expanded step-by-step examples
diff --git a/doc/asn1c-usage.lyx b/doc/asn1c-usage.lyx
index 695a5e0..03bf7ca 100644
--- a/doc/asn1c-usage.lyx
+++ b/doc/asn1c-usage.lyx
@@ -2320,45 +2320,6 @@
which is somewhat simpler:
\layout LyX-Code
-/*
-\layout LyX-Code
-
- * This is a custom function which writes the
-\layout LyX-Code
-
- * encoded output into some FILE stream.
-\layout LyX-Code
-
- */
-\layout LyX-Code
-
-static int
-\layout LyX-Code
-
-write_stream(const void *buffer, size_t size, void *app_key) {
-\layout LyX-Code
-
- FILE *ostream = app_key;
-\layout LyX-Code
-
- size_t wrote;
-\layout LyX-Code
-
-
-\layout LyX-Code
-
- wrote = fwrite(buffer, 1, size, ostream);
-\layout LyX-Code
-
-
-\layout LyX-Code
-
- return (wrote == size) ? 0 : -1;
-\layout LyX-Code
-
-}
-\layout LyX-Code
-
\layout LyX-Code
@@ -2777,9 +2738,542 @@
\layout Part
Examples
-\layout Chapter*
+\layout Chapter
-Step-by-step: A
+Step by step examples
+\layout Section
+
+A
+\begin_inset Quotes sld
+\end_inset
+
+Rectangle
+\begin_inset Quotes srd
+\end_inset
+
+ Encoder
+\layout Standard
+
+This chapter will help you to create a simple BER and XER encoder of a
+\begin_inset Quotes sld
+\end_inset
+
+Rectangle
+\begin_inset Quotes srd
+\end_inset
+
+ type used throughout this document.
+\layout Enumerate
+
+Create a file named
+\series bold
+rectangle.asn1
+\series default
+ with the following contents:
+\begin_deeper
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+RectangleModule1 DEFINITIONS ::=
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+BEGIN
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+Rectangle ::= SEQUENCE {
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+ height INTEGER,
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+ width INTEGER
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+}
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+END
+\end_deeper
+\layout Enumerate
+
+Compile it into the set of .c and .h files using asn1c compiler
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \cite{ASN1C}
+
+\end_inset
+
+:
+\begin_deeper
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\emph on
+asn1c -fnative-types
+\series bold
+\emph default
+rectangle.asn1
+\end_deeper
+\layout Enumerate
+
+Alternatively, use the Online ASN.1 compiler
+\begin_inset LatexCommand \cite{AONL}
+
+\end_inset
+
+ by uploading the
+\series bold
+rectangle.asn1
+\series default
+ file into the Web form and unpacking the produced archive on your computer.
+\layout Enumerate
+
+By this time, you should have gotten multiple files in the current directory,
+ including the
+\series bold
+Rectangle.c
+\series default
+ and
+\series bold
+Rectangle.h
+\series default
+.
+\layout Enumerate
+
+Create a main() routine which creates the Rectangle_t structure in memory
+ and encodes it using BER and XER encoding rules.
+ Let's name the file
+\series bold
+main.c
+\series default
+:
+\begin_inset ERT
+status Open
+
+\layout Standard
+
+\backslash
+clearpage{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\begin_deeper
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+#include <stdio.h>
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+#include <sys/types.h>
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+#include <Rectangle.h> /* Rectangle ASN.1 type */
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+/*
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ * This is a custom function which writes the
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ * encoded output into some FILE stream.
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ */
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+static int
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+write_out(const void *buffer, size_t size, void *app_key) {
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ FILE *out_fp = app_key;
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ size_t wrote;
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ wrote = fwrite(buffer, 1, size, out_fp);
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ return (wrote == size) ? 0 : -1;
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+}
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+int main(int ac, char *av) {
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ Rectangle_t *rectangle; /* Type to encode */
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ asn_enc_rval_t ec; /* Encoder return value */
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ /* Allocate the Rectangle_t */
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ rectangle = calloc(1, sizeof(Rectangle_t); /* not malloc! */
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ if(!rectangle) {
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ perror(
+\begin_inset Quotes sld
+\end_inset
+
+calloc() failed
+\begin_inset Quotes srd
+\end_inset
+
+);
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ exit(71); /* better, EX_OSERR */
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ }
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ /* Initialize the Rectangle members */
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ rectangle->height = 42; /* any random value */
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ rectangle->width = 23; /* any random value */
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ /* BER encode the data if filename is given */
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ if(ac < 2) {
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ fprintf(stderr,
+\begin_inset Quotes sld
+\end_inset
+
+Specify filename for BER output
+\backslash
+n
+\begin_inset Quotes srd
+\end_inset
+
+);
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ } else {
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ const char *filename = av[1];
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ FILE *fp = fopen(filename,
+\begin_inset Quotes sld
+\end_inset
+
+w
+\begin_inset Quotes srd
+\end_inset
+
+); /* for BER output */
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ if(!fp) {
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ perror(filename);
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ exit(71); /* better, EX_OSERR */
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ }
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ /* Encode the Rectangle type as BER (DER) */
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ ec = der_encode(&asn_DEF_Rectangle,
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ rectangle, write_out, stream);
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ fclose(fp);
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ if(ec.encoded == -1) {
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ fprintf(stderr,
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+
+\begin_inset Quotes sld
+\end_inset
+
+Could not encode Rectangle (at %s)
+\backslash
+n
+\begin_inset Quotes srd
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ ec.failed_type ? ec.failed_type->name :
+\begin_inset Quotes sld
+\end_inset
+
+unknown
+\begin_inset Quotes srd
+\end_inset
+
+);
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ exit(65); /* better, EX_DATAERR */
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ } else {
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ fprintf(stderr,
+\begin_inset Quotes sld
+\end_inset
+
+Created %s with BER encoded Rectangle
+\backslash
+n
+\begin_inset Quotes srd
+\end_inset
+
+,
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ filename);
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ }
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ }
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ /* Also print the constructed Rectangle XER encoded (XML) */
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ xer_fprint(stdout, &asn_DEF_Rectangle, rectangle);
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+ return 0; /* Encoding finished successfully */
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\size small
+}
+\end_deeper
+\layout Enumerate
+
+Compile all files together using C compiler (varies by platform):
+\begin_deeper
+\layout LyX-Code
+
+
+\emph on
+cc -I.
+ -o
+\series bold
+rencode
+\series default
+ *.c
+\end_deeper
+\layout Enumerate
+
+Voila! You have just created the BER and XER encoder of a Rectangle type,
+ named
+\series bold
+rencode
+\series default
+!
+\layout Standard
+
+
+\begin_inset ERT
+status Collapsed
+
+\layout Standard
+
+\backslash
+clearpage{}
+\end_inset
+
+
+\layout Section
+
+A
\begin_inset Quotes sld
\end_inset
@@ -2790,7 +3284,7 @@
Decoder
\layout Standard
-This chapter will help you to create a simple decoder of a simple
+This chapter will help you to create a simple BER decoder of a simple
\begin_inset Quotes sld
\end_inset
@@ -3204,7 +3698,8 @@
\end_deeper
\layout Enumerate
-Voila! You have just created the Rectangle type decoder named
+Voila! You have just created the BER decoder of a Rectangle type, named
+
\series bold
rdecode
\series default