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+[[hlr-ctrl]]
+== Control interface
+
+The actual protocol is described in <<common-control-if>>, the variables common
+to all programs using it are described in <<ctrl_common_vars>>. This section
+describes the CTRL interface variables specific to OsmoHLR.
+
+All subscriber variables are available by different selectors, which are freely
+interchangeable:
+
+.Subscriber selectors available on OsmoHLR's Control interface
+[options="header",width="100%",cols="35%,65%"]
+|===
+|Selector|Comment
+|subscriber.*by-imsi-*'123456'.*|Subscriber selector by IMSI, replace "123456" with the actual IMSI
+|subscriber.*by-msisdn-*'123456'.*|Subscriber selector by MSISDN
+|subscriber.*by-id-*'123456'.*|Subscriber selector by database ID
+|===
+
+Each of the above selectors feature all of these control variables:
+
+.Subscriber variables available on OsmoHLR's Control interface
+[options="header",width="100%",cols="35%,8%,8%,8%,41%"]
+|===
+|Name|Access|Trap|Value|Comment
+|subscriber.by-\*.*info*|R|No||List (short) subscriber information
+|subscriber.by-\*.*info-aud*|R|No||List subscriber authentication tokens
+|subscriber.by-\*.*info-all*|R|No||List both 'info' and 'info-aud' in one
+|subscriber.by-\*.*cs-enabled*|RW|No|'1' or '0'|Enable/disable circuit-switched access
+|subscriber.by-\*.*ps-enabled*|RW|No|'1' or '0'|Enable/disable packet-switched access
+|===
+
+=== subscriber.by-*.info, info-aud, info-all
+
+Query the HLR database and return current subscriber record, in multiple lines
+of the format
+
+----
+name<tab>value
+----
+
+To keep the reply as short as possible, most values are omitted if they are
+empty or reflect the default. These are the returned values and their presence
+modalities; for their meaning, see <<subscriber-params>>:
+
+.Returned values by OsmoHLR's 'info', 'info-all' and 'info-aud' commands
+[options="header",width="100%",cols="15%,15%,30%,40%"]
+|===
+|Returned by 'info-all' and|Name|Format|Presence
+|'info'|id|-9223372036854775808 .. 9223372036854775807 (usually not negative)|always
+|'info'|imsi|6 to 15 decimal digits|always
+|'info'|msisdn|1 to 15 decimal digits|when non-empty
+|'info'|nam_cs|'1' or '0'|when '0'
+|'info'|nam_ps|'1' or '0'|when '0'
+|'info'|vlr_number|up to 15 decimal digits|when non-empty
+|'info'|sgsn_number|up to 15 decimal digits|when non-empty
+|'info'|sgsn_address||when non-empty
+|'info-aud'|aud2g.algo|one of 'comp128v1', 'comp128v2', 'comp128v3' or 'xor'|when valid 2G auth data is set
+|'info-aud'|aud2g.ki|32 hexadecimal digits|when valid 2G auth data is set
+|'info-aud'|aud3g.algo|so far always 'milenage'|when valid 3G auth data is set
+|'info-aud'|aud3g.k|32 hexadecimal digits|when valid 3G auth data is set
+|'info-aud'|aud3g.op|32 hexadecimal digits|when valid 3G auth data is set, *not* when OPC is set
+|'info-aud'|aud3g.opc|32 hexadecimal digits|when valid 3G auth data is set, *not* when OP is set
+|'info-aud'|aud3g.ind_bitlen|0..28|when valid 3G auth data is set
+|'info-aud'|aud3g.sqn|0 .. 18446744073709551615|when valid 3G auth data is set
+|===
+
+This is an example Control Interface transcript that illustrates the various
+'info' commands:
+
+----
+include::../example_subscriber_info.ctrl[]
+----
+
+=== subscriber.by-*.ps-enabled, cs-enabled
+
+Disable or enable packet-/circuit-switched access for the given IMSI;
+
+* 'ps-enabled' switches access to GPRS or UMTS data services,
+* 'cs-enabled' switches access to voice services.
+
+When disabled, the next time this subscriber attempts to do a Location Updating
+GSUP operation for the given domain (i.e. from the SGSN for 'ps-enabled', from
+the MSC/VLR for 'cs-enabled'), it will be rejected by OsmoHLR. Currently
+connected GSUP clients will be notified via GSUP when a subscriber is being
+disabled, so that the subscriber can be dropped in case it is currently
+attached.
+
+The current 'ps-enabled'/'cs-enabled' status can be queried by 'GET' commands,
+and also by looking at 'nam_ps' and 'nam_cs' in a 'subscriber.by-*.info'
+response.
+
+A value of "1" indicates that the given domain is enabled, which is the
+default; a value of "0" disables access.
+
+This is an example transcript that illustrates 'ps-enabled' and 'cs-enabled'
+commands:
+
+----
+include::../example_subscriber_cs_ps_enabled.ctrl[]
+----
diff --git a/doc/manuals/chapters/overview.adoc b/doc/manuals/chapters/overview.adoc
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+[[overview]]
+== Overview
+
+This manual should help you getting started with OsmoHLR. It will cover
+aspects of configuring and running the OsmoHLR.
+
+[[intro_overview]]
+=== About OsmoHLR
+
+OsmoHLR is Osmocom's minimal implementation of a Home Location Register (HLR)
+for 2G and 3G GSM and UMTS mobile core networks. Its interfaces are:
+
+- GSUP, serving towards OsmoMSC and OsmoSGSN;
+- A local SQLite database;
+- The Osmocom typical telnet VTY and CTRL interfaces.
+
+Originally, the OpenBSC project's OsmoNITB all-in-one implementation had an
+integrated HLR, managing subscribers and SMS in the same local database. Along
+with the separate OsmoMSC and its new VLR component, OsmoHLR was implemented
+from scratch to alleviate various shortcomings of the internal HLR:
+
+- The separate HLR allows using centralized subscriber management for both
+  circuit-switched and packet-switched domains (i.e. one OsmoHLR for both
+  OsmoMSC and OsmoSGSN).
+
+- VLR and HLR brought full UMTS AKA (Authentication and Key Agreement) support,
+  i.e. Milenage authentication in both the full 3G variant as well as the
+  backwards compatible 2G variant.
+
+- In contrast to the OsmoNITB, the specific way the new OsmoMSC's VLR accesses
+  OsmoHLR brings fully asynchronous subscriber database access.
+
+Find the OsmoHLR issue tracker and wiki online at
+
+- https://osmocom.org/projects/osmo-hlr
+- https://osmocom.org/projects/osmo-hlr/wiki
+
+
+[[fig-gsm]]
+.Typical GSM network architecture used with OsmoHLR
+[graphviz]
+----
+digraph G {
+	rankdir=LR;
+	subgraph cluster_hlr {
+		label = "OsmoHLR";
+		GSUP [label="GSUP server"]
+		DB [label="SQLite DB"]
+		GSUP->DB
+		DB->CTRL [dir="back"]
+		DB->VTY [dir="back"]
+	}
+
+	Admin [label="Admin and\nMaintenance"]
+	SW [label="3rd party software\nintegration"]
+	VTY->Admin [dir="back"]
+	CTRL->SW [dir="back"]
+		
+	MSC [label="MSC/VLR"]
+	MSC->GSUP  [label="GSUP"]
+	SGSN->GSUP [label="GSUP"]
+
+	BSC->MSC
+	HNBGW->MSC
+	HNBGW->SGSN
+	PCU->SGSN
+}
+----
+
diff --git a/doc/manuals/chapters/running.adoc b/doc/manuals/chapters/running.adoc
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+== Running OsmoHLR
+
+The OsmoHLR executable (`osmo-hlr`) offers the following command-line
+arguments:
+
+=== SYNOPSIS
+
+*osmo-hlr* [-h|-V] [-d 'DBGMASK'] [-D] [-c 'CONFIGFILE'] [-s] [-T] [-e 'LOGLEVEL'] [-l 'DATABASE']
+
+=== OPTIONS
+
+*-h, --help*::
+	Print a short help message about the supported options
+*-V, --version*::
+	Print the compile-time version number of the OsmoBTS program
+*-d, --debug 'DBGMASK','DBGLEVELS'*::
+	Set the log subsystems and levels for logging to stderr. This
+	has mostly been superseded by VTY-based logging configuration,
+	see <<logging>> for further information.
+*-D, --daemonize*::
+	Fork the process as a daemon into background.
+*-c, --config-file 'CONFIGFILE'*::
+	Specify the file and path name of the configuration file to be
+	used. If none is specified, use `openbsc.cfg` in the current
+	working directory.
+*-s, --disable-color*::
+	Disable colors for logging to stderr. This has mostly been
+	deprecated by VTY based logging configuration, see <<logging>>
+	for more information.
+*-T, --timestamp*::
+	Enable time-stamping of log messages to stderr. This has mostly
+	been deprecated by VTY based logging configuration, see
+	<<logging>> for more information.
+*-e, --log-level 'LOGLEVEL'*::
+	Set the global log level for logging to stderr. This has mostly
+	been deprecated by VTY based logging configuration, see
+	<<logging>> for more information.
+*-l, --database 'DATABASE'*::
+	Specify the file name of the SQLite3 database to use as HLR/AUC
+	storage
+
+=== Bootstrap the Database
+
+Before first launching OsmoHLR, you need to create a database, which can be
+done with these commands:
+
+----
+mkdir -p /var/lib/osmocom
+sqlite3 /var/lib/osmocom/hlr.db < /usr/share/doc/osmo-hlr/hlr.sql
+----
+
+Depending on your installation choices, you will probably find `hlr.sql` in one
+of these locations:
+
+- `/usr/share/doc/osmo-hlr/hlr.sql`
+- `/usr/local/share/doc/osmo-hlr/hlr.sql`
+- in `osmo-hlr.git`'s source tree at `sql/hlr.sql`
+
+NOTE: At the time of writing, OsmoHLR does not create an initial empty database
+automatically, like OsmoNITB did. This behavior may be added in the future.
+
+=== Multiple instances
+
+Running multiple instances of `osmo-hlr` on the same computer is possible if
+all interfaces (VTY, CTRL) are separated using the appropriate configuration
+options. The IP based interfaces are binding to local host by default. In order
+to separate the processes, the user has to bind those services to specific but
+different IP addresses and/or ports.
+
+The VTY and the Control interface can be bound to IP addresses from the loopback
+address range, for example:
+
+----
+line vty
+ bind 127.0.0.2
+ctrl
+ bind 127.0.0.2
+----
+
+The GSUP interface can be bound to a specific IP address by the following
+configuration options:
+
+----
+hlr
+ gsup
+  bind ip 10.23.42.1
+----
+
+NOTE: At the time of writing, OsmoHLR lacks a config option to change the GSUP
+port, which is by default TCP port 4222.
diff --git a/doc/manuals/chapters/subscribers.adoc b/doc/manuals/chapters/subscribers.adoc
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+== Managing Subscribers
+
+Subscribers are kept in a local SQLite database file and can be managed via VTY
+and CTRL interfaces.
+
+See this section for some examples, and also refer to the OsmoHLR VTY reference
+manual <<vty-ref-osmohlr>> as well as the Control interface described in
+<<hlr-ctrl>>.
+
+=== Example: Add/Update/Delete Subscriber via VTY
+
+The following telnet VTY session adds a subscriber complete with 2G and 3G
+authentication tokens, and finally removes the subscriber again; it assumes
+that osmo-hlr is running and listening for telnet VTY connections on localhost:
+
+----
+$ telnet localhost 4258
+include::../example_subscriber_add_update_delete.vty[]
+----
+
+[[subscriber-params]]
+=== Subscriber Parameters
+
+The following parameters are managed for each subscriber of the HLR, modelled
+roughly after 3GPP TS 23.008, version 13.3.0; note that not all of these
+parameters are necessarily in active use:
+
+.OsmoHLR's subscriber parameters
+[options="header",width="100%",cols="20%,20%,60%"]
+|===
+|Name|Example|Description
+|imsi|901700000014701|identity of the SIM/USIM, 3GPP TS 23.008 chapter 2.1.1.1
+|msisdn|2342123|number to dial to reach this subscriber (multiple MSISDNs can be stored per subscriber), 3GPP TS 23.008 chapter 2.1.2
+|imeisv|4234234234234275|identity of the mobile device and software version, 3GPP TS 23.008 chapter 2.2.3
+|aud2g.algo|comp128v3|Authentication algorithm ID for 2G, corresponds to enum osmo_auth_algo
+|aud2g.ki||Subscriber's secret key (128bit)
+|aud3g.algo|milenage|Authentication algorithm ID for 3G and UMTS AKA, corresponds to enum osmo_auth_algo
+|aud3g.k|(32 hexadecimal digits)|Subscriber's secret key (128bit)
+|aud3g.op|(32 hexadecimal digits)|Operator's secret key (128bit)
+|aud3g.opc|(32 hexadecimal digits)|Secret key derived from OP and K (128bit), alternative to using OP which does not disclose OP to subscribers
+|aud3g.sqn|123|Sequence number of last used key (64bit unsigned)
+|aud3g.ind_bitlen|5|Nr of index bits at lower SQN end
+|apn||
+|vlr_number||3GPP TS 23.008 chapter 2.4.5
+|hlr_number||3GPP TS 23.008 chapter 2.4.6
+|sgsn_number||3GPP TS 23.008 chapter 2.4.8.1
+|sgsn_address||3GPP TS 23.008 chapter 2.13.10
+|ggsn_number||3GPP TS 23.008 chapter 2.4.8.2
+|gmlc_number||3GPP TS 23.008 chapter 2.4.9.2
+|smsc_number||3GPP TS 23.008 chapter 2.4.23
+|periodic_lu_tmr||3GPP TS 23.008 chapter 2.4.24
+|periodic_rau_tau_tmr||3GPP TS 23.008 chapter 2.13.115
+|nam_cs|1|Enable/disable voice access (3GPP TS 23.008 chapter 2.1.1.2: network access mode)
+|nam_ps|0|Enable/disable data access (3GPP TS 23.008 chapter 2.1.1.2: network access mode)
+|lmsi||3GPP TS 23.008 chapter 2.1.8
+|ms_purged_cs|0|3GPP TS 23.008 chapter 2.7.5
+|ms_purged_ps|1|3GPP TS 23.008 chapter 2.7.6
+|===
+