4123)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1651,23 +1701,27 @@
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_AUTH_RES
 - sending LU Reject for IMSI:901700000010650, cause 3
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650 usage increases to: 2
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650 usage decreases to: 1
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=IMSI:901700000010650, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr IMSI:901700000010650: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL IMSI:901700000010650: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   lu_result_sent == 2
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1680,12 +1734,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 0/23
@@ -1706,8 +1757,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 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
@@ -1727,7 +1781,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response of wrong RES size, VLR thwarts
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM UMTS AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (res = e229c19e791f2e4123)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1744,23 +1798,27 @@
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_AUTH_RES
 - sending LU Reject for IMSI:901700000010650, cause 3
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650 usage increases to: 2
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650 usage decreases to: 1
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=IMSI:901700000010650, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr IMSI:901700000010650: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL IMSI:901700000010650: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   lu_result_sent == 2
   iu_release_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1773,12 +1831,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 0/23
@@ -1799,8 +1854,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 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
@@ -1820,7 +1878,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response of wrong RES size, VLR thwarts: GERAN reports an SRES mismatch
   MSC <--RAN_GERAN_A-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = e229c19e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1837,23 +1895,27 @@
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_AUTH_RES
 - sending LU Reject for IMSI:901700000010650, cause 3
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650 usage increases to: 2
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650 usage decreases to: 1
+- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=IMSI:901700000010650, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- BSSAP Clear --RAN_GERAN_A--> MS
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr IMSI:901700000010650: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL IMSI:901700000010650: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   lu_result_sent == 2
   bssap_clear_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0
@@ -1866,12 +1928,9 @@
 - Location Update request causes a GSUP Send Auth Info request to HLR
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST
   new conn
+DMM Subscr_Conn{SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Allocated
 DREF unknown: MSC conn use + compl_l3 == 1 (0x1)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_LOC_UPD_REQUEST (0x5:0x8)
-DREF unknown: MSC conn use + fsm == 2 (0x5)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Allocated
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_START
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_INIT}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Updated ID from LU
 DMM LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST: MI(IMSI)=901700000010650 type=NORMAL
 DMM LU/new-LAC: 0/23
@@ -1892,8 +1951,11 @@
 DVLR GSUP tx: 08010809710000000156f0
 GSUP --> HLR: OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_REQUEST: 08010809710000000156f0
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_SUB_AS_NEEDS_AUTH_WAIT_AI
-DMM IMSI:901700000010650: subscr_conn_release_when_unused: conn still being established (SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW)
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 1 (0x4)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_COMPLETE_LAYER_3
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - compl_l3 == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Awaiting results for Auth+Ciph, overruling event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - from HLR, rx _SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT; VLR sends Auth Req to MS
 <-- GSUP rx OSMO_GSUP_MSGT_SEND_AUTH_INFO_RESULT: 0a010809710000000156f00362201039fa2f4e3d523d8619a73b4f65c3e14d21049b36efdf2208059a4f668f6fbe39231027497388b6cb044648f396aa155b95ef2410f64735036e5871319c679f4742a75ea125108704f5ba55f30000d2ee44b22c8ea9192708e229c19e791f2e4103622010c187a53a5e6b9d573cac7c74451fd46d210485aa31302208d3d50a000bf04f6e23101159ec926a50e98c034a6b7d7c9f418d2410df3a03d9ca5335641efc8e36d76cd20b25101843a645b98d00005b2d666af46c45d927087db47cf7f81e4dc703622010efa9c29a9742148d5c9070348716e1bb210469d5f9fb22083df176f0c29f1a3d2310eb50e770ddcc3060101d2f43b6c2b884241076542abce5ff9345b0e8947f4c6e019c2510f9375e6d41e1000096e7fe4ff1c27e392708706f996719ba609c03622010f023d5a3b24726e0631b64b3840f82532104d570c03f2208ec011be8919883d62310c4e58af4ba43f3bcd904e16984f086d724100593f65e752e5cb7f473862bda05aa0a2510541ff1f077270000c5ea00d658bc7e9a27083fd26072eaa2a04d036220102f8f90c780d6a9c0c53da7ac57b6707e2104b072446f220823f39f9f425ad6e6231065af0527fda95b0dc5ae4aa515cdf32f2410537c3b35a3b13b08d08eeb28098f45cc25104bf4e564f75300009bc796706bc6574427080edb0eadbea94ac2
@@ -1913,7 +1975,7 @@
   lu_result_sent == 0
 - MS sends Authen Response of wrong RES size, VLR thwarts: UTRAN disallows GSM AKA altogether
   MSC <--RAN_UTRAN_IU-- MS: GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 2 (0x6)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + dtap == 1 (0x2)
 DRLL Dispatching 04.08 message GSM48_MT_MM_AUTH_RESP (0x5:0x14)
 DMM IMSI:901700000010650: MM GSM AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE (sres = e229c19e)
 DVLR VLR_Authenticate(901700000010650){VLR_SUB_AS_WAIT_RESP}: Received Event VLR_AUTH_E_MS_AUTH_RESP
@@ -1930,23 +1992,27 @@
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: Received Event VLR_ULA_E_AUTH_RES
 - sending LU Reject for IMSI:901700000010650, cause 3
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_WAIT_AUTH}: state_chg to VLR_ULA_S_DONE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_NEW}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_CN_CLOSE
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_AUTH_CIPH}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use + release == 2 (0x102)
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650 usage increases to: 2
+DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650 usage decreases to: 1
+- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - release == 1 (0x2)
+DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: Received Event SUBSCR_CONN_E_UNUSED
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASING}: state_chg to SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED
 DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_REGULAR)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Terminating (cause = OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Removing from parent Subscr_Conn(901700000010650)
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: fsm_lu_cleanup called with cause OSMO_FSM_TERM_PARENT
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Freeing instance
 DVLR vlr_lu_fsm(901700000010650){VLR_ULA_S_DONE}: Deallocated
-DMM msc_subscr_conn_close(vsub=IMSI:901700000010650, cause=2): no conn fsm, releasing directly without release event.
-- Iu Release --RAN_UTRAN_IU--> MS
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - fsm == 1 (0x2)
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
-DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
-DREF IMSI:901700000010650: MSC conn use - dtap == 0 (0x0)
-DRLL subscr IMSI:901700000010650: Freeing subscriber connection
+DRLL IMSI:901700000010650: Freeing subscriber connection
 DREF VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650 usage decreases to: 0
 DREF freeing VLR subscr IMSI:901700000010650
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Freeing instance
+DMM Subscr_Conn(901700000010650){SUBSCR_CONN_S_RELEASED}: Deallocated
   lu_result_sent == 2
   iu_release_sent == 1
   llist_count(&net->subscr_conns) == 0

diff --git a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_tests.c b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_tests.c
index cb716a8..915f282 100644
--- a/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_tests.c
+++ b/tests/msc_vlr/msc_vlr_tests.c

@@ -206,8 +206,6 @@
 
 void rx_from_ms(struct msgb *msg)
 {
-	int rc;
-
 	struct gsm48_hdr *gh = msgb_l3(msg);
 
 	log("MSC <--%s-- MS: %s",
@@ -222,11 +220,7 @@
 		g_conn = conn_new();
 		reset_l3_seq_nr();
 		patch_l3_seq_nr(msg);
-		rc = msc_compl_l3(g_conn, msg, 23);
-		if (rc != MSC_CONN_ACCEPT) {
-			msc_subscr_con_free(g_conn);
-			g_conn = NULL;
-		}
+		msc_compl_l3(g_conn, msg, 23);
 	} else {
 		patch_l3_seq_nr(msg);
 		if ((gsm48_hdr_pdisc(gh) == GSM48_PDISC_RR)
commit	e3d3dc6ea218a07161eeb80ae864a96bef2d8e61	[log] [tgz]
author	Neels Hofmeyr <neels@hofmeyr.de>	Sat Mar 31 00:02:14 2018 +0200
committer	Harald Welte <laforge@gnumonks.org>	Wed Apr 11 21:39:44 2018 +0000
tree	b0d8bddeda0835e20b4d0592184a4ec2befe7d07
parent	dc2514b22062af04354c0331f0f5819051c3fdee [diff]