logging: Move the filter check up as well

There doesn't seem to be a reason not to check the filter. Update
and extend the test. Currently the filter function will be called
once for the log check and once for the output of it.
diff --git a/tests/logging/logging_test.err b/tests/logging/logging_test.err
index c3b67cc..4891491 100644
--- a/tests/logging/logging_test.err
+++ b/tests/logging/logging_test.err
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 You should see this
 You should see this
-log_check_level did not catch this case (filter)
+You should see this
+
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